Bulk crystals of high Curie temperature(T_(C))24Pb(In_(1/2(Nb_(1/2))O_(3)-43Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-33PbTiO_(3)(24PIN-43PMN-33PT)with 55 mm in diameter and 130mm in length were reproducibly grown by the bottom-seede...Bulk crystals of high Curie temperature(T_(C))24Pb(In_(1/2(Nb_(1/2))O_(3)-43Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-33PbTiO_(3)(24PIN-43PMN-33PT)with 55 mm in diameter and 130mm in length were reproducibly grown by the bottom-seeded Bridgman method.The X-ray diffraction(XRD)spectrum indicated that the as-grown crystal was a single phase with rthombohedral structure at room temperature,the domain morphology and the phase transition sequence of R→T→C were observed,the full width at half maximum(FWHM)of X-ray rocking curve of(002)face was about 0.77°,and the defect density was inferred to 2.56×10^(10)cm^(-2).The measured density of the as-grown crystals was very close to the theoretical one.Variation of the transition temperature of the as-grown crystals along the growth direction revealed that T_(C) increased linearly along the growth direction and rthombohedral to tetrahedral phase transition temperature(T_(RT))gradually decreased in the middle part of the ingot.展开更多
Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)–PbTiO_(3)(PMN-PT)piezoelectric ceramics have excellent piezoelectric properties and are used in a wide range of applications.Adjusting the solid solution ratios of PMN/PT and different conce...Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)–PbTiO_(3)(PMN-PT)piezoelectric ceramics have excellent piezoelectric properties and are used in a wide range of applications.Adjusting the solid solution ratios of PMN/PT and different concentrations of elemental doping are the main methods to modulate their piezoelectric coefficients.The combination of these controllable conditions leads to an exponential increase of possible compositions in ceramics,which makes it not easy to extend the sample data by additional experimental or theoretical calculations.In this paper,a physics-embedded machine learning method is proposed to overcome the difficulties in obtaining piezoelectric coefficients and Curie temperatures of Sm-doped PMN-PT ceramics with different components.In contrast to all-data-driven model,physics-embedded machine learning is able to learn nonlinear variation rules based on small datasets through potential correlation between ferroelectric properties.Based on the model outputs,the positions of morphotropic phase boundary(MPB)with different Sm doping amounts are explored.We also find the components with the best piezoelectric property and comprehensive performance.Moreover,we set up a database according to the obtained results,through which we can quickly find the optimal components of Sm-doped PMN-PT ceramics according to our specific needs.展开更多
Transparent electro-optic(EO)ceramics of La-doped 0.75Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-0.25PbTiO_(3)(0.75PMN-0.25PT)were prepared successfully.High transparency of 69%in the near-infrared(IR)wavelength(1550 nm)was achieved a...Transparent electro-optic(EO)ceramics of La-doped 0.75Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-0.25PbTiO_(3)(0.75PMN-0.25PT)were prepared successfully.High transparency of 69%in the near-infrared(IR)wavelength(1550 nm)was achieved at 2 mo1%La doping,meanwhile it shows an extremely high quadratic EO coeficient of 45.4×10^(-16)m^(2)·V^(-2),which s indispensable for applications in EO devices.The distribution of a polar nanodomain structure of the samples experiences disorder-order-disorder evolution in a La doping range.It is found that a parallelly-stacked polar nanodomain structure with an easier and faster polarization switching in the 2 mol%La-doped sample suggests that an ordering distribution of polar nanoregions would be critical to inducing large EO effect,transparency,and piezoelectric response.A triple-cavity tunable optical filter(TOF)with a single transmission peak and a tuning voltage below 30 V in a tuning range of 190-197 THz was designed based on our ceramics.The work is believed to bridge the relationship among doping-engineering,EO properties,and polarization behavior,which would guide the further optimization of transparent EO ceramics.展开更多
Electro-optic modulators,which convert electrical signals onto the transmission light,are key devices in electro-optic modulating systems.Modulation efficiency is one of the most important parameters of an electro-opt...Electro-optic modulators,which convert electrical signals onto the transmission light,are key devices in electro-optic modulating systems.Modulation efficiency is one of the most important parameters of an electro-optic modulator,which directly determines the footprint and power consumption of the device.Generally,modulation efficiency strongly depends on the electro-optic response of the crystal.The Pb(In_(1/2)Nb_(1/2))O_(3)-Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-PbTiO_(3)(PIN-PMN-PT)single crystal with giant electro-optic coefficient(λ_(c))and high transparency indicates the potential to achieve greatly enhanced modulation efficiency.In this study,a prototype PIN-PMN-PT phase modulator was fabricated based on a titanium(Ti)in-diffusion waveguide,which is reported for the first time.The influences of titanium in-diffusion on the composition and domain structure of the PIN-PMN-PT single crystal were studied by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and piezoelectric force microscopy(PFM),respectively.Finally,a half-wave voltage(V_(π))of 2.3 V was obtained using a device with 6-mm-long(L)electrodes.Furthermore,the electro-optic modulation efficiency(V_(π)L)was calculated as 1.38 V-cm,which was approximately one order of magnitude lower than that of commercial lithium niobate(LiNbO_(3),LN)phase modulators.Such enhanced modulation efficiency indicates more compact device and lower power consumption,which is of great significance for electro-optic modulation systems used in micro-fiber gyroscope,integrated photonic devices,etc.展开更多
<001>textured Pb(Ni_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-PbZrO_(3)-PbTiO_(3)(PNN-PZT)ceramics were prepared by templated grain growth(TGG)technique using 0.36PNN-x PZ-(0.64-x)PT(x=0.23,0.25 and 0.27)powder matrix.Optimum templat...<001>textured Pb(Ni_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-PbZrO_(3)-PbTiO_(3)(PNN-PZT)ceramics were prepared by templated grain growth(TGG)technique using 0.36PNN-x PZ-(0.64-x)PT(x=0.23,0.25 and 0.27)powder matrix.Optimum template content was derived to achieve the best electromechanical properties of textured ceramics.The piezoelectric coefficient d33=1165 pC/N,Curie temperature T_(C)=197°C,longitudinal mode electrome-chanical coupling factor k33=0.86 and a very large effective piezoelectric strain coefficient d_(33)^(*)=2041 pm/V were simultaneously achieved at the morphotropic phase boundary(MPB)composition(x=0.25)with 3 vol.%BaTiO_(3)(BT)templates.Domain structures of textured ceramics were analyzed in detail to reveal the origin of these high piezoelectric and electromechanical properties.展开更多
The piezotronics effect utilizes a piezopotential to modulate and control current in piezo-semiconductors.Ferroelectric materials,as a type of piezoelectric materials,possess piezoelectric coefficients that are signif...The piezotronics effect utilizes a piezopotential to modulate and control current in piezo-semiconductors.Ferroelectric materials,as a type of piezoelectric materials,possess piezoelectric coefficients that are significantly larger than those found in conventional piezoelectric materials.Here,we propose a strain modulated ferroelectric field-effect transistor(St-FeFET)utilizing external strain instead of gate voltage to achieve ferroelectric modulation,which eliminates the need for gate voltage.By applying a very small strain(0.01%),the St-FeFET can achieve a maximum on-off current ratio of 1250%and realizes a gauge factor(GF)of 1.19×10^(6),which is much higher than that of conventional strain sensors.This work proposes a new method for realizing highly sensitive strain sensors and presents innovative approaches to the operation methods of ferroelectric field-effect transistors as well as potential applications for coupling of strain sensors and various devices across different fields.展开更多
In this work,we report the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of CuO-doped(1-x)[0.5573Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-0.4427PbTiO_(3)]-xBa(Zn_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))_(3)(PMNT-xBZN)relaxor ferrielectric ceramic samples with x=0....In this work,we report the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of CuO-doped(1-x)[0.5573Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-0.4427PbTiO_(3)]-xBa(Zn_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))_(3)(PMNT-xBZN)relaxor ferrielectric ceramic samples with x=0.1725,0.1925,02125 and 0.2325,which were fabricated by a conventional solid-state reaction method.By introducing the CuO into PMNT-xBZN,the sintering temperature of this system is drastically lowered from 1280℃to 1120℃.The second pyrochlore phase,which is often generated during sintering at high temperature,is also inhibited.Meanwhile,broad dielectric peaks with strong dielectric relaxation characteristics are observed from150℃to 100℃.Slim and slanted P-E hysteresis loops and purely electrostrictive strains with V-shape are obtained simultaneously in studied compositions from 30℃to 150℃.These results suggest that CuO could effectively lower the sintering temperature while maintaining the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of PMNT-xBZN relaxor ferroelectric ceramics.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51002116)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities+1 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(Grant No.2009CB623306)the National Nature Science foundation of China(Grant No.10976022).
文摘Bulk crystals of high Curie temperature(T_(C))24Pb(In_(1/2(Nb_(1/2))O_(3)-43Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-33PbTiO_(3)(24PIN-43PMN-33PT)with 55 mm in diameter and 130mm in length were reproducibly grown by the bottom-seeded Bridgman method.The X-ray diffraction(XRD)spectrum indicated that the as-grown crystal was a single phase with rthombohedral structure at room temperature,the domain morphology and the phase transition sequence of R→T→C were observed,the full width at half maximum(FWHM)of X-ray rocking curve of(002)face was about 0.77°,and the defect density was inferred to 2.56×10^(10)cm^(-2).The measured density of the as-grown crystals was very close to the theoretical one.Variation of the transition temperature of the as-grown crystals along the growth direction revealed that T_(C) increased linearly along the growth direction and rthombohedral to tetrahedral phase transition temperature(T_(RT))gradually decreased in the middle part of the ingot.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.52272116 and 12002400)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant No.ZR2021ME096)the Youth Innovation Team Project of Shandong Provincial Education Department (Grant No.2019KJJ012)。
文摘Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)–PbTiO_(3)(PMN-PT)piezoelectric ceramics have excellent piezoelectric properties and are used in a wide range of applications.Adjusting the solid solution ratios of PMN/PT and different concentrations of elemental doping are the main methods to modulate their piezoelectric coefficients.The combination of these controllable conditions leads to an exponential increase of possible compositions in ceramics,which makes it not easy to extend the sample data by additional experimental or theoretical calculations.In this paper,a physics-embedded machine learning method is proposed to overcome the difficulties in obtaining piezoelectric coefficients and Curie temperatures of Sm-doped PMN-PT ceramics with different components.In contrast to all-data-driven model,physics-embedded machine learning is able to learn nonlinear variation rules based on small datasets through potential correlation between ferroelectric properties.Based on the model outputs,the positions of morphotropic phase boundary(MPB)with different Sm doping amounts are explored.We also find the components with the best piezoelectric property and comprehensive performance.Moreover,we set up a database according to the obtained results,through which we can quickly find the optimal components of Sm-doped PMN-PT ceramics according to our specific needs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61971459)the Fund from Science,Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(Grant No.JCYJ2019080909-5009521)+2 种基金the Innovation Team Program of Hubei Province,China(Grant No.2019CFA004)the Innovation Fund of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics&Optical Valley Laboratory(WNLO)2022 Shenzhen Central Leading Local Science and Technology Development Special Funding Program Virtual University Park Laboratory Project.
文摘Transparent electro-optic(EO)ceramics of La-doped 0.75Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-0.25PbTiO_(3)(0.75PMN-0.25PT)were prepared successfully.High transparency of 69%in the near-infrared(IR)wavelength(1550 nm)was achieved at 2 mo1%La doping,meanwhile it shows an extremely high quadratic EO coeficient of 45.4×10^(-16)m^(2)·V^(-2),which s indispensable for applications in EO devices.The distribution of a polar nanodomain structure of the samples experiences disorder-order-disorder evolution in a La doping range.It is found that a parallelly-stacked polar nanodomain structure with an easier and faster polarization switching in the 2 mol%La-doped sample suggests that an ordering distribution of polar nanoregions would be critical to inducing large EO effect,transparency,and piezoelectric response.A triple-cavity tunable optical filter(TOF)with a single transmission peak and a tuning voltage below 30 V in a tuning range of 190-197 THz was designed based on our ceramics.The work is believed to bridge the relationship among doping-engineering,EO properties,and polarization behavior,which would guide the further optimization of transparent EO ceramics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52102143,51772239,62001369,62075088,and 51761145024)Shaanxi Province Project(Grant Nos.2017ktpt-21 and 2018TD-024)Jiangxi Technological Innovation Guidance Science and Technology Plan(Grant No.S20212BDH80017).
文摘Electro-optic modulators,which convert electrical signals onto the transmission light,are key devices in electro-optic modulating systems.Modulation efficiency is one of the most important parameters of an electro-optic modulator,which directly determines the footprint and power consumption of the device.Generally,modulation efficiency strongly depends on the electro-optic response of the crystal.The Pb(In_(1/2)Nb_(1/2))O_(3)-Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-PbTiO_(3)(PIN-PMN-PT)single crystal with giant electro-optic coefficient(λ_(c))and high transparency indicates the potential to achieve greatly enhanced modulation efficiency.In this study,a prototype PIN-PMN-PT phase modulator was fabricated based on a titanium(Ti)in-diffusion waveguide,which is reported for the first time.The influences of titanium in-diffusion on the composition and domain structure of the PIN-PMN-PT single crystal were studied by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and piezoelectric force microscopy(PFM),respectively.Finally,a half-wave voltage(V_(π))of 2.3 V was obtained using a device with 6-mm-long(L)electrodes.Furthermore,the electro-optic modulation efficiency(V_(π)L)was calculated as 1.38 V-cm,which was approximately one order of magnitude lower than that of commercial lithium niobate(LiNbO_(3),LN)phase modulators.Such enhanced modulation efficiency indicates more compact device and lower power consumption,which is of great significance for electro-optic modulation systems used in micro-fiber gyroscope,integrated photonic devices,etc.
基金supported in part by the Natural Science Foun-dation of Heilongjiang Province(No.LH2022E048)Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No.LBH-Z22138)China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(No.BX20490103).
文摘<001>textured Pb(Ni_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-PbZrO_(3)-PbTiO_(3)(PNN-PZT)ceramics were prepared by templated grain growth(TGG)technique using 0.36PNN-x PZ-(0.64-x)PT(x=0.23,0.25 and 0.27)powder matrix.Optimum template content was derived to achieve the best electromechanical properties of textured ceramics.The piezoelectric coefficient d33=1165 pC/N,Curie temperature T_(C)=197°C,longitudinal mode electrome-chanical coupling factor k33=0.86 and a very large effective piezoelectric strain coefficient d_(33)^(*)=2041 pm/V were simultaneously achieved at the morphotropic phase boundary(MPB)composition(x=0.25)with 3 vol.%BaTiO_(3)(BT)templates.Domain structures of textured ceramics were analyzed in detail to reveal the origin of these high piezoelectric and electromechanical properties.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52192611)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(No.Z230024)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘The piezotronics effect utilizes a piezopotential to modulate and control current in piezo-semiconductors.Ferroelectric materials,as a type of piezoelectric materials,possess piezoelectric coefficients that are significantly larger than those found in conventional piezoelectric materials.Here,we propose a strain modulated ferroelectric field-effect transistor(St-FeFET)utilizing external strain instead of gate voltage to achieve ferroelectric modulation,which eliminates the need for gate voltage.By applying a very small strain(0.01%),the St-FeFET can achieve a maximum on-off current ratio of 1250%and realizes a gauge factor(GF)of 1.19×10^(6),which is much higher than that of conventional strain sensors.This work proposes a new method for realizing highly sensitive strain sensors and presents innovative approaches to the operation methods of ferroelectric field-effect transistors as well as potential applications for coupling of strain sensors and various devices across different fields.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51772239,51761145024)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(XJTU),the Key Scientific and Tech-nological Innovation Team of Shannxi Province(Grant No.2018TD-024)the“111”Project(Grant No.B14040).
文摘In this work,we report the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of CuO-doped(1-x)[0.5573Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-0.4427PbTiO_(3)]-xBa(Zn_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))_(3)(PMNT-xBZN)relaxor ferrielectric ceramic samples with x=0.1725,0.1925,02125 and 0.2325,which were fabricated by a conventional solid-state reaction method.By introducing the CuO into PMNT-xBZN,the sintering temperature of this system is drastically lowered from 1280℃to 1120℃.The second pyrochlore phase,which is often generated during sintering at high temperature,is also inhibited.Meanwhile,broad dielectric peaks with strong dielectric relaxation characteristics are observed from150℃to 100℃.Slim and slanted P-E hysteresis loops and purely electrostrictive strains with V-shape are obtained simultaneously in studied compositions from 30℃to 150℃.These results suggest that CuO could effectively lower the sintering temperature while maintaining the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of PMNT-xBZN relaxor ferroelectric ceramics.
