An On-line Monitoring System for Partial Dischargefrom High Voltage Transformer

An on-line monitoring system for partial discharge from high voltage transformer is presented with structure of hardware and principle of software discussed and a new effective method combining DFT with DWT is proposed to get rid of both sinusoidal continuous noise and other external discharges.

Wavelet packet decomposition entropy threshold method for discrete spectrum interferences rejection of on-line partial discharge monitoring

The frequency domain division theory of dyadic wavelet decomposition and wavelet packet decomposition (WPD) with orthogonal wavelet base frame are presented. The WPD coefficients of signals are treated as the outputs of equivalent bandwidth filters with different center frequency. The corresponding WPD entropy values of coefficients increase sharply when the discrete spectrum interferences (DSIs), frequency spectrum of which is centered at several frequency points existing in some frequency region. Based on WPD, an entropy threshold method (ETM) is put forward, in which entropy is used to determine whether partial discharge (PD) signals are interfered by DSIs. Simulation and real data processing demonstrate that ETM works with good efficiency, without pre-knowing DSI information. ETM extracts the phase of PD pulses accurately and can calibrate the quantity of single type discharge.

Partial Discharge Simulations Used for the Design of a Non-Intrusive Cable Condition Monitoring Technique

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of PD （partial discharge） activity within medium voltage XLPE （cross-linked polyethylene） cables. The effect of partial discharge was studied by means of a number of simulations. The simulations were based on the well-known three capacitor model for partial discharge. An equivalent circuit was derived for partial discharge due to a single void in the insulation material of a power cable. The results obtained from the simulations will form the basis of the design proses of a non-intrusive condition monitoring technique. The technique is based on the classification of discharge activity according to five levels of PD. Future work will include the improvement of the simulation model by investigating the high frequency model of a power cable as well as the statistical nature of PD activity. This will improve the accuracy of the simulation results when compared to actual measurements. The work discussed in this paper will be used to construct and calibrate a practical model which will make use of PD measurements for non-intrusive condition monitoring of medium voltage electrical cables.

ANN based pattern recognition of partial discharge in power transformer

Expounds a partial discharge detection circuit and a microcomputer based partial discharge monitoring system. The importance of statistical phase position distribution of partial discharge events for failure diagnosis of power transformer and discusses an artificial neural network trained with φ q patterns for pattern recognition of partial discharge is discussed in detail, which is proved to be effective for on line monitoring.

Application of Complex Daubechies Wavelet in UHF Partial Discharge Measurements

On-line partial discharge(PD)detection still remains a very challenging task because of the strong electromagnetic interferences.In this paper,a new method of de-noising,using complex Daubechies wavelet(CDW)transform,has been proposed.It is a relatively recent enhancement to the real-valued wavelet transform because of tow important properties,which are nearly shift-invariant and availability of phase information.Those properties give CDW transform superiority over other real-valued wavelet transform,and then the construction algorithm of CDW is introduced in detail.Secondly,based on the real threshold algorithm of real-valued wavelet transform,complex threshold algorithm is devised.This algorithm take the different characteristics of real part and imaginary part of complex wavelet coefficients into account,it modifies the real and imaginary parts of complex wavelet coefficients respectively.Thirdly,to obtain a real de-noised signal,new combined information series is devised.By applying different combination of real part and imaginary part of de-noised complex signal,a real de-noised signal can be restored with higher peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)and less distortion of original signals.Finally,On-site applications of extracting PD signals from noisy background by the optimal de-noising scheme based on CDW are illustrated.The on-site experimental results show that the optimal de-noising scheme is an effective way to suppress white noise in PD measurement.

Development and Application of DC Partial Discharge Test System

Direct current (DC) partial discharge (PD) test has drawn extensive attention from world-wide electric power research institutes in recent years. However, presently, no DC PD detection device on the market has the statistical function. Thus, we developed a test system for PD detection under DC voltage, which is characterized by strong anti-jamming capability, continuous high-speed real-time data acquisi- tion and effective, complete detection of DC PD signals. The DC PD mechanism, as well as the measuring principles, software system, and hardware design of the test equipment were introduced. Adopting typical electrode pairs, we tested the statistical spectrum of PD under DC voltage. The main difference in statistical spectrums between parallel plate electrodes and needle-plate electrodes was that the time interval between two consecutive discharges for needle-plate electrodes has obviously larger variation range than that for parallel plate electrodes, which could be the convincing proof for distinguishing the type of electrodes under DC PD. Practical results indicate that the proposed sys- tem can measure time domain signals of DC PD of oil-paper insulation effectively and promptly, and it can be used to determine and detect defects in DC power transmission equipment.

Two Types of Compact UHF Antennas for Partial Discharge Measurement

To investigate the partial discharge (PD) online monitoring of transformers by ultra-high-frequency (UHF) approaches,high-qualified UHF antennas are focused on as one key technique. The size of UHF sensor used for PD UHF online monitoring in transformer is excessively large,therefore,it is not convenient for internal installation of transformer. Two types of compact UHF antennas with small sizes,a Hilbert fractal antenna and a small loop antenna are presented. PD experiments of three typically artificial insulation defects are executed and both antennas are used for PD measurement. The spectra of power via frequency of detected PD signals are analyzed and compared. The experimental results show that the Hilbert fractal antenna and small loop antenna are qualified for PD online UHF monitoring.

基于移动FFT的PD在线检测中正弦干扰抑制方法

为剔除局部放电在线检测中干扰信号,尤其是连续正弦干扰(continuous sine interference,CSI),应用移动(fast Fourier transform,FFT)算法,以递推的方式求取信号的离散傅里叶变换(discrete Fouriertransform,DFT),提高信号处理的实时性。通过对频域信号进行阈值处理,来抑制局部放电测量中的CSI干扰,并通过离散傅里叶反变换(inverse discrete Fourier transform,IDFT)获得处理结果。另外,每次提取处理结果的中间数据(大小等于步长)作为本步的处理结果,避免了DFT的边沿效应和窗函数的影响。实验结果表明,所提出的方法能够很好地滤除局部放电中的连续正弦干扰,且使局部放电脉冲衰减很小,实时性好。将该方法应用于地铁牵引变电站馈线电缆绝缘性能的在线检测中,取得良好的效果。

融合形态学-复小波变换的PD干扰信号抑制方法

针对局部放电检测过程中周期性窄带干扰和白噪声难以抑制的问题,提出了一种融合数学形态学与复小波变换的干扰信号抑制方法。该方法基于数学形态学原理构造广义形态学滤波器,并将其作为前置滤波单元,实现原始信号的预处理,再对处理后的信号进行复小波变换,最终得到去噪后的局部放电信号。应用该方法对模拟和现场采集的局部放电信号进行去噪处理,结果表明:该方法能够有效地抑制局部放电信号中的周期性窄带干扰和白噪声干扰;与相同小波基的小波去噪方法和复小波去噪方法相比,该方法去噪时的能量损失较小,能够很好地保留局部放电信号特征。

BPD型变频电源用于局放和耐压试验的研究与实践

介绍了某供电公司对主变局放和谐振耐压试验电源的研究和选用思路,简要介绍了局放和耐压试验现场实施情况,证实了BPD型变频电源不仅可以用于GIS及电缆等大容量设备的谐振耐压试验,而且可以用于变压器的局部放电试验。

基于PDA技术的水轮发电机局部放电在线监测

基于PDA技术的局部放电在线监测广泛应用于对水轮发电机的监测。本文以BYG-Ⅱ型局部放电在线监测装置为例,对其系统结构及主要抗干扰方法进行了介绍。现场测试结果表明,该系统能够有效抑制干扰和提取局部放电信号。通过对葛洲坝水电站19号发电机的连续在线监测及故障分析,证实了采用统计参数进行趋势分析的方法能够有效发现定子绕组的早期绝缘缺陷。

基于竞争子网络的数字滤波法在PD在线监测中的应用

介绍了竞争子网络的工作原理和结构 ,提出基于竞争子网络邻抑制作用的数字滤波法 ,并将该方法运用于局部放电在线监测系统的抑制通信干扰的滤波环节中。实践证明这种方法具有自适应性强、通信干扰抑制效果好、运算速度快等优点。

检波技术在超高频PD信号提取中的应用研究

介绍了包络检波技术的基本原理及其在超高频局部放电信号提取中的应用,分析了影响信号检波失真的主要因素,设计了用于超高频局部放电检测的检波电路并进行了计算机MATLAB仿真。计算机仿真验证了在超高频局部放电信号提取中,应用包络检波技术可降低检测系统的采样频率并保留放电信号的峰值和相位特征。仿真结果表明,应用包络检波技术提取超高频局部放电信号是可行的。

大型电机PD信号的在线检测与处理

提出了一种大型电机ＰＤ信号在线检测的方法，即以ＳＴＤ总线工业控制机为下位机进行ＰＤ信号的检测，以ＩＢＭ－ＰＣ机为上位机进行数据处理，通过上下机通信实现ＰＤ信号的自动检测与处理。实验证明，用该方法实现的ＰＤ信号在线检测装置抗干扰能力较强，检测到的ＰＤ信号波形与理论分析结论相吻合。

大型电机PD信号的数字滤波研究

以大型电机ＰＤ信号的数字滤波为背景，介绍了一种基于窗函数法的ＦＩＲ数字滤波器设计方法．对大型电机离线和在线检测的ＰＤ信号的实验研究表明，应用该方法设计的ＰＤ信号数字带通滤波器，其通频带越宽，阶数越高，滤波效果越好，适用于在工频噪声干扰环境下提取较弱的ＰＤ信号．

Analysis of Excitation Characteristics of Ultra High Frequency Electromagnetic Waves Induced by PD in GIS

The understanding of the excitation mechanism of ultra high frequency (UHF) electromagnetic waves (EW) is essential for ap- plying UHF method to partial discharge (PD) detection. Since the EW induced by PD in gas insulated switchgear (GIS) contains not only transverse electromagnetic (TEM) wave, but also high-order transverse electric (TE) and high-order transverse magnetic (TM) waves, we analyzed the proportions between the TEM wave and the high order waves, as well as the influence of the PD position on this proportion, using the finite different time domain (FDTD) method. According to the unique characteristics of the waves, they are separated only ap- proximately. It is found that the high-order mode is the main component, more than 70%, of the electric field around the enclosure of GIS, and that with the increasing distance between PD source and inner conductors, the low frequency ( below about 800 MHz) component of EW decreases, but the high frequency component (above 1 GHz) increases, meanwhile the proportion of high-order components in EW could reach 77% from 70%. It concluded that the closer the PD source to the enclosure is, the easier high order EW may be excited.

Study on Bush Tree Growth in XLPE Using 3D PD Patterns

Exploitation of equipment with cross linked polyethylene (XLPE ) insulation requires its condition monitoring and diagnostic. Traditionally diagnostics of insulation is carried out by means of partial discharge detection. However, such identification of a defect, for example, void, inclusion or treeing, does not say about its danger from a point of view of full insulation gap breakdown and insulation construction failure. For this purpose a 29 kV CN-CV cable sample is studied. The experiment is based on research for determination of the dependencies between PD characteristics in XLPE upon time and three dimension PD patterns of corresponding treeing. The investigations were carried out by means of electrical measurement of PD current and simultaneous optical recording of treeing image. The needleplane electrode is applied as the electrode. As a result, -q-n PD patterns which are used as the bases to bush tree initialization and growth can be obtained. Test results show that PD pattern recognition can be applied as a powerful tool for recognizing electrical tree initialization and growth. This can make a good basis for on-line condition monitoring of high voltage power cable.

Insulation State On-line Monitoring and Running Management of Large Generator

This study presented an insulation state monitoring method for large generator based on radio frequency (RF) technique. As an on-line condition monitor and the precondition of condition-based maintenance (CBM), the RF monitor used the high frequency current mutual inductor to detect the partial discharge signal from neutral wire of stator windings. According to the magnitude of indicative value of RF monitor, a five phase model was also proposed to manage the generator’s running better. The practices show that the proposed method is effective.

一起应用PD Monitor检测开关柜局放的分析和处理

为加强对金属封闭开关柜的带电检测工作,通过检测仪器PD Monitor局部放电定位仪对一起开关柜内部放电定位。主要介绍了一起由套管内壁母排与套管屏蔽环间等电位磷铜片面放电引起的暂态地电压超标的现象。