对于腹膜透析(peritoneal dialysis,PD)(简称腹透)患者的难治性腹膜炎,国际腹膜透析协会(International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis,ISPD)腹膜炎诊治指南建议早期拔管,期间给予血液透析(简称血透)过渡,而何时进行腹透管重置目前...对于腹膜透析(peritoneal dialysis,PD)(简称腹透)患者的难治性腹膜炎,国际腹膜透析协会(International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis,ISPD)腹膜炎诊治指南建议早期拔管,期间给予血液透析(简称血透)过渡,而何时进行腹透管重置目前尚缺乏明确的循证医学证据。本文报道1例PD患者拔管与置管同时进行成功治疗复发性合并难治性腹膜炎,避免血透过渡时新建血管通路以及血透相关风险,结合其诊治过程,加深对复发性及难治性腹膜炎的认识,为PD相关腹膜炎的预防和治疗提供可借鉴的经验。展开更多
The influence of 0.1-0.6 at.-%RE additions (RE= La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Er, Yb) on the mechanical properties of Pd was studied. All above RE additions increased not only the strength properties at ambient ...The influence of 0.1-0.6 at.-%RE additions (RE= La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Er, Yb) on the mechanical properties of Pd was studied. All above RE additions increased not only the strength properties at ambient temperature but also the tensile strength, creep rupture time and activation en- ergy at high temperatures, simultaneously increased the elongation of Pd. In the range of dilute con- centration, the strength properties of Pd-RE alloy enhanced linearly with RE concentration. When the strength properties of Pd-RE alloys were normalized at 0.1 at.-%RE, it was found that light RE elements had stronger effect on the properties of Pd than heavy RE, whereas Eu, Yb, Ce had anoma- lous effect. In all Pd-RF alloys, Pd-Eu alloy had the highest strength properties, successively Pd-Yb and Pd-Ce alloy. The effect mechanisms of RE in alloy, such as purifying impurities, increasing recrystallization temperature, refining grain size. expanding crystal lattice, increasing dislocation den- sity and decreasing stacking fault energy, forming stable RE oxidation by internal oxidation, and so on, were observed. They were strengthening sensitive factors. The influence of the factors on strength properties and elongation of Pd was discussed.展开更多
文摘对于腹膜透析(peritoneal dialysis,PD)(简称腹透)患者的难治性腹膜炎,国际腹膜透析协会(International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis,ISPD)腹膜炎诊治指南建议早期拔管,期间给予血液透析(简称血透)过渡,而何时进行腹透管重置目前尚缺乏明确的循证医学证据。本文报道1例PD患者拔管与置管同时进行成功治疗复发性合并难治性腹膜炎,避免血透过渡时新建血管通路以及血透相关风险,结合其诊治过程,加深对复发性及难治性腹膜炎的认识,为PD相关腹膜炎的预防和治疗提供可借鉴的经验。
文摘The influence of 0.1-0.6 at.-%RE additions (RE= La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Er, Yb) on the mechanical properties of Pd was studied. All above RE additions increased not only the strength properties at ambient temperature but also the tensile strength, creep rupture time and activation en- ergy at high temperatures, simultaneously increased the elongation of Pd. In the range of dilute con- centration, the strength properties of Pd-RE alloy enhanced linearly with RE concentration. When the strength properties of Pd-RE alloys were normalized at 0.1 at.-%RE, it was found that light RE elements had stronger effect on the properties of Pd than heavy RE, whereas Eu, Yb, Ce had anoma- lous effect. In all Pd-RF alloys, Pd-Eu alloy had the highest strength properties, successively Pd-Yb and Pd-Ce alloy. The effect mechanisms of RE in alloy, such as purifying impurities, increasing recrystallization temperature, refining grain size. expanding crystal lattice, increasing dislocation den- sity and decreasing stacking fault energy, forming stable RE oxidation by internal oxidation, and so on, were observed. They were strengthening sensitive factors. The influence of the factors on strength properties and elongation of Pd was discussed.
