Unstable evolution of railway slope under the rainfall-vibration joint action

Understanding the unstable evolution of railway slopes is the premise for preventing slope failure and ensuring the safe operation of trains.However,as two major factors affecting the stability of railway slopes,few scholars have explored the unstable evolution of railway slopes under the joint action of rainfall-vibration.Based on the model test of sandy soil slope,the unstable evolution process of slope under locomotive vibration,rainfall,and rainfall-vibration joint action conditions was simulated in this paper.By comparing and analyzing the variation trends of soil pressure and water content of slope under these conditions,the change laws of pore pressure under the influence of vibration and rainfall were explored.The main control factors affecting the stability of slope structure under the joint action conditions were further defined.Combined with the slope failure phenomena under these three conditions,the causes of slope instability resulting from each leading factor were clarified.Finally,according to the above conclusions,the unstable evolution of the slope under the rainfall-vibration joint action was determined.The test results show that the unstable evolution process of sandy soil slope,under the rainfall-vibration joint action,can be divided into:rainfall erosion cracking,vibration promotion penetrating,and slope instability sliding three stages.In the process of slope unstable evolution,rainfall and vibration play the roles of inducing and promoting slide respectively.In addition,the deep cracks,which are the premise for the formation of the sliding surface,and the violent irregular fluctuation of soil pressure,which reflects the near penetration of the sliding surface,constitute the instability characteristics of the railway slope together.This paper reveals the unstable evolution of sandy soil slopes under the joint action of rainfall-vibration,hoping to provide the theoretical basis for the early warning and prevention technology of railway slopes.

Impact of Earthquake Action on the Design and Sizing of Jointed Masonry Structures in South Kivu, DRC

This article deals with the investigation of the effects of seismic impacts on the design and dimensioning of structures in South Kivu. The starting point is the observation of an ambivalence that can be observed in the province, namely the non-consideration of seismic action in the study of structures by both professionals and researchers. The main objective of the study is to show the importance of dynamic analysis of structures in South Kivu. It adopts a meta-analytical approach referring to previous researches on South Kivu and proposes an efficient and optimal method. To arrive at the results, we use Eurocode 7 and 8. In addition, we conducted static analysis using the Coulomb method and dynamic analysis using the Mononobe-Okabe method and compared the results. At Nyabibwe, the results showed that we have a deviation of 24.47% for slip stability, 12.038% for overturning stability and 9.677% for stability against punching through a weight wall.

Joint action of phoxim and fenvalerate on reproduction in male rats

Aim: To evaluate the joint action of phoxim and fenvalerate on the reproductive function in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: The 2×2 factorial analysis experiment was used in the study. The pesticides were orally given at daily doses of phoxim (Pho) 8.2 nig/kg, fenvalerate (Fen) 3.3 mg/kg and Pho 8.2+Fen 3,3 mg/kg (Pho:Fen = 5:2), 5 days a week for 60 days. Sperm motility was measured with computer-assisted sperm motility analysis (CASA) and daily sperm production estimated. Immunoenzymatic method and electron microscopy were used to evaluate the serum testosterone and the testicular morphology, respectively. Results: There were significant decreases in sperm motility parameters in the treated animals, including straight line velocity (VSL), beat cross frequency (BCF), linearity (LIN) and straightness (STR). After treated with Fen, significant decreases in VSL, LIN and STR were demonstrated. Significant decreases of daily sperm production were seen in animals treated with Pho and Pho+Fen in comparison with the controls. Serum testosterone levels were not significantly changed in the treated groups. Factorial ANOVA showed that no significant interactions were noted between Pho and Fen in sperm motility, sperm production and serum testosterone. Both the single and mixed pesticides caused various degrees of testicular lesions, involving vacuolation of endoplasmic reticulum and necrosis of Sertoli cells. Conclusion: The pesticides may cause sperm motility changes and testicular lesions in male rats. The action of Pho and Fen may be additive.

Evaluation on the Joint Action Between Chlorsulfuron and Haloxyfop-R by Bioassay

The joint action between chlorsulfuron and haloxyfop R was evaluated by bioassay with wheat and corn,respectivly.The dose response curve derived from wheat bioassay showed that the inhibition of haloxyfop R to wheat root growth wasn't affected by the increasing rate of chlorsulfuron.It indicated that chlorsulfuron had no antagonism to haloxyfop R.Meanwhile,the variation analysis of corn bioassay indicated that these two herbicides had joint action on inhibition to corn primary root growth.The joint action was evaluated as additive action by using Isobole Method.So chlorsulfuron and haloxyfop R could be used as tank mixture.

Study on the Joint Meeting Mechanism for the National Human Rights Action Plan

The joint meeting mechanism for the National Human Rights Action Plan(NHRAP)is a multi-faceted mechanism which unifies political,legislative,administrative,judicial and social sectors.It undertakes the responsibility of formulating,implementing,supervising and evaluating the NHRAP,promotes mutual learning,exchange and competition among member units in the protection of human rights.Over the ten years since it was established,it has proved to be a successful innovative mechanism for protecting human rights that is in line with China’s national conditions.In order to improve the operation of the joint meeting mechanism the NHRAP,it is necessary to establish a more effective coordination mechanism within the joint meeting mechanism,and to subdivide the monitoring and evaluation functions into three levels.

Programme Launch:Action on Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity

Delegates from home and abroad jointly launched the Action on Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity at the forum.Initiated by China NGO Network for International Exchanges(CNIE),the Action is an updated version of the Silk Road Community Building Initiative for the coming five years.Within the framework of the Action,by pooling resources from various parties,CNIE will continue to cultivate a series of flagship projects on livelihood cooperation and people-to-people exchanges while ensuring the benefit-to-all and inclusiveness of exchanges and cooperation in various fields,so as to enhance people-to-people connectivity in the Belt and Road partner countries.

创建行动导向下美丽乡村联创联建的规划设计方法探索

伴随着浙江省乡村发展愿景从“千万工程”到“美丽乡村”再到共同富裕的纵深推进,以单个行政村为单元的美丽乡村创建模式已经难以适应新的发展诉求。基于自然资源禀赋或基础设施地理空间连续性的美丽乡村联创联建工作,是破解各行政村独立发展的多重瓶颈的创新性尝试。针对具有明确的目标、资金、时间约束的美丽乡村创建行动,基于“产业-空间协同发展”的总体思路,试图探讨一种面向美丽乡村联创联建的规划设计方法,即“二阶三心法”。这一方法从乡村地区的存量资源切入,旨在系统性、创造性地回应创建行动目标,开展面向产业-空间复合型目标的空间规划干预:一是基于“土地矛盾最小化原则”进行空间节点设计,二是基于“空间投入-融合效益最大化原则”形成特色主线,三是基于“优先塑造-示范带动原则”打造示范样板。进一步的,结合湖州市道场乡菰城片区规划设计工作,探讨了该方法在产业策划和空间设计层面落地应用的关键问题和解决策略,为中国先发地区美丽乡村联创联建的规划设计工作提供经验借鉴。

限制肯定说背景下不作为共同正犯的成立条件

不作为共同正犯具有正犯和共犯的二重性,其正犯性只能从不作为理论中获得,其共犯性也只能从共同犯罪理论中获得。在限制肯定说框架下,不作为共同正犯的成立条件主要包括以下三个方面,一是以互相协力加功的不作为共同实行事实为客观要件。在进行客观归责判断时,通常以假定的因果流程来认定具体案件的结果归责,并且进行违法关联性的审查。二是以具有双重性的共同实行故意为主观要件。在进行主观归责判断时,应以道义责任为根据,以规范责任论为框架来探讨责任要素及其结构。三是以作为义务之间具备等同性和相互性特征,以及各不作为实行行为直接地、共同地引起法益侵害的因果关系为限制条件。

不同意图场景眼动注视模式机器学习算法识别孤独症谱系障碍的研究

目的旨在探究孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)和正常发育(typically developing,TD)儿童在观看不同意图场景视频时的视觉感知差异,并通过机器学习算法,探索客观区分ASD和TD儿童的可行性。方法共纳入58名ASD儿童和50名TD儿童,观看包含联合意图和非联合意图的视频,使用儿童观看视频时在不同注视兴趣区的注视时长占比和注视次数占比作为原始特征指标,输入到分类器中构建分类模型,分析比较不同分类模型的分类准确率、灵敏度和特异度等指标。结果使用支持向量机、线性判别算法、决策树、随机森林和邻近算法(K=1、3、5、7)8种常见的分类器基于原始特征指标进行分类时,最高分类精度为81.90%。为进一步提高分类精度,采用特征重构方式,运用决策树分类器进行分类,分类模型的准确度高达91.43%,特异度为89.80%,灵敏度为92.86%,受试者操作特征曲线的曲线下面积为0.909(P<0.001)。结论采用眼动追踪数据构建的机器学习模型可精确地将ASD儿童与TD儿童区分开来,为开发快速客观筛查ASD的辅助工具提供科学依据。

基于有限元法的谐波作用对电缆及其接头的影响研究

现有关于电缆及其接头温度的研究大多按照基波情况考虑,大量非线性负载的使用使输电线路中的谐波含量显著增加,谐波对电缆及其接头附加损耗与温升的影响不容忽视。文中以64/110 kV单芯电缆及预制式电缆接头为例,建立了电缆及其接头的有限元仿真模型,基于电磁-热耦合法,分析了谐波含量与谐波次数对电缆及其接头的影响,并引入等效电流因数,实现多次谐波共存环境下对电缆发热损耗及温度的快速计算。仿真结果表明:谐波含量与谐波次数均会影响电缆的损耗及温度,谐波可能导致电缆接头在压接钳处形成过热点,加速绝缘老化;引入等效电流因数法在估算多次谐波共存环境下的电缆温度具有较高精度。该研究对谐波环境下电缆及其接头的设计、运行温度预测及热老化寿命评估提供了依据。

基于激光表面微纳结构的胶接性能研究进展

胶接具有独特的性能而被广泛关注,但在实际应用中往往由于界面结合强度不足而导致接头在服役过程中过早失效。激光表面处理是一种能够有效提高胶接接头表面性能的方法,通过激光表面处理会使黏接材料表面形成不同的表面微纳结构,从而改善接头的性能。首先介绍了激光表面处理原理及激光器分类,对比了不同激光器的优缺点及加工质量特性,分析了激光加工参数对接头强度的影响。其次从激光加工不同表面微纳结构入手,阐述了不同表面微纳结构的加工方式,分析了不同表面微纳结构对不同材料接头强度的影响。此外,针对不同的表面微纳结构,其结构参数有所不同,导致接头表面化学成分和润湿性能也有所不同,使得接头强度有所差异,在此基础上分析了微纳结构参数对接头强度的影响及原因。同时,胶层间的作用机制与接头强度具有密不可分的联系,研究表明,不同的表面微纳结构对胶层的作用机制具有明显的不同,归纳总结发现,经激光表面处理形成表面微纳结构后接头表面粗糙度、化学性质、润湿性能及胶层间裂纹的扩展对接头强度的提升具有一定作用。最后,对激光表面处理微纳结构的研究进行了展望。

基于骨架关键关节构建时空金字塔模型的人体行为识别

针对当前骨骼数据信噪比低及特征信息不足的问题,提出人体关键关节构建时空金字塔模型的动作识别方法。该算法利用人体骨架关键关节构建空间域金字塔特征,保留骨架铰链系统的空间结构;利用多层级叠加协方差,构建时序金字塔特征,解决需要预处理视频序列长度的问题。在MSR-Action3D和UTKinect数据集上的实验结果表明,该方法准确率高、实时性好,可广泛应用于行为识别的各个领域。

Distributed Nash Equilibrium Seeking on Compact Action Sets over Jointly Strongly Connected Switching Networks

This paper studies the distributed Nash equilibrium seeking(DNES)problem for games whose action sets are compact and whose network graph is switching satisfying the jointly strongly connected condition.To keep the actions of all players in their action sets all the time,one has to resort to the projected gradient-based method.Under the assumption that the unique Nash equilibrium is the unique equilibrium of the pseudogradient system,an algorithm is proposed that is able to exponentially find the Nash equilibrium.Further,the authors also consider the distributed Nash equilibrium seeking problem for games whose actions are governed by high-order integrator dynamics and belong to some compact sets.Two examples are used to illustrate the proposed approach.

“我们”与集体意向性——基于共同行动和情绪共享的考察

分析哲学关于集体意向性有三种主流进路:布拉特曼的“对象进路”、吉尔伯特的“主体进路”,以及塞尔的“我们模式”进路。这些进路各自隐含着困难,也遭到系统的挑战。现象学关于集体意向性的最新方案,特别是扎哈维的“第二人称参与”和施密德的“复数自身觉知”理论,从传统对共同行动的关注,转向对情绪共享等社会现象的研究,拓展了社会本体论的研究范围及其涉及的更为基础的“相互隶属感”。

基于关节点连接广度矩阵的颈椎康复运动识别

为提高颈椎康复动作识别的准确率与实时性,提出一种基于关节点连接广度矩阵的颈椎康复运动识别方法。在预处理阶段,首先从人体实时视频流数据中进行骨架提取;然后根据人体骨骼运动特点准确提取运动时人体骨架的特征信息,获取局部空间上的变化信息,利用广度优先搜索算法遍历骨架图内关节点,建立关节点连接广度矩阵,根据连接广度信息划分三角子图并为关节点分配权重,提高模型的识别效率;最后提取关节点连接广度矩阵的时空特征,通过SVM分类器完成识别。在颈椎康复运动数据集CRED和MSR Action 3D公开数据集上对该识别方法进行验证,实验结果表明,基于关节点连接广度矩阵的颈椎康复运动识别方法平均耗时为1.20 s,平均帧率为27,平均识别准确率为92.72%,与现有方法相比有一定优势。

论被监护人侵权之诉的被告:兼评《民法典》侵权责任编解释征求意见稿第七条

根据《关于适用〈中华人民共和国民法典〉侵权责任编的解释(一)(征求意见稿)》第七条的规定,被监护人侵权之诉中应将监护人和被监护人列为共同被告。该内容与实体法和程序法规定相悖的同时,也背离了司法解释的制定规则。从立法出发,《民法典》第一千一百八十八条所确立的监护人责任应为严格的个人责任,受害人应以监护人为单独被告提起被监护人侵权之诉。但现行实体法规定存在监护人责任过重,各个主体之间权益不均衡的问题,不利于现代侵权法预防功能的实现。基于此,应当以年龄为形式标准确立未成年人民事责任制度,具备民事责任能力的未成年人有为其行为承担侵权责任的能力,应当作为侵权纠纷的适格被告。

类矩形装配式地铁车站纵向等效抗弯刚度研究

类矩形装配式地铁车站纵向等效抗弯刚度是衡量其力学行为的重要参数,对于构件结构设计、抗弯承载能力验算具有重要作用。为了分析地铁车站纵向抗弯性能及其影响因素,根据等效连续梁的转角计算公式,得出了纵向等效抗弯刚度(EI)eq及纵向等效抗弯刚度有效率η的隐式表达式。通过截面参数分析,探讨了构件长度对中性轴距离c值、等效抗弯刚度有效率η值、截面最大应力的影响;研究了上下圆弧块厚度、曲率半径、圆心角及半短轴长b值对装配式构件截面上的最大应力的影响规律;为了反映装配式车站环缝实际作用范围,引入了环缝影响系数λ,拓展了类矩形装配式衬砌纵向等效连续化模型。研究结果表明:不同构件长度下截面应力分布状态及η值保持不变,且弯矩方向对其影响较小。在弯矩不变的前提下截面最大应力受半短轴长b值影响较大。当顶板块厚度t1处于0.6~2 m范围时,截面最大拉应力随半短轴长b增加而降低6.8%~9.3%;当底板块厚度t3处于0.6~2 m范围时,随着半短轴长b增加,截面最大压应力降低62.5%~63.6%。随着λ由0增加到1,纵向等效抗弯刚度有效率η由1降低到0.05%且变化趋势逐渐降低,与纵向等效连续化模型计算结论一致。本文研究结论对于装配式地铁车站预制构件结构设计及抗弯承载能力验算可提供有效参考。

Avoidance Reaction of Penaeus Chinensis to Heavy Metals (Pb, Cr,Zn) and Heavy Metal Mixtures (Pb-Cr, Pb-Zn)

Study on the avoidance response of Penaeus chinensis to heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Zn) and heavy metal mixtures (Pb-Cr, Pb-Zn) is carred out using a Y-model avoidance apparatus. The concentrations calculated to induce 50% avoidance rate byPenaeus chinensis are 11.4, 33.2 and 238. 1 mg/L for Pb, Cr and Zn, respectively. Mixtures of Pb-Cr and Pb-Zn produce additive effect in the avoidance test using Penaeus chinesis. But when the mixed Pb-Zn solution has 0.5 toxic unit Pb and 0.5 toxic unit Zn, the mixture seems to have synergistic effect.

Laparoscopic,Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery selected in China STEM Journal Excellence Action Plan

The China STEM Journal Excellence Action Plan is jointly implemented by the China Association for Science and Technology,Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China,Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China,Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China,National Press and Publication Administration,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and Chinese Academy of Engineering.This plan aims to build a series of world-class STEM journals.So far,it is the first national support system for STEM journals in China,as well as the largest,most funded and most extensive support project in the STEM journal field in China.

人际协同的多重表征模型——基于认知表征的视角

联合行动是日常生活中非常普遍的一种人际互动形式。成功的联合行动依赖于个体之间有效的协同,其中共同表征能力是人际协同的基础,但在联合行动中个体如何表征自我与他人的行为,目前说法尚未统一。在从认知表征视角对联合行动中人际协同的过程、机制及其理论解释系统梳理和分析的基础上,提出人际协同的多重表征模型,即可从空间、具身和社会性表征三个维度理解和解释联合行动中人际协同的内容和过程,并尝试将其应用于智能人机交互领域人机协同与组队的研究和落地。