This review will assist to understand the evolution of Europe＇s methods to exert influence on the Palestinian-lsraeli peace process specifically from 1973 to 2015. Moreover, it was also noted that this will be essent...This review will assist to understand the evolution of Europe＇s methods to exert influence on the Palestinian-lsraeli peace process specifically from 1973 to 2015. Moreover, it was also noted that this will be essential in recognizing the evolution of European foreign policies. This study assists to understand the evolution of approaches agreed by the Europe since 1973 until present or 2015. This study focuses on the various approaches of actors from the civil society, private sector involved in the conflict between the Palestine and Israel. Moreover, this study will assist in understanding the evolution of Europe＇s methods and policies in the peace process between Israel and Palestine. Subsequently, this study focuses on the significance of non-state actors in the peace process between Palestine and Israel. This study clearly highlights the various strategies adopted by the Europe foreign policies in the conflict between Palestine and Israel. This study also highlights to what extent European foreign policy has assisted in the peace process between Israel and Palestine. This study would be useful to understand the effectiveness of European foreign policies in the peace process.展开更多
The relationship between the democratic form of government and the tendency of states to use force in solving internal and foreign policy problems is one of the central research issues of modem international relations...The relationship between the democratic form of government and the tendency of states to use force in solving internal and foreign policy problems is one of the central research issues of modem international relations. This report summarizes the results of conflict research on countries in a democratic transformation process. Results of a study of their application for the Black Sea countries for the period 1990-2015 are presented.展开更多
The negative interaction between the prioritization of anti-terrorism and the marginalization of the peace process forms a heavy heritage of Bush Administration’s Middle East policy.Therefore,the Obama Administration...The negative interaction between the prioritization of anti-terrorism and the marginalization of the peace process forms a heavy heritage of Bush Administration’s Middle East policy.Therefore,the Obama Administration now is confronted with a very serious test:how to establish and maintain compatible and balanced relations between peace and anti-terrorism.On the grand strategic level,the key point is whether America can reshape the regional strategic environment of the Middle East or not.Specifically speaking,the possibility of furthering the Middle East peace process is determined by the following items:the US can or can’t change the strategic rigidity of its Middle East policy favorable to Israel,adopt some effective measures to make Hamas integrated into the Middle East peace process,and improve its relations with Syria and convert Syria into a constructive role in the Middle East peace process and regional security.On the issue of anti-terrorism,the compatibility between anti-terrorism and peace can be achieved only if the Obama Administration could take overall adjustment on the past anti-terrorism strategy of US,guarantee that the situation of Iraq will not deteriorate,and resolve the Iranian issue in a peaceful manner,so as to avoid being bogged down into endless warfare.展开更多
After nine decades of denial,military confrontation and securitisation of the Kurdish problem,the AKP government outspokenly addressed the Kurdish question,wanting to change the course of Turkish-Kurdish conflict by i...After nine decades of denial,military confrontation and securitisation of the Kurdish problem,the AKP government outspokenly addressed the Kurdish question,wanting to change the course of Turkish-Kurdish conflict by introducing the notion of Kurdish opening.Despite the claims of the founder of the Turkish Republic Kemal Ataturk of reconciliation within his country and with the world,Turkey still witnesses conflicts and tensions with all the countries of the region and domestically,with various secular and religious factions,and with the Kurds in particular.Since the establishment of Turkey as a modern state,peace and prosperity have not clearly been seen.Military coups have frequently overthrown civilian governments in the political arena.One of the very visible and complicated obstacles to peace and prosperity is the Kurdish problem.After three decades of costly war between the state and the Kurdish movement,in the AKP era for the first time,public negotiations between the two took place.The Kurdish movement became invested in this relatively peaceful environment and started to promote cultural nationalism on a large scale.Suddenly,however,the state abruptly ceased the peace process with representatives of the Kurdish movement and detained thousands of its activists.Some southeastern areas have faced destruction,and about one million civil habitants have been displaced.This article seeks to explain why the state has returned to its old policy of security and military approach,whilst in the past few years it had repeatedly claimed that it was possible to deal with the Kurdish question through peace and reconciliation.The research tries to examine the complex relationship between the Turkish state and the Kurdish movement.展开更多
Allow me to start by thanking the CPAPD for inviting me to speak in this important event and giving the opportunity to share my insights on peace in Afghanistan and its implications in the broader South and Central As...Allow me to start by thanking the CPAPD for inviting me to speak in this important event and giving the opportunity to share my insights on peace in Afghanistan and its implications in the broader South and Central Asia region and beyond.Today, I am representing a country that has suffered from violence and terrorism in the last four decades. It is an unfortunate reality that after Syria, the lingering violence in Afghanistan has turned the country into the second least peaceful one in the world.展开更多
文摘This review will assist to understand the evolution of Europe＇s methods to exert influence on the Palestinian-lsraeli peace process specifically from 1973 to 2015. Moreover, it was also noted that this will be essential in recognizing the evolution of European foreign policies. This study assists to understand the evolution of approaches agreed by the Europe since 1973 until present or 2015. This study focuses on the various approaches of actors from the civil society, private sector involved in the conflict between the Palestine and Israel. Moreover, this study will assist in understanding the evolution of Europe＇s methods and policies in the peace process between Israel and Palestine. Subsequently, this study focuses on the significance of non-state actors in the peace process between Palestine and Israel. This study clearly highlights the various strategies adopted by the Europe foreign policies in the conflict between Palestine and Israel. This study also highlights to what extent European foreign policy has assisted in the peace process between Israel and Palestine. This study would be useful to understand the effectiveness of European foreign policies in the peace process.
文摘The relationship between the democratic form of government and the tendency of states to use force in solving internal and foreign policy problems is one of the central research issues of modem international relations. This report summarizes the results of conflict research on countries in a democratic transformation process. Results of a study of their application for the Black Sea countries for the period 1990-2015 are presented.
基金a segmental achievement for“Studies on the Middle East Islamic Regions and the Transformation of International System”(08JZD0039)the major research program of the Education Ministry in 2008,and“Research on Islamic Elements in the International Relations of Contemporary Middle East region”+3 种基金the 2008 Major Research Program of Key Research Bases of Social Sciences and Humanity affiliated to the Education Ministryfunded by“Twilight Scholars Plan”the Key Discipline of Arabic Studies established by Shanghai Municipality3rd Phase Construction Program for“Arabic Studies-Middle East Studies with Chinese Characteristics”of 211 Project.
文摘The negative interaction between the prioritization of anti-terrorism and the marginalization of the peace process forms a heavy heritage of Bush Administration’s Middle East policy.Therefore,the Obama Administration now is confronted with a very serious test:how to establish and maintain compatible and balanced relations between peace and anti-terrorism.On the grand strategic level,the key point is whether America can reshape the regional strategic environment of the Middle East or not.Specifically speaking,the possibility of furthering the Middle East peace process is determined by the following items:the US can or can’t change the strategic rigidity of its Middle East policy favorable to Israel,adopt some effective measures to make Hamas integrated into the Middle East peace process,and improve its relations with Syria and convert Syria into a constructive role in the Middle East peace process and regional security.On the issue of anti-terrorism,the compatibility between anti-terrorism and peace can be achieved only if the Obama Administration could take overall adjustment on the past anti-terrorism strategy of US,guarantee that the situation of Iraq will not deteriorate,and resolve the Iranian issue in a peaceful manner,so as to avoid being bogged down into endless warfare.
文摘After nine decades of denial,military confrontation and securitisation of the Kurdish problem,the AKP government outspokenly addressed the Kurdish question,wanting to change the course of Turkish-Kurdish conflict by introducing the notion of Kurdish opening.Despite the claims of the founder of the Turkish Republic Kemal Ataturk of reconciliation within his country and with the world,Turkey still witnesses conflicts and tensions with all the countries of the region and domestically,with various secular and religious factions,and with the Kurds in particular.Since the establishment of Turkey as a modern state,peace and prosperity have not clearly been seen.Military coups have frequently overthrown civilian governments in the political arena.One of the very visible and complicated obstacles to peace and prosperity is the Kurdish problem.After three decades of costly war between the state and the Kurdish movement,in the AKP era for the first time,public negotiations between the two took place.The Kurdish movement became invested in this relatively peaceful environment and started to promote cultural nationalism on a large scale.Suddenly,however,the state abruptly ceased the peace process with representatives of the Kurdish movement and detained thousands of its activists.Some southeastern areas have faced destruction,and about one million civil habitants have been displaced.This article seeks to explain why the state has returned to its old policy of security and military approach,whilst in the past few years it had repeatedly claimed that it was possible to deal with the Kurdish question through peace and reconciliation.The research tries to examine the complex relationship between the Turkish state and the Kurdish movement.
文摘Allow me to start by thanking the CPAPD for inviting me to speak in this important event and giving the opportunity to share my insights on peace in Afghanistan and its implications in the broader South and Central Asia region and beyond.Today, I am representing a country that has suffered from violence and terrorism in the last four decades. It is an unfortunate reality that after Syria, the lingering violence in Afghanistan has turned the country into the second least peaceful one in the world.
