Objectives: To examine the cross-sectional associations of the separate subscales of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and tests measuring cognitive domains in older adults. Methods: 897 adults over the age of 70 free ...Objectives: To examine the cross-sectional associations of the separate subscales of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and tests measuring cognitive domains in older adults. Methods: 897 adults over the age of 70 free of amnestic mild cognitive impairment and dementia and enrolled in the Einstein Aging Study made up the study sample. The PSS-14 was used to measure stress. Three cognitive domains (language, episodic memory, and frontal-executive) had previously been found using principle component analysis. Linear regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between the PSS subscales and cognitive domain function. Results: The study sample had a mean age of 79.1 years and 62.8% were female. Bivariate correlations show that the PSS-14 positively worded subscale of the PSS (PSS-PW) was significantly associated with all three cognitive domains (language: r = -0.15, p < 0.001;episodic memory: r = -0.16, p < 0.001;frontal-executive: r = -0.21, p <0.001) while the negatively worded subscale of the PSS (PSS-NW) was not significantly associated with any cognitive domain. In linear regression analyses adjusted for age, white race, gender, years of education, and depressive symptoms, the PSS-PW remained significantly associated with each of the cognitive domains. The PSS-NW was not associated with any cognitive domains in any model. The PSS-14 was significantly associated with language and episodic memory, but not the frontal-executive domain. Conclusion: Worse PSS-PW scores are associated with reduced cognitive function in the executive, memory, and language domains in nondemented older adults. The PSS-PW subscale correlated better with cognitive function than the overall PSS-14. Future research should evaluate the temporality of the association and if stress reduction therapies improve cognitive performance.展开更多
目的:开发头颈癌患者自我感知歧视量表(head and neck cancer self-perceived discrimination scale,HNCSPDS),检验其信效度及适用性,并分析患者自我感知歧视与生活质量的相关性。方法:采用经典测量理论,选取326例头颈癌患者开发HNCSPDS...目的:开发头颈癌患者自我感知歧视量表(head and neck cancer self-perceived discrimination scale,HNCSPDS),检验其信效度及适用性,并分析患者自我感知歧视与生活质量的相关性。方法:采用经典测量理论,选取326例头颈癌患者开发HNCSPDS;Delphi专家咨询和条目分析用来提升HNCSPDS的内容效度;采用因子分析(factor analysis,FA)和结构方程模型(structural equation modeling,SEM)检验HNCSPDS的结构效度,采用Cronbach's alpha系数、Spearman-Brown系数和组内相关系数(intra-class correlation coefficient,ICC)检验HNCSPDS的内部一致性和重测可靠性;采用多元逐步线性回归分析患者自我感知歧视的危险因素,采用Pearson相关系数分析自我感知歧视与生活质量的相关性。结果:HNCSPDS共14个条目,包括3个维度(形象污名、社交隔离和自我贬低),具有良好的效度(χ^(2)/df=2.311,RMSEA=0.064,GFI=0.937,AGFI=0.904,CFI=0.972,NFI=0.957,IFI=0.972,TLI=0.963)、信度(Cronbach'sα系数为0.957,分半信度为0.967,重测信度为0.878)和适用性[平均完成时间(14.33±2.315)min和93.14%的有效完成率]。经济负担和性别是患者自我感知歧视的独立危险因素(P<0.01),自我感知歧视与生活质量呈负相关。结论:头颈癌患者普遍存在较强的自我感知歧视,HNCSPDS在自我感知歧视测量中信效度良好,为将来预防和缓解患者自我感知歧视心理,提高患者身心健康和生活质量提供科学有效的评估工具。展开更多
目的修订甲状腺癌歧视感量表(Thyroid Cancer Self-perceived Discrimination Scale,TCSPDS)以适用于头颈癌患者,检验其信效度及适用性,并分析歧视感与生活质量的相关性。方法采用经典测量理论对TCSPDS条目进行修订和补充,形成头颈癌歧...目的修订甲状腺癌歧视感量表(Thyroid Cancer Self-perceived Discrimination Scale,TCSPDS)以适用于头颈癌患者,检验其信效度及适用性,并分析歧视感与生活质量的相关性。方法采用经典测量理论对TCSPDS条目进行修订和补充,形成头颈癌歧视感量表(Head and Neck Cancer Self-perceived Discrimination Scale,HNCSPDS)。选取头颈癌患者进行问卷调查,检验HNCSPDS的信效度及适用性,并分析歧视感的影响因素及其与生活质量的相关性。结果共回收311份有效问卷。HNCSPDS共13个条目,包括污名化(6个条目)、自我否定(5个条目)及社交回避(2个条目)3个分量表。量表具有良好的效度(χ^(2)/df=2.660,RMSEA=0.073,GFI=0.927,CFI=0.972,NFI=0.957,IFI=0.972,TLI=0.963)、信度(Cronbach'sα系数为0.955,折半信度为0.967,重测信度为0.845)和适用性[问卷平均完成时间(14.14±2.18)min和91.5%的有效应答率]。性别和经济负担是患者歧视感的独立影响因素,患者歧视感与生活质量呈负相关。结论头颈癌患者普遍存在较强的歧视感,HNCSPDS在评价头颈癌患者歧视感中信效度良好,可作为未来开展健康宣教、医疗咨询和心理支持的有效评价工具,进一步提高患者身心健康和生活质量。展开更多
BACKGROUND Occult breast cancer(OBC)has traditionally been considered to be a carcinoma of unknown primary origin with a favorable prognosis and can be treated as stage II-III breast cancer.Due to the small number of ...BACKGROUND Occult breast cancer(OBC)has traditionally been considered to be a carcinoma of unknown primary origin with a favorable prognosis and can be treated as stage II-III breast cancer.Due to the small number of cases and limited clinical experience,treatments vary greatly around the world and no standardized treatment has yet been established.AIM To investigate the clinicopathological features,psychological status and prognostic features of patients with OBC.METHODS The clinicopathological data of 33 OBC patients diagnosed and treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Xuzhou Central Hospital from November 2015 to November 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The psychological status of OBC patients was evaluated by the Self-rating Anxiety Scale and Self-rating Depression Scale.Patients’emotions,stress perception and psychological resilience were evaluated by the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule,the Chinese Perceived Stress Scale,and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC),respectively.Patient survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method,and survival curves were plotted for analysis with the log-rank test.Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were performed using the Cox regression model.RESULTS The 33 OBC patients included 32 females and 1 male.Of the 33 patients,30(91%)had axillary tumors,3(9%)had a neck mass as the primary symptom;18(54.5%)had estrogen receptor-positive tumors,17(51.5%)had progesterone receptor-positive tumors,and 18(54.5%)had Her-2-positive tumors;24(72.7%)received surgical treatment,including 18 patients who underwent modified radical mastectomy,1 patient who underwent breast-conserving surgery plus axillary lymph node dissection(ALND),and 5 patients who underwent ALND alone;12 patients received preoperative neoadjuvant therapy.All 30 patients developed anxiety and depression,with low positive affect scores and high negative affect scores,accompanied by a high stress level and poor psychological resilience.There were no differences in the psychological status of patients according to age,body mass index,or menopausal status.The overall survival and disease-free survival(DFS)of all the patients were 83.3%and 55.7%,respectively.Univariate analysis demonstrated that the initial tumor site(P=0.021)and node stage(P=0.020)were factors that may affect patient prognosis.The 5-year DFS rate of OBC patients who received radiotherapy was greater(P<0.001),while the use of different surgical methods(P=0.687)had no statistically significant effect on patient outcomes.Multivariate analysis revealed that radiotherapy(P=0.031)was an independent prognostic factor.Receiving radiotherapy had a significant effect on the CD-RISC score(P=0.02).CONCLUSION OBC is a rare breast disease whose diagnosis and treatment are currently controversial.There was no significant difference in the efficacy of other less invasive surgical procedures compared to those of modified radical mastectomy.In addition,radiotherapy can significantly improve patient outcomes.We should pay attention to the psychological state of patients while they receive antitumor therapy.展开更多
Background:The validity and reliability of the Borg 6–20 rating of perceived exertion(RPE)scale has not been tested among Chinese people from China' Mainland.The purpose of this study was to test:1)The validity o...Background:The validity and reliability of the Borg 6–20 rating of perceived exertion(RPE)scale has not been tested among Chinese people from China' Mainland.The purpose of this study was to test:1)The validity of Leung Chinese version and Wang Chinese version of the Borg 6–20 RPE scale;2)The reliability of Wang Chinese version RPE scale;and 3)The agreement of these two Chinese versions of the RPE scale among young healthy adults from China' Mainland.Methods:A total of 26 subjects(11 males,15 females;age 22.7±3.0 yrs)volunteered to participate.They performed one(n=3),two(n=14),or three trials(n=9)of the Bruce treadmill protocol test within 9.0±5.1 days(validation trials),and 30.4±27.9 days(reliability trials).Power output,heart rate,oxygen consumption,and RPE were recorded.Results:RPE was significantly correlated with power output(Leung version rs≥0.75,Wang version rs≥0.73),heart rate(HR)(Leung version rs≥0.84,Wang version rs≥0.87),and oxygen consumption(VO2)(Leung version rs≥0.80,Wang version rs≥0.81)(all p<0.01).The overall test-retest interclass correlation was 0.94(p<0.01).No significant differences in correlations(RPE against power output,HR and VO_(2))between trials existed for the reliability tests of Wang version scale.No significant differences in correlations(RPE against power output,HR and VO_(2))between the two Chinese versions of RPE scale existed.Conclusion:Both Chinese RPE scales are valid among young healthy Chinese mandarin speaking adults.The Wang scale is reliable,and the Leung and Wang scales show superior agreement with each other.展开更多
文摘Objectives: To examine the cross-sectional associations of the separate subscales of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and tests measuring cognitive domains in older adults. Methods: 897 adults over the age of 70 free of amnestic mild cognitive impairment and dementia and enrolled in the Einstein Aging Study made up the study sample. The PSS-14 was used to measure stress. Three cognitive domains (language, episodic memory, and frontal-executive) had previously been found using principle component analysis. Linear regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between the PSS subscales and cognitive domain function. Results: The study sample had a mean age of 79.1 years and 62.8% were female. Bivariate correlations show that the PSS-14 positively worded subscale of the PSS (PSS-PW) was significantly associated with all three cognitive domains (language: r = -0.15, p < 0.001;episodic memory: r = -0.16, p < 0.001;frontal-executive: r = -0.21, p <0.001) while the negatively worded subscale of the PSS (PSS-NW) was not significantly associated with any cognitive domain. In linear regression analyses adjusted for age, white race, gender, years of education, and depressive symptoms, the PSS-PW remained significantly associated with each of the cognitive domains. The PSS-NW was not associated with any cognitive domains in any model. The PSS-14 was significantly associated with language and episodic memory, but not the frontal-executive domain. Conclusion: Worse PSS-PW scores are associated with reduced cognitive function in the executive, memory, and language domains in nondemented older adults. The PSS-PW subscale correlated better with cognitive function than the overall PSS-14. Future research should evaluate the temporality of the association and if stress reduction therapies improve cognitive performance.
文摘目的修订甲状腺癌歧视感量表(Thyroid Cancer Self-perceived Discrimination Scale,TCSPDS)以适用于头颈癌患者,检验其信效度及适用性,并分析歧视感与生活质量的相关性。方法采用经典测量理论对TCSPDS条目进行修订和补充,形成头颈癌歧视感量表(Head and Neck Cancer Self-perceived Discrimination Scale,HNCSPDS)。选取头颈癌患者进行问卷调查,检验HNCSPDS的信效度及适用性,并分析歧视感的影响因素及其与生活质量的相关性。结果共回收311份有效问卷。HNCSPDS共13个条目,包括污名化(6个条目)、自我否定(5个条目)及社交回避(2个条目)3个分量表。量表具有良好的效度(χ^(2)/df=2.660,RMSEA=0.073,GFI=0.927,CFI=0.972,NFI=0.957,IFI=0.972,TLI=0.963)、信度(Cronbach'sα系数为0.955,折半信度为0.967,重测信度为0.845)和适用性[问卷平均完成时间(14.14±2.18)min和91.5%的有效应答率]。性别和经济负担是患者歧视感的独立影响因素,患者歧视感与生活质量呈负相关。结论头颈癌患者普遍存在较强的歧视感,HNCSPDS在评价头颈癌患者歧视感中信效度良好,可作为未来开展健康宣教、医疗咨询和心理支持的有效评价工具,进一步提高患者身心健康和生活质量。
基金Supported by Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission’s 2020 High-Level Health Talents“Six Ones Project”Top-Notch Talent Research Project,No.LGY20200062021 Youth Medical Science Innovation Project of Xuzhou Health Commission,No.XWKYHT20210580.
文摘BACKGROUND Occult breast cancer(OBC)has traditionally been considered to be a carcinoma of unknown primary origin with a favorable prognosis and can be treated as stage II-III breast cancer.Due to the small number of cases and limited clinical experience,treatments vary greatly around the world and no standardized treatment has yet been established.AIM To investigate the clinicopathological features,psychological status and prognostic features of patients with OBC.METHODS The clinicopathological data of 33 OBC patients diagnosed and treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Xuzhou Central Hospital from November 2015 to November 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The psychological status of OBC patients was evaluated by the Self-rating Anxiety Scale and Self-rating Depression Scale.Patients’emotions,stress perception and psychological resilience were evaluated by the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule,the Chinese Perceived Stress Scale,and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC),respectively.Patient survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method,and survival curves were plotted for analysis with the log-rank test.Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were performed using the Cox regression model.RESULTS The 33 OBC patients included 32 females and 1 male.Of the 33 patients,30(91%)had axillary tumors,3(9%)had a neck mass as the primary symptom;18(54.5%)had estrogen receptor-positive tumors,17(51.5%)had progesterone receptor-positive tumors,and 18(54.5%)had Her-2-positive tumors;24(72.7%)received surgical treatment,including 18 patients who underwent modified radical mastectomy,1 patient who underwent breast-conserving surgery plus axillary lymph node dissection(ALND),and 5 patients who underwent ALND alone;12 patients received preoperative neoadjuvant therapy.All 30 patients developed anxiety and depression,with low positive affect scores and high negative affect scores,accompanied by a high stress level and poor psychological resilience.There were no differences in the psychological status of patients according to age,body mass index,or menopausal status.The overall survival and disease-free survival(DFS)of all the patients were 83.3%and 55.7%,respectively.Univariate analysis demonstrated that the initial tumor site(P=0.021)and node stage(P=0.020)were factors that may affect patient prognosis.The 5-year DFS rate of OBC patients who received radiotherapy was greater(P<0.001),while the use of different surgical methods(P=0.687)had no statistically significant effect on patient outcomes.Multivariate analysis revealed that radiotherapy(P=0.031)was an independent prognostic factor.Receiving radiotherapy had a significant effect on the CD-RISC score(P=0.02).CONCLUSION OBC is a rare breast disease whose diagnosis and treatment are currently controversial.There was no significant difference in the efficacy of other less invasive surgical procedures compared to those of modified radical mastectomy.In addition,radiotherapy can significantly improve patient outcomes.We should pay attention to the psychological state of patients while they receive antitumor therapy.
文摘Background:The validity and reliability of the Borg 6–20 rating of perceived exertion(RPE)scale has not been tested among Chinese people from China' Mainland.The purpose of this study was to test:1)The validity of Leung Chinese version and Wang Chinese version of the Borg 6–20 RPE scale;2)The reliability of Wang Chinese version RPE scale;and 3)The agreement of these two Chinese versions of the RPE scale among young healthy adults from China' Mainland.Methods:A total of 26 subjects(11 males,15 females;age 22.7±3.0 yrs)volunteered to participate.They performed one(n=3),two(n=14),or three trials(n=9)of the Bruce treadmill protocol test within 9.0±5.1 days(validation trials),and 30.4±27.9 days(reliability trials).Power output,heart rate,oxygen consumption,and RPE were recorded.Results:RPE was significantly correlated with power output(Leung version rs≥0.75,Wang version rs≥0.73),heart rate(HR)(Leung version rs≥0.84,Wang version rs≥0.87),and oxygen consumption(VO2)(Leung version rs≥0.80,Wang version rs≥0.81)(all p<0.01).The overall test-retest interclass correlation was 0.94(p<0.01).No significant differences in correlations(RPE against power output,HR and VO_(2))between trials existed for the reliability tests of Wang version scale.No significant differences in correlations(RPE against power output,HR and VO_(2))between the two Chinese versions of RPE scale existed.Conclusion:Both Chinese RPE scales are valid among young healthy Chinese mandarin speaking adults.The Wang scale is reliable,and the Leung and Wang scales show superior agreement with each other.