Effect of sucrose and potassium nitrate on biomass and saponin content of Talinum paniculatum Gaertn. hairy root in balloon-type bubble bioreactor

Objective:To increase biomass and saponin production in hairy root culture of Talinum paniculatum Gaertn.(T.paniculatum)in balloon-type bubble bioreactor(BTBB).Methods:Hairy roots which were collected from leaf explants of T.paniculatum were infected by Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain LB510.The hairy roots were cultivated at400 m L Murashige and Skoog liquid medium without growth regulator(MS0)in1 000 m L BTBB.Each BTBB had 2 g hairy roots as initial inoculum and these cultures were treated with various concentrations of sucrose(3%,4%,5%,6%w/v)and potassium nitrate(0.5,1.0,1.5 and 2.0 strength of MS medium).Cultures were maintained for 14days.Fresh and dry weights of hairy roots at the end of culture were investigated.Results:Various concentrations of sucrose influenced the biomass accumulation of hairy roots.Maximum biomass was reached by MS medium supplemented with 6%sucrose and it was approximately threefold higher than control.Culture supplemented with potassium nitrate at 2.0 strength of MS0 could increase biomass accumulation of hairy roots until 0.14 g dry weight and it was almost threefold higher than control.However,the maximum saponin content was obtained by MS medium supplemented with 5%sucrose and 2.0 strength potassium nitrate of MS.Conclusions:Based on this research,those conditions can be used to produce biomass and saponin of hairy root of T.paniculatum in the large scale.

New C(21) steroidal glycoside from Cynanchum paniculatum

A new C21 steroidal glycoside, neocynapanogenin F 3-O-β-D-thevetoside 1, as well as its known aglycone neocynapanogenin F 2, which have an aberrant 13, 14：14, 15-disecopregnane-type skeleton were isolated from the root of Cynanchum paniculatum. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis. These compounds showed certain cytotoxic activities in vitro.

A New Cyclic Bisdesmoside from Tubers of Bolbostemma paniculatum

The structure of tubeimoside V (1), a new cyclic bisdesmoside, isolated from tubers of Bolbostemma paniculatum (Tu Bei Mu), was established by means of 2D NMR spectral and chemical methods. Compound 1 has inter-saccharide chain bridging by a dicrotalic acid to form a unique macrocyclic structure.

Two New C21 Steroidal Glycosides from the Roots of Cynanchum paniculatum

Two new C21 steroidal glycosides,paniculatumosides H and I,together with four known ones were isolated from the roots of Cynanchum paniculatum(Bge.)Kitag.Their structures were identifed by spectroscopic methods including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques.All compounds were subjected to detect the anti-tobacco mosaic virus(TMV)activities and their cytotoxities against three human tumor cell lines(SMMC-7721,MDA-MB-231 and A549).The results showed that compounds 1 and 5 exhibited potent protective activities against TMV,while 2,4 and 6 had moderate efects on the SMMC7721 cancer cells viability.

Two New Sterols from Bolbostemma paniculatum

Two new sterols were isolated from bulbs of Bolbostemma paniculatum (Maxim.) Franquet. Their structures were elucidated as stigmasta-7, 22, 25-triene-3-O-nonadecanoic acid ester (1) and stigmasta-7, 22, 25-triene-3-O-B-D- (6'-palmitoyl) glucopyranoside (2) by chemical and spectroscopic methods.

Two diglucosylated anthocyanins from <i>Combretum paniculatum</i>flowers

From Combretum paniculatum flowers, two diglucosylated derivatives from cyanidin and pelargonidin were identified using chromatographic (TLC), chemical (degradation by hydrolysis, tests of revelations) and spectral [UV-visible, 1H-NMR (1H and 13C, TOCSY-1D, DQF-COSY, NOESY-2D)] methods. These pigments were found to consist of cyanidin 3,5-O-β-D-diglu-copyranoside and pelargonidin 3。

Oral Use of an Infusion of Leaves of <i>Solanum paniculatum</i>L., </i>Jacaranda brasiliensis</i>and </i>Sonchus oleraceus</i>for Treatment of Vitiligo

Background: A healthy normal skin is essential for a person’s physical and mental well being. It is an important aspect of their sexual attractiveness, a sense of well being and a sense of self confidence. Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentation disorder of skin affecting 1% - 4% of the world population. Neither life threatening nor symptomatic (except that depigmented patches burn easily when exposed to the sun) the effects of vitiligo can be cosmetically and psychologically devastating. Because the disease is still not understood, there is a plethora of different treatments approaches, but they are largely unsatisfactory from patient’s perspective. Objective: To report the outcomes from oral use of an infusion of leaves of Solanum paniculatum L., Jacaranda brasiliensis and Sonchus oleraceus for treatment of vitiligo. Ethical issues: Study approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (CAAE: 32143314.9.0000.5252). All participants confirmed the condition of volunteer by signing the Informed Consent Form. Methods: From October 2014 to October 2015 twelve subjects consumed daily four glasses (800 ml) of proposed phytotherapeutic preparation. Results: All subjects were highly satisfied about their outcomes. Total depigmentation was considered as a positive outcome because it is cosmetically acceptable. Total depigmentation was observed in presence of 80% or more of depigmenteted patches. Conclusions: The phytotherapeutic preparation proposed is effective on treatment of depigmenteted patches in vitiligo.

外源Ca^(2+)对土人参(Talinum paniculatum)种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

将无菌土人参种子接种在含0.001、0.01、0.1、1.0、10、30 mmol/L Ca2+的MS固体培养基中,光照恒温培养,测定种子发芽率、发芽时间,以及幼苗形态、生理指标。结果表明,当培养基Ca2+浓度为0.1 mmol/L时,种子萌发时间最短,平均叶片数最多,平均株高最高,分别为9 d、11.82片和4.28 cm;当培养基Ca2+浓度为1.0 mmol/L时,种子发芽率、Chl a含量、Chl b含量最高,依次为74%、1.00 mg/g和0.14 mg/g;当培养基Ca2+浓度为30 mmol/L时,水势急剧下降;随着培养基中Ca2+浓度的增加,土人参根系活力呈曾加趋势,培养基中的Ca2+浓度为1.0 mmol/L时,根系活力为1.67 mg/(g.h)。土人参生长的最佳钙离子浓度范围为0.01～1.0 mmol/L。

滇紫草 Onosma paniculatum 愈伤组织中主要成分的抑菌作用

从诱导形成的滇紫草愈伤组织中分离得到四种单体.其中两种单体:β、β-二甲基丙烯酰阿卡宁(β,β-dimethyacrylalkannin,)和乙酰阿卡宁(Acetylalkannin,)的愈伤组织混合色素,对金黄色葡萄球菌和假单孢杆菌都有比较明显的抑制作用.尤其是乙酰阿卡宁抑制效果格外显著.然而对大肠杆菌却表现不出抑制效应.

中草药徐长卿(Cynanchum paniculatum)治疗毒蛇咬伤的分子机制研究

徐长卿(Cynanchum paniculatum)作为一种传统中草药,被广泛应用于毒蛇咬伤治疗,然而其疗效的科学实验证据缺乏,治疗的分子机制也不清楚.本文采用有机溶剂萃取、柱层析及高效液相色谱法(HPLC)相结合,从徐长卿中筛选出和分离得到一个功效组分,经质谱和核磁共振鉴定为丹皮酚原苷.动物活体实验与组织病理切片观察表明,该组分显著地抑制尖吻蝮(Deinagkistrodon acutus)蛇毒引起的出血、水肿及肌肉组织坏死等活性.体外酶活检测显示,丹皮酚原苷可以抑制尖吻蝮蛇毒水解纤维蛋白原活性和PLA2活性.进一步采用分子模拟软件技术,揭示出丹皮酚原苷是通过与蛇毒中主要成分金属蛋白酶和PLA2发生相互作用,从而抑制尖吻蝮蛇毒发挥致伤作用.本研究首次揭示了中草药徐长卿治疗蛇伤的分子机制,为中医治疗毒蛇咬伤使用徐长卿找到了科学实验证据,也为蛇伤药物的研发提供了新的思路.

Application of a quantitative ^1H NMR method for rapid extraction and determination of the content of paeonol in Cynanchum paniculatum

Cynanchum paniculatum(Bunge) Kitagawa is usually used as an herbal medicine for treating many diseases. Paeonol is the main active component, and its content is the key indicator for quality control of C. paniculatum. In the present study, we developed a rapid, accurate and precise method for quantitation of paeonol in C. paniculatum using 1 H NMR spectra. The deuterated solvent of methanol-d4 enabled satisfactory separation of the signals to be integrated in 1 H NMR spectrum. H-6(δ 7.78) of 1 H NMR spectrum of C. paniculatum was selected as the feature signal for quantitation, and trimesic acid(TMA) was selected as an internal standard. Validation of the quantitative method was performed in terms of linearity, specificity, repeatability and stability. This is the first time to report quantitative 1 H NMR(qHNMR) applied to determine the content of paeonol in C. paniculatum and showed a wider linearity range than the reported quantitation of paeonol in others. The simple extraction of paeonol from C. paniculatum was rapid and will prompt the application of the developed method. This work implied that qHNMR represented a feasible alternative to HPLC-based methods for quantitation of paeonol in C. paniculatum, and it was suitable for the quality control of C. paniculatum.

The performance of solar cells using chlorophyll dye from Syzygium paniculatum

In this study,analysis was performed of the macro characterization of solar cells with chlorophyll dye from Syzygium paniculatum,using scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy-dispersive X-ray(EDX)analysis.Solar cells based on titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))nanomaterial and chlorophyll dye from S.paniculatum can increase efficiency due to flavonoids and batulinic acid content.Photoanode TiO_(2) is one of the essential factors determining the photovoltaic properties of dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs)and shade,which broadens the absorption spectrum.Furthermore,the method used in this research involved varying the colour of the S.paniculatum leaves,namely red(SP-Red),green(SP-Green)and a red-green mix(SP-Mix).From a macro analysis,SEM observations resulted in agglomerated and aggregated TiO_(2)-polyethylene glycol(PEG)-dye layers with irregular shapes.EDX observation resulted in a peak in Ti at 5 keV and all constituents were detected with an O:Ti ratio of 3.47:1 for FTO-TiO2/PEG using SP-Green.Measurement of voltage-current(IV)using a digital multimeter indicated that the best occurred in the DSSC with SP-Green,resulting in a short-circuit current density(Isc)of 0.0047 mA/cm2,an open-circuit voltage(Voc)of 0.432 V,a charging factor(FF)of 0.749 and an efficiency(η)of 3.724%.

基于AutoDock Vina筛选徐长卿抑制尖吻蝮蛇毒金属蛋白酶有效组分的研究

目的基于分子对接方法筛选徐长卿抑制尖吻蝮蛇毒金属蛋白酶的有效组分。方法使用AutoDock Vina软件对徐长卿[Cynanchum paniculatum(Bunge)Kitag]中化合物与尖吻蝮蛇(Deinagkistrodon acutus)蛇毒金属蛋白酶进行分子对接,采用ADMET对较高结合能组分进行毒性分析,筛选有效抑制组分。结果与阳性对照穿心莲内酯的对接结合能比较,从徐长卿中筛选出17种具有较高结合能的化合物。通过SwissADME预测毒性,确定10种潜在的无毒性化合物,分别为Cinatratoside B、Paniculatumoside D、Glacoside A、Cynapanoside A、Paeonolide、Paniculatumoside A、Cynatratoside A、Paniculatumoside B、GreenOil、1,6-Dimethylnaphthalene。结论基于AutoDock Vina虚拟筛选,从徐长卿中筛选出10种具有潜在抑制尖吻蝮蛇毒金属蛋白酶活性的化合物。

徐长卿中的天然产物XCQ-9对Jurkat细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及机制研究

目的探讨徐长卿中天然产物XCQ-9抑制人急性T淋巴细胞白血病Jurkat细胞增殖和凋亡的作用及可能机制。方法以Jurkat细胞作为白血病细胞模型,采用MTT法测定0(空白对照)、2.5、5、10、20、40μmol/L XCQ-9作用24、48、72 h后对Jurkat细胞增殖的抑制作用。用0(空白对照)、2.5、5、10μmol/L XCQ-9作用于Jurkat细胞24、48 h后,利用流式细胞术分析XCQ-9对细胞周期和细胞凋亡的影响,并通过Western blot实验检测上述药物作用24 h后细胞中胱天蛋白酶9(Caspase-9)、活化的Caspase-9(Cleaved Caspase-9)、Caspase-3、活化的Caspase-3(Cleaved Caspase-3)、聚腺苷二磷酸-核糖聚合酶(PARP)、活化的PARP(Cleaved PARP)、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶1(CDK1)和细胞周期蛋白B1(Cyclin B1)的表达情况。结果与空白对照比较,不同浓度XCQ-9均可显著降低Jurkat细胞的存活率(P<0.01),并呈时间和浓度依赖性趋势。5、10μmol/L XCQ-9作用48 h后均可显著诱导Jurkat细胞凋亡(P<0.05或P<0.01),将细胞周期阻滞在G2期(P<0.01)。10μmol/L XCQ-9作用24 h后,可显著下调细胞中CDK1、Caspase-9蛋白的表达(P<0.01),上调细胞中Cyclin B1、Cleaved Caspase-9、Cleaved Caspase-3和Cleaved PARP蛋白的表达(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论XCQ-9通过诱导G2期阻滞抑制Jurkat细胞增殖,并激活Caspase通路促进细胞凋亡,从而发挥其抗肿瘤作用。

土人参的化学成分与药理活性研究进展

土人参Talinum paniculatum(Jacq.)Gaertn.为马齿苋科一年生或多年生植物,主要分布在我国中南部地区,易于生长。土人参是一种重要的药食同源植物,具有解毒消痈,补中益气,通经下乳等功效。现代药理学研究发现土人参含有多糖、黄酮、植物甾醇、生物碱、三萜、有机酸等化学成分,具有抗氧化、消炎止痛、抗菌和保护心脏等药理活性。该文主要对土人参的化学成分、药理活性和安全性的研究进行综述,为土人参的进一步开发利用提供参考。

徐长卿产地加工工艺优化研究

对徐长卿药材进行不同干燥及洁净方法的比较,考查不同加工方法对药材质量的影响。结果表明,抢水洗后干燥不会降低药材质量,低温烘干法优于传统干燥方法。徐长卿产地加工方法以鲜药材抢水洗后,40℃→50℃→60℃的温度梯度下烘干为好。

3种植物浸提液对土人参愈伤组织多糖和黄酮含量的影响

[目的]探讨胡萝卜、土豆、番茄的浸提液对土人参愈伤组织的多糖和黄酮含量影响。[方法]在土人参愈伤组织诱导培养基中分别添加胡萝卜、土豆、番茄浸提液诱导愈伤组织生成,培养25 d后,用紫外分光光度计法测定土人参愈伤组织多糖和黄酮的含量。[结果]3种浸提液都能提高土人参愈伤组织多糖含量(P<0.01);其中以添加胡萝卜浸提液的最高,但胡萝卜浸提液对土人参愈伤组织的黄酮含量没有显著影响(P>0.05);土豆浸提液和番茄浸提液则使土人参愈伤组织黄酮含量降低(P<0.05)。[结论]培养基中添加胡萝卜、土豆和番茄浸提液有助提高土人参愈伤组织的多糖含量,但未能提高甚至会降低其黄酮含量。