Expressions of Thymidylate Synthase, Thymidine Phosphorylase, Class Ⅲ β-tubulin, and Excision Repair Cross-complementing Group 1 Predict Response in Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients Receiving Capecitabine Plus Paclitaxel or Cisplatin

Objective: To evaluate the role of class III β-tubulin (TUBB3), thymidylate synthase (TS), thymidine phosphorylase (TP), and excision repair cross-complementing group 1 (ERCC1) in clinical outcome of advanced gastric cancer patients receiving capecitabine plus paclitaxel or cisplatin. Methods: The clinical data and tumor specimens from 57 advanced gastric cancer patients receiving first-line capecitabine plus paclitaxel (cohort 1, n=36) and capecitabine plus cisplatin (cohort 2, n=21) were retrospectively collected, and TUBB3, TS, TP, and ERCC1 expressions were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The associations between expressions of biomarkers and response or survival were analyzed statistically. Results: The median age of 57 patients was 57 years (range: 27–75 years) with 38 males and 19 females. Of all patients, the response rates of patients with high TP, low TP and high TS, low TS expressions were 57.1%, 27.6% (P=0.024), and 55.2%, 28.6% (P=0.042), respectively. Among cohort 1, the response rates and median overall survivals of patients with low and high TUBB3 expressions were 61.1% vs. 33.3% (P=0.095) and 13.8 months vs. 6.6 months (P=0.019), respectively; the response rate (87.5%) of patients with low TUBB3 and high TP expressions was higher than that (14.3%) of patients with high TUBB3 and low TP expressions (P=0.01). Among cohort 2, the response rates of patients with low ERCC1 and high ERCC1 expressions were 45.5% and 20.0% respectively (P=0.361). Conclusion: TUBB3, TS and TP expressions could predict the response of advanced gastric cancer patients receiving capecitabine-based and paclitaxel-based chemotherapy. These results will be further confirmed in future large samples.

Combination chemotherapy with paclitaxel,cisplatin and fluorouracil for patients with advanced and metastatic gastric or esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma:a multicenter prospective study

Objective： To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the combination regimen of paclitaxel, cisplatin and 5-FU （PCF） as first-line or second-line therapy in patients with advanced gastric and esophagogastric junction （EGJ） adenocarcinoma in China. Methods： The patients were treated with paclitaxel 150 mg/m2 on dl; fractionated cisplatin 15 mg/m2 and continuous infusion 5-FU 600 mg/（mLd） intravenously on d 1-d5 of a 21-d cycle until disease progression or unacceptable toxicities. Results： Seventy-five patients have been enrolled, among which, 41 received PCF regimen as the first-line therapy （group A） and 34 received the regimen as the second-line therapy （group B） with the median age of 59 years old and Karnofsky performance status （KPS） score 〉80. Toxicities were analyzed in all 75 patients. Seventy-one patients were evaluable for efficacy. The median overall survival （mOS） was 12.0 months （95% CI： 7.9-16.2 months） in group A and 7.3 months （95% CI： 4.3-10.3 months） in group B, respectively. The median progression-free survival （mPFS） was 5.7 months （95% CI： 4.1-7.2 months） and 5.0 months （95% CI： 3.1-6.9 months）, respectively. The response rate （CR^PR） was 40% （16/40; 95% CI： 24.9-56.7%） in group A and 22.6% （7/31; 95% CI： 9.6-41.1%） in group B. Major grade 3 or 4 adverse events include neutropenia （41.3 %）, febrile neutropenia （9.3 %）, nausea/anorexia （10.7%）, and vomiting （5.3 %）. There was no treatment-related death. Conclusions： The combination chemotherapy with PCF is active and tolerable as first-line and second- line therapy in Chinese patients with advanced gastric and EGJ adenocarcinoma. The response and survival of PCF are same as those of DCF, but the tolerance is much better.

Docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil compared with epirubicin,cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil regimen for advanced gastric cancer:A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND As the first-line regimens for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer, both docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil(DCF) and epirubicin, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil(ECF) regimens are commonly used in clinical practice, but there is still controversy about which is better.AIM To compare the efficacy and safety of DCF and ECF regimens by conducting this meta-analysis.METHODS Computer searches in PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE, Science Direct, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library and Scopus were performed to find the clinical studies of all comparisons between DCF and ECF regimens. We used progression-free survival(PFS), overall survival(OS), objective response rate(ORR), disease control rate(DCR), and adverse effects(AEs) as endpoints for analysis.RESULTS Our meta-analysis included seven qualified studies involving a total of 598 patients. The pooled hazard ratios between the DCF and ECF groups were comparable in PFS(95%CI: 0.58-1.46, P = 0.73), OS(95%CI: 0.65-1.10, P = 0.21),and total AEs(95%CI: 0.93-1.29, P = 0.30). The DCF group was significantly better than the ECF group in terms of ORR(95%CI: 1.13-1.75, P = 0.002) and DCR(95%CI: 1.03-1.41, P = 0.02). However, the incidence rate of grade 3-4 AEs was also greater in the DCF group than in the ECF group(95%CI: 1.16-1.88, P = 0.002),especially for neutropenia and febrile neutropenia.CONCLUSION With better ORR and DCR values, the DCF regimen seems to be more suitable for advanced gastric cancer than the ECF regimen. However, the higher rate of AEs in the DCF group still needs to be noticed.

Dose-Dense Regimen of Cisplatin and Infusional Fluorouracil in Advanced Gastric Cancer—A Single Institution Experience

Chemotherapy with continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin in a monthly schedule is one of the most common regimens in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of a dosedense administration of this regimen in this patient population. Sixty-six consecutive patients with previously untreated histologically confirmed unresectable or metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma were treated with a 2-hour infusion of cisplatin 100 mg/m2 followed by continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil 1000 mg/m2/day for 5 days, every 21 days. The most common grade ≥3 toxicities were fatigue (42%), nausea/vomiting (30%) and leucopenia (12%). Four patients (6%) died from treatment-related toxicity. The response rate was 35%, the median progression-free survival was 4.3 months and the median survival was 5.9 months. In light of these results, the dose-dense approach seems to offer little, if any, benefit compared with the standard regimens.

Weekly albumin-bound paclitaxel/cisplatin versus gemcitabine/cisplatin as first-line therapy for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer:A phase II open-label clinical study

Objective: The aim of this trial was to compare both the efficacy and the safety of a weekly nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel(nab-paclitaxel) plus cisplatin vs. gemcitabine plus cisplatin in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods: A total of 84 participants received either 100 mg/m^2 nab-paclitaxel each week on d 1, 8 and 15 of a 28 day cycle, as well as cisplatin 75 mg/m^2 on d 1 every three weeks(nab-TP arm); or gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m^2 on d 1 and 8, plus cisplatin 75 mg/m^2 on d 1 every three weeks(GP arm). The primary end point was progression-free survival(PFS). The secondary end points were overall response rate(ORR) and overall survival(OS).Results: According to our analysis, the median PFS was 4.8 months for the nab-TP arm vs. 5.2 months for the GP arm(P=0.55). Analysis showed the median OS was 14.6 months for participants who were in the nab-TP arm vs. 15.1 months for those in the GP arm(P=0.94). Besides, nab-TP showed OS advantages over GP in patients harboring epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) mutation(26.7 vs. 15.3 months, P=0.046) and patients with a performance status of 0(23.5 vs. 14.7 months, P=0.020). It was found that incidences of drug-related grade 3 or 4 toxicities were comparable between the two treatment arms.Conclusions: Therefore, it can be seen that weekly nab-TP treatment has a similar efficacy and tolerability to GP treatment for patients who are undergoing their first-line treatment for NSCLC. It could be that survival differences among platinum doublets in the context of both EGFR mutation and performance status have the potential to be the basis for our further clinical trials.

Paclitaxel based vs oxaliplatin based regimens for advanced gastric cancer

AIM:To compare the efficacy and safety of paclitaxel combined with fluorouracil plus cisplatin(PCF),and oxaliplatin combined with fluorouracil plus leucovorin(FOLFOX-4) regimens for advanced gastric cancer(AGC).METHODS:Ninety-four patients with AGC were randomly assigned to receive paclitaxel(50 mg/m2 iv) on days 1,8 and 15,cisplatin(20 mg/m2 iv) and ? uorouracil(750 mg/m2 iv) on days 1-5,or oxaliplatin(85 mg/m2 iv) and leucovorin(200 mg/m2 iv) on day 1,followed by bolus fluorouracil(400 mg/m2 iv) and fluorouracil(600 mg/m2 iv) on days 1 and 2.The primary end point was the 1-year survival time.RESULTS:The overall response rate(ORR) of the pa-tients was 48.0% and 45.5% to PCF and FOLFOX-4,respectively.The disease control rate(DCR) of PCF and FOLFOX-4 was 82.0% and 81.8%,respectively.The median survival times(MSTs) of the patients were 10.8 and 9.9 mo,respectively,after treatment with PCF and FOLFOX-4.The 1-year survival rate of the patients was 36.0% and 34.1%,respectively,after treatment with PCF and FOLFOX-4.No significant difference was observed in ORR,DCR,MST or 1-year survival rate between the two groups.The most common adverse events were anemia,nausea and vomiting,and grade 3/4 alopecia in PCF treatment group,and anemia,grade 1/2 neurotoxic effect and grade 3/4 neutropenia in FOLFOX-4 treatment group.CONCLUSION:Patients with AGC have a similar response rate to PCF and FOLFOX-4 regimens with a similar survival rate.The PCF and FOLFOX-4 regimens are efficacious and tolerable as a promising therapy for AGC.

Upregulation of miR-34c after silencing E2F transcription factor 1 inhibits paclitaxel combined with cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells

BACKGROUND MicroRNA 34c(miR-34c)has been reported to be associated with malignant types of cancer,however,it remains unknown whether miR-34c is involved in chemoresistance in gastric cancer(GC).AIM To investigate the effect of miR-34c and its upstream transcription factor E2F1 on paclitaxel combined with cisplatin resistance in GC cells.METHODS Paired GC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were randomly sampled from 74 GC patients.miR-34c and E2F1 were detected by real-time quantitative PCR(qPCR)and Western blot.In addition,the drug resistance of GC cells to paclitaxel and cisplatin was induced by concentration gradient increasing methods,and changes in miR-34c and E2F1 during this process were measured.Furthermore,E2F1 and miR-34c overexpression or underexpression vectors were constructed and transfected into drug-resistant GC cells.MTT was employed to test the sensitivity of cells to paclitaxel combined with cisplatin,qPCR was adopted to detect the expression of miR-34c,Western blot was applied to detect the expression levels of E2F1,drug resistance-related proteins and apoptosis-related proteins,and flow cytometry was used for the determination of cell apoptosis and cell cycle status.RESULTS E2F1 was overexpressed while miR-34c was underexpressed in GC.After inducing GC cells to be resistant to paclitaxel and cisplatin,E2F1 expression increased while miR-34c expression decreased.Both silencing E2F1 and overexpressing miR-34c could increase the sensitivity of drug-resistant GC cells to paclitaxel combined with cisplatin,promote cell apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation.Among which,silencing E2F1 could reduce the expression of drug resistance-related proteins and apoptosis-related proteins,while over-expression of miR-34c could upregulate the expression of apoptosis-related proteins without affecting the expression of MDR-1,MRP and other drug resistance-related proteins.Rescue experiments demonstrated that inhibiting miR-34c could significantly weaken the sensitization of drug resistant cells,and Si E2F1 to paclitaxel combined with cisplatin.CONCLUSION E2F1 inhibits miR-34c to promote the proliferation of GC cells and enhance the resistance to paclitaxel combined with cisplatin,and silencing E2F1 is conducive to improving the efficacy of paclitaxel combined with cisplatin in GC cells.

Non-platinum-based chemotherapy for treatment of advanced gastric cancer:5-fluorouracil,taxanes,and irinotecan

Despite numerous advances in treatment options,advanced gastric cancer(AGC)remains a major public health issue and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths.Cisplatin is one of the most effective broadspectrum anticancer drugs for AGC and a doublet combination regimen of either cisplatin-based or 5-fluorouracil(5FU)-based chemotherapy is generally used for treatment of patients with AGC.However,there is still no consensus on the best regimen for treating AGC.Recently,various new chemotherapeutic agents,including oral 5FU,taxanes,and irinotecan,have been identified as improving the outcomes for AGC when used as a single agent or in combination with nonplatinum chemotherapy.Nonetheless,it is still unclear whether non-platinum-based chemotherapy is a viable treatment option for patients with AGC.Accordingly,this review focuses on the efficacy and tolerability of non-platinum-based chemotherapy for patients with AGC.

The efficacy and toxicity of modified docetaxel,cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil combination therapy for 27 patients with advanced stage gastric adenocarcinoma

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of modified docetaxel, cisplatin and calcium folinate (CF)/5-fluorouracil (mDCF) combination therapy for 27 patients with recurrent or metastatic gastric adeno- carcinoma (R/MGC). Methods: From May 2006 to July 2007, 27 R/MGC patients (18 were male and 9 were female) with a median age of 49 years (range19-66) were consecutively enrolled. The mDCF protocol included 50 mg/m2 docetaxel for 1 day and 25 mg/m2 cisplatin on d2-3, 200 mg/m2 CF on d2-3 and 2000 mg/m2 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) CIV (continous infusion) for 46 h on d2-3, repeated every 2 weeks. Results: Twenty-seven patients were evaluable for efficacy and toxicity. A median of 4.5 cycles was given. One complete and 12 partial responses were observed for an overall intent to treat response rate (RR) 48.1% [95% CI (confidence intervals): 32%-64%]. Median time-to-progression (TTP) was 6.2 months and overall survival (OS) was 11.8 months. Twenty-seven (100%) patients experienced bone marrow suppression, and of them 48.9% were Grade 3-4 (16.3% were Grade 4). Two patients (7.4%) ceased chemotherapy because of bone marrow suppression. WHO Grade 1-4 non-hematological toxicity, such as oral mucositis, nausea/emesia, peripheral neuropathy, liver dysfunction, diarrhea, nephrotoxicity and cardiotoxicity, occurred in 59.2%、51.9%, 48.1%, 44.4%, 25.9%, 18.5% and 11.1% patients, respectively, and most of them were Grade 1-2. No patient died due to chemotherapy toxicity. Conclusion: mDCF regimen is effective in treating R/MGC with a high RR and long TTP/OS in this trial. Despite its severe hematotoxicity, this regimen has some advantages such as no cross-resistance with paclitaxel (paclitaxel-resistant patients RR 2/6). These results suggested that the mDCF regimen worth further investigation in clinical study of R/MGC treatment.

Safety and Efficacy of Neoadjuvant DOF [Docetaxel, Oxaliplatin, 5-Fluorouracil] Chemotherapy Regimen in Patients with Locally Advanced Gastric and Gastro-Esophageal Junction Cancers: A Single Center Experience from India

Background:?The role of chemotherapy in Gastric Cancer is constantly evolving?with various neoadjuvant and adjuvant strategies. Several chemotherapeutic agents are used in the treatment of locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) namely Platinum based compounds (Cisplatin, Oxaliplatin), Fluoropyrimidines like 5-Flurouracil [(5-FU), Capecitabine)], Taxanes (Docetaxel) and Anthracyclines (Epirubicin). Various doublet and triplet combination chemotherapy regimens have been used for neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in LAGCs. In this study we evaluated the safety and efficacy of docetaxel based triplet regimen DOF [Docetaxel, Oxaliplatin, 5-Fluorouracil] in LAGC. Material and methods:?50 Newly diagnosed patients of Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer (stage II or III) deemed fit to receive chemotherapy were included in our study. After 3 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, patients were assessed based on radiological and pathological response.?Results: 50 Patients were included in our study of which majority were male (32), median age at presentation was 55 years and 24 patients presented with a history of gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD). The most common hematological toxicities observed in our study were anemia (61.2%), neutropenia (42.6%, febrile neutropenia constituted 6%) and thrombocytopenia (13.2%). The most common gastro-intestinal [GI] toxicities observed in our study included nausea (69.2%), vomiting (31.2%), diarrhea (34%), oral mucositis (14%) and constipation (6.6%). We found that safety profile of DOF regimen was favorable with majority of patients tolerating the regimen well. The Overall Response Rate (68%), Disease Control Rate (96%) and Resectability Rate (80%) were higher compared to western studies. Pathological CR (17.5%), ypN0?disease status (42.5%) and nodal down staging (52%), all showed positive correlations with survival outcomes. Conclusion:?DOF regimen is an effective and feasible option for neoadjuvant treatment of LAGC in an Indian population.

Weekly paclitaxel and S-1 combination chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer

Objective:There remains no standard first-line chemotherapeutic regimen for advanced gastric cancer (AGC).The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination regimen with weekly paclitaxel and S-1 as a first-line chemotherapy for AGC. Methods:Forty-six patients with AGC were included in this study. Paclitaxel was administered weekly at a dose of 60 mg/m2 on days 1, 8 and 15, S-1 was administered orally twice daily at 80 mg/m2/day for 2 weeks. The regimen was repeated every four weeks. Results:The results showed that the overall response rate was 45.7%, with 3 patients achieved complete response and 18 patients had a partial response, the disease control rate was 76.1%. The median progress free survival was 7.2 months 95% confidence interval (CI):6.3-8.1 months and the median overall survival was 11.6 months (95% CI:10.6-12.6 months) after treatment with paclitaxel and S-1. Neutropenia occurred in 25 patients (54.3%) and grade 3/4 neutropenia was observed in 8 patients (17.4%), gastrointestinal reactions were the most common non-hematologic toxicities, while severe gastrointestinal toxicities were uncommon. Conclusion:The regimen of weekly paclitaxel and S-1 demonstrated activity and acceptable toxicity for AGC as a first-line chemotherapy.

Effect of Intraperitoneal Administration of Paclitaxel Combined with Cisplatin in Treatment of Advanced Ovarian Cancer

Objective:To analyze the effect of intraperitoneal administration of paclitaxel combined with cisplatin in treatment of advanced ovarian cancer.Method:Fifty-four patients with advanced ovarian cancer in our hospital were randomly selected from the beginning of July 2018 to the end of June 2019.The principle of grouping was based on double-blind randomization method.In experimental group,27 patients were given intraperitoneal administration of paclitaxel combined with cisplatin.In control group,27 patients were given intravenous administration of paclitaxel combined with cisplatin.Clinical data of the two groups were compared.Results:Short-term clinical efficacy and T lymphocyte subsets of experimental group were significantly improved when compared with control group.The difference was significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:The effect of intraperitoneal administration of paclitaxel combined with cisplatin is ideal for treatment of advanced ovarian cancer patients.

Second-line treatments for advanced gastric cancer: Interpreting outcomes by network meta-analysis

AIM: To study the effectiveness of second-linetreatments for advancer gastric cancer by application of Bayesian network meta-analysis.METHODS: Our search covered the literature up to February 2015. The following 6 treatments were evaluated:(1) irinotecan(camptothecins);(2) paclitaxel(taxanes class);(3) docetaxel(taxanes);(4) everolimus(mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors);(5) ramucirumab(vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibitors);(6) ramucirumab + paclitaxel. Our methodology was based on standard models of Bayesian network meta-analysis. The reference treatment was best supportive care(BSC). The endpoint was overall survival. Median survival was the outcome measure along with 95% credible intervals. RESULTS: Our search identified a total of 7 randomized controlled trials. These trials included 2298 patients(in 15 treatment arms) in whom a total of 6 active treatments were evaluated as well as BSC. There were 21 head-to-head comparisons(6 direct, 15 indirect). The difference in survival between each of two active treatments(paclitaxel and ramucirumab + paclitaxel) vs BSC was statistically significant, while the other 4 showed no statistical difference. In the 6 head-to-head comparisons between active treatments, no significant survival difference was demonstrated. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that both paclitaxel monotherapy and ramucirumab + paclitaxel determine a significant prolongation in survival as compared with BSC.

升阳除湿防风汤联合化疗治疗晚期胃癌疗效及对患者血清CA72-4、sICAM-1的影响

目的:观察升阳除湿防风汤联合化疗治疗晚期胃癌患者的临床疗效及血清糖类抗原72-4(CA72-4)、可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)变化。方法:选择86例晚期胃癌患者,根据治疗方法将其分为两组,各43例,化疗组给予常规化疗治疗,观察组在化疗组基础上给予升阳除湿防风汤治疗,比较两组客观缓解率(ORR)、疾病控制率(DCR)、中医症状积分、血清CA72-4、sICAM-1水平、T淋巴细胞亚群指标(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))、不良反应总发生率。结果:观察组ORR、DCR均较化疗组更高(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后畏寒肢冷、脘腹胀满、恶心呕吐、神疲乏力积分均较化疗组更低(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后血清CA72-4、sICAM-1水平均较化疗组更低(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均较化疗组更高(P<0.05),CD8^(+)较化疗组更低(P<0.05)。观察组血小板减少、贫血、脱发、恶心、呕吐总发生率与化疗组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:升阳除湿防风汤联合化疗可有效提高晚期胃癌客观缓解率、疾病控制率,缓解脘腹胀满等症状,改善免疫功能,纠正免疫失衡,降低血清CA72-4、sICAM-1表达量,且未增加不良反应发生率。

晚期宫颈癌患者行白蛋白结合型紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗前后的变化分析

目的 分析晚期宫颈癌患者行白蛋白结合型紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗前后的变化。方法 100例晚期宫颈癌患者,随机分为研究组和对照组,每组50例。两组患者均接受规定治疗方案同步放化疗,研究组使用注射用紫杉醇(白蛋白结合型)联合顺铂化疗治疗,对照组采用溶剂型紫杉醇联合顺铂化疗治疗。比较两组患者病情缓解程度、毒副反应发生情况(血红蛋白降低、血小板减少、白细胞减少、中性粒细胞减少、胃肠道反应、肝功能异常)、治疗前后肿瘤标志物指标[癌胚抗原(CEA)、鳞状细胞癌抗原(SCC-Ag)、细胞角蛋白19片段抗原(CYFRA21-1)、糖类抗原125(CA125)]水平、2年内病情恶化、生存情况。结果 研究组治疗后的病情总缓解率66.00%高于对照组的46.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组胃肠道反应发生率16.00%低于对照组的34.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,研究组患者CEA(8.05±1.19)U/ml、SCC-Ag(1.86±0.41)ng/ml、CYFRA21-1(8.11±1.52)ng/ml、CA125(26.32±2.86)U/ml均低于对照组的(8.86±1.38)U/ml、(2.13±0.49)ng/ml、(9.03±1.85)ng/ml、(27.64±3.13)U/ml,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组治疗后2年内的病情恶化率46.00%低于对照组的66.00%,生存率82.00%高于对照组的64.00%,恶化时间(1.15±0.54)年、死亡时间(1.48±0.46)年均晚于对照组的(0.91±0.52)、(1.23±0.45)年,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 给予晚期宫颈癌患者白蛋白结合型紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗可增加病灶缓解程度,减少胃肠道反应,降低治疗后短期内的病情恶化发生率,同时提高患者生存能力。

卡瑞利珠单抗联合白蛋白紫杉醇治疗晚期胃癌的近期疗效及机制研究

目的:分析卡瑞利珠单抗联合白蛋白紫杉醇治疗晚期胃癌的近期疗效及可能的作用机制。方法:选取102例晚期胃癌患者作为研究对象,按照治疗方法不同将患者分为A组和B组,每组各51例,两组患者均使用白蛋白紫杉醇治疗,B组(对照组)口服阿帕替尼治疗;A组(实验组)静脉注射卡瑞利珠单抗治疗。治疗6个周期后,对比两组患者的疗效、安全性、血清可溶性血管内皮细胞生长因子受体1(sVEGFR-1)、转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)水平、生存质量及不良反应发生情况。结果:A组的ORR和DCR分别为43.14%和74.51%,均高于B组的21.57%和54.90%(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组血清sVEGFR-1、TGF-β1和生存质量各维度评分均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。治疗后,两组患者的血清sVEGFR-1和生存质量各维度评分均升高(P<0.05),且A组高于B组(P<0.05);TGF-β1均降低(P<0.05),且A组低于B组(P<0.05)。A组的不良反应总发生率为15.69%,低于B组的39.22%(P<0.05)。结论:卡瑞利珠单抗联合白蛋白紫杉醇在晚期胃癌中的疗效确切,可有效减轻患者的不良反应,改善生存质量,其作用机制可能与调控血清sVEGFR-1、TGF-β1水平有关。

白蛋白结合型紫杉醇联合替吉奥一线治疗晚期胃癌的效果

目的探讨白蛋白结合型紫杉醇联合替吉奥一线治疗晚期胃癌的效果。方法回顾性选取2022年1月—2023年6月赤峰市医院收治的100例晚期胃癌一线治疗患者的临床资料,按治疗方案不同分为观察组(50例,白蛋白结合型紫杉醇联合替吉奥治疗)与对照组(50例,奥沙利铂联合替吉奥治疗)。对比两组临床疗效、不良反应发生率、血清肿瘤标志物。结果观察组治疗有效率为64.00%(32/50)、疾病控制率88.00%(44/50)均较对照组的42.00%(21/50)、70.00%(35/50)更高,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.858、4.883,P均<0.05)。观察组不良反应的总发生率为36.00%(18/50)低于对照组的40.00%(20/50),差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.170,P>0.05)。治疗4周期后,观察组的血清肿瘤标志物均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论晚期胃癌一线治疗联用白蛋白结合型紫杉醇、替吉奥,可提高治疗效果,保障治疗安全,降低血清肿瘤标志物水平,值得临床借鉴。

帕博利珠单抗联合白蛋白紫杉醇与卡培他滨方案治疗进展期胃癌患者的疗效评估

目的探讨帕博利珠单抗联合白蛋白紫杉醇与卡培他滨方案在治疗进展期胃癌中的疗效。方法选取2019年10月至2022年9月西安交通大学附属红会医院收治的122例进展期胃癌患者进行随机对照试验,按照随机数字表法分为两组,各61例。对照组男48例、女13例,年龄(62.45±5.47)岁,接受卡培他滨方案联合白蛋白紫杉醇治疗;观察组男47例、女14例,年龄(63.14±5.65)岁,在对照组基础上增加帕博利珠单抗治疗。每3周为1个疗程,治疗2个疗程。对比两组患者临床疗效、治疗前后血清肿瘤标志物[糖类抗原724(CA-724)、糖类抗原199(CA-199)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)]、不良反应及预后情况。采用t检验、χ^(2)检验。结果观察组总有效率为68.85%(42/61),高于对照组的47.54%(29/61),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.509,P=0.019)。治疗前,两组患者CA-724、CA-199、VEGF、TNF-α水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);治疗6周后,观察组CA-724、CA-199、VEGF、TNF-α水平均低于对照组[(17.56±2.22)μg/L比(22.53±2.49)μg/L、(21.56±3.21)U/ml比(27.52±3.44)U/ml、(271.64±21.22)ng/L比(281.33±24.15)ng/L、(15.08±2.53)μg/L比(19.54±3.68)μg/L],差异均有统计学意义(t=11.636、9.893、2.354、7.800,均P<0.05)。观察组治疗期间Ⅲ~Ⅳ级血小板减少事件发生率为4.92%(3/61),低于对照组的18.03%(11/61),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.164,P=0.023);两组患者粒细胞减少、腹泻、甲状腺功能减退发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。随访1年,观察组生存率为95.08%(58/61),高于对照组的83.61%(51/61),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.218,P=0.039)。结论帕博利珠单抗联合白蛋白紫杉醇治疗进展期胃癌的疗效良好,可有效降低血清肿瘤标志物水平。

紫杉醇脂质体与紫杉醇注射液治疗晚期卵巢癌的疗效及安全性比较

目的 比较紫杉醇脂质体与紫杉醇注射液治疗晚期卵巢癌的疗效及安全性。方法 回顾性选取2016年8月—2018年8月于福州市第二总医院确诊并治疗的晚期卵巢癌患者67例,根据治疗方法不同分为观察组(n=34)和对照组(n=33)。观察组给予紫杉醇脂质体联合顺铂治疗,对照组给予紫杉醇注射液联合顺铂治疗,21 d为1个周期,2组均治疗4个周期。比较2组临床疗效、生活质量及不良反应,随访至2021年8月,比较2组生存率。结果 观察组客观缓解率(ORR)为47.06%,对照组ORR为48.48%,2组比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.014,P=0.907)。治疗4个周期后,观察组生活质量评级优于对照组(Z=2.100,P=0.039)。观察组不良反应总发生率为55.88%,低于对照组的84.85%(χ^(2)=6.709,P=0.010)。随访至2021年8月,观察组平均随访时间33个月,随访期间死亡10例;对照组平均随访时间31个月,随访期间死亡14例。通过Kaplan-Meier法对患者进行生存分析,观察组生存率为70.59%(24/34),高于对照组的57.58%(19/33),但差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.732,P=0.392)。结论 紫杉醇脂质体与紫杉醇注射液治疗晚期卵巢癌的疗效相当,但紫杉醇脂质体较紫杉醇注射液更安全,不良反应发生率更低,化疗后患者生活质量更高,生存时间更长。

注射用紫杉醇(白蛋白结合型)联合顺铂对晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效评价

目的探讨注射用紫杉醇(白蛋白结合型)与顺铂联合应用对晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效。方法选择明确诊断为晚期NSCLC患者88例,并依据随机数字表法分为观察组及对照组,各44例。对照组给予吉西他滨联合顺铂化疗方案,观察组予以注射用紫杉醇(白蛋白结合型)与顺铂联合化疗。比较两组患者的临床疗效,治疗前后血清肿瘤标志物[细胞角蛋白19片段抗原21-1(CYFRA21-1)、糖类抗原125(CA125)、癌胚抗原(CEA)]水平,不良反应发生情况。结果治疗后,观察组客观缓解率(ORR)59.09%及疾病控制率(DCR)79.55%均显著优于对照组的36.36%、54.55%(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗前CYFRA21-1、CA125、CEA对比未见显著差异(P>0.05);治疗后,两组患者CYFRA21-1、CA125、CEA均较治疗前有所降低,且观察组CYFRA21-1、CA125、CEA下降幅度较对照组更明显(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应总发生率11.36%低于对照组的36.36%(P<0.05)。结论注射用紫杉醇(白蛋白结合型)同顺铂联合化疗对晚期NSCLC患者有确切疗效,能明显缓解患者临床症状,同时不良反应发生率低,值得临床广泛应用。