Over Pd/Fe bimetallic catalyst, o-nitrochlorobenzene(o-NCB), at a concentration of 20 mg/L in aqueous solutions, is rapidly converted to o-chloroaniline(o-CAN) first, and then quickly dechlorinated to aniline(AN...Over Pd/Fe bimetallic catalyst, o-nitrochlorobenzene(o-NCB), at a concentration of 20 mg/L in aqueous solutions, is rapidly converted to o-chloroaniline(o-CAN) first, and then quickly dechlorinated to aniline(AN) and Cl^- , without other intermediate reaction products. The aminated and dechlorinated reactions are believed to take place on the surface site of the Pd/Fe. The o-NCB removal efficiency and the next dechlorination rate increase with an increase of bulk loading of palladium and catalysts addition due to the increase of both the surface loading of palladium and the total surface area. These results indicate that reduction, amination and dechlorination of o- NCB by palladium-catalyzed Fe^0 particles, can be designed for remediation of contaminated groundwater.展开更多
(?)-Aryl-(?)-cyanosulfones are prepared under mild conditions with good yields by using palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction between aryl halides and (?)-cyanosulfones in the presence of phase transfer catalyst.
This report discloses a distinctive palladium-catalyzed sequential tandem cyclization reaction of two molecular haloalkynes and one molecular N-alkylanilines,leading to the efficient assembly of various 3-halo-1,2,5-t...This report discloses a distinctive palladium-catalyzed sequential tandem cyclization reaction of two molecular haloalkynes and one molecular N-alkylanilines,leading to the efficient assembly of various 3-halo-1,2,5-triarylpyrrole derivatives.Two carbon-carbon tri-ple bonds and one carbon-halogen bond in two molecular haloalkynes are transformed conveniently in one single step,which may involve the aminoalkynylation of haloalkyne and cyclization of the newly formed enyne intermediate.The high chemo-and regiose-lectivities,good functional group tolerance and late-stage modification of the halopyrrole products further illustrate the synthetic value of this strategy.展开更多
Hydrocarbonylation of conjugated dienes is one of the most promising yet challenging methods for the synthesis of carbonyl compounds.Herein,we reported the development of an unprecedented palladium-catalyzed branched ...Hydrocarbonylation of conjugated dienes is one of the most promising yet challenging methods for the synthesis of carbonyl compounds.Herein,we reported the development of an unprecedented palladium-catalyzed branched selective 3,4-hydroaminocarbonylation of 1,3-dienes with CO and amines hydrochloride to affordβ,γ-unsaturated amides.This reaction employs readily available starting materials(including anilines,amines,amino acids,peptides,aryl-1,3-dienes,alyl-1,3-dienes)and tolerates a wide range of functional groups,thus providing a facile and effective approach to access a diverse array ofα-substitutedβ,γ-unsaturated amides.Mechanistic investigations suggested that the hydropalladation of dienes is irreversible,and the insertion of CO into the allyl-Pd species is probably the rate-limiting step.展开更多
The synthesis of carbazoles based on the electrochemical Pd-catalyzed intramolecular C-H amination of 2-amidobiaryls through oxidative cross coupling has been achieved under mild reaction conditions.The reaction can b...The synthesis of carbazoles based on the electrochemical Pd-catalyzed intramolecular C-H amination of 2-amidobiaryls through oxidative cross coupling has been achieved under mild reaction conditions.The reaction can be carried out in undivided cell without the addition of external chemical oxidant.Besides good functional group compatibility,the desired carbazoles can be scaled up and modified easily.Compared with previous methods,this protocol affords a simple and sustainable avenue for the construction of car-bazoles.展开更多
A palladium-catalyzed oxidative vicinal diazidation of alkenes has been developed, in which TMSN3 was used as azide source. Both styrenes and unactivated alkenes are suitable for this reaction. And trans-alkyldiazides...A palladium-catalyzed oxidative vicinal diazidation of alkenes has been developed, in which TMSN3 was used as azide source. Both styrenes and unactivated alkenes are suitable for this reaction. And trans-alkyldiazides were obtained as major products from cyclic alkenes with moderate to good diastereoselectivities. This reaction afforded an efficient way for the synthesis of useful 1,2-diamines after hydrogenation.展开更多
Main observation and conclusion A divergent and novel protocol for the preparation of both pyrido[2,3,4-kl]acridine and pyrido[4,3,2-kl]acridine alkaloids was developed.This method featured the remote palladium-cataly...Main observation and conclusion A divergent and novel protocol for the preparation of both pyrido[2,3,4-kl]acridine and pyrido[4,3,2-kl]acridine alkaloids was developed.This method featured the remote palladium-catalyzed reductive cyclization with Mo(CO)_(6) as reductant.A wide range of substrates including three types of nitro arenes were tolerated and afforded corresponding products in good to excellent yields.展开更多
Herein,we report a novel palladium(Pd)-catalyzed asymmetric domino Heck/carbocyclization/Suzuki reaction of N-(2-bromoaryl)-2-naphthylacrylamides.The reaction involves a novel and enantioselective dearomative 1,2-inse...Herein,we report a novel palladium(Pd)-catalyzed asymmetric domino Heck/carbocyclization/Suzuki reaction of N-(2-bromoaryl)-2-naphthylacrylamides.The reaction involves a novel and enantioselective dearomative 1,2-insertion of the naphthalene group,thus providing a unique dearomatization strategy of nonactivated naphthalenes.A new phosphoramidite ligand L12,which displayed excellent reactivity and enantioselectivity in the reaction,has been developed.展开更多
A novel method for the synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetraalkyl-1,4-diarylbutadienes was developed via palladiumcatalyzed cross-coupling of zirconacyclopentadienes with aryl iodides. Equivalent of Cu Cl was introduced to promo...A novel method for the synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetraalkyl-1,4-diarylbutadienes was developed via palladiumcatalyzed cross-coupling of zirconacyclopentadienes with aryl iodides. Equivalent of Cu Cl was introduced to promote the reaction. The desired products were obtained in good to excellent yields and several of them were reported for the first time.展开更多
Summary of main observation and conclusion An efficient Pd-catalyzed three-component coupling reaction of allyl carboxylates, norbornenes and diboronates is described, which allows efficient assembly of C(sp3)-C(sp3) ...Summary of main observation and conclusion An efficient Pd-catalyzed three-component coupling reaction of allyl carboxylates, norbornenes and diboronates is described, which allows efficient assembly of C(sp3)-C(sp3) and C(sp3)-B bonds in a single process. Moreover, this approach shows advantages of good chemo- and regioselectivity, as well as good substrates suitability.展开更多
The natural product cucurbitacin B has been widely studied because of its multiple biological activities,especially its potent antitumor effects.However,modifications of cucurbitacin B are mainly focused on the C2 and...The natural product cucurbitacin B has been widely studied because of its multiple biological activities,especially its potent antitumor effects.However,modifications of cucurbitacin B are mainly focused on the C2 and C16 site,studies on the C25 acetoxy group are still limited.We successfully developed a palladium-catalyzed allylic coupling of cucurbitacin B with boronic acids,providing a one-step approach to expand the chemical diversity of the C25 position.Our method was protecting-group-free,showing a good functional group tolerance and a wide substrate scope under mild reaction conditions.A library of 29 derivatives was prepared,compounds 2q and 2u showed higher cytotoxicity against A549 cells than cucurbitacin B,compounds 2n and 2o maintained potency,and the introduced hydroxyl and amino groups could be further derived.展开更多
A simultaneous C2-H arylation and C8-H alkylation of naphthalene ring has been achieved by palladiumcatalyzed cascade reaction of N-(2-halophenyl)-2-(naphthalen-1-yl)acrylamides with aryl iodides,which provides an eff...A simultaneous C2-H arylation and C8-H alkylation of naphthalene ring has been achieved by palladiumcatalyzed cascade reaction of N-(2-halophenyl)-2-(naphthalen-1-yl)acrylamides with aryl iodides,which provides an efficient method for synthesizing various aryl-substituted spirocyclic oxindoles.The protocol enables three C-C bonds formation via an intramolecular Heck reaction and sequentially regioselective C-H bond activation.展开更多
Pd-catalyzed oxidative homocoupling of 2-arylquinazolinones was successfully developed for the direct construction of biaryls via C—H bond activation.New well-defined structure that possessed two quinazolinone units ...Pd-catalyzed oxidative homocoupling of 2-arylquinazolinones was successfully developed for the direct construction of biaryls via C—H bond activation.New well-defined structure that possessed two quinazolinone units was obtained with high efficiency and atomic economy.The protocols offer an efficient approach to the synthetically useful and functionalized biaryls in good yields using quinazolinone as a directing group.展开更多
Many of the commonly used pharmaceuticals and biologically active natural products are nitrogencontaining compounds.Recently,the transitionmetal-catalyzed or the radical-mediated 1,2-carboamination of alkenes has been...Many of the commonly used pharmaceuticals and biologically active natural products are nitrogencontaining compounds.Recently,the transitionmetal-catalyzed or the radical-mediated 1,2-carboamination of alkenes has been well explored to access amine scaffolds.However,synthetic strategies toward the 1,1-carboamination of alkenes are severely limited.Herein,we describe a method to achieve the 1,1-arylamination using readily available building blocks enabled by palladium catalysis.This sequential three step-Heck arylation,metal migration,followed by aza-1,6-Micheal addition process exhibits excellent chemo-and regioselectivity.To showcase the potential as a method for diversity-oriented drug discovery,the modification of numerous structurally complex bioactive molecules was also successfully performed.展开更多
An efficient palladium-catalyzed sulfonylative coupling for the synthesis of benzyl(allyl)sulfones from sulfonyl hydrazides and carbonates was developed.The novel methodology employs easily accessible chemical feedsto...An efficient palladium-catalyzed sulfonylative coupling for the synthesis of benzyl(allyl)sulfones from sulfonyl hydrazides and carbonates was developed.The novel methodology employs easily accessible chemical feedstocks including stable and readily available arylsulfonyl hydrazides and benzyl(allyl)carbonates.A variety of benzyl(allyl)sulfones could be obtained in good to excellent yields in the presence of Pd(dppf)Cl2 without additional base under mild conditions.展开更多
The palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of phenyl fluoroalkanesulfonates with organozinc,organotin and organoaluminum reagents in the presence of lithium chloride takes place to afford alkylbenzenes in good yi...The palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of phenyl fluoroalkanesulfonates with organozinc,organotin and organoaluminum reagents in the presence of lithium chloride takes place to afford alkylbenzenes in good yields.However,the coupling reaction with organolithium and Grignard reagents proceeds unsatisfactorily with poor regioselectivity.On the basis of the isolation of an oxidative addition product of phenyl fluoroalkanesulfonate to palladium,a catalytic cycle in the reaction is suggested.展开更多
Recently we and others have reported that palladium could insert into the carbon-oxygen bond of phenyl fluoroalkanesulfonates,ArOSOR(1),which could be convenientlyprepared from phenols.Thus,alkenylation and alkynyla...Recently we and others have reported that palladium could insert into the carbon-oxygen bond of phenyl fluoroalkanesulfonates,ArOSOR(1),which could be convenientlyprepared from phenols.Thus,alkenylation and alkynylation of phenols could be accom-plished via the Heck reaction of 1,and moreover,some procedures for alkylation of phenolshave been provided by the cross-coupling reaction of 1 with organozincs and organotins,In order to extend the scope of the coupling reaction of 1,we are attracted by the palladium-展开更多
Palladium-catalyzed allylation of carbonucleophiles has been widely used for carbon-carbon bond formation.Among the allylic compounds studied,allylic acetates were mostwidely used as precursors of(π-allyl)palladium i...Palladium-catalyzed allylation of carbonucleophiles has been widely used for carbon-carbon bond formation.Among the allylic compounds studied,allylic acetates were mostwidely used as precursors of(π-allyl)palladium intermediates.However,bases such as NaHmust be used to generate anions in this reaction.Recently,research on carrying out the palla-.展开更多
Di(4-bromophenyl)ketone and various aromatic diamines as the monomers,a series of novel poly(imino ketone)s (PIKs)have been synthesized via palladium-catalyzed aryl amination,which is Hartwig-Buchwald polycondensation...Di(4-bromophenyl)ketone and various aromatic diamines as the monomers,a series of novel poly(imino ketone)s (PIKs)have been synthesized via palladium-catalyzed aryl amination,which is Hartwig-Buchwald polycondensation reaction.The structures of PIKs are characterized by means of elemental analysis,FT-IR,~1H-NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results show a good agreement with the proposed structure.The general properties of PIKs are studied by DSC,TG and wide-angle X-ray diffraction,the solubility behavior is...展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China( No. 20407015) and the Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province of China( No.2004C34006)
文摘Over Pd/Fe bimetallic catalyst, o-nitrochlorobenzene(o-NCB), at a concentration of 20 mg/L in aqueous solutions, is rapidly converted to o-chloroaniline(o-CAN) first, and then quickly dechlorinated to aniline(AN) and Cl^- , without other intermediate reaction products. The aminated and dechlorinated reactions are believed to take place on the surface site of the Pd/Fe. The o-NCB removal efficiency and the next dechlorination rate increase with an increase of bulk loading of palladium and catalysts addition due to the increase of both the surface loading of palladium and the total surface area. These results indicate that reduction, amination and dechlorination of o- NCB by palladium-catalyzed Fe^0 particles, can be designed for remediation of contaminated groundwater.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province
文摘(?)-Aryl-(?)-cyanosulfones are prepared under mild conditions with good yields by using palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction between aryl halides and (?)-cyanosulfones in the presence of phase transfer catalyst.
基金The authors thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22071063 and 21871095)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021B1515020058)the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2020B010188001)forfinancialsupport.
文摘This report discloses a distinctive palladium-catalyzed sequential tandem cyclization reaction of two molecular haloalkynes and one molecular N-alkylanilines,leading to the efficient assembly of various 3-halo-1,2,5-triarylpyrrole derivatives.Two carbon-carbon tri-ple bonds and one carbon-halogen bond in two molecular haloalkynes are transformed conveniently in one single step,which may involve the aminoalkynylation of haloalkyne and cyclization of the newly formed enyne intermediate.The high chemo-and regiose-lectivities,good functional group tolerance and late-stage modification of the halopyrrole products further illustrate the synthetic value of this strategy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22171224,21971204)the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi Province(2020TD-022)the Fund of Education Department of Shaanxi Provincial Government(22JP082)。
文摘Hydrocarbonylation of conjugated dienes is one of the most promising yet challenging methods for the synthesis of carbonyl compounds.Herein,we reported the development of an unprecedented palladium-catalyzed branched selective 3,4-hydroaminocarbonylation of 1,3-dienes with CO and amines hydrochloride to affordβ,γ-unsaturated amides.This reaction employs readily available starting materials(including anilines,amines,amino acids,peptides,aryl-1,3-dienes,alyl-1,3-dienes)and tolerates a wide range of functional groups,thus providing a facile and effective approach to access a diverse array ofα-substitutedβ,γ-unsaturated amides.Mechanistic investigations suggested that the hydropalladation of dienes is irreversible,and the insertion of CO into the allyl-Pd species is probably the rate-limiting step.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21520102003)the Hubei Province Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2017CFA010).The Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities of China(111 Program)is also appreciated.
文摘The synthesis of carbazoles based on the electrochemical Pd-catalyzed intramolecular C-H amination of 2-amidobiaryls through oxidative cross coupling has been achieved under mild reaction conditions.The reaction can be carried out in undivided cell without the addition of external chemical oxidant.Besides good functional group compatibility,the desired carbazoles can be scaled up and modified easily.Compared with previous methods,this protocol affords a simple and sustainable avenue for the construction of car-bazoles.
基金We are grateful for financial support from the Na- tional Basic Research Program of China (No. 973-2015CB856600), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21225210, 21421091 and 21532009).
文摘A palladium-catalyzed oxidative vicinal diazidation of alkenes has been developed, in which TMSN3 was used as azide source. Both styrenes and unactivated alkenes are suitable for this reaction. And trans-alkyldiazides were obtained as major products from cyclic alkenes with moderate to good diastereoselectivities. This reaction afforded an efficient way for the synthesis of useful 1,2-diamines after hydrogenation.
基金This project is financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFC0310900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81903499 and 41729002)the Innovative Research Team of High-Level Local Universities in Shanghai(No.SSMU-ZLCX20180702).
文摘Main observation and conclusion A divergent and novel protocol for the preparation of both pyrido[2,3,4-kl]acridine and pyrido[4,3,2-kl]acridine alkaloids was developed.This method featured the remote palladium-catalyzed reductive cyclization with Mo(CO)_(6) as reductant.A wide range of substrates including three types of nitro arenes were tolerated and afforded corresponding products in good to excellent yields.
基金supported by generous grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.NSFC-21971204,21622203,and 21702161)the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi Province(no.2020TD-022).
文摘Herein,we report a novel palladium(Pd)-catalyzed asymmetric domino Heck/carbocyclization/Suzuki reaction of N-(2-bromoaryl)-2-naphthylacrylamides.The reaction involves a novel and enantioselective dearomative 1,2-insertion of the naphthalene group,thus providing a unique dearomatization strategy of nonactivated naphthalenes.A new phosphoramidite ligand L12,which displayed excellent reactivity and enantioselectivity in the reaction,has been developed.
文摘A novel method for the synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetraalkyl-1,4-diarylbutadienes was developed via palladiumcatalyzed cross-coupling of zirconacyclopentadienes with aryl iodides. Equivalent of Cu Cl was introduced to promote the reaction. The desired products were obtained in good to excellent yields and several of them were reported for the first time.
基金the National Program on Key Research Project (No. 2016YFA0602900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21420102003)the Guangdong Province Science Foundation (No. 2017B090903003) for financial support.
文摘Summary of main observation and conclusion An efficient Pd-catalyzed three-component coupling reaction of allyl carboxylates, norbornenes and diboronates is described, which allows efficient assembly of C(sp3)-C(sp3) and C(sp3)-B bonds in a single process. Moreover, this approach shows advantages of good chemo- and regioselectivity, as well as good substrates suitability.
文摘The natural product cucurbitacin B has been widely studied because of its multiple biological activities,especially its potent antitumor effects.However,modifications of cucurbitacin B are mainly focused on the C2 and C16 site,studies on the C25 acetoxy group are still limited.We successfully developed a palladium-catalyzed allylic coupling of cucurbitacin B with boronic acids,providing a one-step approach to expand the chemical diversity of the C25 position.Our method was protecting-group-free,showing a good functional group tolerance and a wide substrate scope under mild reaction conditions.A library of 29 derivatives was prepared,compounds 2q and 2u showed higher cytotoxicity against A549 cells than cucurbitacin B,compounds 2n and 2o maintained potency,and the introduced hydroxyl and amino groups could be further derived.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.21572051,21602057,21901071,and 21971061)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (Nos.2020JJ5350 and 2020JJ5347)+1 种基金Scientific Research Fund of Hunan ProvincialEducation Department (Nos.18A002,19B359 and 17C1137)Science and Technology Planning Project of Hunan Province (No. 2018TP1017) for financial support。
文摘A simultaneous C2-H arylation and C8-H alkylation of naphthalene ring has been achieved by palladiumcatalyzed cascade reaction of N-(2-halophenyl)-2-(naphthalen-1-yl)acrylamides with aryl iodides,which provides an efficient method for synthesizing various aryl-substituted spirocyclic oxindoles.The protocol enables three C-C bonds formation via an intramolecular Heck reaction and sequentially regioselective C-H bond activation.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21572072)111 Project(No.BC2018061)and Y.Feng thanks the financial support of Scientific Research Foundation of Xiamen Huaxia University(No.HX201807)+1 种基金Outstanding Youth Scientific Research Cultivation Plan in Fujian Province University(No.201808)the Fujian Education and Scientific Research Project for Young and Middle-aged Teachers(No.JAT190990)。
文摘Pd-catalyzed oxidative homocoupling of 2-arylquinazolinones was successfully developed for the direct construction of biaryls via C—H bond activation.New well-defined structure that possessed two quinazolinone units was obtained with high efficiency and atomic economy.The protocols offer an efficient approach to the synthetically useful and functionalized biaryls in good yields using quinazolinone as a directing group.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(no.22071267)the National Science and Technology Major Project“Key New Drug Creation and Manufacturing Program,”China(no.2020ZX09201015)+1 种基金the Innovation Team of the“DoubleFirst Class Initiative”(nos.CPU2018GY04 and CPU2018GY35)the Foundation of the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines(no.SKLNMZZ202023).
文摘Many of the commonly used pharmaceuticals and biologically active natural products are nitrogencontaining compounds.Recently,the transitionmetal-catalyzed or the radical-mediated 1,2-carboamination of alkenes has been well explored to access amine scaffolds.However,synthetic strategies toward the 1,1-carboamination of alkenes are severely limited.Herein,we describe a method to achieve the 1,1-arylamination using readily available building blocks enabled by palladium catalysis.This sequential three step-Heck arylation,metal migration,followed by aza-1,6-Micheal addition process exhibits excellent chemo-and regioselectivity.To showcase the potential as a method for diversity-oriented drug discovery,the modification of numerous structurally complex bioactive molecules was also successfully performed.
基金We gratefully acknowledge the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21801040,22008028,22102022)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(Nos.20192BAB213006,20181BBH80007)+1 种基金the Opening Project of Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices(Nos.PMND202001,PMND202003)East China University of Technology Research Foundation for Advanced Talents(No.DHBK2017168)provides financial support.
文摘An efficient palladium-catalyzed sulfonylative coupling for the synthesis of benzyl(allyl)sulfones from sulfonyl hydrazides and carbonates was developed.The novel methodology employs easily accessible chemical feedstocks including stable and readily available arylsulfonyl hydrazides and benzyl(allyl)carbonates.A variety of benzyl(allyl)sulfones could be obtained in good to excellent yields in the presence of Pd(dppf)Cl2 without additional base under mild conditions.
文摘The palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of phenyl fluoroalkanesulfonates with organozinc,organotin and organoaluminum reagents in the presence of lithium chloride takes place to afford alkylbenzenes in good yields.However,the coupling reaction with organolithium and Grignard reagents proceeds unsatisfactorily with poor regioselectivity.On the basis of the isolation of an oxidative addition product of phenyl fluoroalkanesulfonate to palladium,a catalytic cycle in the reaction is suggested.
文摘Recently we and others have reported that palladium could insert into the carbon-oxygen bond of phenyl fluoroalkanesulfonates,ArOSOR(1),which could be convenientlyprepared from phenols.Thus,alkenylation and alkynylation of phenols could be accom-plished via the Heck reaction of 1,and moreover,some procedures for alkylation of phenolshave been provided by the cross-coupling reaction of 1 with organozincs and organotins,In order to extend the scope of the coupling reaction of 1,we are attracted by the palladium-
文摘Palladium-catalyzed allylation of carbonucleophiles has been widely used for carbon-carbon bond formation.Among the allylic compounds studied,allylic acetates were mostwidely used as precursors of(π-allyl)palladium intermediates.However,bases such as NaHmust be used to generate anions in this reaction.Recently,research on carrying out the palla-.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.15076017).
文摘Di(4-bromophenyl)ketone and various aromatic diamines as the monomers,a series of novel poly(imino ketone)s (PIKs)have been synthesized via palladium-catalyzed aryl amination,which is Hartwig-Buchwald polycondensation reaction.The structures of PIKs are characterized by means of elemental analysis,FT-IR,~1H-NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results show a good agreement with the proposed structure.The general properties of PIKs are studied by DSC,TG and wide-angle X-ray diffraction,the solubility behavior is...