Biological Analysis and Response to Low Phosphate Stress of Phosphate Transporter Family 1 (PHT1) Genes in Solanum tuberosum L.

Inorganic phosphate(Pi)is one of the main nutrients necessary for plant growth.Phosphate transporters mediate the acquisition,transport and recycling of phosphate,which is essential for plant growth and development.Although PHT1 has been reported in many plants at home and abroad,it is rarely studied in potato.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the PHT1 family members in order to understand the molecular response mechanism of potato in low phosphate state.In this study,a total of 6 potato PHT1 genes were identified and isolated.It was found that after the expression of different members of potato PHT1 gene,there were certain differences in amino acids and proteins,and the transmembrane domains ranged from 6 to 12.The difference in the secondary and tertiary protein structure of potato PHT1 also led to a difference in protein morphology.In addition,the expression of the PHT1 gene in potato increased obviously during 3~9 h of Pi deficiency stress.Overall,the expression levels of different genes in roots,stems and leaves are distinctly different,but the expression levels of the StPHT1;6 and StPHT1;10 genes are very high in roots,stems and leaves,indicating that these two genes may participate in the absorption of Pi in potato and play a role in Pi translocation.These two genes play a major role in the regulation of expression under short-term Pi deficiency stress.Our results provide an important reference for further understanding the evolution and function of potato phosphate transporters,and have important significance for improving the ability of potato to tolerate low Pi.

Effects of Nitrogen, Phosphate and Potassium Fertilizers on Soft Rot of Konjac Based on Grey Correlation Analysis

[Objective] The effects of different application amounts of nitrogen, phos-phate and potassium fertilizers on soft rot of konjac were investigated in this study. [Method] The grey correlation analysis was adopted to evaluate the correlation be-tween the application amount of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilizers and the occurrence of soft rot of konjac. [Result] The excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer would induce the occurrence of soft rot of konjac, but the application of potassium fertilizer had a good control effect on soft rot. [Conclusion] The applica-tion amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be control ed reasonably in the planting of konjac, but the application amount of phosphate and potassium fertilizer could be in-creased to some extent, reducing the occurrence of soft rot of konjac.

Characterization and coagulation performance of polymeric phosphate ferric sulfate on eutrophic water

Polymeric phosphate ferric sulfate (PPFS),a new improved coagulation reagent,was prepared by polymeric ferric sulfate (PFS),Na2HPO4 and NaOH. The degree of iron polymerisation (Fepol) of PPFS was determined by means of the ferron-timed spectroscopy method. Furthermore,the effect of n(P)/n(Fe),alkalization degree,pH value,and PPFS dosage on the removal rate of eutrophic water turbidity and chl-a and ζ-potential of products were also investigated. The experimental results show that the best n(P)/n(Fe) of flocculation effect in stable product of PFFS is 0.3; the best alkalization degree of flocculation effect is 0.2,while the n(P)/n(Fe) is 0.3. Under the neutral and subalkalic (pH value is 7-8) conditions,PPFS achieves the best processing efficiency. PPFS has more excellent turbidity and higher chlorophyl removal rate by studying treatment eutrophic water in comparison with PFS.

Crystallization Kinetics of Lithium Aluminum Germanium Phosphate Glass by DSC Technique

Abstract： The crystallization kinetics of Li20-A12O3-GeO2-P205 （LAGP） glass fabricated via the conventional melt-quenching method was studied by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） under non- isothermal condition at different heating rates. The activation energy of glass transition Eg is 634.4 kJ/mol, indicating that LAGP glass is easy to crystallize at an elevated temperature. The activation energy of crystallization Eo and Avrami index n obtained from Matusita＇s model are 442.01 kJ/mol and 1.7, respectively. The value of n reveals that bulk crystallization predominates slightly over surface crystallization during crystallization process. LAGP glass-ceramics after different heat treatments have the same crystalline phases determined as major phase LiGe2（PO4）3, with A1PO4 and GeO2 as their impurity phases.

Experimental Study of Porous Beta-tricalcium Phosphate and Bone Morphogenetic Protein/porous Beta-tricalcium Phosphate Complex in Rabbit Mandibular Reconstruction

We investigated the osteogenic characteristic and biodegradation behavior of porous beta-tricalcitum phosphate （ β- TCP ） and bone morphogenetic protein/beta-tricalcium phosphate （ BMP/ β- TCP ） complex in mandibular reconstruction and evaluated the advantages of BMP / β- TCP complex in repairing bone defects. Bone defects created in the lower margin of bilateral mandible bodies in 12 rabbits were repaired with β- TCP （ control group ） and BMP/ β- TCP complex （ experimental group ） respectively. The rabbits were euthanized after 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks and examined by macroscopy, radiography, histology, histomorphometry and image analysis. 2 weeks after surgery, ossftcation of newly-generated tissue in BMP/ β- TCP complex group appeared and after 12 weeks, massive new bone and ossification maturation were seen. However, in β- TCP group without BMP , ossification was not found until 12 weeks after operation. Image analysis showed that bone regeneration rate of BMP/ β- TCP was 30%-40% higher and the degradation rate was 20%- 30% higher than that of β- TCP. Therefore, as a reconstructive material for bone defects, BMP/ β-TCP complex is superior to β-TCP and can be used in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Jebel Kurun Phosphate Rock Characteristics and Technical Viability to Produce Phosphoric Acid

The technical viability for utilizing Jebel Kurun phosphate reserve in Sudan for the production of a fertilizer grade phosphoric acid is assessed. Statistical analysis has been carried for 56 samples. Phosphate rock has been classified into three main types and then the number of samples representing each type has been identified. Average values for phosphorus pentoxide is 19% and for uranium is 81.47 ppm. The most abundant elements are silicon, aluminum, phosphorus, calcium and iron. Aluminophosphate ore (CaO% ≤ 12%, Al2O3% ≥ 20%, P2O5% ≥ 18%) is represented by 55.36% of sampled phosphate rock. This type can be used to produce phosphoric acid when P2O5 > 30%. Apatite rock including aluminophosphate CaO% ≥ 25%, Al2O3% ≤ 10%, P2O5% ≥ 20%, 12% ≤ SiO2 ≤ 35% is represented by 1.79% of sampled phosphate rock, this type can be used to produce phosphoric acid when it can meet the requirements of (CaO% ≥ 30%, Al2O3% ≤ 7%, P2O5% ≥ 25%, SiO2% ≤ 30%). Silica ore including phosphorus (SiO2% ≥ 40%, P2O5% ≤ 10%) is represented by 16.07% of sampled phosphate rock and Iron ore including phosphorus (Fe2O3% ≥ 20%, P2O5% ≤ 10%) is represented by 5.36% of samples. Both types cannot be used to produce phosphoric acid. The statistical distribution of P2O5 in the size fractions for a core drilled samples is required.

Study of Tungsten Phosphate Glasses Containing Fe₂O₃

Glasses of the compositions 20Li2O-(50 - x)Li2WO4-xFe2O3-30P2O5 where (x = 0, 1, 5, 8, 10, 15 mol%) were elaborated by the melt-quenching route. Synthesized glasses are characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetric?(DSC), and density determination. The XRD patterns confirmed the?amorphous nature of samples, and IR spectra showed the structural groups and highlight the depolymerization of phosphate network with the introduction of iron oxide. It is found that the structural unit Q2 converts to Q1 and Q0 as Fe2O3 replaces Li2WO4. Chemical durability tests on the glasses have shown that the compositions containing pyrophosphate (Q1) and orthophosphate (Q0) units are more water-resist. The electrical conductivity measurements were performed by complex impedance spectroscopy in the frequency range of 20 - 106 Hz at various temperatures from ambient to 400°C. It is found that the conductivity is activated thermally and follows an Arrhenius law. The obtained electrical data were analyzed by the modulus formalism and dielectric formalism. The determined asymmetric nature of? spectra suggested that the relaxation behavior is non-Debye and characterized by the stretched exponent parameter

Crystal Structure, Thermal Behaviour and Vibrational Spectra of Tetraethylammonium Dihydrogenmonophosphate Bis Phosphoric Acid

Single crystals of the tetraethylammonium dihydrogenmonophosphate bis trihydrogenmonophosphate [CH3CH2]4N+(H2PO4)(H3PO4)2(TEP), were grown by slow evaporation solution technique at room temperature. The compound was characterised by IR, Raman, differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and single crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system (space group P21/c) with the following unit cell dimensions: a = 7.765 (2) , b = 16.531 (4) , c = 14.843 (2) , β = 100.99 (2)o, Z=4 , DX =1.67Mg.m-3, Dm=1.532Mg-3, λ (MoKa) = 0.71073 , u=0.384 mm-1, F(000)=991, T = 20 (2)o. The structure was solved by the direct method and refined to final R value of 0.0342 and Rw=0.107 for 3239 independent [(CH3CH2)4N]+ reflections. The structure consists of infinite parallel two-dimensional planes built of mutually , H3PO4 tetrahedra ?and cations connected by strong and hydrogen bonding. There are no contacts other than van der Waals interactions between the layers.

Interface reaction and thermodynamic analysis on Al_2O_3-SiO_(2(sf))/AZ91D composite

Al2O3-SiO2(sf)/AZ91D composite was fabricated by squeezing infiltration using preform made of crystallized aluminum silicate short fibers as reinforcement and aluminum phosphate as binder. The interfacial reaction products were investigated by optical microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and the thermodynamics was discussed. It is shown that alumina silicate fibers are ideal candidates for the reinforcement of the Mg alloy matrix composites, and the perfect strong interfaces were formed by the chemical reaction between Mg in the magnesium alloy matrix and aluminum phosphate binder through generation of MgO particles. In addition, brittle Mg2Si phase was precipitated at the interface through the reaction between amorphous SiO2 and Mg in the magnesium alloy matrix, which affects the mechanical property of the composite.

川西南雷波小沟早寒武世磷矿床磷酸盐富集沉降机制探讨

为了解我国扬子地区早寒武世磷块岩矿床磷酸盐的富集沉降机制,本文以川西南雷波县小沟大型磷矿床为解剖对象,采用共焦激光拉曼和激光剥蚀等离子体质谱分析(LA-ICP-MS)技术,从岩相学和地球化学的角度对其进行了初步探讨。结果显示:小沟矿床磷块岩主要由胶磷矿、碳酸盐矿物、有机质、硅质及少量黄铁矿组成;矿石中微生物发育,鉴定其可能为Eoentophysalis和Obruchevella;胶磷矿LA-ICP-MS原位REE分析表明,所有点位均具明显的负Ce异常,指示沉积成矿过程中氧化—次氧化的底层水与孔隙水条件。综合上述研究认为,成矿与有机质沉降及胞外聚合物(EPS)关系密切:①氧化—次氧化底层水条件下,生物有机质沉降,并在埋藏过程中迅速分解导致孔隙水中溶解磷酸盐达到过饱和是磷富集沉淀的主因。②胞外聚合物(EPS)粘附细胞和有机碎屑,加速了生物有机质的聚集沉降,埋藏过程中,胞外聚合物为磷质聚集提供大量成核位点,促进了胶磷矿的快速析出与沉淀。

钛白副产硫酸亚铁制备电池级磷酸铁

以钛白副产硫酸亚铁净化除杂所得硫酸铁溶液为铁源,采用液相沉淀法合成电池级磷酸铁,研究了铁磷投料比、反应温度、pH、CTAB添加量对磷酸铁Fe/P、粒径及产率的影响,并通过响应面分析得到高产磷酸铁的较优合成条件为:投料比1.33、温度80℃、pH为1.6、CTAB添加量为2%。通过响应面优化实验,在保证90.98%的高产率的同时,降低了原料投料比,节省了用料成本。所得产物为无定形二水磷酸铁,经煅烧后转变为α-石英型。二水磷酸铁的一次颗粒粒径在100nm左右,二次颗粒平均粒径D_(50)为8.4μm。根据晶核形成与晶体生长理论分析了无定形磷酸铁的形成机理:磷酸铁的成核速率远大于其生长速率,体系中形成大量微小晶核,这些微小晶核因半径小于临界晶核半径而发生无规则的聚集,进而形成无定形磷酸铁。所得二水磷酸铁的元素质量分数符合电池级磷酸铁的技术指标。

基于主成分分析的饲料级磷酸盐理化特性评价

该研究旨在探究不同饲料级磷酸盐理化特性指标的差异,分析其相关性,找出关键理化特性指标,并建立饲料级磷酸盐的评价体系。选取常用的5种磷酸氢钙、4种磷酸二氢钙和3种磷酸一二钙为试验材料,测定分析水分、比表面积、滑动摩擦角、休止角、松散密度、振实密度、压缩度、吸水性指数、水溶性指数及溶胀度等理化特性指标,运用主成分分析法精简理化特性指标,并计算各样品的综合得分。结果表明:1)不同饲料级磷酸盐理化特性存在一定差异,也存在不同程度的相关性。饲料级磷酸盐的休止角与比表面积呈极显著正相关(r=0.919,P<0.01);压缩度与休止角呈极显著正相关(r=0.926,P<0.01);溶胀度与吸水性指数呈极显著正相关(r=0.930,P<0.01)、与水溶性指数呈极显著负相关(r=-0.987,P<0.01)。2)运用主成分分析,提取了3个有效主成分,累积方差贡献率达到88.27%,确定休止角、比表面积、松装密度、压缩度及水溶性指数为关键的理化特性指标。饲料级磷酸盐理化特性得分排序由大到小依次为磷酸氢钙、磷酸一二钙、磷酸二氢钙,粒状磷酸盐得分较低。综合分析,从饲料级磷酸盐的理化特性考虑,为改善多元化配方的加工性能和颗粒饲料质量,可优先选用磷酸氢钙,研究为不同饲料级磷酸盐在饲料中的应用提供数据基础及参考依据。

DNA sequence analysis of the triose phosphate isomerase gene from isolates of Giardia lamblia

Objective To confirm the genetic relation between Giardia lamblia (G. lamblia) isolates from different geographic regions of China and other countries.Methods Genomic DNA were extracted from the trophozoites or cysts of Giardia lamblia. The triose phosphate isomerase (tim) gene was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. PCR products were digested with endonuclease and sequenced. The data of sequencing were analyzed with the DNAstar software and compared with that of the isolates acquired from GenBank.Results Of nine isolates of Giardia lamblia from China (C1, C2, CH2 and CH3), Cambodia (CAM), Australia (A1 and A2) and America (BP and CDC), respectively, 3 (A1, A2 and CAM) fit into Group 1 (WB), 2 (CH2 and CH3)) into Group 2, and 4 (C1, C2, BP and CDC) into Group 3 (GS). The results confirmed the genetic relatedness of G. lamblia isolates from all over the world.Conclusion Genotyping isolates of G. Lamblia provides important information for establishing the phylogenetic relationship or for the epidemiological evaluation of the spreading of this organism.

玄武岩纤维增强磷酸镁水泥冲击性能研究

磷酸镁水泥(MPC)以其优异的耐腐蚀性、耐热性和可塑性在建筑行业得到了广泛应用。为了研究掺入玄武岩纤维(BF)对磷酸镁水泥(MPC)抗冲击性能的改善效果。采用落锤冲击试验装置对BF-MPC进行抗冲击试验;分析了不同长度与掺量的玄武岩纤维对MPC抗冲击性能的影响;采用Weibull数理统计模型对冲击试验结果进行拟合和失效概率的预测。玄武岩纤维的掺入可以明显提高MPC的抗冲击次数;其中体积掺量为1.5%,长度为6 mm的玄武岩纤维对MPC的抗冲击性能的提高幅度最大,初裂次数及终裂次数均为不掺加纤维的3倍以上。BF-MPC的冲击次数很好地服从两参数Weibull分布。BF的掺入可以明显改善MPC的抗冲击性能。

退役锂电池高压放电声音信号时频特征研究

为实现退役动力电池的梯次利用,以10 A·h方壳电池高压放电声音为研究对象,将不同SOH电池内部离子活性、放电能力、电荷迁移与补给能力等与其放电声纹建立联系,提取相关统计指标表征电池老化状态,为后续通过声音特征快速检测退役电池SOH打下理论基础。通过自搭建声音采集实验平台采集电池放电声音,而后对放电声音进行预处理,最后提取其时域特征(时域图、均方根能量)与频域特征(声谱图)进行分析。通过时频域特征分析得知:电池在高压电场诱导下放电发声,电池放电高能区域集中于10 kHz附近,随着SOH的降低,电池内部离子失活,电荷迁移与补给能力减弱,时域图中声音信号波形稳定性越差,且振幅主体范围不断减小,电池放电声音的均方根能量不断降低,语谱图中则表现为放电现象微弱,放电频率以及能量大幅下降。

基于能量流分析的新能源地下铲运机能耗优化研究

能量流分析是一种分析车辆能量消耗的重要手段,是车辆能耗优化的基础。新能源电池地下铲运机是新型地下矿用设备,对其能量流动与各部件能耗效率研究较少。探究其井下作业的能量损耗是延长其续航时间的研究重点。首次将能量流分析方法应用于新能源铲运机的能耗分析,建立了能量流模型,根据电池温度与铲运机工况设计试验分组并进行工况测试,采集测试数据并基于能量流分析方法对测试结果进行研究。结果表明,新能源铲运机较大的能量损失集中于牵引系统与电池系统。其中驾驶员不适应电驱动操作造成的无效操作与牵引系统控制策略不完善,是导致牵引系统的高能耗的主要因素;电池系统快速充电造成的积温会影响铲运机的能量分配,降低其续航时间。通过对牵引系统与电池系统的优化,实现了新能源铲运机的能耗降低13%。研究结果表明,对新能源铲运机进行能量流分析能够直观了解其能量流动与能耗情况,有助于发现高能耗问题并提出优化方向,从而降低能耗,改善能量利用效率,延长续航时间。

基于限定日剂量和帕累托分析法对复方氨林巴比妥注射液和洛芬待因缓释片的药物利用评价

目的基于限定日剂量和帕累托分析法分析医疗机构复方氨林巴比妥注射液(以下简称为复方氨林巴比妥)与洛芬待因缓释片药物利用情况,为医疗机构药品管理及药物滥用主动监测提供参考。方法收集南京医科大学大数据平台(来自4家医院2016年9月—2022年8月电子病历)中复方氨林巴比妥或洛芬待因缓释片的处方信息,最终获得处方中开具复方氨林巴比妥的患者4261例(病历4552份),处方中开具洛芬待因缓释片的患者3278例(病历3817份)。根据限定日剂量评价用药倾向和用药合理性,使用帕累托分析法评价药品使用合理性。采用Spearman秩相关分析探讨年龄与复方氨林巴比妥单次剂量、实际日剂量的关系。结果处方复方氨林巴比妥注射液的患者男女比例为1.14∶1,诊断主要为呼吸道感染,主要就诊科室为急诊科;处方洛芬待因缓释片的患者男女比例为1.05∶1,主要就诊科室为疼痛科。复方氨林巴比妥2019年用药频度(DDDs)最高,洛芬待因缓释片2020年DDDs最高。2019年复方氨林巴比妥的消耗量和实际用药天数最多,同年DDDs也最高,各年药物利用指数(DUI)均<1。Spearman秩相关分析结果显示,年龄与复方氨林巴比妥单次剂量(r_(s)=0.07,P<0.05)和实际日剂量(r_(s)=0.06,P<0.05)均呈弱相关。2020年洛芬待因缓释片的消耗总量和实际用药天数最多,同年DDDs最多,各年DUI均<1。处方开具复方氨林巴比妥、洛芬待因缓释片的患者中开药次数1次为A因素。复方氨林巴比妥开药次数3~7次为C类因素。洛芬待因缓释片开药次数4~11次为C类因素。结论2种药品总体用药情况均符合药品说明书要求,但存在个体用药不合理现象,医疗机构应加强管理,重点关注开药次数较多患者,防止药物过度使用甚至滥用。

115462例新生儿葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症筛查及基因突变分析

目的了解贵阳地区葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase,G6PD)缺乏症发病情况和基因突变特点,为贵阳地区G6PD缺乏症的防治提供科学参考。方法募集该地区2020年8月至2023年1月出生的新生儿,应用荧光分析法对其血斑样本进行G6PD酶活性筛查,召回初筛阳性儿,完成G6PD酶活性诊断及多色探针荧光PCR熔解曲线法(Multicolor probe melting curve analysis method,MMCA)基因突变分析。结果共募集115462例新生儿,G6PD酶活性筛查血斑样本共筛出阳性1606例,筛查阳性率为1.39%(1606/115462),其中男性为1.83%(1130/61801)、女性0.89%(476/53661),男女新生儿G6PD酶活性初筛阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);召回初筛阳性患儿,G6PD基因突变检出率87.07%(909/1044),其中男性为90.09%(764/848),女性为73.98%(145/196),男女间G6PD基因突变检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。本研究共检出13种类型G6PD基因单一突变型(c.1024 G>T、c.1388 G>A、c.95 A>G、c.1376 G>T、c.592C>T、c.871 G>A、c.519 C>T、c.392G>T、c.493 A>G、c.1004C>A、c.1360C>T、c.383T>C、c.517T>C)和6种复合突变型(c.1376 G>T杂合复合c.95A>G杂合突变、c.1024 G>T杂合复合c.95A>G杂合突变、c.1024 C>T杂合复合c.1388 G>A杂合突变、c.1024 C>T杂合复合c.519C>T杂合突变、c.1376 G>T杂合复合c.1024 C>T杂合突变、c.95A>G杂合复合c.1388 G>A杂合突变)。贵阳地区G6PD缺乏症基因突变类型复杂多样,G6PD突变常见类型为c.1024 C>T、c.1388G>A、c.95 A>G、c.1376G>T这四种类型。结论贵阳地区G6PD基因突变位点具有明显地域性特征,开展G6PD酶活性筛查及相关诊断检测,有利于本地区G6PD缺乏症的筛查、确诊、治疗和防控,有效提高出生人口素质。

高炉矿渣与磷酸盐复配材料对Cu、Pb、Zn污染土壤的钝化效果研究

选取湖北某矿区重金属污染土壤,通过钝化实验和金属赋存形态分析实验探究了经高炉矿渣(BFS)及其与磷酸二氢钾(MKP)的复配材料修复前后重金属Cu、Pb、Zn的浸出毒性及赋存形态的变化情况。结果表明,BFS-MKP复配材料对土壤的钝化效果优于BFS单独处理,BFS-MKP复配材料对土壤中Cu、Pb的钝化效果要优于Zn,针对Cu、Pb的钝化效率最高分别达到86.1%与88.2%。此外,BFS-MKP复配材料可以促进土壤中活性较高形态的Cu、Pb向较稳定的形态转化。添加复配材料并养护28 d后,土壤中可交换态Cu、Pb含量占比可分别从16.6%、22.7%最低降至0.6%、4.3%,而残渣态Cu、Pb含量占比可分别从64.3%、41.7%最高升至89.3%、81.9%。