Objective To assess the obesity prevalence in body mass index （BMI） and body fat percentage Saudi adults according to the international standards of （BF%）. Methods Five hundred and thirty healthy Saudi adults aged...Objective To assess the obesity prevalence in body mass index （BMI） and body fat percentage Saudi adults according to the international standards of （BF%）. Methods Five hundred and thirty healthy Saudi adults aged 18-72 years （mean 36.91＋15.22 years） were enrolled in this study. Their body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impendence analysis with a commercially available body composition analyzer. Standard BMI and BF% values were used to define obesity. Results The prevalence of underweight, normal underweight, overweight and obesity in Saudi adults according to the BMI criteria （〈18.5 kg/mz, 18.5-24.4 kg/m2, 25-29.9 kg/m2, 30 k＆/m2 and above, respectively） was 2.5%, 30.2%, 33.6%, and 33.8%, respectively, whereas the obesity prevalence was 60% （n=31g） in Saudi adults according to the BF% criteria （25% for males and 30% for females）, which was significantly higher than that according to BMI criteria. However, it was 50.6% （n=268） when the BMI cutoff point was 27.5 kg/m2, proposed by WHO for the Asian population. Kappa analysis showed that the obesity prevalence defined by BMI and BF% was higher in females than in males （k=0.530 vs k=0.418, P〈O.O001）. The sensitivity and specificity of BMI （30 kg/m2 and 27.5 kg/m2） were 54.1% and 96.7% and 76.4% and 88.2%, respectively, for obesity. A lower BMI cutoff point （26.60 kg/m2） was proposed in this study, which gave the maximum sensitivity （84.3%） and specificity （85.4%）, with a moderate kappa agreement （k=0.686）. Moreover, the obesity prevalence at this cutoff point （56.4%） was significantly higher than that recommended by WHO. Conclusion The specificity of BMI for obesity is high and its sensitivity is low in both sexes. Its sensitivity can be increased by changing BMI cutoff to a lower value. The choice of BF% reference is of great influence for the assessment of obesity prevalence according to the BMI.展开更多
A method for noninvasive determination of fat and water content in the human body is examined. A spatially resolved spectroscopy method is used which can record low intensity near infrared spectra. This novel approach...A method for noninvasive determination of fat and water content in the human body is examined. A spatially resolved spectroscopy method is used which can record low intensity near infrared spectra. This novel approach is compared to other methods for the determination of fat and water content. Monte Carlo simulations of light propagation in tissue are shown and the production and characterization of optical phantoms of adipose tissue are investigated.展开更多
Background: Dyslipidemia in childhood contributes to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases later in life. This study sets out to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and describe the associations between se...Background: Dyslipidemia in childhood contributes to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases later in life. This study sets out to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and describe the associations between selected variables and dyslipidemia in Cameroon urban children. Methods: This cross-sectional hospital-based study included 415 children (188 boys and 227 girls) between the ages of 5 and 16 years. Dyslipidemia was defined as an abnormal value of one or more of the following lipids: Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Percentage body fat (%BF) was estimated using bio-electric impedance analysis. A structured questionnaire was used by parents to report physical activity, screen time and eating habits of the children. Relationships between predictors and dyslipidemia were assessed using multiple binary logistic regression analyses. Results: The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 46.0%. Dyslipidemic children had significantly higher %BF, TG and LDL-C and lower HDL-C than the normal children (p p = 0.004), short stature (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.1 - 6.8, p = 0.041), physical activity p Conclusion: This study confirms that obesity, short stature, physical activity < 60 minutes/day and never/occasional consumption of fruits/vegetables were associated with dyslipidemia. Also, a high proportion of children had one or more lipid disorders. This is concerning and indicates the importance of assessing dyslipidemia in pre-school children in future studies.展开更多
文摘Objective To assess the obesity prevalence in body mass index （BMI） and body fat percentage Saudi adults according to the international standards of （BF%）. Methods Five hundred and thirty healthy Saudi adults aged 18-72 years （mean 36.91＋15.22 years） were enrolled in this study. Their body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impendence analysis with a commercially available body composition analyzer. Standard BMI and BF% values were used to define obesity. Results The prevalence of underweight, normal underweight, overweight and obesity in Saudi adults according to the BMI criteria （〈18.5 kg/mz, 18.5-24.4 kg/m2, 25-29.9 kg/m2, 30 k＆/m2 and above, respectively） was 2.5%, 30.2%, 33.6%, and 33.8%, respectively, whereas the obesity prevalence was 60% （n=31g） in Saudi adults according to the BF% criteria （25% for males and 30% for females）, which was significantly higher than that according to BMI criteria. However, it was 50.6% （n=268） when the BMI cutoff point was 27.5 kg/m2, proposed by WHO for the Asian population. Kappa analysis showed that the obesity prevalence defined by BMI and BF% was higher in females than in males （k=0.530 vs k=0.418, P〈O.O001）. The sensitivity and specificity of BMI （30 kg/m2 and 27.5 kg/m2） were 54.1% and 96.7% and 76.4% and 88.2%, respectively, for obesity. A lower BMI cutoff point （26.60 kg/m2） was proposed in this study, which gave the maximum sensitivity （84.3%） and specificity （85.4%）, with a moderate kappa agreement （k=0.686）. Moreover, the obesity prevalence at this cutoff point （56.4%） was significantly higher than that recommended by WHO. Conclusion The specificity of BMI for obesity is high and its sensitivity is low in both sexes. Its sensitivity can be increased by changing BMI cutoff to a lower value. The choice of BF% reference is of great influence for the assessment of obesity prevalence according to the BMI.
文摘A method for noninvasive determination of fat and water content in the human body is examined. A spatially resolved spectroscopy method is used which can record low intensity near infrared spectra. This novel approach is compared to other methods for the determination of fat and water content. Monte Carlo simulations of light propagation in tissue are shown and the production and characterization of optical phantoms of adipose tissue are investigated.
文摘Background: Dyslipidemia in childhood contributes to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases later in life. This study sets out to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and describe the associations between selected variables and dyslipidemia in Cameroon urban children. Methods: This cross-sectional hospital-based study included 415 children (188 boys and 227 girls) between the ages of 5 and 16 years. Dyslipidemia was defined as an abnormal value of one or more of the following lipids: Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Percentage body fat (%BF) was estimated using bio-electric impedance analysis. A structured questionnaire was used by parents to report physical activity, screen time and eating habits of the children. Relationships between predictors and dyslipidemia were assessed using multiple binary logistic regression analyses. Results: The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 46.0%. Dyslipidemic children had significantly higher %BF, TG and LDL-C and lower HDL-C than the normal children (p p = 0.004), short stature (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.1 - 6.8, p = 0.041), physical activity p Conclusion: This study confirms that obesity, short stature, physical activity < 60 minutes/day and never/occasional consumption of fruits/vegetables were associated with dyslipidemia. Also, a high proportion of children had one or more lipid disorders. This is concerning and indicates the importance of assessing dyslipidemia in pre-school children in future studies.
