Rhizobacteria facilitate physiological and biochemical drought tolerance of Halimodendron halodendron (Pall.) Voss

Growth-promoting bacteria(GPB)have shown promising effects on serving plants against environmental constraints such as drought.Nevertheless,simultaneous effects of different GPB have less been considered for arid land plants and under field conditions.We investigated the effects of single and combined application of GPB,including free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria(NFB),phosphate solubilizing bacteria(PSB),potassium solubilizing bacteria(KSB),a combination of NFB,PSB,and KSB(NPK),and control,at three drought stress treatments.In order to better understand the interactions between drought and GPB,we measured the morphological,biochemical,and physiological plant traits.The target plant was salt tree(Halimodendron Halodendron(Pall.)Voss),a legume shrub native to arid lands of Central and West Asia.All biofertilizer treatments enhanced the growth,physiology,and biochemistry of salt tree seedlings,and there were significant differences among the treatments.KSB and PSB treatments increased photosynthetic pigments,but KSB treatment was more efficient in transpiration rate and stomatal regulation and increased the soluble carbohydrates.PSB treatment had the highest effect on root traits,such as taproot length,root volume,cumulative root length,and the ratio of root to shoot.NFB treatment enhanced root diameter and induced biomass translocation between root systems.However,only the application of mixed biofertilizer(i.e.,NPK treatment)was the most significant treatment to improve all plant morphological and physiological characteristics of salt tree under drought stress.Therefore,our results provided improvement of some specific plant traits simultaneous with application of three biofertilizers to increase growth and establishment of salt tree seedlings in the degraded arid lands.

考虑几何非线性的Pall型摩擦阻尼器滞回特性分析

从Pall摩擦阻尼器四连杆机构的几何非线性变形特征出发,分析支撑屈曲力、支撑刚度、滑动摩擦力对一种改进的Pall摩擦阻尼器T形芯板摩擦阻尼器的滞回特性以及支撑的受力特点的影响。一方面从分析方法上更严密地论证了T形芯板(或Pall)摩擦阻尼器的滞回特性不受支撑屈曲力影响这一结论。另一方面也揭示出一些新的规律:支撑的拉力在阻尼器起滑后并不保持为一常数,而是呈显著增加趋势;支撑的最大拉力与支撑刚度关系密切,相同摩擦力的条件下,支撑刚度越大,支撑的最大拉力越大。

Pall型摩擦阻尼框架几何非线性分析

采用大型有限元程序ANSYS分析了Pall型摩擦阻尼器(PFD)的滞回性能,证明了Pall摩擦阻尼器和改进的Pall摩擦阻尼器—T形芯板摩擦阻尼器(TFD)的力学特性是相同的.采用AN-SYS程序对安装Pall型摩擦阻尼器的钢框架和钢筋混凝土框架进行了有限元分析,分析结果表明安装Pall型摩擦阻尼器能有效提高结构的刚度,并且大大提高框架的耗能能力.

新型Pall-BRB摩擦阻尼支撑体系设计方法

考虑几何非线性采用ANSYS有限元软件对一种新型Pall-BRB摩擦阻尼支撑体系(采用防屈曲支撑(BRB)代替Pall型摩擦阻尼器(PFD)的普通支撑)的滞回特性进行分析.首先进行了Pall型普通支撑体系和Pall-BRB摩擦阻尼支撑体系的滞回性能对比分析,结果表明,防屈曲支撑在拉压循环荷载作用下均能达到屈服,拉压承载力基本一致,耗能能力优于普通支撑.然后分析了防屈曲支撑刚度、Pall型阻尼器起滑摩擦力、阻尼器的大小以及防屈曲支撑与水平方向的倾角等因素对体系滞回特性以及支撑内力的影响.结果表明,Pall-BRB支撑体系比Pall型普通支撑体系有更好的耗能性能,支撑内力变化不大且在阻尼器起滑后保持为常数,有利于抗震设计;防屈曲支撑最大内力与起滑摩擦力关系密切,起滑摩擦力越大,体系耗能能力越强,支撑越能充分发挥作用.最后提出了这种新型Pall-BRB摩擦阻尼支撑体系的设计方法.

Pall型摩擦阻尼器的新型应用方式及其性能研究

首次提出了Pall型摩擦阻尼器适用于不规则框架新型安装方式,按常规将阻尼器放置在框架中心。以等腰梯形框架结构为例,考虑几何非线性对安装Pall型摩擦阻尼器的不同坡度的该框架进行了详细的有限元分析,采用ANSYS程序对该Pall型摩擦阻尼器的滞回特性和力学特性进行了详细的分析。分析结果表明,安装Pall型摩擦阻尼器能有效提高结构的刚度,并且大大提高框架的耗能能力,但这种新型安装方式的Pall型摩擦阻尼器与原Pall摩擦阻尼器的耗能能力有差距,提出了该安装方式的适用范围,在此基础上,提出了适合梯形框架的一种新型安装方式。

PALL过滤器在重庆天然气净化总厂的应用

在重庆天然气净化总厂,由于原料气携带微小颗粒进入溶液系统,严重影响了装置的正常生产。经过现场侧线试验,选择了过滤精度高的PALL过滤器过滤分离原料天然气。从性能测试和一年多的使用情况看,除在渠县分厂试验使用效果偏低外,在其它装置的使用中,过滤0.01μm的颗粒有效率达到98.7%(m)以上,基本上解决了溶液受原料气夹带杂质而被污染的问题,给企业带来一定的经济效益和社会效益,也减轻了操作工的劳动强度。

导管架式海洋平台Pall型摩擦阻尼控制研究

笔者考虑几何非线性,首次提出了适用于海洋平台结构的Pall型摩擦阻尼器的一种新型应用方式,对安装Pall型摩擦阻尼器的不同坡度的等腰梯形框架进行了有限元分析,采用ANSYS程序对该Pall型摩擦阻尼器的滞回特性和力学特性进行了详细的分析.分析结果表明安装Pall型摩擦阻尼器能有效减小动荷载作用下的最大位移,并且大大提高框架的耗能能力,证明了这种新型Pall型摩擦阻尼器与原Pall摩擦阻尼器具有同样的耗能能力.最后,将这种摩擦阻尼器放置在海洋平台结构中,分析了此种摩擦阻尼器在海洋平台结构中的减震效果.

Pall型摩擦阻尼支撑体系试验研究

鉴于Pall型摩擦阻尼普通支撑会对框架边柱产生附加轴力,考虑采用防屈曲支撑来代替普通支撑,使支撑充分发挥作用,同时不会对边柱产生增长的附加轴力,为防屈曲支撑在Pall型摩擦阻尼支撑体系中的应用奠定基础.由于Pall型摩擦阻尼器滞回特性不受支撑屈曲力影响的特性,故采用普通钢板来代替防屈曲支撑进行Pall型摩擦阻尼支撑体系试验研究,同时对此支撑体系在考虑几何非线性情况下进行有限元AN-SYS仿真分析.对比试验结果和仿真分析结果,表明试验结果与仿真分析结果得出的Pall型摩擦阻尼器摩擦力和支撑内力的变化规律基本相同,为下一步采用防屈曲支撑体系进行试验研究奠定基础.

Analysis of the Volatile Components in Flowers of <i>Paeonia lactiflora</i>Pall. and <i>Paeonia lactiflora</i>Pall. var. <i>Trichocarpa</i>

Paeonia lactiflora Pall. var. trichocarpa is a variety of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., and is currently the peony herb’s principal cultivar group. Here, we study the differences in aromatic components and flowers of different varieties between two groups of cultivars, providing a reference for applying natural fragrance substances of peonies, breeding fragrant flower types, and developing and using improved varieties. Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), peak area normalization for each component relative to content, component library (NIST14/NIST14S) retrieval, and a literature review were used to analyze the volatile compounds in flowers of eight peony varieties, such as “Gaoganhong”, and ten comospore peony varieties, such as “Jinshanhong”. Results showed that the main volatile compound constituents in flowers of the two groups were terpenes and alcohols. Additionally, the content of eucalyptol, caryophyllene, α-Pinene, citronellol, and 3-Hexen-1-ol, acetate, (Z) was high. Peony cultivars contained linalool, (1R)-2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene, and 1,4-dimethoxybenzene, while comospore peony varieties contained 1,3,6-octatriene, 3,7-dimethyl-, (Z)-, phenylethyl alcohol, and geraniol. In this study, the differences between the volatile components of flowers of different peony varieties were clarified, laying a foundation for further molecular biology research into the floral fragrance of peonies and the cultivation of new varieties of aromatic peonies. At the same time, it also provides a theoretical basis for the development and application of peony flower by-products.

重离子及电子辐照沙打旺(Astragalus Adsurgens Pall)干种子的辐射生物学效应

本文采用80MeV/u12C6+和50keV的电子辐照沙打旺干种子,研究沙打旺干种子不同注量的辐照生物学效应,检测其生理生化指标。结果表明:无论是碳离子辐照还是电子辐照,发芽势都随注量的增加先升高后降低,发芽率都随注量增加逐渐降低。其次,碳离子辐照样品,其超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性变化随注量增加先升高后降低,即存在一个峰值,过氧化氢酶(CAT)在高于5×106ions/cm2注量的离子辐照中其活性基本不发生变化;不同注量的电子辐照,样品的CAT、SOD、GSH-Px活性都是先升高后降低。第三,无论是碳离子辐照还是电子辐照样品的谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量变化不显著,与注量的变化没有明显的相关性。总而言之,本工作发现碳离子及电子辐照样品,其多个生理生化指标均随注量的增加呈先升高后降低的趋势,但GSH变化对碳离子或电子辐照都不敏感。

小车前(Plantago minuta Pall.)种子表面粘液物质的吸水特性及其对种子在干旱环境中萌发的影响

为了理解荒漠短命植物小车前(Plantago minuta Pall.)种子表面的粘液物质对种子在干旱环境中萌发的作用,在室内控制条件下研究了粘液物质的吸水保水特性、剥离粘液物质的种子(无粘液种子)和保留粘液物质的种子(粘液种子)在-1.15^-0.15MPa不同渗透胁迫条件下的萌发状况。结果表明:(1)小车前种子表面的粘液物质干重占粘液种子干重的5.6%;在去离子水中,粘液物质可以吸收相当于其自身干重217.1倍的水分;粘液物质的存在使得小车前种子的吸水倍数由2倍增加至14倍,从而保证为种子萌发提供充足的水分;(2)干燥的粘液种子吸水2h后即达到饱和,而吸水饱和后的粘液种子在室温下晾置,经过48h后又干燥失水恢复至原重;(3)在去离子水中或低渗透胁迫(-0.33^-0.15MPa)条件下,粘液物质吸水作用能促进小车前种子萌发,粘液种子3d的发芽势和10d的总萌发率均显著高于无粘液种子;在高渗透胁迫(-1.15^-0.73MPa)条件下,粘液种子3d的发芽势显著低于无粘液种子的,而10d的总萌发率与无粘液种子的没有显著差别,表明粘液物质在干旱条件下可能从种子而非外界环境中吸取水分,减缓了种子萌发速率。通过上述结果可以认为小车前种子表面的粘液物质在早春干湿交替剧烈的荒漠生境中起到通过调节水分来调节种子萌发的作用,这种萌发策略大大降低了因大批种子同时萌发导致幼苗受旱甚至种群灭亡的潜在风险。

楔叶茶藨(Ribes diacanthum Pall.)果实营养成分及其食用价值评价

对楔叶茶藨果实的营养成分进行测定.结果表明,其阴干果实富含糖、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、维生素C、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素PP、维生素A、维生素E、胡萝卜素、10种矿质元素和18种氨基酸等丰富的营养物质,具有很高的食用价值,可以将其开发为内蒙古兼有经济和生态双重功能的乡土资源植物.

Determination of Aromatic Components of Rosa davurica Pall. by Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction Combined with GC-MS

[Objectives] To determine the aromatic components of Rosa davurica Pall. [Methods] 42 kinds of aromatic components were identified from the flowers of R. davurica by headspace solid phase microextraction( HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC-MS). The main compounds were alcohols( 54. 88%) and aldehydes( 19. 55%). [Results] The top five components with the highest relative content were phenylethyl alcohol( 12. 69%),geraniol( 9. 85%),citronellol( 8. 80%),nerol( 7. 84%) and 2-n-pentylfuran( 7. 45%). [Conclusions] Headspace solid phase microextraction( HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC-MS) can provide basis for further development and utilization of R. davurica.

New Chemical Compound from Caragana jubata(pall.) Poir.

A new pterocarpan glycoside, （-）-maackiain 3-O-6＇-O-acrylyl-β-D-galactopyranoside（1） was isolated from the whole parts of Caragana jubata（pall.） Poir., together with three known pterocarpan glycosides, （-）-maackiain 3-O-6＇-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranoside（2）, （-）-maackiain 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（3） and （-）-maackiain 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside（4）. All the compounds were isolated from the title plant for the first time. The structure of the new compound was established on the basis of detailed 1D, 2D NMR and circular dichroism spectroscopic analyses. All the compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against three tumor cell lines, A549, HL-60 and P388.

白刺(NitrariasibiricaPall.)胚胎学的研究 1.小孢子和雄配子体的发育

花药药壁发育为基本型.成熟绒毡层细胞具双核,属分泌型,小孢子母细胞减数分裂为同时型,小孢子四分体排列为四面体形,单核小孢子第一次有丝分裂时,纺锤体始终与小孢子细胞长轴平行.生殖核先于营养核形成,胞质分裂极不对称,营养细胞与生殖细胞间具明显的、非肼胝质性质的壁.散粉时花粉粒为2细胞,细胞内贮藏丰富淀粉粒.花药各部分组织中始终富合淀粉粒,在小孢子及雄配子体发育过程中,淀粉的消长显示一定的功能相关规律.小孢子母细胞在减数分裂前期时开始积累肼胝质壁;刚释放的小孢子肼胝质荧光弱,液泡期小孢子具较强的肼胝质荧光.

白刺Nitraria sibirica Pall.胚胎学研究——4 果实和种子的发育解剖学

本文报道白刺果实和种子的发育解剖及其发育过程中淀粉的变化。白刺果实为复合核果。由三心皮合生的三室子房发育而来。三个子房室中有一室不产生胚珠,所形成的两个胚珠中仅一个最后形成种子,另一胚珠中途退化。果壁由外果皮。中果皮和内果皮组成。外果皮成熟时肉质可食;中果皮源于维管形成层,由纤维细胞构成。为成熟核果的果核部分;内果皮由约8层薄壁细胞构成,果实成熟时退化解体。种皮由内珠被、外珠被和最外层珠心细胞共同构成。胚珠在其发育过程中产生承珠盘和珠孔塞结构。

Cultivating Erect Milkvetch (Astragalus adsurgens Pall.) (Leguminosae) Improved Soil Properties inLoess Hilly and Gulliesin China

Erect milkvetch （Astragalus adsurgens Pall.）, a leguminous grass, is a major source of fuel and forage, and has an important role in the restoration of the degraded ecosystems in central and northeastern China. The objective of this work was to investigate how erect milkvetch planting would affect the physical and chemical properties of soil in degraded arable lands. Soil samples at the depths of 0-20 and 20-40 cm were collected from erect milkvetch planting fileds at ages of 0, 1, 2 and 3 yr. Changes in soil bulk density, soil porosity, total N and P, organic matter content, available P, hydrolysable N and available K were measured. The results showed that root biomass and above-ground plant biomass were both significantly increased with plantation age. The significant increase in root nodule biomass was not observed in the first two years. However, it was significantly increased after three years. Root growth of erect milkvetch improved soil structure, and hence, decreased soil bulk density and increased soil porosity. Furthermore, the nitrogen fixation by erect milkvetch and return of erect milkvetch plant to soil increased the soil total N, hydrolysable N and organic matter content of the soil. Low concentrations of P in the soil with erect milkvetch planting could be ascribed to high plant uptakes and possibly to high sequestrations of P in plant biomass. Concentrations of K significantly increased during the first two years of erect milkvetch planting. The high accumulation of K under erect milkvetch cultivation in the first two years could partly be attributed to low plant uptake, and partly to relatively quick recycling within plant-soil systems. Three years after erect milkvetch plantingr, K accumulation at 0-20 cm soil layer was significantly lower than that from non-vegetated field sites, which could be attributed to high plant uptake. These parameters, except for soil bulk density, were all decreased with increasing soil depth. Soil total N, organic matter, porosity and available K in the 20-40 cm layer all showed linear increase trends, and soil bulk density, total P and available P in the depth 0-20 cm layer soil were decreased with increasing planting age. Erect milkvetch establishment could be an effective and applicable measure to improve soil nutrients, and prevent further soil degradation and erosion.

Pall 摩擦耗能器的设计方法

通过对Ｐａｌ摩擦耗能器的机构变形分析，建立了摩擦器芯板螺栓槽孔的设计方法；通过对摩擦器的受力分析，确定了摩擦器螺栓紧固力的设计方法。