Objective:To evaluate the presence and antibiogram pattern of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)in retail poultry meat products.Methods:Foodborne pathogens(Salmonella and S.aureus)were isolated from poultr...Objective:To evaluate the presence and antibiogram pattern of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)in retail poultry meat products.Methods:Foodborne pathogens(Salmonella and S.aureus)were isolated from poultry meat and confirmed with the help of biochemical and immunological test.Antibiogram of the isolates were examined by following CLS1 methods.Results:A total number of 209 poultry meat samples were collected and studied in this study.Out of which,5.26%were found contaminated with Salmonella while 18.18%were found contaminated with S.aureus.All the Salmonella and S.aureus isolates were found resistant to at least one antibiotic.About 72.72%of the Salmonella isolates showed resistance to tetracycline,while S.aureus isolates were also found highly resistant to tetracycline equal to 44.73%.One of the Salmonella isolates showed multi-drug resistance to almost six antibiotics out of nine antibiotics used in the study.Multidrug resistant S.aureus isolates were also found in the study.Conclusions:The study confirmed the presence of Salmonella and S.aureus in retail poultry meat.It is a potential threat to consumer health.To reduce the risk of contamination,good hygiene practices are necessary from processing to storage.展开更多
[Objective] To analyze and compare the heavy metal inspection results of different livestock and poultry meat from different farms,wholesale markets,farmers' markets and supermarkets in different areas of China,in...[Objective] To analyze and compare the heavy metal inspection results of different livestock and poultry meat from different farms,wholesale markets,farmers' markets and supermarkets in different areas of China,in order to evaluate the health risks of livestock and poultry meat.[Method] A total of 10 500 samples of 5 kinds of livestock and poultry meat were collected in North China,Northeast China,East China,Central China,South China,Southwest China and Northwest China during 2015-2017.The samples were analyzed and evaluated with the method of index of food safety( IFS).[Result]the average over-standard rates of Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As in samples were 1.10%-2.48%,0.67%-2.48%,1.00%-2.57%,0.81%-1.43% and 0.43%-1.00%,respectively,and the index of food safety was less than 1.The pollution levels of Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As in livestock and poultry meat in Southwest China were higher than those in other areas,while the pollution of As in Northeast China was severer than that in other areas.The order of IFS values of different heavy metals in different livestock and poultry meat was the same.[Conclusion] The index of food safety showed that the risk of heavy metal pollution in livestock and poultry meat did not exceed the acceptable limit.展开更多
A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of meat and bone meal (MBM) and poultry by-product meal (PBM) as the replacement of fish meal in the diets on the growth performance, survival and apparent digestibility c...A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of meat and bone meal (MBM) and poultry by-product meal (PBM) as the replacement of fish meal in the diets on the growth performance, survival and apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of Litopenaeus vannamei. The basal diets were formulated with 22% fish meal and other ingredients which provided about 40% protein and 9% lipid in the diet. The experimental diets included MBM or PBM to replace 0, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% of total fish meal respectively. All diets were iso-nitrogenous and isocaloric in gross terms. The results showed that there were no significant differences (P>0.05) in growth performance and ADC among the treatments fed with the diets in which 0-60% fish meal had been replaced with MBM, while the percent weight gain (WG, %), body length gain (BLG, %) and ADC significantly decreased when the MBM was up to 80% of the fish meal. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in growth performance and ADC among all the treatments fed with the diets in which 0-80% fish meal had been replaced with PBM.展开更多
The meat quality can be influenced by many interacting factors before and after the slaughter. Currently more sustainable production systems are targeted in general, whether or not they have any effect on meat quality...The meat quality can be influenced by many interacting factors before and after the slaughter. Currently more sustainable production systems are targeted in general, whether or not they have any effect on meat quality. The sustainability is a condition of agroecology and necessarily im- plies on the animal and plant association and succession. A condition for sustainability is to minimize or even eliminate the use of inputs from processes of chemical synthesis. In the case of pigs and poultry, this is feasible by adopting production systems that allows nutria- ents recycle directly on the soil at levels that do not involve pollution. Although we have the understanding that the general principles of sustainability to be observed are universal, the solution is not simple. For each situation a vi- able alternative must be sought, depending on the social, economic, ecological and cultural realities. In tropical and subtropical climates the production of pigs and poultry outdoors can be an appropriate option. This also leads to nutria- ents recycle and promotes a better energy bal- ance of the system. Among the alternatives that can be taken to introduce differentiating factors in meat production as food is the type of pro- duction system, due to its direct impact on the meat quality. These systems have a direct in- fluence through the consumed food, by the conditions of animal wellbeing, physical activity and the environment provided. The performance and meat quality depend on the interaction of genotypes, rearing conditions, pre-slaughter handling and processing of the meat and the carcass. The influence of the rearing system on the animal performance, on the carcass and finally on the meat is the result of the interactive effects among facilities, feeding level and ge-notype used in the production systems. The production of poultry and pigs more extensively tend to get a final product with its own or- ga-noleptic characteristics, changing the meat de-fault color and content, place of fat deposi- tion and the fatty acid profile deposited on the carcass.展开更多
[Objectives]A method for the detection of monensin in poultry and livestock meat by pre-column derivatization-high performance liquid chromatography was established.[Methods]The sample was extracted with chloroform,de...[Objectives]A method for the detection of monensin in poultry and livestock meat by pre-column derivatization-high performance liquid chromatography was established.[Methods]The sample was extracted with chloroform,derivatized with trichloroacetic acid and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine,and centrifuged to obtain a purified solution.A C18 chromatographic column(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm)was used for separation with(1.5%)acetic acid water∶methanol(volume ratio)=1∶9 as the mobile phase using a DAD detector for detection,and the external standard method was adopted for peak area quantification.[Results]Monensin had good linearity in the concentration range of 5.00-200 mg/L,with the linear correlation coefficient r 2>0.999;the detection limit was 5.00 mg/kg;the relative standard deviation was smaller than 10%;and the recoveries of standard addition experiment were in the range of 75%-110%.[Conclusions]The method has the advantages of simple pretreatment operation,good derivatization effect and fast detection speed,and is suitable for detecting monensin in poultry and livestock meat.展开更多
The objective of this work is to show the effect of residual blood on the quality of chicken meat, work based on the hypothesis that increasing the concentration of residual blood would explain the observed quality de...The objective of this work is to show the effect of residual blood on the quality of chicken meat, work based on the hypothesis that increasing the concentration of residual blood would explain the observed quality degradation by several authors. Lots of chickens are killed with two different types of slaughter: Slaughter without stunning for a maximum flow of blood or bleeding perfect PS, shooting seals slight lead to keep almost all blood from the carcass or bleeding IS flawed. To prove the residual blood factors that are responsible for high pHu level and high values of (L* A* B*) in poultry, this study compares the pHu level and values of (L* A* B*) in poultry both perfectly and imperfectly bled. Samples from imperfectly bled carcasses show a high value average number of A* = 12.68 and B* = 16.85;and L* = 54.09 VS the average number of A* = 8.50 and B* = 14.43 and L* = 50.27. At 3℃ storage temperature, the average pHu of perfectly bled poultry was (5.7) which was significantly (P < 0.01) lower than the average pHu of imperfectly bled poultry (6.08). At 7℃ storage temperature, the average pHu of perfectly bled poultry was (6.07) which was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than the average pHu of imperfectly bled one (6.27). We found out the effect of season on the results of pHu measures, so we conducted aanalysis of pHu in summer and winter. Residual blood of the poultry is responsible for high values of (L* A* B*) and high values of pHu therefore the deterioration of the poultry Colour.展开更多
There are several reports on the utilisation of Moringa oleifera in poultry diets due to its essential bioactive compounds yet,little is known about its influence on Japanese quail eggs and meat qualities.Hence,the ne...There are several reports on the utilisation of Moringa oleifera in poultry diets due to its essential bioactive compounds yet,little is known about its influence on Japanese quail eggs and meat qualities.Hence,the need to examine performance,eggs and meat qualities of Japanese quail hens fed M.oleifera leaf.To achieve this,240 Japanese quail chicks were allocated to three dietary treatments:D1:control,0.0%(without M.oleifera leaf meal),D2:(0.5%M.oleifera leaf meal)and D3:(1%M.oleifera leaf meal).Data on performance,carcass,organs,eggs and meat qualities were collected and subjected to ANOVA at 0.05.Results revealed that feed consumption was lowest(2,701g)in D1 and highest(2,800g)in D2,carcass weight varied from 100-100.67g,thigh weight(12.66-13.58g)and breast weight was highest(40.41g)in D3.Liver weight was lowest(3.25g)in D1,kidney was largest(0.91g)in D3 whereas,the heart,gizzard and spleen weights ranged from 1.00-1.16g,3.08-3.50g and 0.04-0.08g,respectively.In the eggs,crude protein(10.94%),crude fat(6.71%),ash(1.36%),high-density lipoprotein(96.12mg/100g)and low-density lipoprotein(120.67mg/100g)were highest in D1.Total cholesterol(364.08mg/100g)and triglycerides(147.27mg/100g)were least in D1 and the caloric value varied from 1.46-1.47kcal/g.In the meat,crude protein(17.14%)and energy value(1.96kcal/g)were best in D2 but,crude fat(12.62%),ash(2.85%)and carbohydrates(1.31%)were superior in D3.In both eggs and meat,no crude fibre(0.0%)was detected.In any case,all the parameter values were within the normal ranges given in healthy Japanese quails at similar age.Consequently,addition of M.oleifera leaf meal at 1.0%to Japanese quail diets might not depress performance,affect carcass quality,cause organs dysfunctions but may improve nutritional quality of the eggs and meat.展开更多
基金Supported by University of Balochistan,Quetta,Pakistan(award letter:No.Reg/133/08)the Asian Institute of Technology,Thailand
文摘Objective:To evaluate the presence and antibiogram pattern of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)in retail poultry meat products.Methods:Foodborne pathogens(Salmonella and S.aureus)were isolated from poultry meat and confirmed with the help of biochemical and immunological test.Antibiogram of the isolates were examined by following CLS1 methods.Results:A total number of 209 poultry meat samples were collected and studied in this study.Out of which,5.26%were found contaminated with Salmonella while 18.18%were found contaminated with S.aureus.All the Salmonella and S.aureus isolates were found resistant to at least one antibiotic.About 72.72%of the Salmonella isolates showed resistance to tetracycline,while S.aureus isolates were also found highly resistant to tetracycline equal to 44.73%.One of the Salmonella isolates showed multi-drug resistance to almost six antibiotics out of nine antibiotics used in the study.Multidrug resistant S.aureus isolates were also found in the study.Conclusions:The study confirmed the presence of Salmonella and S.aureus in retail poultry meat.It is a potential threat to consumer health.To reduce the risk of contamination,good hygiene practices are necessary from processing to storage.
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC1601800)
文摘[Objective] To analyze and compare the heavy metal inspection results of different livestock and poultry meat from different farms,wholesale markets,farmers' markets and supermarkets in different areas of China,in order to evaluate the health risks of livestock and poultry meat.[Method] A total of 10 500 samples of 5 kinds of livestock and poultry meat were collected in North China,Northeast China,East China,Central China,South China,Southwest China and Northwest China during 2015-2017.The samples were analyzed and evaluated with the method of index of food safety( IFS).[Result]the average over-standard rates of Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As in samples were 1.10%-2.48%,0.67%-2.48%,1.00%-2.57%,0.81%-1.43% and 0.43%-1.00%,respectively,and the index of food safety was less than 1.The pollution levels of Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As in livestock and poultry meat in Southwest China were higher than those in other areas,while the pollution of As in Northeast China was severer than that in other areas.The order of IFS values of different heavy metals in different livestock and poultry meat was the same.[Conclusion] The index of food safety showed that the risk of heavy metal pollution in livestock and poultry meat did not exceed the acceptable limit.
文摘A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of meat and bone meal (MBM) and poultry by-product meal (PBM) as the replacement of fish meal in the diets on the growth performance, survival and apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of Litopenaeus vannamei. The basal diets were formulated with 22% fish meal and other ingredients which provided about 40% protein and 9% lipid in the diet. The experimental diets included MBM or PBM to replace 0, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% of total fish meal respectively. All diets were iso-nitrogenous and isocaloric in gross terms. The results showed that there were no significant differences (P>0.05) in growth performance and ADC among the treatments fed with the diets in which 0-60% fish meal had been replaced with MBM, while the percent weight gain (WG, %), body length gain (BLG, %) and ADC significantly decreased when the MBM was up to 80% of the fish meal. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in growth performance and ADC among all the treatments fed with the diets in which 0-80% fish meal had been replaced with PBM.
文摘The meat quality can be influenced by many interacting factors before and after the slaughter. Currently more sustainable production systems are targeted in general, whether or not they have any effect on meat quality. The sustainability is a condition of agroecology and necessarily im- plies on the animal and plant association and succession. A condition for sustainability is to minimize or even eliminate the use of inputs from processes of chemical synthesis. In the case of pigs and poultry, this is feasible by adopting production systems that allows nutria- ents recycle directly on the soil at levels that do not involve pollution. Although we have the understanding that the general principles of sustainability to be observed are universal, the solution is not simple. For each situation a vi- able alternative must be sought, depending on the social, economic, ecological and cultural realities. In tropical and subtropical climates the production of pigs and poultry outdoors can be an appropriate option. This also leads to nutria- ents recycle and promotes a better energy bal- ance of the system. Among the alternatives that can be taken to introduce differentiating factors in meat production as food is the type of pro- duction system, due to its direct impact on the meat quality. These systems have a direct in- fluence through the consumed food, by the conditions of animal wellbeing, physical activity and the environment provided. The performance and meat quality depend on the interaction of genotypes, rearing conditions, pre-slaughter handling and processing of the meat and the carcass. The influence of the rearing system on the animal performance, on the carcass and finally on the meat is the result of the interactive effects among facilities, feeding level and ge-notype used in the production systems. The production of poultry and pigs more extensively tend to get a final product with its own or- ga-noleptic characteristics, changing the meat de-fault color and content, place of fat deposi- tion and the fatty acid profile deposited on the carcass.
文摘[Objectives]A method for the detection of monensin in poultry and livestock meat by pre-column derivatization-high performance liquid chromatography was established.[Methods]The sample was extracted with chloroform,derivatized with trichloroacetic acid and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine,and centrifuged to obtain a purified solution.A C18 chromatographic column(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm)was used for separation with(1.5%)acetic acid water∶methanol(volume ratio)=1∶9 as the mobile phase using a DAD detector for detection,and the external standard method was adopted for peak area quantification.[Results]Monensin had good linearity in the concentration range of 5.00-200 mg/L,with the linear correlation coefficient r 2>0.999;the detection limit was 5.00 mg/kg;the relative standard deviation was smaller than 10%;and the recoveries of standard addition experiment were in the range of 75%-110%.[Conclusions]The method has the advantages of simple pretreatment operation,good derivatization effect and fast detection speed,and is suitable for detecting monensin in poultry and livestock meat.
文摘The objective of this work is to show the effect of residual blood on the quality of chicken meat, work based on the hypothesis that increasing the concentration of residual blood would explain the observed quality degradation by several authors. Lots of chickens are killed with two different types of slaughter: Slaughter without stunning for a maximum flow of blood or bleeding perfect PS, shooting seals slight lead to keep almost all blood from the carcass or bleeding IS flawed. To prove the residual blood factors that are responsible for high pHu level and high values of (L* A* B*) in poultry, this study compares the pHu level and values of (L* A* B*) in poultry both perfectly and imperfectly bled. Samples from imperfectly bled carcasses show a high value average number of A* = 12.68 and B* = 16.85;and L* = 54.09 VS the average number of A* = 8.50 and B* = 14.43 and L* = 50.27. At 3℃ storage temperature, the average pHu of perfectly bled poultry was (5.7) which was significantly (P < 0.01) lower than the average pHu of imperfectly bled poultry (6.08). At 7℃ storage temperature, the average pHu of perfectly bled poultry was (6.07) which was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than the average pHu of imperfectly bled one (6.27). We found out the effect of season on the results of pHu measures, so we conducted aanalysis of pHu in summer and winter. Residual blood of the poultry is responsible for high values of (L* A* B*) and high values of pHu therefore the deterioration of the poultry Colour.
文摘There are several reports on the utilisation of Moringa oleifera in poultry diets due to its essential bioactive compounds yet,little is known about its influence on Japanese quail eggs and meat qualities.Hence,the need to examine performance,eggs and meat qualities of Japanese quail hens fed M.oleifera leaf.To achieve this,240 Japanese quail chicks were allocated to three dietary treatments:D1:control,0.0%(without M.oleifera leaf meal),D2:(0.5%M.oleifera leaf meal)and D3:(1%M.oleifera leaf meal).Data on performance,carcass,organs,eggs and meat qualities were collected and subjected to ANOVA at 0.05.Results revealed that feed consumption was lowest(2,701g)in D1 and highest(2,800g)in D2,carcass weight varied from 100-100.67g,thigh weight(12.66-13.58g)and breast weight was highest(40.41g)in D3.Liver weight was lowest(3.25g)in D1,kidney was largest(0.91g)in D3 whereas,the heart,gizzard and spleen weights ranged from 1.00-1.16g,3.08-3.50g and 0.04-0.08g,respectively.In the eggs,crude protein(10.94%),crude fat(6.71%),ash(1.36%),high-density lipoprotein(96.12mg/100g)and low-density lipoprotein(120.67mg/100g)were highest in D1.Total cholesterol(364.08mg/100g)and triglycerides(147.27mg/100g)were least in D1 and the caloric value varied from 1.46-1.47kcal/g.In the meat,crude protein(17.14%)and energy value(1.96kcal/g)were best in D2 but,crude fat(12.62%),ash(2.85%)and carbohydrates(1.31%)were superior in D3.In both eggs and meat,no crude fibre(0.0%)was detected.In any case,all the parameter values were within the normal ranges given in healthy Japanese quails at similar age.Consequently,addition of M.oleifera leaf meal at 1.0%to Japanese quail diets might not depress performance,affect carcass quality,cause organs dysfunctions but may improve nutritional quality of the eggs and meat.
