Establishing minimum clinically important difference values for the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Function, hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score for joint reconstruction, and knee injury and osteoarthritis out

AIM To establish minimum clinically important difference(MCID) for measurements in an orthopaedic patient population with joint disorders.METHODS Adult patients aged 18 years and older seeking care for joint conditions at an orthopaedic clinic took the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Function(PROMIS~? PF) computerized adaptive test(CAT), hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score for joint reconstruction(HOOS JR), and the knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score for joint reconstruction(KOOS JR) from February 2014 to April 2017. MCIDs were calculated using anchorbased and distribution-based methods. Patient reports of meaningful change in function since their first clinic encounter were used as an anchor.RESULTS There were 2226 patients who participated with a mean age of 61.16(SD = 12.84) years, 41.6% male, and 89.7% Caucasian. Mean change ranged from 7.29 to 8.41 for the PROMIS~? PF CAT, from 14.81 to 19.68 for the HOOS JR, and from 14.51 to 18.85 for the KOOS JR. ROC cut-offs ranged from 1.97-8.18 for the PF CAT, 6.33-43.36 for the HOOS JR, and 2.21-8.16 for the KOOS JR. Distribution-based methods estimated MCID values ranging from 2.45 to 21.55 for the PROMIS~? PF CAT; from 3.90 to 43.61 for the HOOS JR, and from 3.98 to 40.67 for the KOOS JR. The median MCID value in the range was similar to the mean change score for each measure and was 7.9 for the PF CAT, 18.0 for the HOOS JR, and 15.1 for the KOOS JR.CONCLUSION This is the first comprehensive study providing a wide range of MCIDs for the PROMIS? PF, HOOS JR, and KOOS JR in orthopaedic patients with joint ailments.

Mid-term outcomes of a kinematically designed cruciate retaining total knee arthroplasty

BACKGROUND Advances in implant material and design have allowed for improvements in total knee arthroplasty(TKA)outcomes.A cruciate retaining(CR)TKA provides the least constraint of TKA designs by preserving the native posterior cruciate ligament.Limited research exists that has examined clinical outcomes or patient reported outcome measures(PROMs)of a large cohort of patients undergoing a CR TKA utilizing a kinematically designed implant.It was hypothesized that the studied CR Knee System would demonstrate favorable outcomes and a clinically significant improvement in pain and functional scores.AIM To assess both short-term and mid-term clinical outcomes and PROMs of a novel CR TKA design.METHODS A retrospective,multi-surgeon study identified 255 knees undergoing a TKA utilizing a kinematically designed CR Knee System(JOURNEY™II CR;Smith and Nephew,Inc.,Memphis,TN)at an urban,academic medical institution between March 2015 and July 2021 with a minimum of two-years of clinical follow-up with an orthopedic surgeon.Patient demographics,surgical information,clinical outcomes,and PROMs data were collected via query of electronic medical records.The PROMs collected in the present study included the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for Joint Replacement(KOOS JR)and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System(PROMIS■)scores.The significance of improvements in mean PROM scores from preoperative scores to scores collected at six months and two-years postoperatively was analyzed using Independent Samples t-tests.RESULTS Of the 255 patients,65.5%were female,43.8%were White,and patients had an average age of 60.6 years.Primary osteoarthritis(96.9%)was the most common primary diagnosis.The mean surgical time was 105.3 minutes and mean length of stay was 2.1 d with most patients discharged home(92.5%).There were 18 emergency department(ED)visits within 90 d of surgery resulting in a 90 d ED visit rate of 7.1%,including a 2.4%orthopedic-related ED visit rate and a 4.7%non-orthopedic-related ED visit rate.There were three(1.2%)hospital readmissions within 90 d postoperatively.With a mean time to latest follow-up of 3.3 years,four patients(1.6%)required revision,two for arthrofibrosis,one for aseptic femoral loosening,and one for peri-prosthetic joint infection.There were significant improvements in KOOS JR,PROMIS Pain Intensity,PROMIS Pain Interference,PROMIS Mobility,and PROMIS Physical Health from preoperative scores to six month and two-year postoperative scores.CONCLUSION The evaluated implant is an effective,novel design offering excellent outcomes and low complication rates.At a mean follow up of 3.3 years,four patients required revisions,three aseptic and one septic,resulting in an overall implant survival rate of 98.4%and an aseptic survival rate of 98.8%.The results of our study demonstrate the utility of this kinematically designed implant in the setting of primary TKA.

Confirmatory factor analysis of VISA-P scale and measurement invariance across sexes in athletes with patellar tendinopathy

Background:The Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment–Patella(VISA-P) scale is the most condition-specific patient-reported outcome measure used to assess symptom severity in athletes with patellar tendinopathy.Previous exploratory factor analyses have been conducted to evaluate the scale's dimensionality,with inconsistent results,and the factor structure of the scale remains unclear.The aims of the present study were to determine the factorial structure of the VISA-P scale using confirmatory factor analysis(CFA) and test measurement invariance across sexes.Methods:The study included a convenience sample of 249 Spanish athletes with patellar tendinopathy.CFA was performed to assess factorial validity.Hypothesized 1-and 2-factor models were tested.Measurement invariance across sexes was evaluated via multi-group CFA with several fit indices using EQS 6.1 software.Results:The internal consistency coefficient was 0.74.Several CFA models were examined and the 1-factor model in which errors for Items 7 and8 were correlated showed acceptable fit in terms of comparative fit index(CFI) and goodness-of-fit index(GFI) statistics(CFI = 0.93;GFI = 0.94;standardized root mean square residual = 0.06;root mean square error of approximation = 0.10;90% confidence interval:0.08–0.13).This model was invariant across sexes.Conclusion:The 1-factor model of the Spanish version of the VISA-P scale(VISA-P-Sp) in which errors for Items 7 and 8 were correlated demonstrated relative fit in CFA.Scores obtained via VISA-P-Sp can be compared between men and women without sexes bias.Further studies should examine the VISA-P scale and other single-score patient-reported outcome measures concurrently.

Technological developments enable measuring and using patientreported outcomes data in orthopaedic clinical practice

Patient-reported outcomes measures form the backbone of outcomes evaluation in orthopaedics,with most of the literature now relying on these scoring tools to measure change in patient health status.This patient-reported information is increasingly collected routinely by orthopaedic providers but use of the data is typically restricted to academic research.Developments in electronic data capture and the outcome tools themselves now allow use of this data as part of the clinical consultation.This review evaluates the role of patient reported outcomes data as a tool to enhance daily orthopaedic clinical practice,and documents how developments in electronic outcome measures,computer-adaptive questionnaire design and instant graphical display of questionnaire can facilitate enhanced patientclinician shared decision making.

Importance of fatigue and its measurement in chronic liver disease

The mechanisms of fatigue in the group of people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis are protean. The liver is central in the pathogenesis of fatigue because it uniquely regulates much of the storage, release and production of substrate for energy generation. It is exquisitely sensitive to the feedback controlling the uptake and release of these energy generation substrates. Metabolic contributors to fatigue, beginning with the uptake of substrate from the gut, the passage through the portal system to hepatic storage and release of energy to target organs (muscle and brain) are central to understanding fatigue in patients with chronic liver disease. Inflammation either causing or resulting from chronic liver disease contributes to fatigue, although inflammation has not been demonstrated to be causal. It is this unique combination of factors, the nexus of metabolic abnormality and the inflammatory burden of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis that creates pathways to different types of fatigue. Many use the terms central and peripheral fatigue. Central fatigue is characterized by a lack of self-motivation and can manifest both in physical and mental activities. Peripheral fatigue is classically manifested by neuromuscular dysfunction and muscle weakness. Therefore, the distinction is often seen as a difference between intention (central fatigue) versus ability (peripheral fatigue). New approaches to measuring fatigue include the use of objective measures as well as patient reported outcomes. These measures have improved the precision with which we are able to describe fatigue. The measures of fatigue severity and its impact on usual daily routines in this population have also been improved, and they are more generally accepted as reliable and sensitive. Several approaches to evaluating fatigue and developing endpoints for treatment have relied of biosignatures associated with fatigue. These have been used singly or in combination and include: physical performance measures, cognitive performance measures, mood/behavioral measures, brain imaging and serological measures. Treatment with non-pharmacological agents have been shown to be effective in symptom reduction, whereas pharmacological agents have not been shown effective.

患者报告结局测量系统:儿童报告版与父母代报告版儿童整体健康量表的汉化及测量学检验

目的 汉化儿童报告版与父母代报告版儿童整体健康量表(PGH7+2),并进行测量学检验,旨在丰富患者报告结局测量系统。方法 采用国际标准的慢性病治疗功能评价翻译方法,对原量表进行翻译、回译、文化调适及预调查,选取104名5~7岁的儿童父母和123名8岁及以上的儿童,分别检验2个量表的信效度,并对测量数据进行Rasch模型分析。结果 儿童报告版PGH7+2的粗分总分为(35.46±5.00)分,总体Cronbach's α系数为0.863;父母代报告版PGH7+2粗分总分为(36.71±4.44)分;总体Cronbach's α系数为0.843。验证性因子分析结果显示2个量表的模型适配度均良好;标准化残差相关系数均<0.7;项目特征曲线均单调性递增,可行Rasch模型分析。儿童报告版量表的Rasch模型可以解释总变异的81.7%,父母代报告版量表模型可解释总变异的83.9%,但其首成分标准化残差特征根值均为2.7(>2.1),提示量表具有多维性可能。结论 汉化的儿童报告版与父母代报告版PGH7+2整体均具有良好的信度和效度,可用于评价儿童的整体健康状况,但部分条目还有待进一步文化调适。

基于患者报告结局用药相关生活质量量表的汉化及其在老年多重用药患者中的信效度研究

背景老年多重用药人群数量庞大,用药形势严峻,为保证用药患者生命长度与质量最大化,亟需使用特异性测评工具更加全面、客观地评估患者用药后的益处及风险。目的汉化基于患者报告结局用药相关生活质量量表(PROMPT-QoL),并评价该量表在老年多重用药患者中的信度和效度。方法征得原作者的授权,采用Brislin的双人直译-回译法、文化调适、认知性访谈,形成中文版PROMPT-QoL施测稿。于2022年6—8月便利选取延吉市公园街道、北山街道及河南街道社区卫生服务中心、延吉市医院及延边大学附属医院门诊就诊、健康体检、取药的老年多重用药患者作为调查对象。采用条目-维度相关分析法和决断值法进行项目分析;采用条目水平的内容效度指数(I-CVI)、全体一致量表水平的内容效度指数(S-CVI/UA)和平均S-CVI(S-CVI/Ave)评价量表的内容效度;采用探索性因子分析(EFA)和验证性因子分析(CFA)检验结构效度;采用内部一致性(Cronbach'sα系数)和折半信度检验量表的信度。结果共调查590例患者,回收有效资料564份,有效回收率为95.8%。其中234份资料应用于第一阶段的项目分析和EFA,330份资料应用于第二阶段的CFA。各条目得分与各维度得分的相关系数为0.504~0.915(P<0.01),各条目决断值(CR值)均>3.0(P<0.05);I-CVI为0.89~1.00,S-CVI/UA为0.91>0.80,S-CVI/Ave为0.99>0.90;EFA共提取8个公因子,与源问卷结构基本相符,其中条目G34在所属公因子上的载荷量<0.40,故删除条目G34;对剩余41个条目进行CFA,χ^(2)/df=2.160,拟合优度指数(GFI)=0.791,规范拟合指数(NFI)=0.848,增值拟合指数(IFI)=0.912,比较拟合指数(CFI)=0.911,非标准拟合指数(TLI)=0.902,近似误差均方根(RMSEA)=0.059;总量表Cronbach'sα系数为0.839,各维度Cronbach'sα系数为0.823~0.955(P<0.01);各维度的折半信度为0.815~0.957(P<0.01)。结论经汉化和文化调适后的中文版PROMPT-QoL信效度良好,可应用于我国老年多重用药患者的用药相关生活质量水平的评估。

Surgical outcome and patient satisfaction after Z-epicanthoplasty and blepharoplasty

AIM: To evaluate surgical outcomes of modified Z-epicanthoplasty with blepharoplasty that we previously reported from the patient’s perspective using patient-reported outcome measures(PROMs) and patient satisfaction scores.METHODS: A total of patients(n=180) who underwent the surgery between January 2013 and June 2016 were randomly selected. Standardized patient satisfaction forms(total score, 40) and validated PROMs questionnaires(total score, 12) were sent to patients for completion. PROMs assesses the severity of scarring, pain and asymmetry, as well as functional and appearance issues.RESULTS: All patients were female, ranging from 18 to 35 years old(mean=24). The response rate was 73.3%(n=132). The majority of patients reported good or excellent outcomes based on PROM analysis. Patients reported minimum or non-visible scarring at both the double eyelid surgical scar(85.6%) and the inner canthus(80.3%). Issues concerning function and appearance were minimal as 80.3% reported satisfaction with both domains. Notably, the majority of patients reported either a high or very high satisfaction rate to yield a mean score of 104 out of 120(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Integration of our modified Z-epicanthoplasty with blepharoplasty produces good outcomes based on PROM results, which shows a positive linear relationship with patient satisfaction scores.

Transperineal prostate biopsies for diagnosis of prostate cancer are well tolerated： a prospective study using patient-reported outcome measures

We aimed to determine short-term patient-reported outcomes in men having general anesthetic transperineal （TP） prostate biopsies. A prospective cohort study was performed in men having a diagnostic TP biopsy. This was done using a validated and adapted questionnaire immediately post-biopsy and at follow-up of between 7 and 14 days across three tertiary referral hospitals with a response rate of 51.6%. Immediately after biopsy 43/201 （21.4%） of men felt light-headed, syncopal, or suffered syncope. Fifty-three percent of men felt discomfort after biopsy （with 95% scoring 〈5 in a 0-10 scale）. Twelve out of 196 men （6.1%） felt pain immediately after the procedure. Despite a high incidence of symptoms （e.g., up to 75% had some hematuria, 47% suffered some pain）, it was not a moderate or serious problem for most, apart from hemoejaculate which 31 men suffered. Eleven men needed catheterization （5.5%）. There were no inpatient admissions due to complications （hematuria, sepsis）. On repeat questioning at a later time point, only 25/199 （12.6%） of men said repeat biopsy would be a significant problem despite a significant and marked reduction in erectile function after the procedure. From this study, we conclude that TP biopsy is well tolerated with similar side effect profiles and attitudes of men to repeat biopsy to men having TRUS biopsies. These data allow informed counseling of men prior to TP biopsy and a benchmark for tolerability with local anesthetic TP biopsies being developed for clinical use.

Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale may reduce medical visits in patients undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer

BACKGROUND Adjuvant chemotherapy is recommended in high-risk breast cancer. However, no universally accepted guidelines exist on pre-chemotherapy assessment. In particular, the number and frequency of medical visits vary according to each institution’s policy. We hypothesised that the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale(ESAS) may have a favourable impact on the pre-treatment assessment in candidates for adjuvant chemotherapy.AIM To investigate whether the ESAS can be used to safely reduce the number of medical visits in women with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.METHODS In a retrospectively prospective matched-pair analysis, 100 patients who completed the ESAS questionnaire before administration of adjuvant chemotherapy(ESAS Group) were compared with 100 patients who underwent chemotherapy according to the traditional modality, without ESAS(no-ESAS Group). Patients of the ESAS Group received additional visits before treatment if their ESAS score was > 3. The primary endpoint was the total number of medical visits during the entire duration of the chemotherapy period. The secondary endpoints were the occurrence of severe complications(grade 3-4) and the number of unplanned visits during the chemotherapy period.RESULTS The study variables did not statistically differ between patients of the ESAS Group and no-ESAS Group(age P = 0.880;breast cancer stage P = 0.56;cancer histology P = 0.415;tumour size P = 0.258;lymph node status P = 0.883;immunohistochemical classification P = 0.754;type of surgery P = 0.157), except for premenopausal status(P = 0.015). The study variables did not statistically differ between patients of the ESAS Group and no-ESAS Group regarding age, cancer stage, histology, tumour size, lymph node status, immunohistochemical classification, and type of surgery. Unplanned visits during the entire duration of chemotherapy were 8 in the ESAS Group and 18 in the no-ESAS Group visits(P = 0.035). Grade 3-4 toxicity did not differ between the study groups(P = 0.652). Forty-eight patients of the ESAS Group received additional visits due to an ESAS score > 3. The mean number of medical visits was 4.38 ± 0.51 in the ESAS Group and 16.18 ± 1.82 in the no-ESAS group(P < 0.001). With multivariate analysis, women of the ESAS group were more likely to undergo additional visits for an ESAS score > 3 if they were aged 60 or older, received a mastectomy, or had tumour stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ.CONCLUSION The ESAS score may safely reduce the number of medical visits in candidates for adjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer. Our results suggest that the ESAS score may be used for selecting a group of breast cancer patients for whom it is safe to reduce the number of medical visits in the setting of adjuvant chemotherapy. This may translate into several advantages, such as a more rational utilization of human resources and a possible reduction of coronavirus pandemic infection risk in oncologic patients.

Preliminary Report on Phenom^®Femoral Component in Total Hip Replacement: The Correlation between Outcome Scores in a Cross-Seccional Study

Background: The main purpose of the present study was to assess the short term performance of a cementless femoral stem in total hip replacement. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study of a 48-patient cohort with Phenom? femoral stems implanted between June 1, 2014 and September 1, 2018, to determine clinical performance, stability, and radiographic osseointegration. Patients were followed-up from 13 to 76 months (mean: 44.5 months) and assessed using the Harris Hip Score-HHS, the Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score-HOOS and radiographs. Results: All stems were radiologically stable. Mean Harris Hip Score was 89.8 and the HOOS was 80.4. No statistical differences were observed among patients with different diagnoses. Conclusions: The short-term results revealed satisfactory clinical outcomes and radiological signs of implant stability in all cases. Using two functional scores was useful in detecting biases and a low to moderate agreement was found between the scores.

基于临床计量标准的《卒中后失语患者报告结局量表》研究

目的:评价《卒中后失语患者报告结局量表》的可行性、信度、效度及敏感性。方法:通过临床计量标准下患者报告结局测量《卒中后失语患者报告结局量表》进行多维度临床验证。选取2022年3月至2022年10月就诊于北京中医药大学东直门医院和中国康复研究中心门诊、住院患者作为研究对象,分别采用频数分析、Cronbach信度系数、Pearson相关系数、Mokken Scale model进行验证。结果:共收集142份问卷,有效问卷140份,完成率100%,平均完成时间(6.13±3.68)min;Cronbachα为0.932,内容效度显示除Q1外其余条目与本维度的相关系数大于与其他维度的相关系数;Mokken Scale model显示量表各维度同质性系数H>0.349,除Q4外,其余条目同质性系数H_(ij)>0,H_(i)>0.3;中国康复研究中心汉语标准失语症检查量表与《卒中后失语患者报告结局量表》总分(r=0.562,P<0.01)、语言维度(r=0.630,P<0.01)及社会维度(r=0.533,P<0.01)之间均存在显著的正相关。结论:《卒中后失语患者报告结局量表》具有良好的可行性、精准性、可靠性、有效性、敏感性,可用来作为临床评估卒中后失语患者的量表之一。

肠易激综合征患者报告结局与生命质量测定特异性量表研究进展

肠易激综合征患者相关量表测评已经广泛应用于临床实践,如何选择合适的测评工具至关重要。基于此,本文采用文献检索方法搜索与肠易激综合征有关的特异性量表,总结其主要内容和测量学特性并提出量表选择建议。共计检索到37个肠易激综合征患者常用的生命质量测定相关特异性量表,目前已证实现有的肠易激综合征特异性量表具有较好的信度、效度和反应度,能较好地运用于临床实践中,建议医学及相关科研人员应根据不同研究目的和内容选择相应的量表。

Comparison of clinical outcomes among total knee arthroplasties using posterior-stabilized,cruciate-retaining,bi-cruciate substituting,bi-cruciate retaining designs:a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Background:Despite the advent of innovative knee prosthesis design,a consistent first-option knee implant design in total knee arthroplasty(TKA)remained unsettled.This study aimed to compare the clinical effects among posterior-stabilized(PS),cruciate-retaining(CR),bi-cruciate substituting(BCS),and bi-cruciate retaining designs for primary TKA.Methods:Electronic databases were systematically searched to identify eligible randomized controlled trials(RCTs)and cohort studies from inception up to July 30,2021.The primary outcomes were the range of knee motion(ROM),and the secondary outcomes were the patient-reported outcome measures(PROMs)and complication and revision rates.Confidence in evidence was assessed using Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis.The Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed for synthesis.Results:A total of 15 RCTs and 18 cohort studies involving 3520 knees were included.The heterogeneity and inconsistency were acceptable.There was a significant difference in ROM at the early follow-up when PS was compared with CR(mean difference[MD]=3.17,95%confidence interval[CI]0.07,7.18)and BCS was compared with CR(MD=9.69,95%CI 2.18,17.51).But at the long-term follow-up,there was no significant difference in ROM in any one knee implant compared with the others.No significant increase was found in the PROMs and complication and revision rates at the final follow-up time.Conclusions:At early follow-up after TKA,PS and BCS knee implants significantly outperform the CR knee implant in ROM.But in the long run,the available evidence suggests different knee prostheses could make no difference in clinical outcomes after TKA with extended follow-up.

Arabic Version of the Modified Constant Murley Score

Objectives: “Patient-reported outcome measures” has been used extensively, and it has shown the diseases’ impact on patient quality of life and has enabled the clinician to evaluate the clinical care efficacy. In the literature, there are more than 34 shoulder function assessment scoring instruments;the Modified Constant Murley Score (M-CMS) is one of the most popular scores. Although, the M-CMS had been translated and culturally adapted to Danish, Brazilian and Turkish versions, there is no Arabic version found in the literature. We aim to translate and culturally adapt M-CMS into the Arabic language. Method: The M-CMS was translated using previously published guidelines. The translation and cultural adaptation were done in five stages, initial translation by two bilingual translators then a synthesis of the translations after that, back translation by two native English speakers. Then an expert committee meeting approved the pre-final Arabic version. Finally, a pilot test was conducted on 41 patients to ensure its validity. Results: The M-CMS was successfully translated from the original English version to the Arabic version;no difficulties in the translation process were faced. Conclusion: A validated Arabic version of the M-CMS was produced and ready to be used for functional assessment of different shoulder pathologies in Arabic-speaking countries. Future study is needed for translation and cultural adaptation of the English standardized test protocol to assure the reproducibility of the Arabic version of the M-CMS.

卒中登记研究中Barthel指数和改良的Rankin量表的适用性与相关性研究

目的 评价Barthel指数 (BI)和改良的Rankin量表 (MRS)在脑卒中登记研究中作为预后指标的适用性 ,并分析二者由计量资料转换为二分类变量资料时分界值的对应关系。方法 前瞻性连续登记 912例住院的脑卒中患者 ,在发生卒中后 1、3、6和 12个月时盲法随访所有病例的BI和MRS评分。对卒中后不同时间的BI和MRS评分分布、天花板效应和地板效应进行评价 ,并通过建立BI和MRS评分的logistic回归模型 ,计算分别以MRS评分≤ 1和≤ 2作为划分残疾与否的分界值时BI评分对应的分界值。结果 BI和MRS评分共评价 2 82 9人次 ,发生卒中后 3、6和 12个月时BI最高评分例数分别为总例数的 5 4 8%、6 2 2 %和 6 8 3% ,显著高于相应的MRS最高评分例数。BI和MRS评分存在显著相关性 (Spearman s相关系数0 887,P <0 0 5 ) ;以MRS评分≤ 1和≤ 2分别作为划分残疾与否的分界值时 ,BI评分对应的分界值为≥ 90和≥ 85。结论 本研究结果显示 ,在脑卒中登记研究中 ,BI作为长期功能残疾的评价指标时具有显著的天花板效应 ,BI和MRS评分具有显著相关性。结合国外相关报道 ,我们建议在今后的研究中 ,可试依据MRS评分≤ 2或BI评分≥ 85作为划分脑卒中患者是否残疾的分界值。

患者临床结局报告量表译评、建构及中医临床实践优化模式探讨

患者临床结局报告(PRO)侧重于近代心理学概念和策略,对目标受试者的主观体验、本体症状改善情况、以及疾患诊治满意程度予以综合评价;这过程所体现的"以人为本"思维与传统中医经典理论相吻合,故PRO在传统医学研究中日趋受到关注,是当前中医临证与效应评析至为关键的内容之一。本文围绕上述核心问题在PRO的定义及溯源、PRO的测评要点和价值、PRO量表的评译和泛文化编制、中医临床效应测评及PRO量表的应用、PRO量表的建构及中医临床实践模式优化等方面展开论述,并就PRO国外量表的引进及特性考评、中医PRO量表研制及评价等方面进行相关分析,以期为当前中医特色PRO量表研制及临床实践提供参考。

移动图书馆服务质量的内涵、结构及其测度

通过广泛的文献研究,从服务感知绩效视角对移动图书馆服务质量的内涵进行了界定,然后结合研究小组讨论和专家深度访谈,构建了包括信息质量、环境质量、交互质量和结果质量四个结构维度的移动图书馆服务质量的多层次测度量表。选取北京、上海、南京、武汉等地的8所"985"高校学生为调查对象,对回收的191份有效问卷进行项目分析、信度检验、相关分析及效度检验。实证结果表明,移动图书馆服务质量各分量表具有较高的内部一致性和有效性,最终确定了包含33个测度项的移动图书馆服务质量测度量表,该量表可以作为移动图书馆服务质量的有效测评工具,对提升我国移动图书馆服务质量水平也具有一定的参考价值。

言语、空间与听觉质量量表在老年听力损失者助听器验配中的应用

目的探讨言语、空间与听觉质量量表(speech,spatial and qualities of hearing scale,SSQ)用于老年听力损失患者佩戴助听器的效果评估作用。方法以100例老年感音神经性听力损失者(60~90岁)为研究对象,采用横断面研究和前瞻性研究,其中,无助听器使用经验者44例(75.8±8.1岁,气导纯音平均听阈59.8±13.3 dB HL)、有助听器使用经验者34例(77.5±6.3岁,气导纯音平均听阈64.5±17.8 dB HL,助听器佩戴时间大于三个月)进行横断面研究;22例(74.3±8.6岁,气导纯音平均听阈58.1±12.6 dB HL)首次配戴助听器者进行前瞻性研究;二组参与横断面研究者进行一次SSQ评估,前瞻性研究组分别在助听前和佩戴助听器1个月后进行二次SSQ评估,均采用面对面问答方式用SSQ量表评估三组受试者在言语理解能力、空间定位能力和声音聆听质量方面的变化。结果横断面研究结果显示,有助听经验组SSQ问卷言语理解(97.29±23.43分)、空间听觉(131.94±19.27分)、声音质量(143.53±20.31分)和总分(372.76±51.92分)均显著高于无助听经验组(分别为58.66±30.13、99.41±37.09、108.09±43.28、266.16±78.18分)。前瞻性研究结果显示,受试者初次佩戴助听器一个月后的SSQ问卷言语理解(106.27±13.86分)、空间听觉(136.00±14.09分)、声音质量(151.73±13.91分)和总分(394.00±34.70分)均显著高于佩戴助听器前(分别为65.64±21.89、115.09±17.17、111.91±25.41、292.64±45.58分),横断面研究和前瞻性研究结果均显示,老年听力损失患者佩戴助听器后在言语理解能力、空间声源定位能力和声音聆听质量方面均有显著改善(P<0.05)。结论SSQ量表可以有效评估老年听力损失患者助听器使用效果;老年听力损失患者佩戴助听器后在言语理解能力、空间定位能力和声音聆听质量方面均有显著提高。

社区卫生服务结果的个体化评价方法

标准化的结果评价指标常常因为难以满足卫生服务提供者和消费者的要求 ,而受到批评 ,尤其是对那些以服务对象为中心的卫生服务项目的评价。因此 ,以服务对象个体为基础的结果评价方法在近年来引起许多关注。目标成就评量就是一种根据特定个体设定指标进行评价的方法 ,通过评量尺度对每个人给予一个评价值。使用该法可以对患有多种复杂和不同的疾病以及采用不同干预方案的人进行比较。这种评价与卫生实践的目标保持一致 ,能够产生良好的效应。