The increase in global climate change incidents is a glaring indication that more pragmatic and direct approaches to tree and forest management are urgently needed.A study was conducted around Mount Elgon Uganda betwe...The increase in global climate change incidents is a glaring indication that more pragmatic and direct approaches to tree and forest management are urgently needed.A study was conducted around Mount Elgon Uganda between June 2018 and December 2019.The objectives were to:i)determine the socio-economic characteristics of women and youth farmers engaged in agroforestry,ii)determine the relationship between women and youth farmers’characteristics in adoption of tree technologies and related decisions,and iii)assess the incentives,challenges and strategies for promoting agroforestry technologies’adoption in the region.Data were collected from 250 women and youths using focus group discussions,semi-structured,and key informant interviews.Results showed that engagements in agroforestry practices attracted largely(82%)of uneducated women and youths and basic methods and tools were used to farm.Up to 70%of women and youth relied on crop farming as a major source of income,earning about USD$250 perannum.Farm and family size were positively(P>0.0001)related to tree adoption decisions while farmer capacity building activities(such as training,farmer guided field tours,and participatory farmer trial’s establishments)and access to low-cost tree seedlings motivated their involvement in tree planting.Land scarcity,soil,water,and tree conservation issues and shortage of desired tree species affected the extent of tree growing in both women and youth-led households.The suggested strategies comprised strengthening farmer capacity-building programs and upholding soil and water conservation technologies.Agroforestry has the potential to address the challenges related to land scarcity and shortage of desired tree products in women and youth-led households around Mount Elgon.However,the women and youths involved in farming activities were generally poor,illiterate and faced issues of land insecurity.These factors,limited their full potential and interest in agroforestry.A significant increase in tree adoption rates by women and youths will be achieved with increased training on tree seed collection and pre-treatment,reforestation programs as well as tree pest and disease control.展开更多
In areas with abundant tourism resources,it is possible for the poor to get rid of poverty by developing tourism.Differences in the extent to which farmers participate in the division of the tourism industry chain lea...In areas with abundant tourism resources,it is possible for the poor to get rid of poverty by developing tourism.Differences in the extent to which farmers participate in the division of the tourism industry chain lead to differences in the effectiveness of poverty alleviation.This paper conducts in-depth interviews on the participation of rural households in the division of labor in the tourism industry chain in Qianshan city,and studies the degree to which rural households participate in the division of labor in the tourism industry chain,as well as the differences in the increment of tourism income brought about by different degrees.The survey found that the reasons for the differences in the degree of participation of farmers in tourism:off-season crops are not developed,and seasonal crops are competing for sale;Middlemen buy agricultural products from farmers at low prices.Farmers’organic products are not recognized and unable to enter the organic market.From the perspective of the government and farmers,the paper puts forward countermeasures for solving the above predicament.展开更多
Introduction:This study investigated factors affecting farmers’participation in watershed management programs in the Northeastern highlands of Ethiopia by taking the Teleyayen sub-watershed as a case study.Data were ...Introduction:This study investigated factors affecting farmers’participation in watershed management programs in the Northeastern highlands of Ethiopia by taking the Teleyayen sub-watershed as a case study.Data were collected from 215 farm households which were selected from the four villages using a multistage sampling procedure,involving a combination of purposive and random sampling.Data were gathered using a structured survey questionnaire,focus group discussion,and key informant interviews.Descriptive analysis,Pearson correlation analysis,and regression analysis were employed to analyze the data.Results:Findings of this study showed that farmer’s perception has a strong positive correlation(r=0.612,P=0.000)with the farmer’s decision to participate in the watershed management programs followed by government support(r=0.163,P=0.017),while the slope of the farmland and the gender of the household head have shown significant and negative associations.The binary logistic regression analysis also revealed that six independent variables were significant in explaining the factors affecting the farmers’decision to participate in watershed management programs.These variables were land redistribution,gender,agricultural labor force,extension service,farm size,and slope.Of these,land redistribution,gender,agricultural labor force,extension service,and slope of the farmland indicated a negative influence,while farm size of a household exerted a positive impact.The study also examined the role of discrete variables in explaining variations of variables in affecting the farmers’decision to participate in the programs.Thus,two variables found to be significant.These variables are the gender of the household head and land tenure security.Accordingly,the chi-square result of the variable(χ^(2)=9.052)of gender was found to be statistically significant at the 95%level of significance.Similarly,the chi-square result(X^(2)=8.792)of land tenure security was found to be statistically significant at the 95%level of significance.Conclusions:The result of the study suggests to work on raising the awareness of farmers’about the long-term benefits of the watershed programs and to design a strategy to diversify their livelihoods.展开更多
文摘The increase in global climate change incidents is a glaring indication that more pragmatic and direct approaches to tree and forest management are urgently needed.A study was conducted around Mount Elgon Uganda between June 2018 and December 2019.The objectives were to:i)determine the socio-economic characteristics of women and youth farmers engaged in agroforestry,ii)determine the relationship between women and youth farmers’characteristics in adoption of tree technologies and related decisions,and iii)assess the incentives,challenges and strategies for promoting agroforestry technologies’adoption in the region.Data were collected from 250 women and youths using focus group discussions,semi-structured,and key informant interviews.Results showed that engagements in agroforestry practices attracted largely(82%)of uneducated women and youths and basic methods and tools were used to farm.Up to 70%of women and youth relied on crop farming as a major source of income,earning about USD$250 perannum.Farm and family size were positively(P>0.0001)related to tree adoption decisions while farmer capacity building activities(such as training,farmer guided field tours,and participatory farmer trial’s establishments)and access to low-cost tree seedlings motivated their involvement in tree planting.Land scarcity,soil,water,and tree conservation issues and shortage of desired tree species affected the extent of tree growing in both women and youth-led households.The suggested strategies comprised strengthening farmer capacity-building programs and upholding soil and water conservation technologies.Agroforestry has the potential to address the challenges related to land scarcity and shortage of desired tree products in women and youth-led households around Mount Elgon.However,the women and youths involved in farming activities were generally poor,illiterate and faced issues of land insecurity.These factors,limited their full potential and interest in agroforestry.A significant increase in tree adoption rates by women and youths will be achieved with increased training on tree seed collection and pre-treatment,reforestation programs as well as tree pest and disease control.
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.19BGL146).
文摘In areas with abundant tourism resources,it is possible for the poor to get rid of poverty by developing tourism.Differences in the extent to which farmers participate in the division of the tourism industry chain lead to differences in the effectiveness of poverty alleviation.This paper conducts in-depth interviews on the participation of rural households in the division of labor in the tourism industry chain in Qianshan city,and studies the degree to which rural households participate in the division of labor in the tourism industry chain,as well as the differences in the increment of tourism income brought about by different degrees.The survey found that the reasons for the differences in the degree of participation of farmers in tourism:off-season crops are not developed,and seasonal crops are competing for sale;Middlemen buy agricultural products from farmers at low prices.Farmers’organic products are not recognized and unable to enter the organic market.From the perspective of the government and farmers,the paper puts forward countermeasures for solving the above predicament.
基金This study was financially supported by the International Foundation for Science(IFS).
文摘Introduction:This study investigated factors affecting farmers’participation in watershed management programs in the Northeastern highlands of Ethiopia by taking the Teleyayen sub-watershed as a case study.Data were collected from 215 farm households which were selected from the four villages using a multistage sampling procedure,involving a combination of purposive and random sampling.Data were gathered using a structured survey questionnaire,focus group discussion,and key informant interviews.Descriptive analysis,Pearson correlation analysis,and regression analysis were employed to analyze the data.Results:Findings of this study showed that farmer’s perception has a strong positive correlation(r=0.612,P=0.000)with the farmer’s decision to participate in the watershed management programs followed by government support(r=0.163,P=0.017),while the slope of the farmland and the gender of the household head have shown significant and negative associations.The binary logistic regression analysis also revealed that six independent variables were significant in explaining the factors affecting the farmers’decision to participate in watershed management programs.These variables were land redistribution,gender,agricultural labor force,extension service,farm size,and slope.Of these,land redistribution,gender,agricultural labor force,extension service,and slope of the farmland indicated a negative influence,while farm size of a household exerted a positive impact.The study also examined the role of discrete variables in explaining variations of variables in affecting the farmers’decision to participate in the programs.Thus,two variables found to be significant.These variables are the gender of the household head and land tenure security.Accordingly,the chi-square result of the variable(χ^(2)=9.052)of gender was found to be statistically significant at the 95%level of significance.Similarly,the chi-square result(X^(2)=8.792)of land tenure security was found to be statistically significant at the 95%level of significance.Conclusions:The result of the study suggests to work on raising the awareness of farmers’about the long-term benefits of the watershed programs and to design a strategy to diversify their livelihoods.
