The Global Research Progress of Enzymatic Processing of Oils with Omega 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

This paper has reviewed that Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), as an essential fatty acids (EFAs), mainly come from fish oil of marine products, has positive effects on treatment and/or prevention of several diseases. In this review, the recent developments by 2019 in the field of enzymatic modification of oils rich in omega 3 PUFAs have summarized. Several different products, such as structured lipids with a variety of FA compositions, nutritional aspects, omega 3 PUFA concentrates and phospholipids,have discussed from the point of process technology as well as possible applications. Enhancing omega 3 PUFA content in diet involves a number of strategies aiming to modify the content of such FAs in fats and oils. Due to the mild reaction conditions used, especially the lipase specificity, the position as well as content of omega 3 PUFAs in lipid molecules being of importance from the point of bioavailability, enzymatic processing of omega 3 PUFA oil is safe, efficient and preferred over chemical treatments.

Concentration of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid glycerides by Candida antarctica lipase A-catalyzed selective methanolysis

n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-3 PUFA)have biologically important functions in human beings,but their contents in natural oils are usually low.This study investigated the concentration of n-3 PUFA-enriched glycerides by Candida antarctica lipase A(CAL-A)-catalyzed selective methanolysis of algal oil.First,lipases and acyl acceptors were screened.Subsequently,the methanolysis conditions including methanol concentration in aqueous solution,molar ratio of methanol to oil,reaction temperature,lipase loading and reaction time,were optimized.The results indicated that CAL-A could effectively identify n-3 PUFA during methanolysis.Saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids were released from algal oil by CAL-A-catalyzed methanolysis,causing the production of n-3 PUFA-enriched glycerides.Under optimal conditions(3:1 of molar ratio of methanol to algal oil,20%methanol aqueous solution,6%CAL-A dosage,25℃,18 h),the n-3 PUFA content increased from the initial 45.96%to 73.96%,with an n-3 PUFA yield of 81.76%.The reusability of CAL-A demonstrated that under optimal conditions the lipase could be used for 8 times.Therefore,this enzymatic process is efficient for synthesis of n-3 PUFA-enriched glycerides.