The aim of this study was to investigate whether punicalagin(PU)could prevent obesity-related cardiac dysfunction by promoting DNA demethy lation,and to explore its possible mechanism.C57BL/6J mice were fed with stand...The aim of this study was to investigate whether punicalagin(PU)could prevent obesity-related cardiac dysfunction by promoting DNA demethy lation,and to explore its possible mechanism.C57BL/6J mice were fed with standard diet,high-fat diet(HFD),HFD supplemented with resveratrol,low-dose PU(LPU)and high-dose PU(HPU)for 8 weeks.Compared with HFD group,body weight was significantly lower in PU treatment groups,number of cardionwocytes and the protein level of myosin heavy chain 7B were significantly higher in PU treatment groups.Levels of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and 5-formylcytosine were significantly lower in HFD group than in other groups.Compared with the HFD group,the protein level of ten-eleven translocation enzyme(TET)2 was significantly higher in PU treatment groups,p-AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)was significantly higher in LPU group.Levels of total antioxidant capacity and the protein levels of complexesⅡ/Ⅲ/Ⅴ,oxoglutarate dehydrogenase,succinate dehydrogenase B and fumarate hdrolase were significantly lower in HFD group than PU treatment group.The ratio of(succinic acid+fumaric acid)/a-ketoglutarate was significantly higher in HFD group than other groups.In conclusion,PU up-regulated TETs enzyme activities and TET2 protein stability through alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction and activating AMPK,so as to promote DNA demethylation,thus preventing obesity-related cardiac dysfunction.展开更多
Plant polyphenols are reported to have bioactive properties, which may be used for protection against diseases. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate the antioxidant activities of a pomegranate tannin...Plant polyphenols are reported to have bioactive properties, which may be used for protection against diseases. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate the antioxidant activities of a pomegranate tannin polyphenol compound, punicalagin and pomegranate juice. The presence of punicalagin in pomegranate husk (US) and pomegranate juice (US & UK) was compared with a punicalagin standard using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) which are highly sensitive and selective analytical methods for the separation and identification of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins. Antioxidant mechanisms involving DPPH radical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, ferrous chelating and reducing ability were also studied on pomegranate juice and standard punicalagin. The present study shows a high degree of similarity of HPLC and LC-MS results between the punicalagin commercial standard (Sigma Aldrich) and US pomegranate husk extracted with methanol. In contrast, in the methanol juice extract obtained from US and UK, higher hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity was achieved by 0.1 mg/ml from both punicalagin and pomegranate juice when compared with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) or trolox (p ≤ 0.01). Punicalagin and pomegranate juice exhibited ferrous chelating ability significantly lower than Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. These findings confirmed that punicalagin was present in pomegranate husk compared to pomegranate juice, as measured using a punicalagin standard. The antioxidant mechanism experiments concluded that, the pomegranate juice has a significantly higher radical scavenging activity in comparison with punicalagin (p ≤ 0.01). However, punicalagin showed significant ferrous chelating activity and reducing power ability in a dose-dependent manner as compared with pomegranate juice.展开更多
Pomegranates is abundant in polyphenols and is well-known for its antioxidant activity. Punicalagin(PG) is a major polyphenolic compound in the pomegranate peel. In certain conditions, PG can be hydrolyzed to punicall...Pomegranates is abundant in polyphenols and is well-known for its antioxidant activity. Punicalagin(PG) is a major polyphenolic compound in the pomegranate peel. In certain conditions, PG can be hydrolyzed to punicallin(PL) and ellagic acid(EA), and PL can be further hydrolyzed to EA. PG, PL, and EA all play important roles in the antioxidant activity of pomegranate peels. This study was conducted to compare the in vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo anti-oxidative stress effects of PG, PL, and EA. For the in vitro test, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical(DPPH·) and superoxide anion(O_2^(-.)) scavenging capacities, ferric-reducing antioxidant power(FRAP), and lipid peroxidation(LPO) inhibition capacities of PG, PL, and EA were tested. For the in vivo test, oxidatively stressed mice, which were induced by oxidized fish oil, were administrated PG, PL or EA(10 mg kg^(–1 )d ^(–1)) for 21 days. The results showed that the in vitro antioxidant activity trends were EA>PG>PL>Trolox in scavenging DPPH?, PG>PL>EA≈Trolox in scavenging O_2^(-.), EA>PG≈PL>Trolox in FRAP, and Trolox>PG>EA>PL in LPO inhibition. In the in vivo test, the EA treatment increased the average daily weight gain and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC) in the plasma(P<0.05), liver(P<0.05), and intestine(P<0.05) in oxidatively stressed mice. It increased the superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity in the liver(P<0.05) and intestine(P<0.05). It increased the glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity in the intestine(P<0.05) and the intestinal villus height to crypt depth ratio(P<0.05). EA treatment decreased the malondialdehyde(MDA) content in the plasma(P<0.05), liver(P<0.05), and intestine(P<0.05) and the mRNA expressions of the pro-inflammatory factors, TNF-α(P<0.05), IFN-γ(P<0.05) and IL-6(P<0.05). PL increased the SOD(P<0.05) and GSH-Px activities(P<0.05) in the intestine and decreased the MDA content(P<0.05) and the mRNA expressions of TNF-α(P<0.05) and IL-6(P<0.05) in the intestine. PG increased the SOD activity(P<0.05) and GSH-Px activity(P<0.05) in the intestine and decreased the MDA content in the intestine(P<0.05) and IL-6 mRNA expression in the intestine(P<0.05). In summary, EA, PL, and PG all had powerful in vitro antioxidant capacities, and they had different antioxidant advantages in acting against different types of radicals; EA was more effective than PL and PG in protecting against oxidative injury in vivo, especially for intestinal injury. These findings suggest that multiple polyphenol compounds in pomegranate peel may exert superior antioxidant activity than single purified polyphenols; when using pomegranate peels as health-promoting additive in animal feed, raising EA content by methods of hydrolysis or fermentation in advance could achieve better effects.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2020QH294 and ZR2021QH342)。
文摘The aim of this study was to investigate whether punicalagin(PU)could prevent obesity-related cardiac dysfunction by promoting DNA demethy lation,and to explore its possible mechanism.C57BL/6J mice were fed with standard diet,high-fat diet(HFD),HFD supplemented with resveratrol,low-dose PU(LPU)and high-dose PU(HPU)for 8 weeks.Compared with HFD group,body weight was significantly lower in PU treatment groups,number of cardionwocytes and the protein level of myosin heavy chain 7B were significantly higher in PU treatment groups.Levels of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and 5-formylcytosine were significantly lower in HFD group than in other groups.Compared with the HFD group,the protein level of ten-eleven translocation enzyme(TET)2 was significantly higher in PU treatment groups,p-AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)was significantly higher in LPU group.Levels of total antioxidant capacity and the protein levels of complexesⅡ/Ⅲ/Ⅴ,oxoglutarate dehydrogenase,succinate dehydrogenase B and fumarate hdrolase were significantly lower in HFD group than PU treatment group.The ratio of(succinic acid+fumaric acid)/a-ketoglutarate was significantly higher in HFD group than other groups.In conclusion,PU up-regulated TETs enzyme activities and TET2 protein stability through alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction and activating AMPK,so as to promote DNA demethylation,thus preventing obesity-related cardiac dysfunction.
文摘Plant polyphenols are reported to have bioactive properties, which may be used for protection against diseases. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate the antioxidant activities of a pomegranate tannin polyphenol compound, punicalagin and pomegranate juice. The presence of punicalagin in pomegranate husk (US) and pomegranate juice (US & UK) was compared with a punicalagin standard using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) which are highly sensitive and selective analytical methods for the separation and identification of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins. Antioxidant mechanisms involving DPPH radical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, ferrous chelating and reducing ability were also studied on pomegranate juice and standard punicalagin. The present study shows a high degree of similarity of HPLC and LC-MS results between the punicalagin commercial standard (Sigma Aldrich) and US pomegranate husk extracted with methanol. In contrast, in the methanol juice extract obtained from US and UK, higher hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity was achieved by 0.1 mg/ml from both punicalagin and pomegranate juice when compared with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) or trolox (p ≤ 0.01). Punicalagin and pomegranate juice exhibited ferrous chelating ability significantly lower than Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. These findings confirmed that punicalagin was present in pomegranate husk compared to pomegranate juice, as measured using a punicalagin standard. The antioxidant mechanism experiments concluded that, the pomegranate juice has a significantly higher radical scavenging activity in comparison with punicalagin (p ≤ 0.01). However, punicalagin showed significant ferrous chelating activity and reducing power ability in a dose-dependent manner as compared with pomegranate juice.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province, China (2012C12906-4)the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System of China (CARS-36)+1 种基金the National Key Technology R&D Program, China (2012BAD39B03-4)Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest, China (201403047)
文摘Pomegranates is abundant in polyphenols and is well-known for its antioxidant activity. Punicalagin(PG) is a major polyphenolic compound in the pomegranate peel. In certain conditions, PG can be hydrolyzed to punicallin(PL) and ellagic acid(EA), and PL can be further hydrolyzed to EA. PG, PL, and EA all play important roles in the antioxidant activity of pomegranate peels. This study was conducted to compare the in vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo anti-oxidative stress effects of PG, PL, and EA. For the in vitro test, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical(DPPH·) and superoxide anion(O_2^(-.)) scavenging capacities, ferric-reducing antioxidant power(FRAP), and lipid peroxidation(LPO) inhibition capacities of PG, PL, and EA were tested. For the in vivo test, oxidatively stressed mice, which were induced by oxidized fish oil, were administrated PG, PL or EA(10 mg kg^(–1 )d ^(–1)) for 21 days. The results showed that the in vitro antioxidant activity trends were EA>PG>PL>Trolox in scavenging DPPH?, PG>PL>EA≈Trolox in scavenging O_2^(-.), EA>PG≈PL>Trolox in FRAP, and Trolox>PG>EA>PL in LPO inhibition. In the in vivo test, the EA treatment increased the average daily weight gain and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC) in the plasma(P<0.05), liver(P<0.05), and intestine(P<0.05) in oxidatively stressed mice. It increased the superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity in the liver(P<0.05) and intestine(P<0.05). It increased the glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity in the intestine(P<0.05) and the intestinal villus height to crypt depth ratio(P<0.05). EA treatment decreased the malondialdehyde(MDA) content in the plasma(P<0.05), liver(P<0.05), and intestine(P<0.05) and the mRNA expressions of the pro-inflammatory factors, TNF-α(P<0.05), IFN-γ(P<0.05) and IL-6(P<0.05). PL increased the SOD(P<0.05) and GSH-Px activities(P<0.05) in the intestine and decreased the MDA content(P<0.05) and the mRNA expressions of TNF-α(P<0.05) and IL-6(P<0.05) in the intestine. PG increased the SOD activity(P<0.05) and GSH-Px activity(P<0.05) in the intestine and decreased the MDA content in the intestine(P<0.05) and IL-6 mRNA expression in the intestine(P<0.05). In summary, EA, PL, and PG all had powerful in vitro antioxidant capacities, and they had different antioxidant advantages in acting against different types of radicals; EA was more effective than PL and PG in protecting against oxidative injury in vivo, especially for intestinal injury. These findings suggest that multiple polyphenol compounds in pomegranate peel may exert superior antioxidant activity than single purified polyphenols; when using pomegranate peels as health-promoting additive in animal feed, raising EA content by methods of hydrolysis or fermentation in advance could achieve better effects.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China Grants 81125005 and 81430027 （to F.S.）, the National Basic Research Program of China （2014CB943100）.
