Identification of refactoring opportunities for source code based on class association relationships

In order to deal with the complex association relationships between classes in an object-oriented software system,a novel approach for identifying refactoring opportunities is proposed.The approach can be used to detect complex and duplicated many-to-many association relationships in source code,and to provide guidance for further refactoring.In the approach,source code is first transformed to an abstract syntax tree from which all data members of each class are extracted,then each class is characterized in connection with a set of association classes saving its data members.Next,classes in common associations are obtained by comparing different association classes sets in integrated analysis.Finally,on condition of pre-defined thresholds,all class sets in candidate for refactoring and their common association classes are saved and exported.This approach is tested on 4 projects.The results show that the precision is over 96%when the threshold is 3,and 100%when the threshold is 4.Meanwhile,this approach has good execution efficiency as the execution time taken for a project with more than 500 classes is less than 4 s,which also indicates that it can be applied to projects of different scales to identify their refactoring opportunities effectively.

Identification Method for Users-Transformer Relationship in Station Area Based on Local Selective Combination in Parallel Outlier Ensembles Algorithm

In the power distribution system,the missing or incorrect file of users-transformer relationship(UTR)in lowvoltage station area(LVSA)will affect the leanmanagement of the LVSA,and the operation andmaintenance of the distribution network.To effectively improve the lean management of LVSA,the paper proposes an identification method for the UTR based on Local Selective Combination in ParallelOutlier Ensembles algorithm(LSCP).Firstly,the voltage data is reconstructed based on the information entropy to highlight the differences in between.Then,the LSCP algorithmcombines four base outlier detection algorithms,namely Isolation Forest(I-Forest),One-Class Support VectorMachine(OC-SVM),Copula-Based Outlier Detection(COPOD)and Local Outlier Factor(LOF),to construct the identification model of UTR.This model can accurately detect users’differences in voltage data,and identify users with wrong UTR.Meanwhile,the key input parameter of the LSCP algorithm is determined automatically through the line loss rate,and the influence of artificial settings on recognition accuracy can be reduced.Finally,thismethod is verified in the actual LVSA where the recall and precision rates are 100%compared with othermethods.Furthermore,the applicability to the LVSAs with difficult data acquisition and the voltage data error in transmission are analyzed.The proposed method adopts the ensemble learning framework and does not need to set the detection threshold manually.And it is applicable to the LVSAs with difficult data acquisition and high voltage similarity,which improves the stability and accuracy of UTR identification in LVSA.

Multi-source Data-driven Identification of Urban Functional Areas:A Case of Shenyang,China

Urban functional area(UFA)is a core scientific issue affecting urban sustainability.The current knowledge gap is mainly reflected in the lack of multi-scale quantitative interpretation methods from the perspective of human-land interaction.In this paper,based on multi-source big data include 250 m×250 m resolution cell phone data,1.81×105 Points of Interest(POI)data and administrative boundary data,we built a UFA identification method and demonstrated empirically in Shenyang City,China.We argue that the method we built can effectively identify multi-scale multi-type UFAs based on human activity and further reveal the spatial correlation between urban facilities and human activity.The empirical study suggests that the employment functional zones in Shenyang City are more concentrated in central cities than other single functional zones.There are more mix functional areas in the central city areas,while the planned industrial new cities need to develop comprehensive functions in Shenyang.UFAs have scale effects and human-land interaction patterns.We suggest that city decision makers should apply multi-sources big data to measure urban functional service in a more refined manner from a supply-demand perspective.

Facilitators and barriers to parent-child communication in pediatric palliative care:An integrative review

Objectives:This study aimed to identify facilitators and barriers to parent-child communication in pediatric palliative care,providing insights for medical professionals developing targeted interventions to enhance parent-child communication and improve its effectiveness.Methods:Whittemore and Knafl’s integrative review method was employed to guide a systematic search for literature in six databases(Medline,Embase,CINAHL Complete,PsycINFO,Web of Science,and Cochrane Library).Peer-reviewer articles published in the English language from inception to December 2023.All of the identified studies were screened,extracted,and analyzed independently by two researchers.Results:Twenty-four articles were included.Thefindings of the relevant studies were analyzed using thematic analysis.Four themes were identified as facilitators:legacy-making,resilience training programs,guidance from the healthcare team,and positive communication.Seven themes were identified as barriers:denial,being unprepared and evasive,mutual protection,being overwhelmed by painful emotions and overloaded with information,incorrect views of medical professionals and parents,negative communication,and cultural context.Conclusions:Parents and professionals should avoid myths about protecting the child and encourage open communication that respects the child’s wishes.The specialized pediatric palliative care team should carefully monitor parent-child communication,determine if any obstacles exist,and design more interventions to enhance it.

The Influence of Parent-Child Relationship on Pupils’ Learning Motivation: The Mediating Role of Teacher-Student Relationship

Objective:The study is to analyze the influence of parent-child relationship on pupils’learning motivation,and to explore the mediating mechanism of teacher-student relationship in parent-child relationship and learning motivation.Method:This study conducted a questionnaire survey on 213 pupils in Grades 5 and 6 in two schools in Beijing using Pianta’s teacher-student relationship scale revised by Qu,Dornbush’s parent-child intimacy scale revised by Zhang and the learning motivation scale adapted by Hu.Results:Gender,grade,whether they are the only child and to be a class cadre or not show significant differences in some dimensions of parent-child relationship,teacher-student relationship and learning motivation.The total scores of parent-child relationship,teacher-student relationship and learning motivation are positively correlated,and some sub dimensions are also significantly correlated.Parent-child relationship and teacher-student relationship have a significant positive predictive effect on learning motivation,and parent-child relationship has a significant positive predictive effect on teacher-student relationship.Teacher-student relationship plays a mediating role in the influence of parent-child relationship on learning motivation.Conclusions:Parent-child relationship can promote the relationship between teachers and students,and then enhance pupils’learning motivation.

基于SVR模型的MIV法的复方苦参抗菌成分的辨识研究

由苦参、蛇床子、黄柏和白鲜皮四味中药材组成的复方苦参外用洗剂,因其抗菌效果而广泛应用于临床.然而,目前尚不明确复方苦参洗剂中哪些成分对于抗菌是显著有效的.本文以复方苦参洗剂为研究对象,应用化学计量法建立复方苦参中化学成分与其对金黄色葡萄球菌抑制活性之间的组效关系模型,并通过支持向量回归(SVR)的平均影响值(MIV)法识别出复方苦参中作用显著的抑菌成分.采用HPLC-UV法建立复方苦参醇提物的指纹图谱的检测方法,用该检测方法检测了43批次不同配方或不同提取工艺得到的复方苦参醇提物,并采用内标法对43批次样品中35个共有峰进行了定量分析,采用UPLC-MS/MS对共有峰进行了定性分析.采用分光光度法测定了该43批次样品对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制率,然后利用PSO-SVR模型建立各成分与抗菌效果的组效关系模型.在该PSO-SVR模型的基础上,采用平均影响值法识别出复方苦参洗剂中抑菌效果显著的成分.结果表明,显著抑菌活性成分为异苦参酮、非洲防己碱、小檗碱、异茴芹内酯、苦参新醇O、黄柏碱、木兰花碱、苦参酮和蛇床子素,这些成分的抑菌作用均有文献报道.本文抑菌活性成分的识别结果可为今后抑菌药物的研发提供参考.

基于SSR标记的‘黑果枸杞’F_(1)代群体杂种鉴定及遗传关系分析

开展基于SSR标记的‘黑果枸杞’F_(1)代群体杂种鉴定及遗传关系分析,为其遗传图谱构建、基因QTL定位以及高花色苷含量新品种选育提供理论支撑。以‘黑果枸杞’与‘白果枸杞’杂交F_(1)代群体(‘Lr-GA’与‘Lr-GB’)为材料,利用11对高多态性SSR引物进行F_(1)代真实性鉴定,并进行遗传多样性与遗传相似性系数分析。11对SSR引物在正反交2个F_(1)代群体中扩增到10株异常基因型单株,鉴定为假杂种,其余397株为真杂种,真杂种率为96.81%;卡方检验发现仅有1个位点出现偏离(ML0116,P<0.050),其余10个位点均符合孟德尔分离定律。在正反交2个群体中,11对SSR标记分别检测到64个和48个等位基因位点,每个标记等位基因数(Na)在2~9,有效等位基因数(Ne)的变化范围为1.55~4.35,Shannon's信息指数(I)的变化范围在0.58~1.53,观测杂合度(Ho)的变化范围在0.45~1.00,期望杂合度(He)的变化范围在0.35~0.77,F检验值的变化范围在-0.58~0.22;基因多态性信息含量(PIC)的变化范围在0.30~0.73,平均值为0.59,LM0069和LM0101的多态性适中(0.250.5)。基于Nei's遗传距离,UPGMA法聚类结果显示,在Nei's遗传距离0.214处,‘Lr-GA’群体分为2组,‘黑果枸杞’为组Ⅰ,‘白果枸杞’和293株F_(1)代单株聚为组Ⅱ。在Nei's遗传距离0.29处,‘Lr-GB’群体分为2组,‘黑果枸杞’为组Ⅰ,‘白果枸杞’和101株F_(1)代单株聚为组Ⅱ。总体来看,子代经杂交后,多数SSR位点发生了变异,与父本比较而言,其遗传物质更多来源于母本。采用SSR分子标记法可对‘黑果枸杞’的杂交F_(1)代群体进行有效的杂种鉴定,杂交F_(1)代单株的基因分离比符合孟德尔分离定律,且与母本有较近的遗传关系。

虚拟数字人在网络思想政治教育中的作用发挥

网络思想政治教育经历了从发生到启动、从探索到深化的发展进程。作为网络思想政治教育两大基本要素,主体和客体一直是学术界研究讨论的重要领域。虚拟数字人是具有多重人类特征的人工智能技术产物,在信息技术数字化、虚拟化、智能化的发展中,初步实现从数字人到虚拟人再到虚拟数字人的转变。这种转变促使其在网络思想政治教育的应用中凸显出虚拟性、交互性、沉浸性和自定性特点,一方面能够提升网络思想政治教育话语效力,强化客体认同感,另一方面也能推动网络思想政治教育生活化渗透,助力其作用发挥。但目前虚拟数字人技术尚不成熟,相关伦理问题有待商榷,也面临着诸如强制性灌输、主体性丧失、人机关系异化的现实困境。

Genetic relationship and pedigree of Chinese watermelon varieties based on diversity of perfect SNPs

Watermelon(Citrullus lanatus)is one of the world’s most important fruit crops,and China produces the most watermelons in the world.Recently,a watermelon variome consisting of 414 key resequenced accessions was reported.However,the genetic relationships and pedigree of Chinese watermelon varieties in the seed market remain unclear.In this study,241 evenly distributed perfect single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)derived from the watermelon variome were selected for variety identification.The diversity of 247 Chinese watermelon varieties was identified based on their SNP genotypes.The 247 watermelon varieties were clustered into five subpopulations:the East Asian ecotype,intermediate ecotype,small fruit with red flesh ecotype,small fruit with yellow flesh ecotype,and American ecotype.We further established the pedigree of four subpopulations,of which JingXinNo.1,ZaoChunHongYu,HuangXiaoYu and XiaoLan,and Sugarlee were the main doner of the East Asian ecotype,small fruit with red flesh ecotype,small fruit with yellow flesh ecotype,and American ecotype,respectively.Thirty-two core SNPs were selected and applied in watermelon variety identification.They were also validated by the Kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASPar)platform.The present study furthered our understanding of the genetic relationships and pedigree of watermelon varieties in China,and will help to manage the plant variety protection in watermelon.

Wear Fault Diagnosis of Machinery Based on Neural Networks and Gray Relationships

In this paper, the regular characteristic of -wear particles related to fault type of machines based on condition monitoring of reciprocal machinery is discussed. The typical -wear particles spectrum is established according to the equipment structure , friction and wear rule and the characteristic of 'wear particles; The identification technology of wear particles is proposed based on neural networks and a gray relationship ; an intelligent wear particles identification system is designed. The diagnosis example shows that this system can promote the accuracy and the speed of wear particles identification.

The use of RAPD analysis to identify 4 main medicinal plants in Vitex

Objective： To identify the plants in Vitex including Vitex negundo L. , V. negundo var. cannabifolia （Sieb. et Zuee. ） Hand. -Mazz. , V. trifolia L. and V. trifolia L. var. simplicifolia Cham.. Methods： Both intra- and inter-species relationships among these plants were analyzed by RAPD marker. Twenty-one samples collected from different locations in China were tested using 25 RAPD arbitrary 10- mer primers which were screened from 32 primers. Cluster analysis was conducted by Ward＇s minimumvariance method of SAS software. Results： A total of 224 bands were produced and 128 bands showed polymorphism among 21 samples. The level of polymorphism within species was 51.7%. The dendrogram constructed based on RAPD analysis showed that 21 samples can be placed in 2 groups at the level of SPRS value of 0. 3636. The first group included V. trifolia var. simplicifolia and V. trifolia. The other consisted of V. negundo and V. negundo var. cannabifolia.. At the level of SPRS value of 0. 1, 21 samples can be obviously divided into 3 groups. V. trifolia and V. trifolia var. simplicifolia were clustered into one group, V. negundo and V. negundo var. cannabifolia were separately clustered to 2 groups. Conclusion： RAPD analysis is in good agreement with the traditional plant taxonomic classification, and fundamentally identical with their origins and morphologie characteristics, which indicates that the genetic relationship among samples is related to their center of origin. These medicinal species in Vitex have their specific bands which are available to identify. These specific bands can be used as species-specific molecular markers of Fruetus Vitieis for the application of germplasm identification and classification.

USE OF RAPD FOR DETECTING AND IDENTIFYING PORPHYRA (BANGIALES, RHODOPHYTA)

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was applied to assess the genetic variations and phylogenetic relationships in 4 species ofPorphyra. The samples were collected from the coast of Canada, Vietnam, Zhoushan, Fujian and Qingdao in China. Amplifications with 20 primers were carried out under predetermined optimal reaction conditions (samples were first heated at 94°C for 5 min. and followed by 45 cycles of 1 min at 94°C, 1 min at 36°C, and 2 min at 72°C, then held at 72°C for 10 min). The amplified products were scored as present (1) or absent (0) for each DNA sample and an index of genetic similarity (F) was calculated by using Nei & Li’s matching coefficient method (1979). The value of (1?F) was used to quantify the genetic distances between species and construct a phylogenetic tree. The relationship indicated by the UPGMA and NJ cluster analysis on the values of the genetic distance is in good overall agreement with classical taxonomy. The obvious differences between natural and cultivated population ofP. haitanensi suggest that variation or hybridization with other species occurred during the culture.

基于技术-组织-环境(TOE)与整合型科技接受模式(UTAUT)的智慧工地发展影响因素分析

智慧工地利用信息技术和可视化平台为建设项目提供精准的工程模型设计,通过智能化管理监督能够实现高效的协同工作和优化生产,但当前智慧工地的普及度和智慧化程度较低,且未实质运行。为此,利用技术-组织-环境(TOE)与整合型科技接受模式(UTAUT)组合模型,基于文献数据、政策文本和访谈文本,运用扎根理论的编码方法识别出智慧工地发展的影响因素,同时综合使用DEMATEL-ISM方法对各影响因素之间的层次关系进行研究,探究各因子的影响程度并使其结构层次化。结果表明:核心技术成熟度、现场软硬件设施、产需匹配度和物料设备智能化管理等组织采纳因素是影响智慧工地发展的直接因素;智慧工地的战略目标规划和人员专业化程度是影响智慧工地发展的根本原因,其中人员专业化程度影响程度最大。基于此,政府有关部门应制定合适匹配智慧工地发展的战略目标及战略规划,并通过推广职业认证以提高工作人员的专业素质。

基于多特征符号聚合近似和层次聚类的户变关系识别方法

针对低压配电台区拓扑档案中可能存在的户变关系异常问题,文中提出了一种基于多特征符号聚合近似(MF-SAX)和层次聚类的户变关系识别方法。首先,运用符号聚合近似表达方法将用户电压时间序列转化为字符串序列,并引入电压波动系数和电压变化趋势两个附加参数对其特征表达进行强化。然后,基于编辑距离生成用户电压曲线相似性矩阵,并结合层次聚类算法实现户变关系的识别。最后,实际算例结果表明,提出的方法相比于现有方法准确率更高,误报更少,能直接应对数据缺失的情况,且具有更高的效率。

基于类型矩阵转移的汉越事件因果关系识别

针对汉越跨语言新闻事件因果关系识别中,汉越跨语言的文本语义空间难以统一、新闻之间的因果关联特征捕获困难的问题,提出了基于类型矩阵转移的汉越跨语言新闻事件因果关系识别方法。通过跨语言预训练统一汉越跨语言的文本语义空间,使用树形长短期记忆循环神经网络提取汉越文本中的句法结构化特征,融入汉越句法特征并结合基于事件类型转移的注意力机制,对汉越事件句对的因果关系进行识别。实验结果表明,该方法在汉越跨语言新闻事件因果关系的识别上较基线模型准确率有所提升。

SNP分子标记及其在作物品种鉴定中的应用

作物品种鉴定是优良品种选育和推广的重要保障,而合适的检测方法是对品种进行准确鉴定的关键。随着分子标记技术的发展,第3代分子标记SNP逐渐应用到品种鉴定领域。本研究概述了SNP分子标记的特点,分析了高分辨率熔解曲线、竞争性等位基因特异性PCR、基因芯片、测序法、靶向测序基因型检测等5种作物研究中常用的高通量检测方法的特点及适用性,梳理总结了SNP标记在品种真实性鉴定、纯度检测和亲缘关系分析与分类等方面的研究与应用情况,以期为后续利用SNP分子标记进行品种鉴定提供技术参考。

基于欠完备电压数据的户变关系识别方法

当前采集的台区用户数据存在一定比例的缺失,使得传统基于数据驱动的户变关系核查方法难以实际应用。为此,提出一种基于欠完备电压数据的户变关系识别方法。通过掩码自编码器直接从欠完备电压数据中提取特征编码;对特征编码应用参数自适应的基于密度的噪声应用空间聚类(DBSCAN)算法进行聚类,实现低压台区户变关系的准确识别。所提方法无须进行缺失数据填充,避免了数据填充误差对特征提取效果的影响。同时,该方法无须人工调参,降低了工程应用难度,提升了低压台区管理自动化水平。算例结果表明,在缺失率达80%的情况下,所提方法的户变关系识别准确率依然可达80%。

大学校史馆提升校友情感认同的效用机制探析——基于“记忆之场”的理论视角

大学校史馆如何成为大学—校友关系建构的重要场所和情感载体,以促进校友“集体记忆”形成,进而加强校友对母校的情感认同,是一个值得关注和深入研究的问题。本文基于“记忆之场”的理论视角,探讨校史馆如何通过展示和叙事为校友构建“集体记忆”,成为融合记忆与情感的“记忆之场”,并对提升校史馆在凝聚校友情感认同方面的具体举措进行探索,试图为当代大学校史馆建设以及大学—校友关系建构提供一些有益的启示和镜鉴。

算法介入下众包骑手劳动关系司法认定的实践检视、困境剖析与标准重释

平台用工模式相较于传统用工模式更加灵活开放、复杂多样。尽管传统的劳动关系认定标准仍有适用价值,但不能完全适用于新业态用工形态下的平台用工模式。审判实践中,众包骑手劳动关系认定出现了平台企业与众包骑手关系性质定性不明、适用法律机械、认定标准模糊以及归责对象单一等问题。破除当前困境的关键在于对劳动关系从属性司法认定方式进行重新解释,强化算法作为新要素在人身从属性和经济从属性判断中的作用,在审判实践中结合当事人提交的证据做实质考察。同时在坚持“劳动关系—民事关系”二分模式的基础上,从合同法和侵权责任法中寻找解决方法。

中文电子病历信息提取方法研究综述

电子病历里承载的大量医疗信息能够帮助医生更好地了解患者的情况,辅助医生进行临床诊断。作为中文电子病历信息提取的2大核心任务,命名实体识别和实体关系抽取的目标是识别出电子病历文本中的医学实体并提取出各个实体间的医学关系。首先,系统阐述了中文电子病历的研究现状,指出命名实体识别和实体关系抽取2大任务在中文电子病历信息提取中所发挥的重要作用。随后,介绍了面向中文电子病历信息提取的命名实体识别和关系抽取算法的最新研究成果,并分析了每个阶段各个模型的优缺点。最后,讨论了中文电子病历现阶段所存在的问题并对未来的研究趋势进行展望。