Inverter Power Stage Connected with PV-Grid

This paper focuses on the design of the inverter power stage connected with PV-grid which supports the contrived PV system. The increased number of grid connected photovoltaic (PV) inverters gave rise to problems concerning the stability and safety of the utility grid, as well as power quality issues. The proposed systems can overcome these issues and improve standard regulation methods for gird connected PV inverter. The maximum available voltage in the PV string is tracked by the power stage which has been planned and designed in such a way. The tracked voltage is boosted then. The important components to voltage source inverter (VSI) are boost inductor and input capacitor which are calculated. To get a clear sinusoidal output phase voltage of 230 V from a DC capacitance bus projected to deal with 400 V, the important inverter stage parameters have been planned and modeled in Mat lab. Each block stage of the converter is easily understandable by the Simlink of the dual stage DC-AC converter explanation. The control schemes which have been proposed would compromise with the inverter power stage which forms the neat grid system. The existing renewable energy sources in the laboratory are integrated by the proposed control.

Research and Design of Inverter Applied in Solar PV Systems Connected to Distribution Grid

This paper presents the results of research on the application of inverter in the grid connected solar photovoltaics (PV) system. The main content of the article is to control the three-phase grid connected inverter to meet the requirement of controlling the reactive power to zero at a node of the distribution network while maximizing the active power transmitted to the grid. The control circuits are synthesized on the dq coordinate system and verified on the simulation model by Matlab/Simulink. Both simulation and experimental prototype on 5 kW inverter, being connected to low voltage grid, have been built to show the good results and the practical readiness for implementation.

Study and Design of a DC/AC Energy Converter for PV System Connected to the Grid Using Harmonic Selected Eliminated (HSE) Approach

Nowadays, distributing network-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems are expanded by merging a PV system and a Direct Current (DC)/Alternating Current (AC) energy converter. DC/AC conversion of PV energy is in great demand for AC applications. The supply of electrical machines and transfer energy to the distribution network is a typical case. In this work, we study and design a DC/AC energy converter using harmonic selective eliminated (HSE) method. To this end, we have combined two power stages connected in derivation. Each power stage is constituted of transistors and transformers. The connection by switching of the two rectangular waves, delivered by each of the stages, makes it possible to create a quasi-sinusoidal output voltage of the inverter. Mathematical equations based on the current-voltage characteristics of the inverter have been developed. The simulation model was validated using experimental data from a 25.2 kWp grid-coupled (PV) system, connected to Gridfit type inverters. The data were exported and implemented in programming software. A good agreement was observed and this shows all the robustness and the technical performances of the energy converter device. It emerges from this analysis that the inverter output voltage and the phase angle thus simulated are very important to control in order to orientate the transfer of the power flow from the continuous cell to cell to the alternating part. Simulated and field-testing results also show that increases in the value of the modulation factor (m) for low power output are highly significant. This study is an important tool for DC/AC inverter designers during initial planning stages. A short presentation of the design model of the inverter has been proposed in this article.

Proposal of New PCCS Method for PCS in a PV Generation System

This paper proposes a new peak current control switching(PCCS)method for single-phase inverter in photovoltaic(PV)generation system.This method minimizes the difference between a peak current and the current command with a constant switching frequency.In this paper,the principle and the simulation results of the proposed method are described.In this paper,the principle and the simulated transient characteristics of this PCCS method are described.From the results,it is clarified that the proposed switching method is effective.

A SRF-PLL Control Scheme for DVR to Achieve Grid Synchronization and PQ Issues Mitigation in PV Fed Grid Connected System

This paper presents the Synchronous Reference Frame Theory (SRF) based Phase Locked Loop (PLL) to enhance the performance of Dynamic Voltage Controller (DVR). In a grid connected power conversion system, a critical component is the Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) that generates the grid voltage’s frequency and phase angle for the grid synchronization. For grid voltage control, accurate and fast responding PLLs are required to provide phase angle and frequency measurements of the grid voltage. Therefore, SRF based PLL is presented in this work and it calculates the phase angle accurately and effectively. This paper also presents a novel feedback mechanism for SRF-PLL which uses the estimated frequency and phase to achieve grid control. The fundamental signal of the grid voltage is extracted by low pass filter and a unit value controller to generate a unity sine reference signal for the feedback network. In particular, the performance of the SRF-PLL in the three-phase PV fed grid connected system is analyzed under the different power quality issues such as voltage sag and swell. In addition, a detailed study on synchronous reference frame theory is presented. An appropriate control algorithm for DVR is developed and the validity of the proposed configuration is verified through MATLAB simulation results as well as experimental results under different operating conditions.

基于需求响应的家庭负荷优化调度算法研究

为提升电力需求侧负荷需求响应能力,降低家庭用户的用电成本和电网日负荷曲线峰谷差,提出一种基于改进多目标粒子群算法的家庭负荷优化调度策略。首先,分析家庭负荷的运行特性并对其分类建模,采用功率平衡和储能充放电功率为约束,建立以用电成本和负荷峰值平均功率比为目标的负荷优化调度模型;其次,以自适应惯性权重和均值欧氏距离等策略对多目标粒子群算法进行改进,并用改进算法对建立的模型进行优化求解;最后,用实际算例进行仿真,验证所提模型和算法的可行性与有效性,为用户参与需求响应提供了多种参考方案。

单相不间断电源逆变电路调制度对输出电压谐波的影响

详细分析单相不间断电源核心部分(逆变电路)的特点、类型、评价指标及控制方式,然后采用广泛应用的单相双极性正弦脉冲宽度调制法的全桥逆变电路作为研究对象,导出了逆变电路输出平均电压的表达式,采用仿真和理论相结合的方法讨论了频率调制度和幅值调制度的典型取值对输出电压谐波的影响.讨论结果表明,当载波频率为调制波频率的奇数倍时,取幅值调制度r=0.9左右,而当载波频率为调制波频率的偶数倍时,取幅值调制度r=0.5左右,此时输出逆变电压波形质量更好,谐波含量较小,对于改善逆变电路的设计和参数选择具有一定的参考价值.

一种新型PV/T复合系统电、热性能对比研究

为提高光伏光热一体化系统(PV/T)能量输出,将新型铝合金背板型光伏组件和自行设计制作的不锈钢扁盒流道集热板相结合,用导热硅胶加以粘接构成新型PV/T复合系统。将新型PV/T复合系统、常规TPT背板光伏组件、常规平板集热器至于同于工况下进行测试,测试结果表明,与TPT光伏组件相比,新型PV/T系统的电压约提升了0.5～1.5V,电转换效率、填充因子、输出功率及发电量平均提高了9.76%、1.49%、3.75%、4.02%。而复合系统热效率比常规平板集热器约低22%左右。相对于常规TPT光伏系统或自然循环平板集热器热水系统,新型PV/T系统有发电量高、占地面积小、综合性能效率高等优点。

弱电网下光伏并网逆变器谐振抑制方法综述

“双碳”目标背景下电力系统形成“高比例可再生能源”和“高比例电力电子设备”的“双高”趋势,以致电网呈现弱电网特性。弱电网下电网阻抗实时变化,导致光伏并网逆变器谐振频率偏移、逆变器集群多谐振峰等稳定性问题。针对光伏并网逆变器在弱电网下最新的谐振抑制方法尚未得到系统地归纳总结,从弱电网下逆变器单元谐振抑制方法和逆变器集群谐振抑制方法两方面综述“双高”电力系统下光伏并网逆变器谐振抑制热点控制方法,为光伏并网逆变器的稳定性提升指明发展方向。

抑制DPVG接入低压配电网电压波动的方法

为抑制分布式光伏(DPVG)接入低压配电网产生的电压波动,提出一种有功无功协调控制策略。根据DPVG接入低压配电网等效电路,分析并网点电压波动机理;结合抑制电压波动要求给出并网逆变器的功率调节范围;提出一种逆变器PQ参考值设置方案,并结合PQ功率解耦实现有功无功协调控制。搭建仿真模型,针对晴天、多云、阴天、小雨4种天气类型进行验证。结果表明,该方法能有效抑制DPVG接入配电网产生的电压波动。

提高光伏发电经济性关键设计要点分析

我国光伏产业近年迎来迅猛发展,在新能源平价上网的规定要求下,如何提高光伏发电的经济性一直是各界关注焦点。光伏发电经济效益主要受初始投资、发电量、运维成本等因素影响。文章结合光伏电站平准化度电成本原则和方法,重点对影响光伏电站发电量的因素进行分析,提出为确保光伏电站经济效益最大化,需要结合项目特点,对光伏组件、逆变器等关键设备选择及容配比设置等关键设计要点进行综合全面的对比研究,从而得出最优的设计方案。以某100MW山地光伏发电项目为例,分析对比结果为:相同边界条件下,N型光伏组件转化效率、经济性优于P型组件,组串式逆变器的度电成本优于集中式,光伏电站度电成本随着容配比例提高出现先降后升趋势。

一种单级式高频隔离光伏并网逆变器及其调制方法

针对光伏并网系统中可实现双向功率流的单级式高频隔离逆变器,提出一种调制方法,结合电压钳位技术,解决了传统高频隔离光伏并网逆变器变压器二次侧的电压尖峰和振荡问题。该逆变器为两级功率变换,对其工作过程及原理进行详细分析,建立等效电路模型,并推导出该逆变器的数学模型。为弥补传统多谐振控制器的不足,研究一种针对单级式高频隔离光伏并网逆变器的相位补偿的多谐振控制器,在单级式结构中完成最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)和对并网电流的精确控制。最后对所提高频隔离光伏并网逆变器的调制方法及其控制策略进行实验验证。

一种单相Quasi-Z源逆变器二次谐波电流抑制策略

为抑制单相qZSI直流侧二次谐波电流,提出一种基于虚拟阻抗的二次谐波电流抑制策略。该控制策略通过引入串联虚拟阻抗附加控制以提高单相qZSI在2f_(0)处的闭环输出阻抗,用以有效抑制直流侧的二次谐波电流。同时,综合考虑二次谐波电流抑制要求以及保证系统稳定裕度等约束条件,提出该控制策略的闭环参数设计方法。最后通过数字仿真和基于RT-LAB的硬件在环仿真验证了所提二次谐波电流抑制策略以及其闭环参数设计方法的正确性。

融合储能的光伏发电系统并网逆变器建模与稳定性分析

以新能源为主体的新型电力系统中,大量电力电子器件接入系统,导致其暂态行为改变且拓扑结构状态变量阶数变高。针对上述问题,基于下垂控制方法建立了融合储能的光伏发电系统并网逆变器模型,采用奇异摄动降阶理论与变量梯度法构建了其李雅普诺夫函数。然后,将构建的李雅普诺夫函数与等面积法则相结合,分析了储能系统的接入对新能源系统功角稳定的影响,同时验证了储能系统对光伏系统出力支撑以及出力波动的抑制能力。最后,基于Matlab仿真结果对融合储能的新能源系统特性进行了分析和验证。

不同风光水配比下多类型电源打捆直流外送系统的功率传输能力研究

风光水打捆经电网换相换流器高压直流输电(line commutated converter based high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)外送系统中,风光水配比不同会影响系统的功率传输能力。文章首先建立风光水打捆直流外送系统的稳态数学模型和状态空间模型,然后提出综合考虑稳态运行约束条件和小信号稳定性约束条件的系统功率传输能力计算方法及流程,掌握不同功率水平下系统稳定运行区域及边界的变化特征,最终得到不同水电出力下的直流外送系统功率传输范围、特定传输功率下所允许的水电出力最小值、风光配比与小信号稳定性的定量关系。通过该方法定量评估风光水配比不同时直流外送系统的功率传输能力,从而优化选取风光水配比。结果表明,水电出力较小时,系统传输功率上限受小信号稳定性制约,下限受电压偏移约束制约;水电出力较大时,系统传输功率上限受LCC-HVDC安全运行约束制约,下限受逆变侧电压偏移、系统潮流约束制约;在功率运行点不变时,风光配比平衡工况系统更加稳定。最后,通过PSCAD/EMTDC下的电磁暂态仿真,验证上述功率传输能力理论计算的正确性。

物流园区光伏发电系统设计要点

结合某物流园区工程实际案例,分析项目太阳能资源及消纳条件,从光伏发电系统设计中并网方案比选、并网电压等级选择、光伏阵列计算与逆变器选型、逆变器容配比选择、并网升压站变压器容量计算等方面,探讨光伏发电系统设计要点。

商业建筑分布式光伏发电系统设计探讨

结合项目实例,介绍某商业建筑屋面分布式光伏发电系统电气设计内容,从光伏相关主要设备选择、光伏阵列设计,到如何实现0.4 kV低压并网接入原有配电系统,并结合现场实际完善系统的防雷接地,最后通过修正综合效率系数,估算发电量。

内蒙古自治区巴彦淖尔市工业园区风光储一体化项目容量配比研究

为探究风光储一体化项目各部分的最佳容量配比,以内蒙古自治区巴彦淖尔市某工业园区为例,基于园区新增负荷和风能、太阳能资源,计算得出风电和光伏发电的全年逐时及逐月典型日的输出功率曲线,然后在满足园区新增负荷用电需求的条件下,得出风电和光伏发电容量配比方案。鉴于风电和光伏发电的间歇性和波动性,引入储能以平滑输出功率曲线,实现了风光联合发电的发电量曲线与园区新增负荷用电量曲线的变化趋势相匹配。为提高园区的绿电替代率并降低风光联合发电弃电量,通过分析不同容量配比对风光联合发电消纳和绿电替代率的影响,得到最佳容量配比方案。可为内蒙古自治区工业园区风光储一体化项目提供一种有效的容量配比计算方法,有助于优化项目运行效率并推动绿色能源的广泛应用。

基于t检验的光伏电站中能效异常光伏组件识别研究

由于目前光伏电站能效指标缺乏具体的应用方式,光伏组件发电效率优劣的界限模糊,且光伏电站在正常运行中光伏组件I-V特性曲线难以获取,导致目前识别异常光伏组件的方法难以应用到实际光伏电站中。基于此,利用光伏组件能效比服从正态分布的特点,提出了一种基于t检验的光伏电站中能效异常光伏组件的识别方法,对光伏组件实际能效比与理论能效比之差进行假设检验,并结合实际光伏电站进行实验验证。研究结果表明:该方法可以有效识别异常光伏组件,可为光伏电站的运维提供数据支持。