Nearly para-Kahler流形H_(3)^(6)上的殆仿切触拉格朗日子流形

给出nearly para-Kahler流形H3^6的一个拉格朗日子流形M上的一个单位向量场ξ典范引出的殆仿切触度量结构是quasi-para-Sasakian,α-para-Kenmotsu的充要条件.同时推导出当M上典范诱导的仿切触度量结构是para-Sasakian的一个必要条件.

Para-Xylene分子结构和光谱的外场效应研究

对二甲苯(PX)是一种重要的化工原料,广泛地用于合成聚脂纤维树脂,是医药和农药用聚合单体,因此了解对二甲苯分子结构和光谱的外场效应具有十分重要的意义。为研究外电场对PX分子结构和红外(IR)光谱产生的影响,本文采用密度泛函理论(DFT)B3LYP方法在6-311++G(d,p)基组水平上优化了不同外电场(0～0. 030 a. u.,0～1. 542×1010V·m^(-1))作用下PX分子的基态几何结构,在此基础上利用同样的方法计算了PX分子在不同电场下的振动频率,得到了分子的IR光谱,最后对PX的分子结构和IR光谱受外电场作用的的影响规律进行了研究。结果表明:频率497 cm^(-1)的吸收峰为苯环上的C1-H7和C2-H8的面外摇摆振动,812 cm^(-1)的吸收峰是苯环上的C4-H9和C5-H10的面外摇摆振动,1 547 cm^(-1)为苯环上的C1-H7和C2-H8的面内弯曲振动,3 017 cm^(-1)为甲基上的C11-H14和C15-H17的伸缩振动所产生,3 164 cm^(-1)为苯环上的C4-H9和C5-H10的伸缩振动所产生;外电场与分子内电场的叠加效应使得R(4,9),R(5,10),R(11,14)和R(15,17)等的键长随着外电场的增强急剧增长,而R(1,7),R(2,8),R(11,12)和R(15,16)等随着外电场的增强变化不明显;随着R(4,9)和R(5,10)的增加,吸收峰Ⅱ和Ⅴ出现了明显的红移,它们的频率分别减少了133和140 cm^(-1),峰Ⅳ在外电场较弱时频率增加,而当外电场较强时频率又开始减小,峰Ⅰ和Ⅲ的频率变化不明显。总之,在外电场的作用下,分子结构变化剧烈,红外光谱吸收峰出现了红移或蓝移,伴随着吸收峰的移动,分子的摩尔收系数ε也进行了重新分配,分子的振动斯塔克效应(VSE)明显。

Role of D2 gastrectomy in gastric cancer with clinical para-aortic lymph node metastasis

BACKGROUND Owing to the technical difficulty of pathological diagnosis, imaging is still the most commonly used method for clinical diagnosis of para-aortic lymph node metastasis(PALM) and evaluation of therapeutic effects in gastric cancer, which leads to inevitable false-positive findings in imaging. Patients with clinical PALM may have entirely different pathological stages(stage IV or not), which require completely different treatment strategies. There is no consensus on whether surgical intervention should be implemented for this group of patients. In particular, the value of D2 gastrectomy in a multidisciplinary treatment(MDT)approach for advanced gastric cancer with clinical PALM remains unknown.AIM To investigate the value of D2 gastrectomy in a MDT approach for gastric cancer patients with clinical PALM.METHODS In this real-world study, clinico-pathological data of all gastric cancer patients treated at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between 2011 and 2016 were reviewed to identify those with clinically enlarged PALM. All the clinico-pathological data were prospectively documented in the patient medical record. For all the gastric cancer patients with advanced stage disease,especially those with suspicious distant metastasis, the treatment methods were determined by a multidisciplinary team.RESULTS In total, 48 of 7077 primary gastric cancer patients were diagnosed as having clinical PALM without other distant metastases. All 48 patients received chemotherapy as the initial treatment. Complete or partial response was observed in 39.6%(19/48) of patients in overall and 52.1%(25/48) of patients in the primary tumor. Complete response of PALM was observed in 50.0%(24/48)of patients. After chemotherapy, 45.8%(22/48) of patients received D2 gastrectomy, and 12.5%(6/48) of patients received additional radiotherapy. The postoperative major complication rate and mortality were 27.3%(6/22) and 4.5%(1/22), respectively. The median overall survival and progression-free survival of all the patients were 18.9 and 12.1 mo, respectively. The median overall survival of patients who underwent surgical resection or not was 50.7 and 12.8 mo,respectively. The 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 56.8% and 47.3%,respectively, for patients who underwent D2 resection. Limited PALM and complete response of PALM after chemotherapy were identified as favorable factors for D2 gastrectomy.CONCLUSION For gastric cancer patients with radiologically suspicious PALM that responds well to chemotherapy, D2 gastrectomy could be a safe and effective treatment and should be adopted in a MDT approach for gastric cancer with clinical PALM.

CA19-9 level determines therapeutic modality in pancreatic cancer patients with para-aortic lymph node metastasis

Background: In general, para-aortic lymph node(LN16) metastasis has been considered as a contraindication for pancreatic resection. However, some pancreatic cancer patients with LN16 metastasis have been reported to survive for longer than expected after pancreatectomy. The purpose of this study was to determine whether pancreatic cancer patients with LN16 metastasis might benefit from surgery.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 201 consecutive patients with invasive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who underwent surgery at Osaka National Hospital between April 2003 and December 2012.These patients included 22 patients with LN16 metastasis who underwent an extended lymphadenectomy and 25 patients who underwent a palliative surgical biliary and gastric bypass. The clinicopathological data and outcomes were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses.Results: The overall survival of the patients with LN16 metastasis was poorer than that of the LN16-negative patients(P = 0.0014). An overall survival analysis of the LN16-positive patients stratified according to the preoperative CA19-9 level showed a significant difference between patients with a low preoperative CA19-9 level(≤360 U/mL) and those with a high preoperative CA19-9 level(>360 U/mL)(P = 0.0301). No significant difference in overall survival of patients was observed between those with LN16 positivity and those who underwent bypass surgery. However, the overall survival of the LN16-positive patients with a CA19-9 level ≤360 U/mL(n = 11) was significantly higher than that of those who underwent bypass surgery(P = 0.0452).Conclusion: Surgical resection and extended lymphadenectomy remains an option for pancreatic cancer patients with LN16-positivity whose CA19-9 level is ≤360 U/mL.

Novel synthesis of a strained para-cyclophane derivative

A [P. Rajakumar, A.M.A. Rasheed, Tetrahedron 61（22） （2005） 5351] para-cyclophane derivative was synthesized via intramolecular esterification of a dipeptide surrogate containing asparagine to form tetrahydropyrimidinone ring. The structures of the product and intermediates were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectrum.

螺旋六角para-链的最大匹配的强迫数

令M是图G的一个最大匹配,S是M的一个子集。如果S除了被M包含而不被G的其它最大匹配所包含,那么称S是M的一个强迫集(forcing set)。M的最小强迫集所包含的边数称作是M的强迫数(forcing number),记为fm(G, M)。图G的所有最大匹配的强迫数的最小值称为G的最小强迫数(Minimum forcing number),记作fm(G)。在本文中,我们给出了螺旋六角para-链的最大匹配的强迫数的确切值。

Systematic review of D2 lymphadenectomy versus D2 with para-aortic nodal dissection for advanced gastric cancer

AIM:To evaluate the feasibility and therapeutic effects of para-aortic nodal dissection (PAND) for advanced gastric cancer.METHODS:Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized studies comparing D2 + PAND with D2 lymphadenectomy were identified using a predefined search strategy.Five-year overall survival rate,post-operative mortality,and wound degree of surgery between the two operations were compared by using the methods provided by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.RESULTS:Four RCTs (1120 patients) and 4 nonrandomized studies (901 patients) were identif ied.Metaanalysis showed that there was no signif icant difference between these two groups in 5-year overall survival rate [risk ratio (RR) 1.04 (95% CI:0.93-1.16) for RCTs and 0.96 (95% CI:0.83-1.10) for non-randomized studies] and post-operative mortality [RR 0.99 (95% CI:0.44-2.24) for RCTs and 2.06 (95% CI:0.69-6.15) for non-randomized studies].There was a significant difference between these two groups in wound degree of surgery,operation time was significantly longer [weighted mean difference (WMD) 195.32 min (95% CI:114.59-276.05) for RCTs and 126.07 min (95% CI:22.09-230.04) for non-randomized studies] and blood loss was signif icantly greater [WMD 301 mL (95% CI:151.55-450.45) for RCTs and 302.86 mL (95% CI:127.89-477.84) for non-randomized studies] in D2 + PAND.CONCLUSION:D2 + PAND can be performed as safely as standard D2 resection without increasing post-operative mortality but fail to benefit overall survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer.

Effect of Lorentz local field correction on propagation of ultrashort laser pulse in one-dimensional para-nitroaniline (PNA) molecules

This paper investigates the effect of Lorentz local field correction （LFC） on the propagation of ultrashort laser pulses in a para-nitroaniline molecular medium under resonant and nonresonant conditions by solving numerically the full-wave Maxwell-Bloch equations beyond slowly-varying envelope approximation and rotating-wave approximation. The effect of the LFC is considerably obvious when pulses with large areas propagate in the dense molecular medium. In the case of resonance, the group velocity of the sub-pulses split from the incident pulse along propagation is severely decreased by the LFC, especially for the latest sub-pulse. However, in the case of nonresonance, the influence of the LFC on the temporal evolution of the pulse is less obvious and lacks homogeneity with an increase in incident pulse area, propagation distance and molecular density.

Stereological study of the effects of vitamin E on testis structure in rats treated with para-nonylphenol

This study was organized to see whether vitamin E, as a strong antioxidant, could affect the abnormalities of testis structure caused by para-nonylphenol （p-NP） during its development. A total of 32 female Wistar rats after mating were divided into four groups （n = 8）： control, vitamin E （100 mg kg^-1 per day）, p-NP （250 mg kg^-1 per day） and p-NP ＋ vitamin E. The rats were treated from the seventh day of pregnancy till the twenty-first day. After weaning, the male pups were divided into the same groups and were treated orally for 90 days. Finally, the right testis was fixed, processed, stained and studied using stereological methods. The weight and volume of testis, volume of seminiferous tubules and its diameter, thickness of the basement membrane, height of the germinal epithelium, total number of types A and B spermatogonia, spermatocyte, spermatid and Sertoli cells were significantly reduced in p-NP group when compared with other groups. Co-administration of vitamin E and p-NP compensated for the adverse effects of p-NP on the above parameters. In addition, treatment with only vitamin E caused a significant increase in diameter, basement membrane thickness and height of germinal epithelium, number of spermatogonia and spermatocytes. Co-administration of vitamin E with p-NP could prevent the adverse effects ofp-NP on the testis structure during its development.

Calculations of Hyperpolarizabilities for Para-disubstituted Benzeneswith the QSPR

A quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) was made for the prediction of the hyperpolarizabilities(β) ofpara-disubstituted benzenes with the nonlinear optical properties, and the βca12 calculated by this model accorded better with the experimental values (βexpt) compared with theβcall calculated at the CPHF/6-31G*//HF/STO-3G level of theory, especially whenβ was big.

A Characterization of Besov Spaces of Para-Accretive Type and Its Application

There are two folds in this article. One fold is to characterize the Besov spaces of para-accretive type , which reduces to the classical Besov spaces when the para-accretive function is constant, by using a discrete Calderón-type reproducing formula and Plancherel-P?lya-type inequality associated to a para-accretive function b in Rn. The other is to show that a generalized singular integral operator T with extends to be bounded from for and , where ε is the regularity exponent of the kernel of T.

Canonical and Boundary Representations on Rank One Para-Hermitian Spaces

This work studies the canonical representations (Berezin representations) for para-Hermitian symmetric spaces of rank one. These spaces are exhausted up to the covering by spaces?G/H?with G = SL(n,R),H = GL(n-1,R)?. For Hermitian symmetric spaces G/K, canonical representations were introduced by Berezin and Vershik-Gelfand-Graev. They are unitary with respect to some invariant non-local inner product (the Berezin form). We consider canonical representations in a wider sense: we give up the condition of unitarity and let these representations act on spaces of distributions. For our spaces G/H, the canonical representations turn out to be tensor products of representations of maximal degenerate series and contragredient representations. We decompose the canonical representations into irreducible constituents and decompose boundary representations.

Efficacy of Para-Aortic Lymphadenectomy in Ovarian Cancer: A Retrospective Study

Objective: The prognostic impact for ovarian cancer treatment of employing a systematic para-aortic and pelvic lymphadenectomy is still poorly defined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of adding a para-aortic lymphadenectomy (PA) to the pelvic lymphadenectomy (PL), as compared with solely the pelvic lymphadenectomy. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of patient outcomes was conducted of ovarian cancer patients who underwent optimal debulking surgery, concurrent with either PA + PL or PL alone, between 2000 and 2009 at our Osaka General Medical Center. Results: One hundred twenty-one patients with ovarian cancer underwent surgery. Forty-four patients (36%) underwent optimal debulking surgery (all residual disease was 1 cm) concurrent with lymphadenectomy. Seventeen patients underwent PA + PL (PA group), and 27 patients underwent PL alone (PL group). There were no significant differences in terms of overall survival (OS;hazard ratio [HR] = 0.49;95% CI, 0.13 to 1.82;p = 0.29) and progression-free survival (PFS;HR = 0.62;95% CI, 0.19 to 2.00;p = 0.40) between the PA group and the PL group. Both OS and PFS also failed to show significant differences, even when comparing them among 26 cases of FIGO stage I cases. Conclusions: Our data failed to show any prognostic improvement for ovarian cancer by adding para-aortic lymphadenectomy to the standard pelvic lymphadenectomy regimen.

Isolated Para-Aortic Nodal Recurrence in Endometrial Cancer

Aim: While cytoreductive surgery should be considered for patients with regional recurrence of endometrial cancer, the management of isolated para-aortic lymph node recurrence remains controversial. We investigated the frequency of isolated recurrence in the para-aortic lymph nodes and the effectiveness of surgery for such recurrence. Methods: A retrospectively maintained endometrial cancer database at the Cancer Institute Hospital in Japan was reviewed to identify sites of metastasis and recurrence. Results: A total of 2322 patients with endometrial cancer underwent primary treatment with systemic lymphadenectomy between 1984 and 2015. Systematic pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection was performed in 889 patients (Group 1), while 1433 patients underwent dissection of only the pelvic lymph nodes (Group 2). Although 16 patients (1.1%) in Group 2 had isolated para-aortic recurrences, only 3 patients (0.3%) in Group 1 had documented recurrences in the para-aortic lymph nodes (p = 0.043). Although second recurrence occurred in 30.0% of patients who underwent surgical recurrence treatment, second recurrence occurred in 77.8% of patients who underwent non-surgical recurrence treatment (p = 0.037). In addition, the overall survival rate for patients who underwent surgical recurrence treatment (80.0%) was significantly higher than that for patients who underwent non-surgical recurrence treatment (33.3%) (p = 0.026). Conclusions: Patients who underwent dissection of only the pelvic lymph nodes had a higher frequency of isolated recurrence in the para-aortic lymph nodes. In addition, a relatively good prognosis could be achieved with surgical treatment for isolated recurrence in the para-aortic lymph nodes, which was better than that achieved using non-surgical methods.

Entanglement of Para-Bose Entangled Coherent States and Probabilistic Teleportation

We study the entanglement of the para-Bose entangled coherent states by adopting the entanglement of formation and propose a scheme of probabilistic teleportation via para-Bose entangled coherent states. It is found that the mean fidelity of the scheme increases with the decrease of the para-Bose parameter ho in the case of non-maximally entangled para-Bose entangled coherent states.

Simultaneous Repair of Para-Umbilical Hernia during Cesarean Section (CS): A Novel Approach

Background: Pregnant women that are complaining from paraumbilical hernia postpone its repair until they get birth. We hypothesized that it will be better to perform hernia repair of such type of hernia simultaneously during performing cesarean section (CS) which will help to decrease future morbidity re-operation, avoid complications and further skin incision. In this study we aimed to compare the value of performing para-umbilical hernia repair simultaneously during performing CS through the same skin incision with performing para-umbilical hernia repair simultaneously during performing CS through another infra- or supra-umbilical skin incision and performing para-umbilical hernia repair electively later on after healing of a CS skin incision in relation to clinical recovery and patient satisfaction. Patients and Methods: This is a prospective cohort study, where we included 45 pregnant female patients who will give birth by CS, and we have divided them into 3 groups: the first group of patients (A) included 15 patients that undergoing paraumbilical hernia repair by pre-peritoneal mesh insertion through CS incision, the second group of patients (B) in-cluded 15 patients that undergoing paraumbilical hernia repair by infra- or supra-umbilical incision during CS incision and the third group of patients (C) included 15 patients that undergoing paraumbilical hernia repair by infra- or supra-umbilical incision later on after healing of the CS wound. We have evaluated advantages of that novel approach e.g. operation time, severity of pain, peri-partum and post-operative complications, financial cost, duration of hospital stay, clinical recovery, mesh rejection, and patient satisfaction. Results: In group A there is shorter duration of hospital stay, no new skin incision (p 0.002). Conclusions: Performing para-umbilical hernia repair by insertion of a pre-peritoneal mesh simultaneously during performing CS through the same skin incision is the best method of management of para-umbilical hernia in pregnant woman.

Effectiveness of intraoperative ultrasonography for para-aortic lymph nodes in preventing unnecessary lymphadenectomy in ovarian carcinoma

Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of intraoperative ultrasonography (IU) for para-aortic nodes to identify women who do not require pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy in ovarian carcinoma. Methods: Computed tomography (CT) was used for assessing both pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes, and IU only for para-aortic nodes in 87 women with ovarian carcinoma. All women underwent surgery with routine systematic pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy. We assumed that no lymphadenectomy had been performed when no enlarged node was detected by either CT or IU or when the woman was in T1 stage. Under these assumptions, the numbers of women who would have had missed metastases and who could have avoided lymphadenectomy were counted. These figures were recounted on the combination of T stage and IU. Results: A total of 22 women had pathological node metastases. The numbers of women with missed metastases on the basis of CT, IU, and T stage were 12, 2, 5, and these who could have avoided lymphadenectomy were 72, 39, and 49, respectively. There were more women avoiding lymphadenectomy by CT than IU and T stage;however, more women with missed node metastases. Both numbers were not significantly different between IU and T stage. On the combination of T stage and IU, 29 of 49 women in T1 stage could have avoided lymphadenectomy without missed metastases. Conclusions: IU for the para-aortic node is a useful method for identifying women who do not require lymphadenectomy for T1 stage ovarian carcinoma.

Type III/Type IV Giant Para-Oesophageal Herniae: Our Technique of Gastropexy with Biological Prosthesis

Objective: To present our technique of laparoscopic repair of giant para-oesophageal hernia with biological prosthesis (porcine dermis). Method: Our technique involves creating a pneumoperitoneum with standard port placement for anti-reflux surgery, mediastinal sac dissection and excision, crura-plasty, tension free placement of the biological prosthesis for hiatal reinforcement, fundoplication and gastropexy. Conclusion: Our technique of laparoscopic repair of giant para-oesophageal hernia with biological mesh is feasible and safe with acceptable morbidity and outcome.

Hydatid Cyst of Para-Spinal Muscles as a Rare Cause of Back Pain in a Woman: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Introduction: Hydatid cyst formation is rare in organs such as muscle, bone and spine. Para-spinal involvement is an uncommon finding with a prevalence of less than 0.5% in the literatures. Presentation of Case: In the present paper, we reported a case of primary hydatid cyst in lumbar para-spinal area. The patient presented with complaint of chronic back pain and swelling in right thoracolumbar area. A suspicious mass was revealed in lumbar spine x-ray presenting as multi-loculated cystic mass on further evaluation by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The patient underwent surgery and the cyst was excised completely. Histopathological evaluations confirmed the hydatid disease. Discussion: Hydatid disease is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus. The parasitic cysts can form in any part of the host body. The liver and lungs are the most commonly involved organs. The occurrence of these lesions in certain areas such as para-spinal muscles is rare. The cystic mass is detected by radiologic modalities and is confirmed by pathologic examination. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment. Conclusion: Hydatid disease should be on differential diagnosis list facing a cystic lesion in any part of the body especially in the endemic areas. Moreover, radiologic and serologic assessments are important in confirming the diagnosis.