High-energy-density fuels are important for volume-limited aerospace vehicles,but the increase in fuel energy density always leads to poor cryogenic performance.Herein,we investigated the transposed Paternò-B...High-energy-density fuels are important for volume-limited aerospace vehicles,but the increase in fuel energy density always leads to poor cryogenic performance.Herein,we investigated the transposed Paternò-Büchi reaction of biomass cyclic ketone and cyclic alkene to synthesize a new kind of alkyl-substituted polycyclic hydrocarbon fuel with high energy density and good cryogenic performance.The triplet-energy-quenching results and phosphorescent emission spectra reveal the sensitization mechanism of the reaction,including photosensitizer excitation,triplettriplet energy transfer,cyclization,and relaxation,and the possible reaction path was revealed by the density functional theory(DFT)calculations.The reaction conditions of photosensitizer type and addition,molar ratio of substrates,reaction temperature,and incident light intensity were optimized,with the target product yield achieving 65.5%.Moreover,the reaction dynamics of the reaction rate versus the light intensity are established.After the hydrogenation-deoxygenation reaction,three fuels with a high density of 0.864-0.938 g·ml^(-1) and a low freezing point of<-55℃ are obtained.This work provides a benign and effective approach to synthesize high-performance fuels.展开更多
Through the use of a survey and statistical methods, this study explores the effects and interventions of handheld Tai Chi water resistance fitness balls on the elderly with Parkinson’s disease. Firstly, a questionna...Through the use of a survey and statistical methods, this study explores the effects and interventions of handheld Tai Chi water resistance fitness balls on the elderly with Parkinson’s disease. Firstly, a questionnaire on exercise compliance for patients with Parkinson’s disease was developed, and its reliability and validity were tested. Then, a survey was conducted to investigate the current status of exercise compliance among Parkinson’s disease patients, including general information, scoring status, and single and multiple factor analyses of influencing factors [1]. The results of the study show that through qualitative research, the dimensions and item pools of the questionnaire were initially constructed, and the reliability analysis of the questionnaire was conducted through Delphi expert consultation, with favorable results in terms of its reliability and validity [2]. Regarding the current status of exercise compliance among Parkinson’s disease patients, the study found that the level of exercise compliance needs improvement, and there are significant differences in exercise compliance levels among patients under different circumstances. Finally, the research results were discussed and conclusions were drawn. The innovation of this study lies in the development of a questionnaire on exercise compliance for patients with Parkinson’s disease and the preliminary qualitative research and Delphi expert consultation conducted on it, providing new ideas and methods for the study of exercise compliance. However, the study also has limitations as it did not examine the effects of other interventions on Parkinson’s disease, so further research should be conducted [3].展开更多
Tai Chi,a traditional Chinese martial art and health exercise,has gained significant global attention and recognition.The clinical benefits of Tai Chi have been studied extensively in recent decades.We conducted a sys...Tai Chi,a traditional Chinese martial art and health exercise,has gained significant global attention and recognition.The clinical benefits of Tai Chi have been studied extensively in recent decades.We conducted a systematic search of PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE databases,and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure,identifying and reviewing 241 clinical trials on the benefits of Tai Chi from their inception to June 1,2023.Most of these studies have consistently demonstrated the positive impact of Tai Chi on balance,cognitive function,mood regulation,sleep quality,pain relief,cardiorespiratory function,and overall health.In the future,the key to fostering the ongoing development of this field lies in comprehensive research on standardized study designs and reporting,the scope of Tai Chi applications,and the core factors influencing its efficacy.展开更多
April 27 coincided with 2024 World Tai Chi Day.The Spring Temple Fair organized by China Cultural Center in Malta in Jingyuan,a classical Chinese garden located in Santa Lucjia,Malta,attracted more than 1,ooo Maltese ...April 27 coincided with 2024 World Tai Chi Day.The Spring Temple Fair organized by China Cultural Center in Malta in Jingyuan,a classical Chinese garden located in Santa Lucjia,Malta,attracted more than 1,ooo Maltese people to enjoy Tai Chi performances,Hanfu show,Chinese folk music and song and dance performances,to appreciate the Chinese calligraphy,tea art and Chinese food,achieving in having them immerse themselves in the unique charm of the Chinese culture.展开更多
On April 27,the World Tai Chi Day-Tai Chi lecture and experience event,sponsored by China Cultural Center in Singapore and supported by the Bank of China Singapore Branch,ICBC Singapore Branch,Singapore International ...On April 27,the World Tai Chi Day-Tai Chi lecture and experience event,sponsored by China Cultural Center in Singapore and supported by the Bank of China Singapore Branch,ICBC Singapore Branch,Singapore International Wushu Cultural Centre,and Singapore Youth Culture&Arts Centre,was successfully held at China Cultural Center in Singapore.展开更多
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a seve re complication of the central nervous system that occurs after anesthesia and surgery,and has received attention for its high incidence and effect on the quality of life ...Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a seve re complication of the central nervous system that occurs after anesthesia and surgery,and has received attention for its high incidence and effect on the quality of life of patients.To date,there are no viable treatment options for postoperative cognitive dysfunction.The identification of postoperative cognitive dysfunction hub genes could provide new research directions and therapeutic targets for future research.To identify the signaling mechanisms contributing to postoperative cognitive dysfunction,we first conducted Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of the Gene Expression Omnibus GSE95426 dataset,which consists of mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs differentially expressed in mouse hippocampus3 days after tibial fracture.The dataset was enriched in genes associated with the biological process"regulation of immune cells,"of which Chill was identified as a hub gene.Therefore,we investigated the contribution of chitinase-3-like protein 1 protein expression changes to postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the mouse model of tibial fractu re surgery.Mice were intraperitoneally injected with vehicle or recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 124 hours post-surgery,and the injection groups were compared with untreated control mice for learning and memory capacities using the Y-maze and fear conditioning tests.In addition,protein expression levels of proinflammatory factors(interleukin-1βand inducible nitric oxide synthase),M2-type macrophage markers(CD206 and arginase-1),and cognition-related proteins(brain-derived neurotropic factor and phosphorylated NMDA receptor subunit NR2B)were measured in hippocampus by western blotting.Treatment with recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 1 prevented surgery-induced cognitive impairment,downregulated interleukin-1βand nducible nitric oxide synthase expression,and upregulated CD206,arginase-1,pNR2B,and brain-derived neurotropic factor expression compared with vehicle treatment.Intraperitoneal administration of the specific ERK inhibitor PD98059 diminished the effects of recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 1.Collectively,our findings suggest that recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 1 ameliorates surgery-induced cognitive decline by attenuating neuroinflammation via M2 microglial polarization in the hippocampus.Therefore,recombinant chitinase-3-like protein1 may have therapeutic potential fo r postoperative cognitive dysfunction.展开更多
Tai Chi,a practice that combines elements of both exercise and mindfulness,offers a wide range of health benefits.The body of evidence concerning the impact of Tai Chi on diabetes has recently been growing.This editor...Tai Chi,a practice that combines elements of both exercise and mindfulness,offers a wide range of health benefits.The body of evidence concerning the impact of Tai Chi on diabetes has recently been growing.This editorial aims to provide a concise summary of the current state of evidence for Tai Chi's effects on individuals with type 2 diabetes(T2D).The review includes 3 randomized controlled trials(RCTs)and 5 systematic reviews and meta-analyses,all of which investigate the effectiveness of Tai Chi on various health outcomes in individuals with T2D.Tai Chi demonstrates a significant effect to enhance glycemic control,lower blood pressure,improve serum lipid profiles,reduce insulin resistance,positively influence obesity-related indices,and improve overall quality of life in individuals with T2D.However,it is noteworthy that recent RCTs have reported inconsistent findings regarding the effects of Tai Chi on glycemic control and insulin resistance.The author also delves into potential mechanisms by which Tai Chi may exert its influence on the human body.Finally,the editorial highlights the critical issues that warrant further exploration in the future.展开更多
胆囊癌是胆道系统恶性肿瘤,患者会出现黄疸、腹痛等症状,还会出现胆囊炎和胆囊穿孔等[1,2]。胆囊癌在早期会对邻近周围器官肝脏进行侵犯,不适合进行根治性手术,而且患者易产生化疗耐药性,导致预后不良[3,4]。因此在早期诊断胆囊癌尤为...胆囊癌是胆道系统恶性肿瘤,患者会出现黄疸、腹痛等症状,还会出现胆囊炎和胆囊穿孔等[1,2]。胆囊癌在早期会对邻近周围器官肝脏进行侵犯,不适合进行根治性手术,而且患者易产生化疗耐药性,导致预后不良[3,4]。因此在早期诊断胆囊癌尤为重要。多层螺旋CT(multi-slice spiral CT,MSCT)能提高早期诊断恶性肿瘤准确率,但也在影像学图像判断上存在局限[5]。壳多糖酶3样蛋白1(chitosan enzyme 3-like protein 1,CHI3L1)可参与机体炎症以及血管形成[6]。CHI3L1在多种癌症中呈现高表达[7]。血管生成素样蛋白2(angiopoietin-like protein 2,ANGPTL2)作为癌症治疗的靶点,可参与乳腺癌进展[8]。目前关于MSCT联合血清CHI3L1、ANGPTL2在胆囊癌中的研究鲜有报道,因此,本研究旨在探讨MSCT联合血清CHI3L1、ANGPTL2对胆囊癌的诊断价值。展开更多
目的:观察川黄方治疗3~4期慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者的临床疗效,及对急性肾损伤(AKI)标志物尿L-FABP、CHI3L1的影响。方法:将3~4期CKD患者92例,按照1∶1的比例随机分到治疗组或对照组,即每组46例。对照组给予内科基础治疗;治疗组在对照组基...目的:观察川黄方治疗3~4期慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者的临床疗效,及对急性肾损伤(AKI)标志物尿L-FABP、CHI3L1的影响。方法:将3~4期CKD患者92例,按照1∶1的比例随机分到治疗组或对照组,即每组46例。对照组给予内科基础治疗;治疗组在对照组基础上加服川黄方。疗程为12周。进行临床疗效评价,并观察中医证候积分变化。检测治疗前后肾功能(Scr、BUN、UA、eGFR),24 h U-pro,尿L-FABP、尿CHI3L1变化。结果:(1)治疗组总有效率为73.9%,对照组43.5%,治疗组高于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)用药后,两组患者肾Scr、BUN、UA均有一定程度的降低,eGFR均有一定程度的升高,肾功能得到了改善。治疗组更明显(P<0.01)。两组患者UA差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(3)治疗后两组患者24 h U-pro均有降低,治疗组更显著(P<0.01)。(4)两组患者尿L-FABP、CHI3L1治疗前后比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗组降低更明显。(5)治疗后,两组患者中医证候积分均显著降低(P<0.01),说明两种治疗方法均有利于改善患者临床症状。结论:川黄方联合内科基础治疗的临床疗效优于单纯内科基础治疗,能更好地促进3~4期CKD患者肾功能恢复、延缓CKD进展,并能显著降低患者尿L-FABP和尿CHI3L1。展开更多
Objective:To assess the quality of systematic reviews assessing the effects of traditional Chinese exercises on controlling blood indices,anthropometric indices,psychological indices,and quality of life in patients wi...Objective:To assess the quality of systematic reviews assessing the effects of traditional Chinese exercises on controlling blood indices,anthropometric indices,psychological indices,and quality of life in patients with diabetes.Methods:Systematic studies/meta-analyses of intervention with traditional Chinese exercises on diabetes mellitus were searched in the Pub Med,Web of Science,the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Databases(CNKI),Wan Fang Database,and Chinese Scientific Journal Database(VIP).Two researchers independently screened the studies and extracted the data.The methodology and quality of evidence of the included studies were assessed using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews2(AMSTAR-2)and Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)criteria,respectively.Results:A total of 32 systematic reviews/meta-analyses were included in the present study.Of them,the methodological quality of 4 studies was graded as low,while that of the other 28 was graded as extremely low.The most common quality flaws in key items included a lack of preliminary proposals for systematic reviews,failure to explain the reasons for the inclusion criteria,failure to provide a list of excluded studies and reasons for exclusion,failure to report potential conflicts of interest,and inadequate assessment of publication bias.The quality of evidence for most of the 18 outcomes was subsequently graded as medium or low.Overall,the results of these studies indicated that Tai Chi,health qigong,and other traditional Chinese exercises lowered fasting blood glucose(FBG),2-h postprandial blood glucose(2hPBG),hemoglobin A_(1c)(HbA_(1c)),and body mass index,and relieved anxiety and depression in patients with diabetes.Conclusion:Our findings indicate that the methodological quality of systematic reviews related to traditional Chinese exercises in the diabetic population is generally low,and the quality of evidence is also relatively poor.Therefore,we suggest that the quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on traditional Chinese exercises for controlling diabetes mellitus needs to be improved.In the future,researchers should conduct higher-quality clinical studies with reference to the AMSTAR2 checklist and GRADE system.展开更多
基金support from National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2103704)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22222808,21978200)the Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations.
文摘High-energy-density fuels are important for volume-limited aerospace vehicles,but the increase in fuel energy density always leads to poor cryogenic performance.Herein,we investigated the transposed Paternò-Büchi reaction of biomass cyclic ketone and cyclic alkene to synthesize a new kind of alkyl-substituted polycyclic hydrocarbon fuel with high energy density and good cryogenic performance.The triplet-energy-quenching results and phosphorescent emission spectra reveal the sensitization mechanism of the reaction,including photosensitizer excitation,triplettriplet energy transfer,cyclization,and relaxation,and the possible reaction path was revealed by the density functional theory(DFT)calculations.The reaction conditions of photosensitizer type and addition,molar ratio of substrates,reaction temperature,and incident light intensity were optimized,with the target product yield achieving 65.5%.Moreover,the reaction dynamics of the reaction rate versus the light intensity are established.After the hydrogenation-deoxygenation reaction,three fuels with a high density of 0.864-0.938 g·ml^(-1) and a low freezing point of<-55℃ are obtained.This work provides a benign and effective approach to synthesize high-performance fuels.
文摘Through the use of a survey and statistical methods, this study explores the effects and interventions of handheld Tai Chi water resistance fitness balls on the elderly with Parkinson’s disease. Firstly, a questionnaire on exercise compliance for patients with Parkinson’s disease was developed, and its reliability and validity were tested. Then, a survey was conducted to investigate the current status of exercise compliance among Parkinson’s disease patients, including general information, scoring status, and single and multiple factor analyses of influencing factors [1]. The results of the study show that through qualitative research, the dimensions and item pools of the questionnaire were initially constructed, and the reliability analysis of the questionnaire was conducted through Delphi expert consultation, with favorable results in terms of its reliability and validity [2]. Regarding the current status of exercise compliance among Parkinson’s disease patients, the study found that the level of exercise compliance needs improvement, and there are significant differences in exercise compliance levels among patients under different circumstances. Finally, the research results were discussed and conclusions were drawn. The innovation of this study lies in the development of a questionnaire on exercise compliance for patients with Parkinson’s disease and the preliminary qualitative research and Delphi expert consultation conducted on it, providing new ideas and methods for the study of exercise compliance. However, the study also has limitations as it did not examine the effects of other interventions on Parkinson’s disease, so further research should be conducted [3].
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(82474657,82305362,82305360)the Sichuan Philosophy and Social Science Foundation(SCJJ24ZD101)+1 种基金the Science popularization project of Sichuan Science and Technology Department(2024JDKP0051)the Xinglin Promotion Program of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(QJJJ2022019,MPRC2022022,KPZX2022022).
文摘Tai Chi,a traditional Chinese martial art and health exercise,has gained significant global attention and recognition.The clinical benefits of Tai Chi have been studied extensively in recent decades.We conducted a systematic search of PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE databases,and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure,identifying and reviewing 241 clinical trials on the benefits of Tai Chi from their inception to June 1,2023.Most of these studies have consistently demonstrated the positive impact of Tai Chi on balance,cognitive function,mood regulation,sleep quality,pain relief,cardiorespiratory function,and overall health.In the future,the key to fostering the ongoing development of this field lies in comprehensive research on standardized study designs and reporting,the scope of Tai Chi applications,and the core factors influencing its efficacy.
文摘April 27 coincided with 2024 World Tai Chi Day.The Spring Temple Fair organized by China Cultural Center in Malta in Jingyuan,a classical Chinese garden located in Santa Lucjia,Malta,attracted more than 1,ooo Maltese people to enjoy Tai Chi performances,Hanfu show,Chinese folk music and song and dance performances,to appreciate the Chinese calligraphy,tea art and Chinese food,achieving in having them immerse themselves in the unique charm of the Chinese culture.
文摘On April 27,the World Tai Chi Day-Tai Chi lecture and experience event,sponsored by China Cultural Center in Singapore and supported by the Bank of China Singapore Branch,ICBC Singapore Branch,Singapore International Wushu Cultural Centre,and Singapore Youth Culture&Arts Centre,was successfully held at China Cultural Center in Singapore.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81730033,82171193(to XG)the Key Talent Project for Strengthening Health during the 13^(th)Five-Year Plan Period,No.ZDRCA2016069(to XG)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China,No.2018YFC2001901(to XG)Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline,No.ZDXK202232(to XG)。
文摘Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a seve re complication of the central nervous system that occurs after anesthesia and surgery,and has received attention for its high incidence and effect on the quality of life of patients.To date,there are no viable treatment options for postoperative cognitive dysfunction.The identification of postoperative cognitive dysfunction hub genes could provide new research directions and therapeutic targets for future research.To identify the signaling mechanisms contributing to postoperative cognitive dysfunction,we first conducted Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of the Gene Expression Omnibus GSE95426 dataset,which consists of mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs differentially expressed in mouse hippocampus3 days after tibial fracture.The dataset was enriched in genes associated with the biological process"regulation of immune cells,"of which Chill was identified as a hub gene.Therefore,we investigated the contribution of chitinase-3-like protein 1 protein expression changes to postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the mouse model of tibial fractu re surgery.Mice were intraperitoneally injected with vehicle or recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 124 hours post-surgery,and the injection groups were compared with untreated control mice for learning and memory capacities using the Y-maze and fear conditioning tests.In addition,protein expression levels of proinflammatory factors(interleukin-1βand inducible nitric oxide synthase),M2-type macrophage markers(CD206 and arginase-1),and cognition-related proteins(brain-derived neurotropic factor and phosphorylated NMDA receptor subunit NR2B)were measured in hippocampus by western blotting.Treatment with recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 1 prevented surgery-induced cognitive impairment,downregulated interleukin-1βand nducible nitric oxide synthase expression,and upregulated CD206,arginase-1,pNR2B,and brain-derived neurotropic factor expression compared with vehicle treatment.Intraperitoneal administration of the specific ERK inhibitor PD98059 diminished the effects of recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 1.Collectively,our findings suggest that recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 1 ameliorates surgery-induced cognitive decline by attenuating neuroinflammation via M2 microglial polarization in the hippocampus.Therefore,recombinant chitinase-3-like protein1 may have therapeutic potential fo r postoperative cognitive dysfunction.
文摘Tai Chi,a practice that combines elements of both exercise and mindfulness,offers a wide range of health benefits.The body of evidence concerning the impact of Tai Chi on diabetes has recently been growing.This editorial aims to provide a concise summary of the current state of evidence for Tai Chi's effects on individuals with type 2 diabetes(T2D).The review includes 3 randomized controlled trials(RCTs)and 5 systematic reviews and meta-analyses,all of which investigate the effectiveness of Tai Chi on various health outcomes in individuals with T2D.Tai Chi demonstrates a significant effect to enhance glycemic control,lower blood pressure,improve serum lipid profiles,reduce insulin resistance,positively influence obesity-related indices,and improve overall quality of life in individuals with T2D.However,it is noteworthy that recent RCTs have reported inconsistent findings regarding the effects of Tai Chi on glycemic control and insulin resistance.The author also delves into potential mechanisms by which Tai Chi may exert its influence on the human body.Finally,the editorial highlights the critical issues that warrant further exploration in the future.
文摘胆囊癌是胆道系统恶性肿瘤,患者会出现黄疸、腹痛等症状,还会出现胆囊炎和胆囊穿孔等[1,2]。胆囊癌在早期会对邻近周围器官肝脏进行侵犯,不适合进行根治性手术,而且患者易产生化疗耐药性,导致预后不良[3,4]。因此在早期诊断胆囊癌尤为重要。多层螺旋CT(multi-slice spiral CT,MSCT)能提高早期诊断恶性肿瘤准确率,但也在影像学图像判断上存在局限[5]。壳多糖酶3样蛋白1(chitosan enzyme 3-like protein 1,CHI3L1)可参与机体炎症以及血管形成[6]。CHI3L1在多种癌症中呈现高表达[7]。血管生成素样蛋白2(angiopoietin-like protein 2,ANGPTL2)作为癌症治疗的靶点,可参与乳腺癌进展[8]。目前关于MSCT联合血清CHI3L1、ANGPTL2在胆囊癌中的研究鲜有报道,因此,本研究旨在探讨MSCT联合血清CHI3L1、ANGPTL2对胆囊癌的诊断价值。
文摘目的:观察川黄方治疗3~4期慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者的临床疗效,及对急性肾损伤(AKI)标志物尿L-FABP、CHI3L1的影响。方法:将3~4期CKD患者92例,按照1∶1的比例随机分到治疗组或对照组,即每组46例。对照组给予内科基础治疗;治疗组在对照组基础上加服川黄方。疗程为12周。进行临床疗效评价,并观察中医证候积分变化。检测治疗前后肾功能(Scr、BUN、UA、eGFR),24 h U-pro,尿L-FABP、尿CHI3L1变化。结果:(1)治疗组总有效率为73.9%,对照组43.5%,治疗组高于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)用药后,两组患者肾Scr、BUN、UA均有一定程度的降低,eGFR均有一定程度的升高,肾功能得到了改善。治疗组更明显(P<0.01)。两组患者UA差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(3)治疗后两组患者24 h U-pro均有降低,治疗组更显著(P<0.01)。(4)两组患者尿L-FABP、CHI3L1治疗前后比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗组降低更明显。(5)治疗后,两组患者中医证候积分均显著降低(P<0.01),说明两种治疗方法均有利于改善患者临床症状。结论:川黄方联合内科基础治疗的临床疗效优于单纯内科基础治疗,能更好地促进3~4期CKD患者肾功能恢复、延缓CKD进展,并能显著降低患者尿L-FABP和尿CHI3L1。
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2022-JYB-JBZR-026)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81873211)。
文摘Objective:To assess the quality of systematic reviews assessing the effects of traditional Chinese exercises on controlling blood indices,anthropometric indices,psychological indices,and quality of life in patients with diabetes.Methods:Systematic studies/meta-analyses of intervention with traditional Chinese exercises on diabetes mellitus were searched in the Pub Med,Web of Science,the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Databases(CNKI),Wan Fang Database,and Chinese Scientific Journal Database(VIP).Two researchers independently screened the studies and extracted the data.The methodology and quality of evidence of the included studies were assessed using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews2(AMSTAR-2)and Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)criteria,respectively.Results:A total of 32 systematic reviews/meta-analyses were included in the present study.Of them,the methodological quality of 4 studies was graded as low,while that of the other 28 was graded as extremely low.The most common quality flaws in key items included a lack of preliminary proposals for systematic reviews,failure to explain the reasons for the inclusion criteria,failure to provide a list of excluded studies and reasons for exclusion,failure to report potential conflicts of interest,and inadequate assessment of publication bias.The quality of evidence for most of the 18 outcomes was subsequently graded as medium or low.Overall,the results of these studies indicated that Tai Chi,health qigong,and other traditional Chinese exercises lowered fasting blood glucose(FBG),2-h postprandial blood glucose(2hPBG),hemoglobin A_(1c)(HbA_(1c)),and body mass index,and relieved anxiety and depression in patients with diabetes.Conclusion:Our findings indicate that the methodological quality of systematic reviews related to traditional Chinese exercises in the diabetic population is generally low,and the quality of evidence is also relatively poor.Therefore,we suggest that the quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on traditional Chinese exercises for controlling diabetes mellitus needs to be improved.In the future,researchers should conduct higher-quality clinical studies with reference to the AMSTAR2 checklist and GRADE system.
