Spatio-temporal Pattern Characteristics of Relationship Between Urbanization and Economic Development at County Level in China

The relationship between China’s urbanization and economic development(RCUED) is an important concern nationwide. As important actors in regional strategy and policy, county-level regions have played an increasingly significant role in the development of China’s social economy. However, the existing research on the RCUED lacks the fine depiction of the county-level administrative units.Using 2000 and 2010 census data and the statistical analysis method, we uncovered the evolution characteristics of China’s urbanization and economic development and conducted a quantitative identification for the RCUED with improved methods using the quadrant map approach. In addition, we investigated the spatial correlation effect of the RCUED using the spatial autocorrelation analysis method. The results were as follows: 1) In general, a high degree of matching exists between China’s urbanization and economic development at the county level at the significance level of 0.01. The correlation coefficients between China’s urbanization and economic development in2000 and 2010 were 0.608 and 0.603, respectively. 2) A significant regional difference exists in the RCUED at the county level. Based on a comparative analysis of 2276 county units in China in the two years, we found that county units can be categorized as under-urbanized, basic coordination and over-urbanized in various areas. No situation was observed where urbanization seriously lagged behind the economic development level, so the levels of urbanization and economic development appear to be basically coordinated,and the coordination state may be gradually optimized over time. 3) Over time, the spatial dependency of the RCUED has weakened and the spatial heterogeneity has increased. Northeast China has always been an area characterized by over-urbanization. The number of county units classified as under-urbanized has begun to decline in eastern coastal urban agglomeration areas, while counties rich in resources have transformed from having point-shaped over-urbanization to plane-shaped under-urbanization along the northern border,and the number of over-urbanized county units has increased in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. 4)’Lag-lag’ type and ’advance-advance’ type accounted for 68% of all counties in China, and these counties were shown to have obvious spatial differentiation characteristics.

Global pattern of pairwise relationship in genetic network

In recent times genetic network analysis has been found to be useful in the study of gene-gene interactions, and the study of gene-gene correlations is a special analysis of the network. There are many methods for this goal. Most of the existing methods model the relationship between each gene and the set of genes under study. These methods work well in applications, but there are often issues such as non-uniqueness of solution and/or computational difficulties, and interpretation of results. Here we study this problem from a different point of view: given a measure of pair wise gene-gene relationship, we use the technique of pattern image restoration to infer the optimal network pair wise relationships. In this method, the solution always exists and is unique, and the results are easy to interpret in the global sense and are computationally simple. The regulatory relationships among the genes are inferred according to the principle that neighboring genes tend to share some common features. The network is updated iteratively until convergence, each iteration monotonously reduces entropy and variance of the network, so the limit network represents the clearest picture of the regulatory relationships among the genes provided by the data and recoverable by the model. The method is illustrated with a simulated data and applied to real data sets.

Inter-provincial pattern of the coupled and coordinated relationship between touristization and urbanization

The coordinated development between touristization and urbanization is the key to optimizing regional industrial structure and building a long-term dynamic mechanism for urbanization. Based on constructing the measurement index system of touristization and urbanization level, the evaluation model on the coupled and coordinated degree is used in this paper to measure the inter-provincial pattern of the coupled and coordinated relationship between touristization and urbanization in 31 provinces and autonomous regions in China. The results show that the coupled and coordinated relationship between touristization and urbanization is significantly different in different regions, which presents a gradient decline pattern of the highest in the east, the lower in the middle and the lowest in the west. In the future, measures should be taken to promote the coordinated development between touristization and urbanization in accordance with the regional differences and actual development needs.

门脉高压性胃病患者中医证型分布特点及其与胃镜下黏膜病变的相关性

目的:明确门脉高压性胃病(portal hypertension gastropathy,PHG)患者中医证型分布特点,探究PHG中医证型与胃镜下黏膜病变特点之间的相关性。方法:采用临床调查方式对符合标准的180例PHG患者中医证型、胃黏膜病变特点等资料进行统计学分析。结果:PHG患者中医证型主要为湿热蕴结证、瘀血阻络证;胃黏膜糜烂、充血、水肿、出血以湿热蕴结证患者多见,瘀血阻络证以PHG重度患者多见;肝气郁结证及瘀血阻络证与肝肾阴虚证、水湿内阻证及脾肾阳虚证相比,食管静脉曲张发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:PHG中医证型与胃黏膜病变相关,湿热、瘀血是其主要病理因素。

计划生育特殊家庭老人的社会关系变迁

计划生育特殊家庭老人群体数量的增加和年龄的增长将带来更大的社会服务需求。理解这一群体社会关系的动态变化,不仅有助于明晰其社会支持网络的演变特点,也有助于制定更有效的人口政策,防范家庭陷入困境的风险。本文采用扎根理论作为收集和分析资料的主要方法,选取某市某养老机构计划生育特殊家庭专区为主要的田野点,深度访谈了21名70岁以上的独生子女去世的老人。计划生育特殊家庭老人的社会关系主要形成了四种模式,分别为收缩型、扩展型、替代型和平衡型。这四种模式都是他们在子女去世后重建社会关系的方式,一些模式可能存在不稳定的风险,有必要在政策上对该群体提供更精准的回应和关怀。政府部门和社会服务机构从社会关系角度切入,将能更有效地为这一群体提供服务。

安徽省村庄开发强度与景观格局的空间分异及耦合关系研究

综合应用村庄开发强度、景观格局指数和双变量空间自相关模型等方法,分析安徽省村庄开发强度与景观格局的空间分布特点、空间耦合关系及影响因素。结果显示:安徽省村庄开发强度呈现皖北>皖中皖南,村庄景观格局破碎度呈现皖中>皖北>皖南,村庄开发强度与景观格局的空间分布存在明显区域差异,二者空间耦合关系上,皖北没有明显主导类型,皖中以低-高和低-低聚类为主,皖南以低-高聚类为主;村庄开发强度与景观格局的空间分异受自然地理、人类活动和土地利用政策的多重因素影响。最后,根据研究结果提出针对性的对策建议,可为村庄国土空间开发保护、村庄规划编制提供理论方法参考和实践应用借鉴。

基于多元关系融合的科学—技术—产业关联模式识别方法研究

[目的/意义]基于多元关系挖掘科学—技术—产业之间的关联模式,对揭示技术关联的科学基础和产业方向,促进产学研深度融合具有重要意义。[方法/过程]首先,利用LDA模型与人工判断方法识别出论文、专利、产品主题,基于论文与专利主题的引用关系、主体关系、内容关系构建科学关联度指标,基于专利与产品主题的交叉关系构建产业关联度指标;然后,基于科学关联度和产业关联度二元维度识别各技术主题的科学—技术—产业关联模式;最后,选择量子通信技术领域进行实证研究。[结果/结论]量子通信领域的技术主题关联模式包括S模式、S-T模式、T-I模式、S-T-I模式。随着时间推移,科学—技术—产业之间的互动逐步加深;量子通信技术遵循“材料研究—应用模块—应用核心技术—应用系统”的演化路径。

贵州省北盘江流域经济贫困与生态脆弱性的空间耦合关系研究

为研究北盘江流域经济贫困与生态环境之间的空间耦合关系,揭示其空间格局,基于遥感数据及统计资料,构建北盘江流域乡镇单元的经济贫困与生态脆弱性的评价体系,采用耦合协调度模型,对经济贫困与生态脆弱性的空间格局及耦合特征进行综合分析。结果表明:1)研究区中度贫困以上的乡镇占全部乡镇的40.54%,贫困程度较重的乡镇主要分布于东南部、中部及六盘水一带的西北部地区,有一定聚集性。2)生态脆弱性等级空间分布差异明显,由东至西生态脆弱程度愈加严重。中度以上脆弱性的乡镇仅占全部乡镇的30.41%,生态脆弱程度处于偏低水平,各类型分布具有明显的集中性。3)耦合协调类型占全部乡镇的83.24%,处于优良的耦合协调状态,耦合协调差异类型分布连片且集中,失调差异类型主要分布于研究区东部。研究可为区域经济发展与环境改善提供一定理论支持,为区域可持续发展提供科学参考。

留守经历、情感模式与互助型夫妻关系实践——留守经历的叙述与意义阐释

研究通过对三位有过留守经历的女性叙述,理解其留守经历对她们情感生活的意义。研究发现,童年和奶奶的共同生活使她们记忆的是“有奶奶的家”,和奶奶一起生活,让她们学会了独立和能吃苦的精神。成长后的她们以独立身份经营自己的情感、生育与夫妻关系,大致形塑了三类情感模式:一类是以愤怒为基础的敏感和自尊式情感类型;一类是以艰苦勤劳为底色的自信和自主式情感类型;一类是以需求被满足为基础的自爱和学习型情感类型。新生代女性是我国欠发达地区的职业教育和新型城镇化发展的受惠者,她们抓住机会,掌握自己的命运,成为摆脱父权制和母亲命运的创造者、新型城镇化过程中互助型夫妻关系的主导者。

时空视域下高速铁路网络与区域空间格局耦合研究——以山东省为例

高速交通已成为推动区域空间格局持续协调发展的重要支撑保障。基于山东省2010年、2015年与2020年高速铁路网络数据以及城市层面数据,分析了山东省高速铁路网络与区域空间格局的耦合关系。研究表明:高速铁路网络对山东省区域交通整体可达性提升有明显的促进作用,经济发展会助力交通可达性的提升;省内区域经济联系总量基本呈现增长态势;山东省交通可达性与经济联系总量的耦合度基本保持均衡发展状态,但省内各城市的耦合协调水平之间存在较大的差距,并且大部分城市交通可达性水平强于经济发展水平,代表着高速铁路网络的带动作用并未得到充分发挥,对经济的整体带动作用不强。

差序格局视域下民办社工机构参与乡村社区治理的过程与路径研究

乡村社区治理是我国基层治理的重要组成部分。民办社会工作服务机构通过发挥政治、专业以及地缘优势成为乡村社区治理的有效载体。在差序格局视角下,民办社会工作服务经历主动建立信任关系—重构社会支持网络—构建乡村社区共同体的治理过程,并提出中国特有乡土关系的特征下民办社会工作服务机构参与乡村社区治理的有效路径。

环鄱阳湖城市群土地利用功能转型及其驱动机制

快速城镇化背景下,推进土地利用高质量转型是实现区域可持续协同发展的重要路径。该研究基于土地利用主导功能,运用综合指数法、耦合协调度模型和时空地理加权回归模型(geographically and temporally weighted regression,GTWR)等方法,分析了环鄱阳湖城市群土地利用功能转型的时空演变特征、耦合协调水平及其驱动机制。结果表明:1)2000—2020年,环鄱阳湖城市群土地利用功能指数从0.20上升到0.55,持续优化提升,但总体上处于中低水平,土地利用功能水平表现为阶段性的变化特征;土地利用功能指数逐渐呈现出中西高、东部低的空间格局。2)生产-生活-生态功能及生产-生活功能的协调度指数持续上升,其余耦合度及协调度指数均呈波动发展的趋势,耦合协调度指数呈现中部和西南部高、东北和西北部低的空间分布格局;以低质量转型为主,平均占比约为50%,功能转型质量有所提升,中西部区县的土地利用功能转型质量要明显优于北部和东部区县。3)不同影响因子的驱动作用存在显著的空间差异。人口密度和城镇化水平的正向驱动作用持续增强,二三产业占比的负向驱动作用增强,人均GDP、人均固定资产投资和人均粮食产量的影响力趋于减弱。应根据各区县土地利用功能的转型阶段,实行差别化的发展政策,补齐区县发展短板,提升功能系统间的耦合协调度。研究结果可为提高区域用地效率,促进土地利用多功能协同发展提供参考和决策依据。

长江经济带居民健康水平和经济发展水平的耦合关系及空间格局研究

文章构建了长江经济带居民健康水平与经济发展水平的耦合协调模型,分析2017—2021年长江经济带两系统间耦合协调发展关系及变化趋势,并进一步探讨其空间分布格局和关联特征。结果发现,两系统发展水平差异逐渐缩小,但经济发展水平仍滞后于健康水平;耦合协调度均值由0.556增长到0.647,呈现“下游高,中上游低”的空间格局分布,说明存在地区间不平衡;全局莫兰指数均大于0,表示存在趋同聚集,局域空间自相关分析结果集中于高高聚集区和低低聚集区。研究结果为推动长江经济带地区居民健康水平与经济发展水平提升、促进两系统间协调发展提供参考。

重新认识句类的关系模式

学界对陈述句、感叹句、疑问句和祈使句等四个基本句类之间的关系提出了4类8种模式。本文认为其中的“陈述句、感叹句对疑问句、祈使句”关系模式是互动性“弱-强”模式,并从三个方面补充论证其句法形式:一是已有句类标记的再认识;二是语调系统及其分工;三是语调和语气词的共现关系。结果发现,汉语句类标记大体形成一个相互排斥的替代选择系统,每个句子标记都可以分配到一种类型,且任何句子标记都不是一种以上类型的成员。据此,互动性“弱-强”关系模式里的两类四种句类都分别具有各自的句法形式,因此该模式可视为汉语句类关系的最佳模式。

从《沧浪之水》看池大为社会关系的生产与再生产

较之评论界将《沧浪之水》定性为知识分子小说或是官场小说不同,本文尝试从文学社会学层面将其定性为关系小说,拟从“差序格局、社会角色、关系的生产与再生产”等概念入手来剖析围绕在池大为左右林林总总的关系,分析他的社会角色和社会支持网络的建构,进而拓展至中国人的关系研究。通过讨论可以看到费孝通先生差序格局理论对关系研究以及文学外部研究的贡献,在“小人物、大角色”双重角色身份转换和“硬关系”情境中心中体悟《沧浪之水》独特的艺术成就,探索跨学科研究的魅力。

特色小镇空间“格局—功能”动态协同发展研究——以贵州省茅台镇为例

特色小镇格局调整与功能优化是小镇社会实现高质量发展的有效途径,符合特色小镇施行严格的动态监管与优胜劣汰机制要求。基于系统论,建构特色小镇空间“格局—功能”动态评价指标体系,以茅台镇为研究对象,分析其格局功能耦合关系,研究动态协同发展特征与效应,以期为同类型特色小镇动态监测发展趋势与格局功能优化提供参考。研究表明:茅台镇近五十年空间功能格局优化明显,特色主导产业优势显著,整体处于激进扩张建设阶段;格局扩张优先于功能优化的发展趋势将引起特色小镇系统失调;特色小镇高速城镇化导致的空间异变可以通过满足生产主体需求、缓解人与自然对立关系、产业转型优先于格局调整等方法解决。

中国文明进程视野下的“生活革命”

在中华文明现代化进程中,中国人的生活发生了结构性和全方位的深刻变革。因此,中国民俗学探索着面向当下的学术转型。其中,周星提出了“生活革命”研究,分析普通国民日常生活的样貌和诞生过程。“生活革命”研究检讨了“民的主体性”和“日常生活”,考察了在衣食住用行等生活方式革命过程中,民众的行动逻辑、思维观念、身份认同等方面的变革。但是,“生活革命”研究主要面向消费领域、物质层面的现象,较少关注劳作模式和交往关系等更深层次领域的变革。这些领域共同构成了文明进程在民众日常生活中的表现,是民俗学应该面向的当下。因此,“生活革命”研究有着较强的学术潜力,重视考察理解民众的生活实践和行动意义,有助于推动民俗学的实践转向,更好地认知中华文明的当代进程,是中国民俗学开展文明进程研究的必然课题。

喀斯特山区生态系统服务权衡关系分异特征及生态安全格局识别——以贵州省为例

本文运用相关模型和方法对区域2000—2020年植被净初级生产力、土壤保持服务和产水服务进行评估,并借助均方根误差和空间自相关分析探索生态系统服务权衡关系的时空分异规律,构建贝叶斯网络解析生态系统服务权衡变化的驱动因素,并设置多情景实现区域生态安全格局识别。结果表明:研究时段内3类生态系统服务均呈现出了一定增长趋势,但局部地区权衡冲突明显。不同背景条件下生态系统服务权衡关系异质性特征显著。其中,产水服务与土壤保持服务、植被净初级生产力间的权衡关系在不同高程上均强于植被净初级生产力与产水服务;土壤保持服务与植被净初级生产力、产水服务的权衡关系随坡度增加而增强;岩溶峡谷、岩溶盆地上土壤保持服务与产水服务间的冲突更明显;生态工程修复区产水服务与植被净初级生产力、土壤保持服务的权衡关系更强。生态系统服务权衡关系受多种因素影响且主导因素不尽相同,造林面积、实际蒸散发和降水总量分别是造成土壤保持服务与植被净初级生产力、土壤保持服务与产水服务、植被净初级生产力与产水服务权衡变化的主要因素。贵州省南部的望谟县和罗甸县以及东北部的江口县和印江县面临着最大的生态风险,未来可以通过调整关键变量的关键状态来提升这类区域的生态安全水平。

全球稀土贸易格局演化及竞合关系研究

稀土是各国战略性新兴产业发展的关键原材料,厘清全球稀土贸易演变格局及竞合特征,对抢占未来产业发展的制高点具有重要战略意义。基于稀土全产业链视角,选取1999—2022年7种稀土产品的贸易数据,运用复杂网络分析法剖析全球稀土贸易网络的聚集性、中心性及社区结构特征,并引入竞争强度指数和相互依存指数探究稀土贸易中的竞合关系。研究表明:全球稀土贸易规模持续扩大,贸易网络空间覆盖面更广、联通性和可达性逐渐增强,具有典型的“小世界”网络特征。在稀土贸易网络中,少数国家占据大部分贸易联系的趋势愈发明显,节点之间的贸易资源差异悬殊。稀土贸易中的社区分化明显,但各社区内部成员构成不稳定。从竞合关系来看,稀土贸易的平均竞争强度出现小幅周期性变化,竞争关系主要体现在稀土贸易体量较大的国家(地区)之间,其相互依存关系趋于低度化,贸易伙伴多元化趋势明显。整体上,中国与其他稀土贸易参与国(地区)之间的竞合关系呈“高竞争性、低依存性”特征。

Morphological Characteristics of Cambodia Mekong Delta and Tonle Sap Lake and Its Response to River-Lake Water Exchange Pattern

Tonle Sap Lake is the largest river-connected lake, buffer area and ecological zone of Mekong River, which plays a huge role in dispelling flood peak and compensating water, and the conservation of biological diversity. The river-lake relationship between Mekong River and Tonle Sap Lake is unique and has always been a major focus in the international community. The land terrain and under-water topography were used to analyze the morphological characteristics of Cambodia Mekong Delta and Tonle Sap Lake. Long series of hydrological data of river-lake controlling stations were used to analyze the water level variation characteristics and water volume exchange pattern between Mekong River and Tonle Sap Lake, and the response relationship to river-lake morphological characteristics were also researched. The results show that: Cambodia Mekong Delta and Tonle Sap Lake Area is low-lying and flat with gentle channel gradient and water surface gradient, making the relationship between water level and area (or volume) smooth. The channel storage capacity of Mekong River and Tonle Sap River is not enough compared to the inflow, so vast flooding plain is extremely prone to be inundated, making the flood relationships between the left and right banks become very complicated. Tonle Sap Lake is a seasonal freshwater lake with water flowing in and flowing out, and the timing and intensity of water exchange with Mekong River are closely related to the water flow resistance at the exit section of Tonle Sap Lake and the cross-sectional area of Tonle Sap River, which can be reflected by the river-lake water level difference and the water level of Tonle Sap River. Affected by the river-lake morphological characteristics, the water exchange intensity between Mekong River and Tonle Sap Lake is great. Tonle Sap Lake not only stores 14.4% of flood volume (39.7 billion m3) from the Mekong River every year, but also supplies 29.7% of dry water (69.4 billion m3) to the Mekong River. Influenced by the adjustment of the floodplain, the water level fluctuation of Mekong River and Tonle Sap Lake is slow, and the rising and droop rates of water level are positively correlated with the floodplain storage area. The research results will help to understand the relationship mechanism between Mekong River and Tonle Sap Lake and provide a scientific basis for the comprehensive governance of Cambodia Mekong Delta and Tonle Sap Lake Area.