Indirect Vector Control of Linear Induction Motors Using Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation

Vector control schemes have recently been used to drive linear induction motors(LIM)in high-performance applications.This trend promotes the development of precise and efficient control schemes for individual motors.This research aims to present a novel framework for speed and thrust force control of LIM using space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM)inverters.The framework under consideration is developed in four stages.To begin,MATLAB Simulink was used to develop a detailed mathematical and electromechanical dynamicmodel.The research presents a modified SVPWM inverter control scheme.By tuning the proportional-integral(PI)controller with a transfer function,optimized values for the PI controller are derived.All the subsystems mentioned above are integrated to create a robust simulation of the LIM’s precise speed and thrust force control scheme.The reference speed values were chosen to evaluate the performance of the respective system,and the developed system’s response was verified using various data sets.For the low-speed range,a reference value of 10m/s is used,while a reference value of 100 m/s is used for the high-speed range.The speed output response indicates that themotor reached reference speed in amatter of seconds,as the delay time is between 8 and 10 s.The maximum amplitude of thrust achieved is less than 400N,demonstrating the controller’s capability to control a high-speed LIM with minimal thrust ripple.Due to the controlled speed range,the developed system is highly recommended for low-speed and high-speed and heavy-duty traction applications.

A Pulse Width Modulation Scheme With Zero-sequence Voltage Injection for Single Phase Three-level NPC Rectifiers

直流侧中点电位电压偏移是多电平中性点钳位型变流器的主要缺点。以单相三电平NPC整流器为研究对象，以实现直流侧中点电位无漂移为控制目标，以传统的单相三电平单极性载波脉宽调制方法为基础，首先提出一种基于零序电压分量注入的载波脉宽调制算法；然后在此基础上给出基于零序电压分量极限值注入的载波脉宽调制算法；并给出这2种方法的零序电压分量的设计方案；最后，对这2种方法进行了详细的理论分析、计算机仿真和1kW样机实验对比验证。研究结果表明：所提出的2种算法都能有效实现直流侧中点电位平衡控制，其中基于零序电压分量极限值注入的载波调制算法的中点电位控制具有更快动态响应速度，且其网侧电流的高次谐波主要分布在开关频率附近；而基于零序电压分量注入的载波调制算法的网侧电流高次谐波主要分布在2倍开关频率附近。但是在一个调制信号周期内，基于零序电压分量极限值注入的载波调制算法的开关切换次数比基于零序电压分量注入的载波调制算法低25％左右。

基于虚拟电压矢量的双三相直线磁通切换永磁电机容错SVPWM策略

高可靠性是电梯驱动系统的首要指标。针对双三相直线磁通切换永磁(dual-three-phase linear flux switching permanent magnet,DTP-LFSPM)电机单相开路故障,提出一种基于虚拟电压矢量的容错空间矢量脉宽调制策略。首先,基于单相开路故障下的五维变换矩阵计算得到故障后的32个空间电压矢量分布。然后,筛选部分空间电压矢量,以z子空间电压幅值为零且每个扇区产生对称的脉宽调制波形为目标,重构得到12个虚拟电压矢量,相邻的2个虚拟电压矢量都由3个基本电压矢量组成,并用于合成参考电压矢量,不仅可以减少单相开路故障容错控制时的电流谐波,而且具有计算简单,易于硬件实现等优点。最后,搭建DTP-LFSPM电机驱动控制系统仿真与实验平台,仿真和实验测试结果证明所提容错策略的正确性和有效性。

基于SHEPWM的三电平三相逆变器中点电位主动平衡控制策略

在大功率系统中,常采用特定次谐波消除脉宽调制(SHEPWM)以降低系统的开关损耗。针对三电平中点钳位(NPC)型三相逆变器在SHEPWM下的中点电位偏移问题,分析SHEPWM下逆变器输出相电压基波与3次谐波在不同电压相位范围内对中点电位的影响,设计两种在基波周期内对中点电位总充放电效果相反的开关角组合方案,并提出一种通过测量中点电位偏移值及中点电位滞环控制,选择不同的开关角组合方案进行调制的中点电位主动平衡控制策略。实验结果验证了所提出方法的实用性及有效性。

电磁阀异步启闭的PWM喷雾系统设计与试验

PWM变量喷雾是国内外精准农业领域的研究热点,但PWM变量喷雾过程中电磁阀的快速启闭在管路内易形成压力脉冲,致使喷头喷雾压力发生变化,导致喷雾质量下降。为了降低压力脉冲,设计了一种相邻电磁阀异步启闭的PWM喷雾系统,由移动底盘、药箱、隔膜泵、稳压罐、PWM控制器、电磁阀及压力表等组成,通过延时控制,实现电磁阀异步启闭。在室内无风环境条件下,探究了喷雾系统电磁阀前管路内压力波动特性和沉积量分布均匀性。试验表明:与电磁阀同步启闭的PWM喷雾系统相比,电磁阀异步启闭可有效降低管路内压力峰值,不同PWM频率工况条件下,50%占空比时降幅最大,降幅最高为14%;20Hz频率条件下,异步启闭PWM喷雾的沉积量分布均匀性变异系数略高于常规连续喷雾,但均小于15%。上述结果符合喷杆喷雾机技术性能国家标准。

Comparison of performance between bipolar and unipolar double-frequency sinusoidal pulse width modulation in a digitally controlled H-bridge inverter system

By deriving the discrete-time models of a digitally controlled H-bridge inverter system modulated by bipolar sinu- soidal pulse width modulation （BSPWM） and unipolar double-frequency sinusoidal pulse width modulation （UDFSPWM） respectively, the performances of the two modulation strategies are analyzed in detail. The circuit parameters, used in this paper, are fixed. When the systems, modulated by BSPWM and UDFSPWM, have the same switching frequency, the stabil- ity boundaries of the two systems are the same. However, when the equivalent switching frequencies of the two systems are the same, the BSPWM modulated system is more stable than the UDFSPWM modulated system. In addition, a convenient method of establishing the discrete-time model of piecewise smooth system is presented. Finally, the analytical results are confirmed by circuit simulations and experimental measurements.

Realization of Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation Method Based on DSP

In order to compensate for the deficiency of Sine Pulse Width Modulation（SPWM）, on the base of analyzing the principle of space w tot pulse width modulation and being compared with SPWM, the method of solving working time of adjacent vector and the method of generate space voltage vector were introduced. The experiment to the inverter which consists of IGBT proves that SVPWM centrol algorithm can reduce harmonic effectively, it is beneficial to enhancing the utilization rate of voltage source inverter direct current power supply.

Digital Pulse Width Modulation Control in Power Electronic Circuits Design

The paper mainly focuses on the digital pulse width modulation (DPWM) control techniques for high performance power electronic circuit design. The problem to be solved in this study addresses the DPWM converter design for DC to DC conversion process. The control techniques have been utilized the Fuzzy Logic Rules Base method for proposed SIMULINK model of high performance power electronic circuit. The analytical calculations for real circuit design have been completed based on the mathematical modeling of the system. The results from the developed SIMULINK model confirm the target specifications of the high performance condition for power electronic circuit which was met the objective of this study. The numerical results have been carried out with the help of MATLAB/SIMULINK.

负反馈和状态空间重构的UPWM失真问题校正方法

针对数字D类音频功率放大器中的均匀采样脉冲宽度调制(Uniform-Sampling Pulse Width Modulation,UPWM)失真,提出了一种负反馈和状态空间重构的全数字UPWM失真问题校正方法。该方法利用数字Σ-Δ(Sigma-Delta)调制器的高开环增益特性,通过构造包含数字Σ-Δ调制器和UPWM发生器的闭环负反馈环路,使得环路的输入与输出近似呈线性关系,从而校正UPWM产生的失真。在构造闭环时,通过对数字Σ-Δ调制器的状态空间表达式进行重构,并添加插零值模块和抽取模块使该环路在保持稳定性的同时,拥有与原数字Σ-Δ调制器相同的噪声整形效果。实验结果表明,该方法相比其他的UPWM失真校正方法,不仅能降低谐波失真,还能大幅降低数字UPWM调制器输出信号的本底噪声,从而可使数字UPWM调制器在频率6 kHz和幅度为满量程的-5 dB的正弦数字信号输入情况下,输出信噪失真比达到95.26 dB,同时所提方法可全数字电路实现、硬件实现简单且易于移植。

一种面向PWM逆变器的滤波器设计

针对直流并网发电系统PWM逆变器输出电压携带高频谐波从而影响系统稳定性的问题,文中设计了一种面向脉冲宽度调制(PWM)逆变器、可优化谐振频率的滤波器。该滤波器结合了主流带有数字微控制器的直流发电系统原理,将滤波后输出的电压信号经过处理、采集、转换和反馈等步骤,完成对PWM逆变器的控制和驱动。在控制系统的应用中,单环反馈控制设计在滤波器的输出环节进行,根据控制方法选取相关参数。仿真实验结果显示,逆变器测电流总谐波畸变率TDH为5.63%,滤波器滤波后则为1.02%,谐波降低了4.61%,具有良好的滤波效果。

基于51单片机定时器的直流电机PWM调速设计

脉宽调制(PWM)在直流电机调速中应用十分广泛。为了实现基于51单片机定时器功能的高精度脉宽调制直流调速,设计了硬件电路原理和程序流程,分析了单片机中断系统参数对PWM周期精度的影响,确定了定时器参数,用汇编语言实现脉宽调制占空比的计算。在每个PWM周期内,定时器参数要使定时器中断按照正确顺序产生,就可使系统正常运行,运用仿真软件验证了此设计方法的有效性和可行性。

基于模糊控制的PWM整流器电压调速策略

针对三相脉宽调制(pulse width modulation,PWM)整流器控制系统的直流侧电压响应速率问题,提出一种基于模糊控制的电压快速响应控制策略.建立PWM整流器在qd坐标系下的数学模型,并进行欠驱动特性分析和控制策略研究,设计级联双闭环控制结构.利用部分反馈线性化策略,设计电流内环控制器,为提升直流侧电压响应速度,提出电压外环模糊控制策略.所提控制策略能够在0.05 s实现稳定,功率因数达到了0.99,提升了系统抗扰动能力,仿真结果证明了所设计控制方案的有效性.

Improved Protein Transfer Efficiency and Signal Intensity in BlotMan Using Pulse Width Modulation

BlotMan is a protein blotting device that allows generating multiple membranes from a single polyacrylamide gel. To transfer all proteins uniformly with the same efficiency regardless of protein size, BlotMan employs pulse-width-modulated (PWM) voltage that applies a higher average voltage to a larger protein species. BlotMan can be controlled not only by its custom-made interface but also by a smart phone via Bluetooth technology. In this study, we examined effects of PWM signals (50%, 60%, and 80% duty cycle) on transfer efficiency and signal intensity in comparison to a constant voltage signal (100% duty cycle). The result revealed that in response to the same average voltage of 150 V, a lower duty cycle with a higher maximum voltage increased transfer efficiency as well as sharpness of transferred proteins. We validated BlotMan’s capability using a chondrosarcoma cell line (SW1353 cells) and a breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB231 cells) in response to antitumor chemical agents. BlotMan successfully generated 5 membranes from a single gel and detected 5 protein species such as c-Src, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2), phosphorylated eIF2, lamin B, and actin. Collectively, we demonstrated herein that BlotMan reduces an amount of protein samples by generating multiple membranes from a single gel and improving signal intensity with PWM voltage signals.

Research and Making of a High-Power Switching Supply Using Pulse Width Modulation

Compared with the traditional SCR phase-shift regulated power supply, a new type of power semiconductor ,non-crystalline state magnetic material and pulse width modulation technology, high- power switching supply has many advantages: small volume, high converting efficiency, good dynamic performance, small harmonic component and small pollution to AC supply.

基于SVPWM补偿优化的三电平NPC并网逆变器容错控制

为保证并网系统中三电平中点箝位(neutral point clamped,NPC)型并网逆变器单相桥臂短路或断路故障后持续运行,提出一种基于空间矢量脉宽调制(space vector pulse width modulation,SVPWM)的优化补偿型低共模电压容错控制策略。首先,通过分析故障后八开关三相逆变器(eight switch three phase inverters,ESTPI)拓扑开关状态对应的共模电压大小,确定参考电压矢量合成规则;然后,通过一个基波周期内中点电流情况分析中点电位波动机理,进而对空间矢量合成进行调节补偿;最后,设计低通滤波器和滞环控制器进一步对补偿进行优化调整,保证并网电流质量的同时有效抑制了直流母线中点电位偏移。仿真结果表明,该容错控制策略能够实现三电平NPC并网逆变器单相桥臂故障后并网系统的稳定可靠运行,每个基波周期有三分之一时间的共模电压得到改善,优化补偿后的并网电流质量显著提高,且在并网电流突变时具备良好的控制特性。

适用于构网型新能源发电系统的MCSPWM多电平逆变器

构网型新能源发电系统具备系统惯量支持和电压支撑的优势,可利用各种能源之间的互补性,提高能源利用率及系统稳定性。在该系统中,多电平逆变器发挥着重要作用。为此,提出一种新型的开关电容九电平逆变器及基于高频的多重载波正弦脉宽调制(multi-carrier sinusoidal pulse width modulation,MCSPWM)策略,该逆变器在开关数量、管压应力、升压能力和控制难度等方面具有优良的综合性能。该文分析了该逆变器的工作原理和抑制电容充电电流尖峰的方法,在软硬件设计的基础上,成功研制了新型开关电容九电平逆变器实验样机。样机实验结果证明,所提出的拓扑在高频调制策略下具有输出2倍升压、双向功率流的能力,开关电容可自动均压,开关管电压应力不超过输入直流源电压Uin,并且开关电容纹波电压的峰峰值小于2V。新型开关电容九电平逆变器,在构网型新能源发电系统中具有潜在的应用前景。

Capacitor Pattern H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter (CPHMLI) Using Phase Diposition Pulse Width Modulation for Grid Applications

This work presents an implementation of an innovative single phase multilevel inverter using capacitors with reduced switches. The proposed Capacitor pattern H-bridge Multilevel Inverter (CPHMLI) topology consists of a proper number of Capacitor connected with switches and power sources. The advanced switching control supplied by Pulse Width Modulation (PDPWM) to attain mixed staircase switching state. The charging and discharging mode are achieved by calculating the voltage error at the load. Furthermore, to accomplish the higher voltage levels at the output with less number of semiconductors switches and simple commutation designed using CPHMLI topology. To prove the performance and effectiveness of the proposed approach, a set of experiments performed under various load conditions using MATLAB tool.

基于SVPWM算法的三电平矿用变频器的研究与仿真

随着电力电子技术的快速发展,大功率变频器在煤矿生产中得到了广泛应用。为了进一步提高变频器的节能和调速性能,在传统的三电平PWM的技术上,提出以一种空间矢量脉宽调制新算法的三电平逆变器模型,极大地简化了计算过程,减少了设备运行时的电能损耗。文章以三电平矿用变频器为目标,详细分析了SVPWM算法的调制过程,并基于理论分析的基础在MATLAB仿真软件中搭建了系统模型。