Non-Deterministic Liveness-Enforcing Supervisor Tolerant to Sensor-Reading Modification Attacks

In this paper, we study the supervisory control problem of discrete event systems assuming that cyber-attacks might occur. In particular, we focus on the problem of liveness enforcement and consider a sensor-reading modification attack(SM-attack) that may disguise the occurrence of an event as that of another event by intruding sensor communication channels. To solve the problem, we introduce non-deterministic supervisors in the paper, which associate to every observed sequence a set of possible control actions offline and choose a control action from the set randomly online to control the system. Specifically, given a bounded Petri net(PN) as the reference formalism and an SMattack, an algorithm that synthesizes a liveness-enforcing nondeterministic supervisor tolerant to the SM-attack is proposed for the first time.

The Impact of Supervisory Career Support on Employees’Well-Being:A Dual Path Model of Opportunity and Ability

Background:In the pursuit of fostering employees’well-being,leaders are recognized as playing a vital role.However,so far,most of the existing research has focused on leadership behavior and the superficial interaction between leaders and members but has unexpectedly ignored the specific supporting role of supervisors in the career development of employees,that is,supervisory career support.Additionally,the internal mechanism of how career support from supervisors is related to and promotes employees’wellbeing is still unclear.Based on social cognitive career theory(SCCT),this study aimed to explore whether,how,and when supervisory career support affects employee well-being by introducing the two paths of‘career prospect’and‘career confidence.’Methods:During July 2023,this study employed a cross-sectional design.We gathered participants from corporate situated in Southern China.Results:Results based on a large sample of 14,533 employees showed that supervisory career support was positively related to employees’well-being through the dual path of career prospects(opportunity)and career confidence(ability).Employees high in proactive personality experienced the above positive effects most.Conclusion:This study provides meaningful implications for managers to implement personalized support strategies to improve employees’well-being.

Optimal deadlock avoidance Petri net supervisors for automated manufacturing systems

Deadlock avoidance problems are investigated for automated manufacturing systems with flexible routings. Based on the Petri net models of the systems, this paper proposes, for the first time, the concept of perfect maximal resourcetransition circuits and their saturated states. The concept facilitates the development of system liveness characterization and deadlock avoidance Petri net supervisors. Deadlock is characterized as some perfect maximal resource-transition circuits reaching their saturated states. For a large class of manufacturing systems, which do not contain center resources, the optimal deadlock avoidance Petri net supervisors are presented. For a general manufacturing system, a method is proposed for reducing the system Petri net model so that the reduced model does not contain center resources and, hence, has optimal deadlock avoidance Petri net supervisor. The controlled reduced Petri net model can then be used as the liveness supervisor of the system.

Synthesis of Petri net supervisors enforcing general constraints

This paper deals with the synthesis of Petri net supervisor enforcing the more expressive constraints including marking terms, firing vector terms and Parikh vector terms. The method is developed to handle uncontrollable and unobservable transitions existing in the constraints. The “greater-than or equal” general constraints can also be transformed into “less-than or equal” Parikh constraints. An example is analyzed to show how the problem is solved. General constraint is first transformed into Parikh vector constraints, and Matrix-Transformation is proposed to obtain the admissible constraints without uncontrollable and unobservable transitions. Then the supervisor can be constructed based on constraints only consisting of Parikh vector terms. The method is proved to be more concise and effective than the method presented by Iordache and Moody especially when applied to large scale systems.

Deadlock-free Supervisor Design for Robotic Manufacturing Cells With Uncontrollable and Unobservable Events

In this paper,a deadlock prevention policy for robotic manufacturing cells with uncontrollable and unobservable events is proposed based on a Petri net formalism.First,a Petri net for the deadlock control of such systems is defined.Its admissible markings and first-met inadmissible markings(FIMs)are introduced.Next,place invariants are designed via an integer linear program(ILP)to survive all admissible markings and prohibit all FIMs,keeping the underlying system from reaching deadlocks,livelocks,bad markings,and the markings that may evolve into them by firing uncontrollable transitions.ILP also ensures that the obtained deadlock-free supervisor does not observe any unobservable transition.In addition,the supervisor is guaranteed to be admissible and structurally minimal in terms of both control places and added arcs.The condition under which the supervisor is maximally permissive in behavior is given.Finally,experimental results with the proposed method and existing ones are given to show its effectiveness.

Reliable Train Network with Active Supervisor

In this paper, a new reliable hierarchical model is suggested for a two-wagon train Networked Control System. Each wagon has a Controller that carries the control load and an Entertainment server that handles the entertainment. A supervisory controller runs on top of the two controllers and the two entertainment servers. Contrary to a similar model in the literature, the Supervisory node replaces a Controller as soon as it fails (Active Supervisor). All system states are analyzed and simulated using OPNET. It is shown that, for all states, this architecture has zero control packets dropped and the end-to-end delay is below the maximum target delay. A comparison between this Active model and the other model in the literature is presented. It is found that the entertainment in this new architecture is kept available for the passengers in more of the system states when compared to the architecture previously presented in the literature.

The Design of Supervisory Institutions in the Ming Dynasty and Its Enlightenment to Modern Society

The supervisory system and the examination system are two indigenous political systems of China,and the former has a longer history than the latter when it comes to the origin.Having inherited the essence of the supervisory system since the Qin Dynasty,the supervisory rules in the Ming Dynasty opened a new chapter of legal thoughts of monitoring.This paper started with the design of the supervisory institutions in the Ming Dynasty recorded in the historical materials such as the Memoir of Ming Dynasty and The Interpretive Supplements to"The Great Learning",to get a glimpse of the main content of the legal thoughts of supervisory at that time,and tried to"take history as a mirror"to provide insights and lessons of the legal thoughts of supervisory in the Ming Dynasty for the later generations.

Perfection solutions of supervisory audit in Chinese listed companies

Operational mechanism of supervisory audit in Chinese listed companies is not ideal, the supervisory effect of the listed company rely on features of supervisors＇ board and member of the supervisors＇ board. Based on the comparison of supervisory audit in Britain, Germany, France and Japan, and the empirical research on 100 listed companies in a share market, the paper analyses supervisory audit in Chinese listed companies, and proposes some perfection solutions to strengthen supervisory audit.

Cognitive Supervisor for an Autonomous Swarm of Robots

As a sequel to our recent work [1], in which a control framework was developed for large-scale joint swarms of unmanned ground (UGV) and aerial (UAV) vehicles, the present paper proposes cognitive and meta-cognitive supervisor models for this kind of distributed robotic system. The cognitive supervisor model is a formalization of the recently Nobel-awarded research in brain science on mammalian and human path integration and navigation, performed by the hippocampus. This is formalized here as an adaptive Hamiltonian path integral, and efficiently simulated for implementation on robotic vehicles as a pair of coupled nonlinear Schr?dinger equations. The meta-cognitive supervisor model is a modal logic of actions and plans that hinges on a weak causality relation that specifies when atoms may change their values without specifying that they must change. This relatively simple logic is decidable yet sufficiently expressive to support the level of inference needed in our application. The atoms and action primitives of the logic framework also provide a straight-forward way of connecting the meta-cognitive supervisor with the cognitive supervisor, with other modules, and to the meta-cognitive supervisors of other robotic platforms in the swarm.

A Study on"Fengqiao Experience"from the Perspective of People's Livelihood

The"Fengqiao Experience"has risen from the"local experience"in the early days to the"national experience"now.Although it has gone through twists and turns,it is full of exuberant and strong vitality.Fengqiao Experience is the experience of grass-roots mass governance based on people's livelihood and other factors,so this paper studies the challenges faced by the application of"Fengqiao Experience"and the internal relationship between the experience and people's livelihood from the perspective of people's livelihood and summarizes the realization path of carrying forward the"Fengqiao Experience"from the perspective of people's livelihood.Strengthening the construction of grass-roots Party organizations,taking the mass line and implementing autonomy,rule by virtue and rule by law are the ways to carry forward the"Fengqiao Experience"in the new era,which has certain guiding significance for reality.

The role of trust in supervisor in participative budgeting systems

This study examined the relationship between budget participation and managerial performance as mediated by trust in supervisor and explored the moderating role of budget-goal difficulty on budget participation, trust in supervisor, and managerial performance. One-hundred-fifty-eight useful responses were drawn at random from subordinate managers of manufacturing companies listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange. The mediating effect of trust in supervisor was examined by path analysis. Subgroup analysis was used to examine the contingency effect of budget-goal difficulty on the mediating role of trust in supervisor between budget participation and performance. The findings support our hypotheses and demonstrate the mediating effect of trust in supervisor and the moderating effect of budget-goal difficulty.

The Effect of Customer Verbal Aggression on Burnout in Frontline Employees in Hotels and Travel Agencies: The Moderating Role of Perceived Supervisor Support

This study aimed to assess the effect of customer verbal aggression(CVA)on job burnout(JB)in frontline employee in both hotels and travel agencies,trying to reveal if there is a difference between both sectors in this context.The study additionally tested the moderation role of perceived supervisor support(PSS)in the relation between customer verbal aggression and burnout in hotels and travel agencies.Two versions of the questionnaire were distributed online.The first among hotels employees and the second was addressed to travel agencies employees;613 were retrieved and analyzed using the version of Spss 23.0.The results showed a significant difference among the level of customer verbal aggression,job burnout,and perceived supervisor support in hotels and travel agencies.Although there was a significant relation between customer verbal aggression and job burnout among frontline employees in both settings,this relationship was moderated by PSS in hotels but not in travel agencies.Eventually,the study concludes with recommendations and practical managerial implications in this regard and it can be considered as a first step for helping practitioners to efficiently manage such a phenomenon.

Public Building Supervisors＇ Assessment of Site Progress Record Keeping Practices in Abuja, Nigeria

The importance of good site progress records in quality assurance; tracking project progress; preparing, analyzing and resolving claims; and placing responsibilities in the event of dispute in building contracts is widely recognized. This study engaged Public Building Supervisors in the assessment of site progress record keeping practices in Abuja. A simple structured questionnaire （which mainly assessed the nature and importance of records kept, reasons for keeping them; level of satisfaction with the current approach, challenges and practical ways of improving the practice） was administrated to a hundred of the supervisors, out of which seventy one was properly completed and returned. The results show that all five site progress documents （minutes of progress meetings, day-work sheets, photographs, weekly site records and personal site diaries） found in literature, are in use in Abuja, and have at least a high importance rating （i.e., relative importance index, 0.6 〈 RII 〈 0.8）. Prominent among the reasons for keeping the records are： control of ongoing work （R11 = 0.83） data for estimating future works and terms of contract requirement （each with RII = 0.823）. Though the present record keeping practices were largely assessed satisfactory, 95% of the Supervisors still yearned for improvement. The challenges to the current practice are consistent with those identified in literature and are： continuity consistency, legibility and accountability; in descending order of frequency of occurrence. Computerization, regular inspection of progress documents by assigned supervisors and in-house training of site staff are recommended for improving the record keeping practices.

上下级工作与私人关系对员工越轨创新行为的差异性研究

在整合人情-面子理论和资源保存理论的基础上,通过Bootstrapping和RWA-Web两种方法对7家企业的257份多时点追踪调查数据进行分析,比较领导-成员交换关系和上下级私人关系影响员工越轨创新行为的直接效应和中介效应的差异。研究结果表明:领导-成员交换关系正向影响员工越轨创新行为;心理资本分别在领导-成员交换关系或上下级私人关系与员工越轨创新行为间发挥部分或完全中介作用;两类关系对员工越轨创新行为的积极影响存在差异,领导-成员交换关系的效应更强。

工作不安全感如何影响工作-生活平衡?——一个被调节的链式中介模型

基于资源保存理论,考察工作不安全感对工作-生活平衡的影响机制。对346名企业员工进行两阶段纵向追踪调查,结果表明:(1)工作不安全感对工作-生活平衡有直接负向影响;(2)工作认知失败和消极工作反刍在工作不安全感对工作-生活平衡的负面影响间起到中介作用以及链式中介作用;(3)主管支持感强化工作认知失败与消极工作反刍之间的关系从而调节以上链式中介。研究结果有助于为改善由工作不安全感引发的工作和生活失衡提供启发和对策。

Research on the Influence of Early Experience on the Growth Rate of Science and Engineering Graduate Supervisors

This research is based on three northeastern double first-class polytechnic universities.A total of 1628 science and engineering graduate supervisors?resumes were referred to from an official website by the random sampling method,of which only 500 supervisors were included in consideration of complete information,key events,and time in terms of the educational background(undergraduate school,graduate school,doctoral school,number of masters,number for Dr.),early work background(number of postdocs,number of overseas visits,numbers of research work),and the growth rate(period from graduation to associate professor title).The higher education background and early work background were defined as early experience,and the database of these 500 science and engineering graduate supervisors with complete resume information from three double first-class universities in northeastern China was established.In this study,the growth rate of the growth period was divided into two at the critical period:the growth rate of the graduate supervisor to associate professors.Through stepwise multiple regression analysis,it was found that higher education background(undergraduate schools,graduate schools,doctoral schools,as well as the number of master's and doctorate degrees)as well as early work background(number of postdoctoral work,research work,and overseas visits)have a significant impact on the growth rate of graduate supervisors to associate professors.

导师“立德树人”育人能力的提升策略与评价机制

当前国际环境纷繁复杂,国内发展面临新挑战,经济下行压力进一步加大,牢牢把握研究生教育的政治方向,对推动科技创新、促进社会发展具有关键作用。为此,根据研究生招生规模与研究生教育质量之间的不协调,提出导师育人能力的提升途径和方法。通过明确导师育人为本、德育为先的重要性,从治身、治学、育心、育才四个方面建立合理的研究生导师评价体系。导师育人能力是提升研究生培养质量的关键,导师评价体系则是促进导师育人能力的保障,两者相辅相成,为发挥研究生导师“立德树人”第一责任人的作用在培养模式和制度举措方面提供理论指导。

护理硕士专业学位研究生双导师制管理方案的构建

为建立护理硕士专业学位双导师制管理方案,对42名教育专家、临床护理专家、研究生导师进行两轮德尔菲专家咨询,最终确立一、二级指标。两轮德尔菲专家咨询的专家积极系数分别为100%(n=42)和90%(n=38),专家权威系数为0.965(>0.70),重要性赋值均数>3.5,第二轮问卷函询所有指标的变异系数为0.11~0.24(<0.25)。最终双导师制管理方案分为5个一级指标、34个二级指标。构建的指标代表性和可信度较高,可为护理硕士专业学位双导师制管理提供标准。

提振士气还是制造焦虑?数字化转型对员工敬业度的双刃剑效应

文章从资源保存理论出发,构筑数字化转型对员工敬业度的影响模型,分析工作成就动机、工作不安全感的中介作用和上级发展性反馈的调节作用。通过对417份企业微观调研数据进行多元线性回归分析与Bootstrap检验发现:第一,数字化转型可以激活工作成就动机,从而提升员工敬业度;第二,数字化转型亦会诱发工作不安全感,从而降低员工敬业度;第三,上级发展性反馈强化了数字化转型与工作成就动机之间的关系,弱化了数字化转型与工作不安全感之间的关系;第四,上级发展性反馈强化了数字化转型通过工作成就动机影响员工敬业度的间接路径,弱化了数字化转型通过工作不安全感影响员工敬业度的间接路径。研究结论揭示了数字化转型对员工情感的双刃剑效应,有助于企业员工的敬业度管理,并为数字化转型战略提供了有益的启示。

论博士研究生教育中导师组机制与导师转换制的实施

近年来,随着博士研究生规模的不断扩大,博士研究生培养质量遇到挑战,一些问题便突显出来,如博士生延期毕业率逐年攀升。在博士研究生培养过程中,学校、学院与导师形成培养共同体,其中导师应是博士研究生培养的第一责任人与具体培养政策执行人。基于博士研究生培养的现状,目前很多实施单一导师制,形成导师与研究生之间的导学共同体,该文通过研究发现师生初始互选的信息错位从而引起导师与学生产生矛盾。为解决这一问题,该文提出以两位及以上导师组成导师组,有利于更加科学地培养具有复合特性的博士生人才,也有利于将导师对博士生第一责任进行分置,减轻导师责任;最后但同样重要的是,实施导师转换制用以解决导师组也无法克服的导学矛盾,以避免引发学校、学院、导师与学生之间产生更严重的矛盾,避免可控的导学问题演化为不可控的恶性纠纷,给学校乃至社会造成恶劣影响。