Efficacy and safety of Yangxue Qingnao Granules in treatment of migraine:A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Yangxue Qingnao Granules(YXQN)is a Chinese patent medicine that has been commonly used in the clinical treatment of migraine.AIM To assess the efficacy and safety of YXQN alone for the treatment of migraine.METHODS We searched 10 databases to identify relevant randomized controlled trials(RCTs)published before September 2022.Two review authors independently searched and screened the literature,extracted the data,and assessed the methodological quality of the studies using criteria from ROB 2.0,and analyzed the data using Review Manager 5.4 software.RESULTS A total of 12 RCTs including 767 participants with migraine met the selection criteria.We divided these studies into comparisons of YXQN with placebo,routine treatment drugs,and other Chinese patent medicines.The meta-analysis showed the following:(1)Efficacy:The YXQN group outperformed the placebo group[relative risk(RR)=0.29,95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.15–0.43,P<0.00001],routine treatment group(RR=0.18,95%CI:0.09–0.27,P<0.0001),and Chinese patent medicine group(RR=0.27,95%CI:0.13–0.41,P<0.001);(2)frequency of headache:There was a significant difference between YXQN vs placebo[mean difference(MD)=-1.25,95%CI:-1.60 to-0.90,P<0.00001],routine treatment drugs(MD=-0.85,95%CI:-1.15 to-0.56,P<0.00001),and Chinese patent medicine(MD=-0.91,95%CI:-1.35 to-0.46,P<0.0001);(3)headache duration:We found great heterogeneity between studies,with no differences between YXQN and placebo(MD=-0.61,95%CI:-1.53 to-0.31,P=0.19)and routine treatment drugs(MD=-0.22,95%CI:-0.89 to 0.46,P<0.53).YXQN was more effective than other Chinese patent medicines in reducing headache duration(MD=-1.24,95%CI:-1.70 to-0.77,P<0.00001);and(4)headache severity:There was no significant difference between YXQN vs placebo(MD=-1.67,95%CI:-3.52 to 0.19,P=0.08),routine treatment drugs(MD=-0.53,95%CI:-2.02 to 0.96,P=0.68),and other Chinese patent medicines(MD=-0.49,95%CI:-2.83 to 1.85,P=0.68).Mild gastrointestinal adverse reactions were reported in three cases.CONCLUSION This study revealed that YXQN is effective and safe for treatment of migraine.

Effectiveness and safety of seven oral Chinese patent medicines as adjuvant therapy for cancer-related anemia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of seven oral Chinese patent medicines(CPMs)as adjuvant therapy for cancer-related anemia(CRA)by network meta-analysis(NMA).Methods:A literature search to obtain randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of seven oral CPMs in the adjuvant treatment of CRA was conducted in multiple databases from the inception to April 2022.The RevMan5.3 and R 4.1.1 software were used for NMA.Results:We ultimately included 29 RCTs with 2140 patients.Traditional meta-analysis showed that Fufang E'jiao syrup(FFEJS),Shengxuebao mixture(SXBM),Shengxuening tablets(SXNT),Jianpi Shengxue granules(JPSXG),and Yixuesheng capsule(YXSC)combined with basic Western treatment(BWT)could improve the hemoglobin(HGB)level.JPSXG combined with BWT could improve the red blood cell(RBC).FFEJS combined with BWT improved the Karnofsky performance status(KPS).NMA showed that FFEJS,JPSXG,SXBM,and SXNT plus BWT improved HGB better than Shengxue tablets(SXT)plus BWT,with top three ranking results being JPSXG plus BWT>SXNT plus BWT>FFEJS plus BWT.FFEJS plus BWT,JPSXG plus BWT,SXBM plus BWT,SXNT plus BWT,and SXT plus BWT improved RBC better than BWT,with top three ranking results being SXNT plus BWT>JPSXG plus BWT>FFEJS plus BWT.In terms of the KPS score,compared with SXT plus BWT,FFEJS,JPSXG,SXBM,SXNT,and Yizhong Shengxue capsule(YZSXC)plus BWT had higher KPS,with top three ranking results being SXBM plus BWT>JPSXG plus BWT>FFEJS plus BWT.Conclusions:Our NMA demonstrated that seven oral CPMs used as adjuvant treatment of CRA had a definite clinical effect.JPSXG not only increases the levels of HGB and RBC to enhance the clinical effect but also improves patients'quality of life.More accurate conclusions need to be verified by more high-quality RCTs.

Transcatheter Closure vs.Surgical Ligation in Preterm Infants with Patent Ductus Arteriosus:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background:Persistent patent ductus arteriosus(pPDA)is a common condition in preterm infants.This metaanalysis aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of transcatheter closure(TC)when compared to surgical ligation(SL)in preterm infants with pPDA.Methods:A literature search of Ovid Cochrane Library,Medline,Embase,Epub,Scopus,PMC Preprints,and ClinicalTrials.Gov was conducted from inception to May 06,2022.Eligible studies reported infants diagnosed with pPDA born at≤2000 g birth weight or at≤37 weeks’who underwent TC or SL as treatment.This review was registered in PROSPERO(CRD42022325944).Results:From 97 studies screened,8 studies met the eligibility criteria,with a total of 756 preterm infants undergoing either TC(n=366)or SL(n=390).Compared to TC,SL had higher mortality rates(OR=0.32,95%CI:0.16,0.66,I^(2)=0%).No difference was seen in post-procedural complication rate(OR=0.90,95%CI:0.18,4.44,I^(2)=79%),mean duration of post-procedural mechanical ventilation(MD=−2.21 days,95%CI:−4.88,0.47,I^(2)=60%),hospital stay length(MD=−8.30 days,95%CI:−17.03,0.44,I^(2)=0%)or neonatal intensive care unit stay length(MD=−3.50 days,95%CI:−10.27,3.27,I^(2)=0%).Conclusion:Our meta-analysis demonstrated TC as a viable alternative option in managing preterm infants with pPDA in the context of SL.Despite the promising trends demonstrated in this meta-analysis,further studies with larger sample size and controlled baseline characteristics are needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of TC and SL for preterm infants with pPDA.

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the Efficacy and Safety of Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid(血府逐瘀口服液)in the Treatment of Migraine

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid(血府逐瘀口服液)in the treatment of migraine.Methods:All randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on the treatment of migraine with Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid were screened out by systematically searching Cochrane Library,Pub Med,Embase,Web of Science,VIP,Wanfang,CNKI and CBM database from database establishment to March 2023.Literature screening was conducted strictly according to inclusion and exclusion criteria,and the quality of the finally included RCTs was evaluated according to the Cochrane Handbook.All data analyses were completed using Rev Man 5.4 software provided by the Cochrane Collaboration.Results:A total of 8 RCTs involving 706 patients were included.Meta-analysis showed that Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid alone(RR=1.22,95%CI[1.11,1.33],P<0.0001)or combined with conventional treatment(RR=1.19,95%CI[1.11,1.28],P<0.0001)was superior to conventional treatment alone in improving the severity of headache attacks and reducing recurrence.Three studies mentioned mild adverse reactions in individual patients during the treatment process,such as transient diarrhea,lethargy,etc.,which were not directly related to Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid.Conclusion:Based on the existing data and meta-analysis results,Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid alone or combined with conventional treatment can improve the total effective rate of migraine treatment,alleviate headache symptoms,reduce recurrence and adverse events.In the future,large-scale and high-quality original studies are needed to further verify the efficacy and safety of Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid in the treatment of migraine,and provide a reference for the clinical medication of migraine.

Patent-based technological developments and surfactants application of lithium-ion batteries fire-extinguishing agent

While newer,more efficient Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)and extinguishing agents have been developed to reduce the occurrence of thermal runaway accidents,there is still a scarcity of research focused on the application of surfactants in different LIBs extinguishing agents,particularly in terms of patented technologies.The aim of this review paper is to provide an overview of the technological progress of LIBs and LIBs extinguishing agents in terms of patents in Korea,Japan,Europe,the United States,China,etc.The initial part of this review paper is sort out LIBs technology development in different regions.In addition,to compare LIBs extinguishing agent progress and challenges of liquid,solid,combination of multiple,and microencapsulated.The subsequent section of this review focuses on an in-depth analysis dedicated to the efficiency and challenges faced by the surfactants corresponding design principles of LIBs extinguishing agents,such as nonionic and anionic surfactants.A total of 451,760 LIBs-related patent and 20 LIBs-fire-extinguishing agent-related patent were included in the analyses.The extinguishing effect,cooling performance,and anti-recombustion on different agents have been highlighted.After a comprehensive comparison of these agents,this review suggests that temperature-sensitive hydrogel extinguishing agent is ideal for the effective control of LIBs fire.The progress and challenges of surfactants have been extensively examined,focusing on key factors such as surface activity,thermal stability,foaming properties,environmental friendliness,and electrical conductivity.Moreover,it is crucial to emphasize that the selection of a suitable surfactant must align with the extinguishing strategy of the extinguishing agent for optimal firefighting effectiveness.

Patentics和incoPat两种专利检索系统的体验之对比

本文介绍了Patentics系统和incoPat检索平台的基本情况,对两种专利检索平台的数据收录情况、搜索语言、检索字段、检索方式、分类号导航、浏览功能、对检索结果的处理、专利分析和预警监视等,进行了详细比较。之后结合实际专利检索案例对两种专利检索平台的高级检索方式、语义检索方式进行了体验对比,总结了各自的特点,希望能为有检索需求的用户提供参考。

专利情报检索与分析工具——PATENTICS

PATENTICS能对美国、日本、中国及欧洲、PCT专利进行全文检索和下载,并对检索结果进行专利分析。介绍了使用PATENTICS进行专利检索及对检索结果进行分析的方法,有助于企业实现专利的查新检索以确定研发方向,还有助于企业了解国内外行业的专利态势,从而为专利布局提供有效依据。

Patentics的不同干预方式在玻璃领域的检索应用研究

Patentics智能化语义检索具有丰富的检索字段,通过玻璃领域的实际案例,对比分析了Patentics不同的人工干预方式和检索应用效果。研究表明,合理使用Patentics不同的人工干预方式,能够提高玻璃领域的检索效率,快速浏览命中具有新颖性和创造性的文献,有效地提升检索效能。

我国天麻研究态势问题分析及未来发展对策研究——基于20年专利数据为例

天麻(Gastrodia elata Blume)是一种药食同源植物,具有极高的药用和食用价值。专利文献具有创造性、新颖性和实用性,为了解目前我国天麻专利的研究方向及重点,以Patentics数据库为数据源,检索公开日为2003年以来国内天麻专利,利用Excel 2019、Origin 2021工具以及专利计量学,对申请数量、申请地区、申请人、主要发明人、技术领域分布、法律状态和专利地图等方面进行分析。结果发现:近20年天麻专利申请数量呈波浪形变化;不同地区申请数量与地理位置和科技发展水平有关;申请人呈现较强地域性,重点关注领域也有所不同;所属单位相同的发明人存在合作关系;国内天麻专利技术领域分布重点集中于人类生活需要方面;专利地图呈现了天麻专利研究热点以及未来发展方向,具有一定参考意义。研究揭示近20年天麻专利技术分布和研发重点,为天麻未来研究领域和专利布局提供参考和新思路。

使用Patentics分析碱金属无机金属材料在我国的研究进展

Patentics专利智能检索系统是专利搜索的常用工具,也是分析专利的重要工具。本文通过Patentics分析了碱金属无机金属材料的国内专利申请的申请量变化趋势、申请人分布、相关领域的分类号、专利申请的法律状态以及研发方向,对该领域的发展方向提出了建议。

浅析在PATENTICS检索系统中的专利检索应用

Patentics检索系统能够进行智能语义检索排序,是专利文献检索中很重要的检索系统,该系统以语义检索特点,对所推选出的语义检索结果进行相关度排序筛查,并且在语义检索的基础上,可以进行人工干预~1,本文根据Patentics系统的全文语义智能检索以及人工干预,结合实际案例的检索过程,探讨了Patentics检索系统的检索应用,以及检索中进行人工干预的检索策略。

Patentics在生物装置领域中的检索技巧初探

生物装置领域属于交叉学科,相关文献检索采用一般检索策略的检索难度较大,本文初步介绍了采用语义智能检索系统——Patentics在这一领域的检索技巧,包括发明构思检索策略、去噪技巧、配合关联分类号限定技术领域、作者引文追踪检索和权利要求改写等,配合技术主题侧重选择不同策略的检索策略,提高检索效率,希望有助于生物装置领域中相关文献的获取和挖掘,促进该领域的科技创新。

Comparative efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicines of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy:A network meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Iron deficiency anemia(IDA)is a prevalent nutritional disorder during pregnancy.Clinical studies indicate that incorporating Chinese patent medicines(CPMs)with oral iron(OI)in treating IDA in pregnancy can reduce adverse effects and improve clinical outcomes.Nonetheless,the comparative efficacy of different CPMs remains unclear.AIM To assess the safety and effectiveness of different CPMs for treating IDA during pregnancy using network meta-analysis.METHODS We conducted a search for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that combined CPM and OI for IDA treatment in pregnancy,spanning from 2013 to the present.Data analysis was performed using Rev Man 5.3 and Stata 14.0 on literature that satisfied the quality criteria.RESULTS The analysis included 45 RCTs,encompassing 4422 pregnant patients with IDA.Six CPMs were examined,including Shengxuebao Mixture,Shengxuening Tablets(SXN),Yiqi Weixue CPMs(YQWX),Jianpi Shengxue CPMs(JPSX),Yiqi Buxue Tablets,and Compound Hongyi Buxue Oral Liquid(FFHY).Findings indicated that FFHY+OI significantly improved the clinical effective rate.SXN+OI was most effective in boosting red blood cells counts and hemoglobin levels.YQWX+OI showed superior results in improving serum ferritin,and SXN+OI was most effective in increasing serum iron levels.JPSX+OI was optimal in reducing adverse pregnancy outcomes,while YQBX+OI effectively minimized adverse events.A cluster analysis suggested that SXN+OI could be the potentially optimal therapeutic regimen for IDA in pregnancy.CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that the combination of OI with CPMs offers better outcomes than OI alone.Based on clinical efficacy and other measured outcomes,SXN+OI emerges as the most effective treatment modality for improving the health of pregnant patients with IDA.

Inhibition of hepatitis B virus via selective apoptosis modulation by Chinese patent medicine Liuweiwuling Tablet

BACKGROUND Liuweiwuling Tablet(LWWL)is a Chinese patent medicine approved for the treatment of chronic inflammation caused by hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection.Previous studies have indicated an anti-HBV effect of LWWL,specifically in terms of antigen inhibition,but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.AIM To investigate the potential mechanism of action of LWWL against HBV.METHODS In vitro experiments utilized three HBV-replicating and three non-HBV-replicating cell lines.The in vivo experiment involved a hydrodynamic injectionmediated mouse model with HBV replication.Transcriptomics and metabolomics were used to investigate the underlying mechanisms of action of LWWL.RESULTS In HepG2.1403F cells,LWWL(0.8 mg/mL)exhibited inhibitory effects on HBV DNA,hepatitis B surface antigen and pregenomic RNA(pgRNA)at rates of 51.36%,24.74%and 50.74%,respectively.The inhibition rates of LWWL(0.8mg/mL)on pgRNA/covalently closed circular DNA in HepG2.1403F,HepG2.2.15 and HepG2.A64 cells were 47.78%,39.51%and 46.74%,respectively.Integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics showed that the anti-HBV effect of LWWL was primarily linked to pathways related to apoptosis(PI3K-AKT,CASP8-CASP3 and P53 pathways).Apoptosis flow analysis revealed that the apoptosis rate in the LWWL-treated group was significantly higher than in the control group(CG)among HBV-replicating cell lines,including HepG2.2.15(2.92%±1.01%vs 6.68%±2.04%,P<0.05),HepG2.A64(4.89%±1.28%vs 8.52%±0.50%,P<0.05)and HepG2.1403F(3.76%±1.40%vs 7.57%±1.35%,P<0.05)(CG vs LWWL-treated group).However,there were no significant differences in apoptosis rates between the non-HBV-replicating HepG2 cells(5.04%±0.74%vs 5.51%±1.57%,P>0.05),L02 cells(5.49%±0.80%vs 5.48%±1.01%,P>0.05)and LX2 cells(6.29%±1.54%vs 6.29%±0.88%,P>0.05).TUNEL staining revealed a significantly higher apoptosis rate in the LWWL-treated group than in the CG in the HBVreplicating mouse model,while no noticeable difference in apoptosis rates between the two groups was observed in the non-HBV-replicating mouse model.CONCLUSION Preliminary results suggest that LWWL exerts a potent inhibitory effect on wild-type and drug-resistant HBV,potentially involving selective regulation of apoptosis.These findings offer novel insights into the anti-HBV activities of LWWL and present a novel mechanism for the development of anti-HBV medications.

Renewable Biomass as a Platform for Preparing Green Chemistry

1 About the Special Issue Editor Qiaoguang Li is an associate professor and master’s supervisor in the Department of College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering.He received his PhD from Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products,Chinese Academy of Forestry in 2018.He has been focusing his research on the chemical basis and application of natural resources.He has published nearly 30 international peer reviewed papers and applied for 10 patents.

Multiple paradoxical embolisms caused by central venous catheter thrombus passing through a patent foramen ovale: A case report

BACKGROUND To date,this is the first case of a paradoxical embolism(PDE)that concurrently manifested in the coronary and lower limb arteries and was secondary to a central venous catheter(CVC)thrombus via a patent foramen ovale(PFO).CASE SUMMARY Here,we report a case of simultaneous coronary and lower limb artery embolism in a PFO patient carrier of a CVC.The patient presented to the hospital with acute chest pain and lower limb fatigue.Doppler ultrasound showed a large thrombus in the right internal jugular vein,precisely at the tip of the CVC.Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography confirmed the existence of a PFO,with inducible right-to-left shunting by the Valsalva maneuver.The patient was administered an extended course of anticoagulation therapy,and then the CVC was successfully removed.Percutaneous PFO closure was not undertaken.There was no recurrence during follow-up.CONCLUSION Thus,CVC-associated thrombosis is a potential source for multiple PDE in PFO patients.

Simultaneous type III congenital esophageal atresia and patent ductus arteriosus in a low-weight patient: A case report

BACKGROUND We report a low-birth-weight child(1.8 kg)with neonatal type III congenital esophageal atresia(CEA)combined with symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus(PDA).After comprehensive evaluation,esophageal anastomosis was performed on postnatal day 11 after excluding surgical contraindications,and arterial catheter ligation was performed at the same time.Concurrent surgery for CEA combined with PDA has not been clearly reported in the literature.CASE SUMMARY We report a 6-day-old female child with type III CEA and PDA.The patient presented with foam at the mouth after birth,cough and shortness of breath after feeding.At another hospital,she was considered to have neonatal pneumonia,neonatal jaundice and congenital heart disease and transferred to our hospital.After iodine oil radiography of the esophagus and echocardiography we con-firmed diagnosis of CEA and PDA.The diameter of the PDA was 8 mm,with obvious left to right shunting.We performed right rear extrapleural orificium fistula ligation and esophageal anastomosis,and ligation of PDA via left axilla straight incision after 5 d of hospitalization.The operations were successful,and the incision healed after 12 d,and the patient was discharged.We re-examined the patient 1 mo after surgery.She did not vomit when she ate rice flour.Esophageal angiography showed no stricture of the anastomotic stoma.The patient weighed 3.2 kg.CONCLUSION For CEA patients with multiple risk factors,comprehensive,timely and accurate diagnosis and evaluation,and early treatment may improve prognosis.

Idiopathic mesenteric phlebosclerosis missed by a radiologist at initial diagnosis: A case report

BACKGROUND Idiopathic mesenteric phlebosclerosis(IMP)is a rare type of ischemic colitis characterized by thickening of the wall of the right hemicolon and calcification,sclerosis,and fibrosis of mesenteric veins.The diagnosis of IMP is based on typical clinical features and imaging findings.We report a case of IMP that was initially missed by the radiologist.CASE SUMMARY A 77-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital due to chronic diarrhea for over 2 months.She had been consuming Chinese patent medicines(CPM)containing fructus gardeniae for more than 15 years.Colonoscopy revealed an edematous mucosa,bluish-purple discoloration,erosions,and ulcerations throughout the colorectal area.Abdominal computed tomography(CT)showed diffuse mural thickening of the entire colorectum,with tortuous thread-like calcifications in the right hemicolon,left hemicolon,and rectum.Most of the calcifications were located in the mesenteric vein.The diagnosis of IMP was established based on medical history,colonoscopy,CT findings,and histopathological examination.The patient was treated conservatively with papaverine and rifaximin,and CPM was stopped.Her diarrhea symptoms improved,indicating the effectiveness of the treatment.Over the next several years,she took opium alkaloids for an extended period and did not require hospitalization for the aforementioned gastrointestinal disorder.CONCLUSION IMP is a rare gastrointestinal disease affecting Asian populations,possibly related to long-term herbal medicine intake.Accurate imaging analysis is crucial for diagnosis,but insufficient understanding of the disease can lead to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis.Treatment strategies should be personalized.

Exploring the Relationship Between Patent Forward Citation and Stock Return Rate Using Empirical Data of China Stock Market

A novel indicator called price-citation was proposed.Based on the company integrated patent database of China listed companies of common stocks(A-shares)with the stock price and the stock return rate data,more than two thousand of A-shares from 2017 to 2020 were selected.The effect of the traditional patent forward citation and the price-citation for discriminating the stock return rate was thoroughly analyzed via ANOVA.The A-shares of forward citation counts above the average showed higher stock return rate means than the A-shares having patents but receiving no forward citations.The price-citation,combining both the financial and patent attributes,defined as the multiplication of the current stock price and the currently receiving forward citation count,showed its excellence in discriminating the stock return rate.The A-shares of higher price-citation showed significantly higher stock return rate means while the A-shares of lower price-citation showed significantly lowest stock return rate means.The price-citation effect had not been changed by COVID-19 though COVID-19 affected the social and economic environment to a considerable extent in 2020.

Intensifying International Beauty Brands' Game against China

The way in which international beauty giants are laying out the Chinese market seems to be quietly changing.I have recently observed that the pace of foreign beauty giants launching self-developed patented ingredients and technologies is accelerating.In particular,a number of relevant achievements have been focused on the November 2023 China International Import Expo.Among them,new patented ingredients/technologies launched in the past year accounted for six cases.They include Shiseido’s Neomyone,Unilever’s Glutathione meta-technology,Amore Pacific's Fonoin,Estee Lauder's Sertiin Age Reversal Technology,Kose’s IPS cell research technology,and Procter&Gamble’s OLAY’s“Collagen Visualization”technology,etc..