[Objective] The aim was to study the damage and the mechanism of combined pollution of Pb and Cd on rice growth,yield and quality of rice. [Method]Effects of combined pollution of Pb and Cd on the growth and yield of ...[Objective] The aim was to study the damage and the mechanism of combined pollution of Pb and Cd on rice growth,yield and quality of rice. [Method]Effects of combined pollution of Pb and Cd on the growth and yield of rice were studied by pot experiment with cultivating rice. [Result] Pb and Cd could promote rice growth at low concentration while inhibit plant height at high concentration; Pb and Cd stress reduced the number of rice tillers significantly,with the increasing of stress concentration,the decrease amplitude of the number of tillers was greater; the panicle per pot,seed setting rate,1 000-grain weight and yield of rice were reduced significantly by Pb and Cd stress,the grain number per panicle decreased significantly under low concentration of Pb and Cd but increased significantly under high concentration; the brown rice rate and milled rice rate increased significantly under low concentration of Pb and Cd while at high concentration of Pb and Cd,the both two reduced significantly,the head milled rice rate reduced significantly with the decreasing of concentration; The Pb and Cd content of grains were significantly positively related to the concentrations of Pb and Cd content in soil,it had excessively exceeded hygienic standard when the concentrations of Pb and Cd in soil were medium-high and the unqualified rate reached 333% and 122%. [Conclusion]The study had provided basis for the establishment of rice cultivation system in pollution areas.展开更多
针对耕地土壤Cd、Pb污染问题,选取3种提取剂(提取剂Ⅰ:1.0 mol/L NaOH;提取剂Ⅱ:0.1 mol/L NaOH+0.1 mol/L Na 4 P 2 O 7;提取剂Ⅲ:0.1 mol/L KOH+0.1 mol/L K 4P 2O 7)分别从5种物料中(风化褐煤、污泥、鸡粪、泥炭土、牛粪)中提取腐殖...针对耕地土壤Cd、Pb污染问题,选取3种提取剂(提取剂Ⅰ:1.0 mol/L NaOH;提取剂Ⅱ:0.1 mol/L NaOH+0.1 mol/L Na 4 P 2 O 7;提取剂Ⅲ:0.1 mol/L KOH+0.1 mol/L K 4P 2O 7)分别从5种物料中(风化褐煤、污泥、鸡粪、泥炭土、牛粪)中提取腐殖质(HS)淋洗去除土壤中的Cd、Pb。结果表明,不同提取剂及物料中提取出的HS性质差异大,其中风化褐煤提取的HS总有机碳(TOC)含量最高;不同HS淋洗对土壤pH的影响总体不大;用提取剂Ⅱ从风化褐煤中提取的HS(HMⅡ)对Cd的淋洗去除率最高(45.09%),用提取剂Ⅲ从风化褐煤中提取的HS(HMⅢ)对Pb的淋洗去除率最高(30.01%)。从Cd、Pb淋洗去除效率、淋洗后土壤结构变化以及耕地使用功能上综合考虑,HMⅢ更适合做土壤重金属污染修复淋洗剂。展开更多
Accumulations of copper （Cu） and cadmium （Cd） in six rice cultivars （94D-22, 94D-54, 94D-64, Gui630, YY-1, and KY1360） were evaluated through exposure to heavy metal contamination （100 mg/kg Cu, 1.0 mg/kg Cd, a...Accumulations of copper （Cu） and cadmium （Cd） in six rice cultivars （94D-22, 94D-54, 94D-64, Gui630, YY-1, and KY1360） were evaluated through exposure to heavy metal contamination （100 mg/kg Cu, 1.0 mg/kg Cd, and 100 mg/kg Cu ＋ 1.0 mg/kg Cd） in a greenhouse. The dry weights of shoot and root, concentrations of Cu and Cd in plant tissues and the Cu, Cd, P, Fe concentrations in the root surface iron plaques were analyzed eight weeks later after treatment. The results indicated that the plant biomass was mainly determined by rice genotypes, not Cu and Cd content in soil. Separated treatment with Cu/Cd increased each metal level in shoot, root and iron plaques. Soil Cu enhanced Cd accumulation in tissues. In contrast, Cu concentrations in shoot and root was unaffected by soil Cd. Compared to single metal contamination, combined treatment increased Cd content by 110.6%, 77.0%, and 45.2% in shoot, and by 112.7%, 51.2% and 18.4% in root for Gui630, YY-1, and KY1360, respectively. The content level of Cu or Cd in root surface iron plaques was not affected by their soil content. Cu promoted Fe accumulation in iron plaques, while Cd has no effect on P and Fe accumulation in it. The translocation of Cu and Cd from iron plaques to root and shoot was also discussed. These results might be beneficial in selecting cultivars with low heavy metal accumulation and designing strategies for soil bioremediation.展开更多
基金Supported by the Program of Ministry of Environmental Protection(200809093 )the Significant Science Planning Program of Guangdong Province (2008A080800028)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study the damage and the mechanism of combined pollution of Pb and Cd on rice growth,yield and quality of rice. [Method]Effects of combined pollution of Pb and Cd on the growth and yield of rice were studied by pot experiment with cultivating rice. [Result] Pb and Cd could promote rice growth at low concentration while inhibit plant height at high concentration; Pb and Cd stress reduced the number of rice tillers significantly,with the increasing of stress concentration,the decrease amplitude of the number of tillers was greater; the panicle per pot,seed setting rate,1 000-grain weight and yield of rice were reduced significantly by Pb and Cd stress,the grain number per panicle decreased significantly under low concentration of Pb and Cd but increased significantly under high concentration; the brown rice rate and milled rice rate increased significantly under low concentration of Pb and Cd while at high concentration of Pb and Cd,the both two reduced significantly,the head milled rice rate reduced significantly with the decreasing of concentration; The Pb and Cd content of grains were significantly positively related to the concentrations of Pb and Cd content in soil,it had excessively exceeded hygienic standard when the concentrations of Pb and Cd in soil were medium-high and the unqualified rate reached 333% and 122%. [Conclusion]The study had provided basis for the establishment of rice cultivation system in pollution areas.
文摘针对耕地土壤Cd、Pb污染问题,选取3种提取剂(提取剂Ⅰ:1.0 mol/L NaOH;提取剂Ⅱ:0.1 mol/L NaOH+0.1 mol/L Na 4 P 2 O 7;提取剂Ⅲ:0.1 mol/L KOH+0.1 mol/L K 4P 2O 7)分别从5种物料中(风化褐煤、污泥、鸡粪、泥炭土、牛粪)中提取腐殖质(HS)淋洗去除土壤中的Cd、Pb。结果表明,不同提取剂及物料中提取出的HS性质差异大,其中风化褐煤提取的HS总有机碳(TOC)含量最高;不同HS淋洗对土壤pH的影响总体不大;用提取剂Ⅱ从风化褐煤中提取的HS(HMⅡ)对Cd的淋洗去除率最高(45.09%),用提取剂Ⅲ从风化褐煤中提取的HS(HMⅢ)对Pb的淋洗去除率最高(30.01%)。从Cd、Pb淋洗去除效率、淋洗后土壤结构变化以及耕地使用功能上综合考虑,HMⅢ更适合做土壤重金属污染修复淋洗剂。
基金supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China (No. 30671204, 40620120436)the Tianjin Specific Fund for Scientific and Technolog-ic innovation (No. 06FZZDSH00900)and the Hi-TechResearch and Development program (863) of China (No.2007AA061001).
文摘Accumulations of copper （Cu） and cadmium （Cd） in six rice cultivars （94D-22, 94D-54, 94D-64, Gui630, YY-1, and KY1360） were evaluated through exposure to heavy metal contamination （100 mg/kg Cu, 1.0 mg/kg Cd, and 100 mg/kg Cu ＋ 1.0 mg/kg Cd） in a greenhouse. The dry weights of shoot and root, concentrations of Cu and Cd in plant tissues and the Cu, Cd, P, Fe concentrations in the root surface iron plaques were analyzed eight weeks later after treatment. The results indicated that the plant biomass was mainly determined by rice genotypes, not Cu and Cd content in soil. Separated treatment with Cu/Cd increased each metal level in shoot, root and iron plaques. Soil Cu enhanced Cd accumulation in tissues. In contrast, Cu concentrations in shoot and root was unaffected by soil Cd. Compared to single metal contamination, combined treatment increased Cd content by 110.6%, 77.0%, and 45.2% in shoot, and by 112.7%, 51.2% and 18.4% in root for Gui630, YY-1, and KY1360, respectively. The content level of Cu or Cd in root surface iron plaques was not affected by their soil content. Cu promoted Fe accumulation in iron plaques, while Cd has no effect on P and Fe accumulation in it. The translocation of Cu and Cd from iron plaques to root and shoot was also discussed. These results might be beneficial in selecting cultivars with low heavy metal accumulation and designing strategies for soil bioremediation.
