Microstructure characterization and thermal properties of hypereutectic Si-Al alloy for electronic packaging applications

The rapid solidified process and hot press method were performed to produce three hypereutectic 55%Si-Al, 70%Si-Al and 90%Si-Al alloys for heat dissipation materials. The results show that the atomization is an effective rapid solidified method to produce the Si-Al alloy and the size of atomized Si-Al alloy powder is less than 50 μm. The rapid solidified Si-Al alloy powder were hot pressed at 550 ℃ with the pressure of 700 MPa to obtain the relative densities of 99.4%, 99.2% and 94.4% for 55%Si-Al, 70%Si-Al and 90%Si-Al alloys, respectively. The typical physical properties, such as the thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion （CTE） and electrical conductivity of rapid solidified Si-Al alloys are acceptable as a heat dissipation material for many semiconductor devices. The 55%Si-Al alloy changes greatly （CTE） with the increase of temperature but obtains a good thermal conductivity. The CTE of 90%Si-Al alloy matches with the silicon very well but its thermal conductivity value is less than 100 W/（m.K）. Therefore, the 70%Si-Al alloy possesses the best comprehensive properties of CTE and thermal conductivity for using as the heat sink materials.

Recent advances in the production of single cell protein from renewable resources and applications

Single Cell Protein(SCP)refers to dry cells of microorganisms,and it constitutes a highly promising and alternative protein source for multiple applications.SCP presents a rich nutritional profile containing valuable amino acids and fatty acids,nucleic acids,minerals,and several vitamins.Several businesses worldwide have introduced SCP into their production cycles,hence expanding the scope of its application in value added market chains such as the edible food packaging.SCP is produced by a plethora of microorganisms,including fungi,yeasts,bacteria,and algae while many of them are Generally Recognized as Safe(GRAS).Selected microbial strains present satisfying growth capability with high yields when cultivated in renewable feedstock.Thus,production rates and process sustainability could be enhanced via the valorization of industrial and agricultural wastes as the nutrient sources,combined with optimization of process parameters,i.e fermentation mode and feeding strategy,pH,temperature,C/N ratio,agitation rate and oxygen supply.This review addresses the latest developments made towards the SCP production,highlighting efficient microbial SCP producers,and production systems that valorize solid and liquid streams from several agricultural wastes.Potential applications,challenges in sensorial-,and safety-aspects as well as consumers perception issues of SCP incorporation into food-related matrices are also discussed.

ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING AND VENDOR SUPPORT QUALITY BY THE USAGE OF APPLICATION SOFTWARE PACKAGES:A STUDY OF ASIAN ENTREPRENEURS

In this paper we study how organizational learning impacts organizational behavior, and how vendor support quality enhances product adoption and usage behavior. These constructs were verified using Application Software Packages (ASP) - a prewritten, precoded, commercially available set of programs that eliminates the need for individuals or organizations to write their own software programs for certain functions. The relationship between ASP usage, usage outcomes and use processes were also investigated. Two hundred and ninety-five Chinese, Indian, and Malay entrepreneurships were studied. It was found that usage outcome strongly determines usage, while use process has only an indirect relationship (via outcome) on usage. The impact of organizational learning and vendor service quality on usage, usage outcome, and use process were robust. Theoretical and practical implications of the research are discussed.