The controllable preparation of electrospun carbon fibers supported Pd nanoparticles catalyst and its application in Suzuki and Heck reactions

The palladium nanoparticles/carbon nanofibers（Pd NPs/CNFs） catalyst was prepared by the electrospinning method, the hydrazine hydrate solution reduction in an ice bath environment, the high temperature carbonization. The catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, fieldemission scanning electron microscope（FE-SEM）, and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）. The nanofibers are not cross-linked and arranged in order. The surface of Pd NPs/CNFs is smooth, and it can be observed that a large number of particles were loaded and well-dispersed in carbon fiber matrix, and the particle distribution is uniform. The activity center of catalyst is Pd^（0）. The Pd NPs/CNFs exhibited a high efficiency, good reusability and stability in the Suzuki and Heck reactions. It can be used for at least five consecutive runs without significant loss of its catalytic activity. The good recyclability of Pd NPs/CNFs provides a way to greatly reduce the cost of the catalyst.

静电纺丝基碳纤维载纳米钯催化剂的制备及应用

采用静电纺丝、化学还原及高温碳化方法制备了碳纳米纤维螯合钯纳米粒子复合催化剂。实验详细考察了三种还原剂(硼氢化钠、水合肼、氢气)在催化剂制备过程中对钯纳米粒子及碳纤维形貌的影响。通过固体紫外、X射线粉末衍射、红外、扫描电镜、场发射透射电镜等测试方法对已制备的一系列催化剂进行表征。结果表明选择氢气为还原剂时,碳纤维上获得了7 nm左右、粒子分布均匀的钯纳米粒子,催化剂相对柔韧,继而将此催化剂应用于Heck偶联反应测试其催化及循环利用特性。催化结果证实此方法制备的催化剂具有优异的稳定性、底物耐受性、可回收性。