铁含量对ZCuSn3Zn8Pb6Ni1FeCo合金组织与性能的影响

采用砂型铸造方法,制备了不同Fe含量的ZCuSn3Zn8Pb6Ni1FeCo合金。利用光学显微镜、拉伸测验、SEM和EDS能谱等分析测试手段,研究Fe含量对合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明：合金组织以α-{Cu,Sn,Zn}为基体,并存在硬脆相δ-Cu10Sn3,铅以单质形式析出;强化析出相主要有α-Fe和γ-Fe,以及CoCu2Sn、Fe3Co7、Fe4Zn9等;强化机制符合Orowan机制;当铁含量为1wt%时,以细小弥散颗粒状析出为主（平均直径5-15nm）,抗拉强度和伸长率分别为350MPa和12.5%;随着铁含量的增加,除细小弥散析出外,较大颗粒状和粗大颗粒析出数量增多,析出物平均直径增大,综合力学性能指标大幅下降;当铁含量为4wt%时,析出颗粒尺寸达到4-10μm,晶界富集粗大析出相,伸长率下降到5%。

离心对ZCuSn3Zn8Pb6Ni1FeCo合金析出相行为的影响

采用真空熔炼-离心铸造工艺制备出ZCuSn3Zn8Pb6Ni1FeCo合金试样。利用专用图像分析软件确定试样的晶粒度,并通过光学显微镜、TEM等分析手段,研究了离心对析出相行为的影响。结果表明:与常规铸造工艺相比,离心铸造使得平均晶粒直径由88～125μm降低到44～62μm,晶粒细化明显;析出相分布呈双峰分布,与非离心相比,离心条件下粗大析出相明显细化,细小析出相变化不大,且与基体间保持共格或半共格关系;离心压力对金属组织性能的影响主要原因是离心压力降低了临界晶核形核功,提高了扩散激活能,使晶粒细化。

热处理对ZCuSn3Zn8Pb6Ni1FeCo在3.5%NaCl溶液中腐蚀行为的影响

利用真空离心铸造方法制备的ZCuSn3Zn8Pb6NilFeCo合金试样，经850-900℃下保温1．0～3．0h后水淬固溶处理，随后在时效处理温度450、500、550、600℃下分别保温4h，通过静态浸泡腐蚀试验后，用XRD、SEM分析研究了时效工艺对合金在3．5％NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性能及腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明：ZCuSn3Zn8Pb6Ni1FeCo合金以α-{Cu，Sn}为基体，存在硬脆δ-Cu10Sn3相，强化析出相主要有α—Fe、γ-Fe、CoCu2Sn、Fe3CO7、Fe4Zn9等，铅以单质形式析出；ZCuSn3Zn8Pb6Ni1FeCo合金在3．5％NaCl溶液中具有良好的耐待蚀性能；腐蚀机理为氧去极化反应，表现为脱铁、脱铅的点蚀形态，同时具有全面腐蚀的特征；腐蚀产物主要有三类，一类是与Fe元素有关的腐蚀产物，另一类则与Pb有关的腐蚀产物，还有一类是Cu的氧化物；ZCuSn3Zn8Pb6Ni1FeCo合金中的δ-Cu10Sn3具有较强的耐腐蚀能力。

Co-Cu-Zn-Pb-Ni-Cl-H_2O体系的热力学分析

根据配位化学热力学平衡原理,通过热力学平衡计算绘制出了298.15 K时钴电解液体系中5种金属离子(Co2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、Pb2+、Ni2+)及其配离子的c-lg c[Cl]T图和c-pH图。热力学计算显示,pH为2.5时钴电解液中铅、锌主要以配合阴离子形式存在,钴、铜、镍主要以阳离子形式存在,可以采用阴离子树脂交换法将微量铅、锌与钴、铜、镍有效分离。对所绘的热力学平衡图分析表明,高浓度氯离子有利于与金属形成配合离子,提高铅锌的配合阴离子含量,有利于阴离子树脂交换除铅、锌。

Constraints of molybdenite Re-Os and scheelite Sm-Nd ages on mineralization time of the Kukaazi Pb-Zn-Cu-W deposit, Western Kunlun, NW China

The Kukaazi Pb-Zn-Cu-W polymetallic deposit, located in the Western Kunlun orogenic belt, is a newly discovered skarn-type deposit. Ore bodies mainly occur in the forms of lenses and veins along beddings of the Mesoproterozoic metamorphic rocks. Three ore blocks, KⅠ,KⅡ, and KⅢ, have been outlined in different parts of the Kukaazi deposit in terms of mineral assemblages. The KⅠ ore block is mainly composed of chalcopyrite, scheelite,pyrrhotite, sphalerite, galena and minor pyrite, arsenopyrite,and molybdenite, whereas the other two ore blocks are made up of galena, sphalerite, magnetite and minor arsenopyrite and pyrite. In this study, we obtained a molybdenite isochron Re–Os age of 450.5 ± 6.4 Ma(2σ,MSWD = 0.057) and a scheelite Sm–Nd isochron age of 426 ± 59 Ma(2σ, MSWD = 0.49) for the KⅠ ore block.They are broadly comparable to the ages of granitoid in the region. Scheelite grains from the KⅠ ore block contain high abundances of rare earth elements(REE, 42.0–95.7 ppm)and are enriched in light REE compared to heavy REE, with negative Eu anomalies(δEu = 0.13–0.55). They display similar REE patterns and Sm/Nd ratios to those of the coeval granitoids in the region. Moreover, they also have similar Sr and Nd isotopes [ ^(87)Sr/ ^(86)Sr = 0.7107–0.7118;ε_(Nd)(t) =-4.1 to-4.0] to those of such granitoids, implying that the tungsten-bearing fluids in the Kukaazi deposit probably originate from the granitic magmas. Our results first defined that the Early Paleozoic granitoids could lead to economic Mo–W–(Cu) mineralization at some favorable districts in the Western Kunlun orogenic belt and could be prospecting exploration targets.

复杂多组元Cu-Cr-Zr-Ni-Si-Co-Zn合金时效析出动力学研究

Cu-Cr-Zr及Cu-Ni-Si合金均为性能优异的引线框架材料,但二者性能均存在局限性。Cu-Cr-Zr合金具有优异的导电性能,但其强度偏低;Cu-Ni-Si合金具有极高的强度,但其导电性能一般。如果结合二者的优点,并通过后续工艺对其组织进行调控,则是制备高强高导铜合金的一条新路径。实验通过真空感应熔炼的方法制备了复杂多组元Cu-0.746Cr-0.217Zr-0.605Ni-0.109Si-0.177Co-0.085Zn(质量分数)合金,对其进行了不同工艺条件的固溶处理,并研究了不同固溶工艺条件下,合金时效过程中电导率及硬度的演化规律。结果表明:合金经1010℃×1.5 h固溶处理后,时效过程在500℃×3 h时,可获得较优异的综合性能,此时合金的硬度为HV 142.83,电导率为60.00%IACS。此外,根据Avrami经验方程描述了合金的时效析出过程,发现不同固溶工艺的合金在时效过程中,析出速率均随时效温度的提高而提高。

The Characteristics of Ore-Controlling Structure in Baoshan Cu-Pb-Zn Polymetallic Deposit,Hunan Province

The Baoshan Cu-Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit is lied in the central Nanling mineralization zone,and belongs to the junction area of the Chenzhou-Linwu fault zone and the Leiyang-Linwu fault zone.It is a significant part of Nanling polymetallic deposit belt.The outcropping stratas consist of upper Devonian Shetianqiao,Xikuangshan Formation,Lower Carboniferous Menggong’ao,Shidengzi,Ceshui,and Zimenqiao Formation.Igneous rocks in the Baoshan ore area mainly comprise granodiorite porphyry.Furthermore,the radio isotopic age ranges from 123 Ma to 183 Ma,belonging to the early to middle Yanshanian.

铁和钴对ZCuSn3Zn8Pb6Ni1合金组织及性能的影响

在ZCuSn3Zn8Pb6Ni1铸造青铜的基础上添加了一定比例的铁和钴元素,研制了ZCuSn3Zn8Pb6Ni1FeCo合金。结果表明:添加1%～3%铁和0.5%～1.5%钴后,铸造组织由典型的枝晶组织变为等轴晶组织,晶粒平均直径由3mm以上细化到20～60μm,晶粒细化到1%以下;抗拉强度由180～230MPa提高到400～450MPa,而伸长率仍保持在20%以上;消除了锡的宏观偏析。

First Report of Zircon U-Pb Ages from Lubei Cu-Ni Sulfide Deposit in East Tianshan of Central Asian Orogenic Belt, NW China

Objective The East Tianshan mafic-ultramafic rocks belt mainly produced in the eastern Jueluotage belt is an important part of the Central Asia Orogenic Belt （CAOB）. The well- known deposits including Huangshan, Huangshandong, Tulaergen, Hulu, Xiangshan were have been consecutively discovered in this belt （Duan Xingxing et al., 2016）. The new discovery of the Lubei Cu-Ni sulfide deposit in recent years, which locates in the west of Jueluotage belt, has great significance to the westward extension of the East Tianshan Cu-Ni metallogenic belt. To determine whether the mineralization age of the Lubei Cu-Ni sulfide deposit is consistent with other typical deposits, this study conducted zircon U-Pb geochronology on the diorite from the Lubei Cu-Ni sulfide deposit in order to provide new information for further exploring direction of Cu-Ni prospecting in East Tianshan.

Geochemical Characteristics and Significance of Basalt in the Hongshiyan Pb-Zn-Cu Polymetallic Deposit in Southeastern Yunnan Province

1 Introduction Southeast Yunnan is the convergent place of the Yangtze,Indochina blocks(Xu Wei,et al.2008).The Hongshiyan Pb-Zn-Cu polymetallic deposit is located in Wenshan Prefecture,Yunnan Province.It is a typical large sized VMS-type deposit discovered in recent years.The major ore minerals are sphalerite,galena,chalcopyrite ect.

Accumulation of Pb,Cu,and Zn in native plants growing on contaminated sites and their potential accumulation capacity in Heqing,Yunnan

Phytoremediation is one of the cost-effective and environmental friendly technologies used to remove contaminants from contaminated soils,which has been intensively studied during the last decade.Presently,few economical and effective remediation methods are available for the remediation of Pb contaminated sites.This study was conducted to assess the potential of 19 plants growing on contaminated sites in Pb mine area.Plants and associated soil samples were collected and analyzed for total metal concentrati...

Geochronology, Geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf Isotopes of No. I Complex from the Shitoukengde Ni–Cu Sulfide Deposit in the Eastern Kunlun Orogen, Western China: Implications for the Magmatic Source, Geodynamic Setting and Genesis

The Shitoukengde Ni-Cu deposit, located in the Eastern Kunlun Orogen, comprises three mafic-ultramafic complexes, with the No. I complex hosting six Ni-Cu orebodies found recently. The deposit is hosted in the small ultramafic bodies intruding Proterozoic metamorphic rocks. Complexes at Shitoukengde contain all kinds of mafic-ultramafic rocks, and olivine websterite and pyroxene peridotite are the most important Ni-Cu-hosted rocks. Zircon U-Pb dating suggests that the Shitoukengde Ni-Cu deposit formed in late Silurian （426-422 Ma）, and their zircons have ~Hf（t） values of-9.4 to 5.9 with the older TDMm ages （0.80-1.42 Ga）. Mafic-ultramafic rocks from the No. I complex show the similar rare earth and trace element patterns, which are enriched in light rare earth elements and large ion iithophile elements （e.g., K, Rb, Th） and depleted in heavy rare earth elements and high field strength elements （e.g., Ta, Nb, Zr, Ti）. Sulfides from the deposit have the slightly higher ~34S values of 1.9-4.3%o than the mantle （0 ~ 2%o）. The major and trace element characteristics, and Sr-Nd-Pb and Hf, S isotopes indicate that their parental magmas originated from a metasomatised, asthenospheric mantle source which had previously been modified by subduction-related fluids, and experienced significant crustal contamination both in the magma chamber and during ascent triggering S oversaturation by addition of S and Si, that resulted in the deposition and enrichment of sulfides. Combined with the tectonic evolution, we suggest that the Shitoukengde Ni-Cu deposit formed in the post-collisional, extensional regime related to the subducted oceanic slab break-off after the Wanbaogou oceanic basalt plateau collaged northward to the Qaidam Block in late Silurian.

Cu^(2+)、Zn^(2+)、Co^(2+)、Ni^(2+)、Li^+对西藏拟溞的急性与联合毒性效应

分别将Cu2+、Zn2+Co2+、Ni2+和Li+按照等对数间距法设置浓度梯度,测定其对西藏拟溞(Daphniopsis tibetana Sars)的急性毒性,根据各单种金属的48hEC50值,按毒性1:1等距离设置浓度梯度测定这些金属离子对西藏拟溞的联合毒性。结果表明,西藏拟溞对这5种金属离子表现出了较高的耐受性,其毒性由强到弱依次为铜、锌、钴、镍、锂,其24hEC50分别为12.75mg/L、18.32mg/L、83.26mg/L、196.97mg/L、386.34mg/L;48h EC50分别为3.27mg/L、4.96mg/L、27.49mg/L、66.09mg/L和325.42mg/L。联合毒性实验中,Cu+Zn、Co+Ni、Co+Li、Ni+Li、Co+Ni+Li,、Cu+Zn+Li和Cu+Zn+Co+Ni+Li对西藏拟溞的毒性效应为拮抗作用,而Cu+Zn+Li、Cu+Zn+Ni和Cu+Zn+Co+Ni对西藏拟溞表现出先拮抗作用后协同作用的毒性效应。西藏拟溞对金属离子有较高的耐受性,特别是对含有锂的金属离子组合往往表现为拮抗作用的特征,这很可能是西藏拟溞在西藏高锂盐湖中可高密度存活和快速生长的适应性机制。本研究旨在了解西藏拟溞对金属离子的耐受性,探讨其作为金属离子测试生物的可行性,并为大规模培养中培养液条件优化提供理论依据。

标准加入原子吸收法连续测定铬粉中微量Ni、Cu、Mn、Fe、Pb、Sb、Zn、Ca、Mg的含量

用王水溶解试样，在几个相同量的试液中，分别加入浓度依次递增的9种元素的标准溶液。用空气一乙炔火焰原子吸收法连续测定M、Cu、Mn、Fe、Ph、Sb、Zn、Ca、Mg的含量．建立了优化的仪器测定条件，并对可能存在的元素进行了干扰实验．Ni、Cu等9种元素的回收率为97.5％～103．0％，相对标准偏差为1.6％～2．9％．

Cu-Ni-Pb-Zn-Cl-H_2O体系的热力学分析

结合已有的热力学数据,对镍阳极液的Cu-Ni-Pb-Zn-Cl-H2O体系进行热力学平衡计算,绘制在298.15 K时Cu-Ni-Pb-Zn-Cl-H2O体系中不同金属离子和各级配离子的浓度与Cl-浓度和pH的关系图。研究结果表明:当pH为4.5时,镍阳极液中镍、铜主要以游离态离子和配合阳离子形式存在,铅、锌主要以配合阴离子形式存在,因此,可以采用阴离子树脂交换除去其中的铅、锌;提高溶液中氯离子的浓度有利于金属配合离子的形成,使铅锌的配合阴离子含量增多,有利于采用阴离子树脂交换除铅、锌;镍阳极液经过D201树脂交换除锌和D363树脂交换除铅后,铅质量浓度降至0.32 mg/L以下,锌质量浓度降至0.30 mg/L以下,达到了镍电解精炼的要求。

测定土壤中重金属Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn、Ni前处理方法

对土壤样品的前处理方法进行对比试验,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定Cu、Zn、Ni,石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测Pb、Cd。结果显示, 消化方法、消化蒸干与不蒸干对测定的准确性影响较大,其中王水+HClO4 消化法体系温度对Pb的回收率影响极大; HNO3 +HClO4 +HF常压消化法和HNO3 +HClO4 +HF密闭容器压力消化法均需用聚四氟乙烯烧杯,由于不透明,不易观测消化过程,很容易出现蒸干现象,影响测定结果。

标准加入原子吸收法连续测定镍粉中微量Co、Fe、Cu、Ca、Mn、Zn、Mg和Pb的含量

用HNO3溶解试样,在几个相同量的试液中,分别加入浓度依次递增的8种元素的标准溶液,再加入 释放剂SrCl2溶液,用空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收法连续测定Co、Fe、Cu、Ca、Mn、Zn、Mg和Pb的含量.建立了优化的 仪器测定条件,并进行了相关的干扰实验.方法的回收率为98.4％-102.6％,相对标准偏差为1.2％-2.7％.

用几种溶样方法对典型土样中Pb、Cr、Ni、Cd、Mn、Cu、Zn的溶出情况比较

本文采用HNO_3、HCl-HNO_3、HNO_3-H_2SO_4-HClO_4,溶洋方法消解土样,用原子吸收法测定题述中的元素,并与HCl-HNO_3-HF-HClO_4全消解方法进行了比较.发现除用HF以外的其它酸溶法Pb、Cr的溶出较少溶出比分别低于55％和67％,主要原因是Pb、Cr包藏在土壤的矿物晶格中。

微波辐射条件下Cu(Ⅱ)、Co(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)与甘氨酸配合物的固相合成、表征及应用

该文研究了Cu(Ⅱ )、Co(Ⅱ )、Ni(Ⅱ )、Zn(Ⅱ )的乙酸盐与甘氨酸在微波辐射及室温条件下的固———固相配位化学反应 ,通过固相反应一步合成了Cu(Ⅱ )、Co(Ⅱ )、Ni(Ⅱ )、Zn(Ⅱ )与甘氨酸的配合物 ,经电导率、IR、UV及元素分析表征了产物 ,并用微波产物进行了植物助长试验。

用石灰和肥皂泡沫浮选处理含重金属离子废水的探讨 Ⅰ.含CO^(2+)、Pb^(2+)、Cd^(2+)、Cu^(2+)、Zn^(2+)废水

目前,系统分析和系统工程已成为当前环境保护领域中的重要研究课题之一.在各种环境污染中,重金属污染对人类健康造成的危害是很大的.为此,国内外对治理重金属废水做了大量的研究工作.到目前为止,已经提出了许多种对重金属废水处理的方法和技术,如:沉淀法、铁氧体法、浮选法、隔膜电解法以及反渗透、电渗析和离子交换法等.这些方法虽然各有其优点,但也都程度不同地存在一些缺点。