Probiotics are living bacterial cells that have significant therapeutic potential for treating human infectious diseases.There is a huge market for probiotics in the pharmaceutical sector.They have been frequently use...Probiotics are living bacterial cells that have significant therapeutic potential for treating human infectious diseases.There is a huge market for probiotics in the pharmaceutical sector.They have been frequently used to treat the gastrointestinal diseases and improve gut immunity.In this review,the strains currently in use for manufacturing oral probiotic formulations are discussed.The review further recommends the use of probiotics for the control of various oral health disorders,like dental caries,periodontitis,gingivitis,halitosis,burning mouth syndrome,and oral cancer.Finally,this review also explores the use of various commercial probiotic products in maintaining oral health,their market values,and government acts and regulations that are relevant to the production and marketing of probiotics.Probiotics have tremendous therapeutic potential and more in-depth research must be done on these beneficial bacteria to make them one of the leading drugs in treating oral disorders.展开更多
The first case of osteonecrosis of the jaw(ONJ)related to azacitidine therapy was reported.A 64-year-old male with acute myeloid leukemia,who received 5-azacitidine,presented with pain and purulence of the right secon...The first case of osteonecrosis of the jaw(ONJ)related to azacitidine therapy was reported.A 64-year-old male with acute myeloid leukemia,who received 5-azacitidine,presented with pain and purulence of the right second premolar.An unsuccessful endodontic therapy resulted in dental extraction 6 months later.The post-extraction non-healing socket was managed with antibiotics and multiple surgical debridements without response.ONJ stage 2 was diagnosed 12 months after the initial symptoms of pain and purulence and was managed conservatively.Currently the patient is still receiving 5-azacitidine therapy,while ONJ remains asymptomatic.This case highlights the presence of alveolar bone disease prior to the appearance of ONJ.Osteonecrosis in chemotherapy,although rare,may increase as long-term survival of cancer patients,who receive those medications increases.Health care professionals need to be alert,while collaboration with an experienced oral/dental oncologist would be beneficial to the patient.展开更多
文摘Probiotics are living bacterial cells that have significant therapeutic potential for treating human infectious diseases.There is a huge market for probiotics in the pharmaceutical sector.They have been frequently used to treat the gastrointestinal diseases and improve gut immunity.In this review,the strains currently in use for manufacturing oral probiotic formulations are discussed.The review further recommends the use of probiotics for the control of various oral health disorders,like dental caries,periodontitis,gingivitis,halitosis,burning mouth syndrome,and oral cancer.Finally,this review also explores the use of various commercial probiotic products in maintaining oral health,their market values,and government acts and regulations that are relevant to the production and marketing of probiotics.Probiotics have tremendous therapeutic potential and more in-depth research must be done on these beneficial bacteria to make them one of the leading drugs in treating oral disorders.
文摘The first case of osteonecrosis of the jaw(ONJ)related to azacitidine therapy was reported.A 64-year-old male with acute myeloid leukemia,who received 5-azacitidine,presented with pain and purulence of the right second premolar.An unsuccessful endodontic therapy resulted in dental extraction 6 months later.The post-extraction non-healing socket was managed with antibiotics and multiple surgical debridements without response.ONJ stage 2 was diagnosed 12 months after the initial symptoms of pain and purulence and was managed conservatively.Currently the patient is still receiving 5-azacitidine therapy,while ONJ remains asymptomatic.This case highlights the presence of alveolar bone disease prior to the appearance of ONJ.Osteonecrosis in chemotherapy,although rare,may increase as long-term survival of cancer patients,who receive those medications increases.Health care professionals need to be alert,while collaboration with an experienced oral/dental oncologist would be beneficial to the patient.
