Can visceral fat parameters based on computed tomography be used to predict occult peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer?

BACKGROUND The preoperative prediction of peritoneal metastasis(PM)in gastric cancer would prevent unnecessary surgery and promptly indicate an appropriate treatment plan.AIM To explore the predictive value of visceral fat(VF)parameters obtained from preoperative computed tomography(CT)images for occult PM and to develop an individualized model for predicting occult PM in patients with gastric carcinoma(GC).METHODS A total of 128 confirmed GC cases(84 male and 44 female patients)that underwent CT scans were analyzed and categorized into PM-positive(n=43)and PM-negative(n=85)groups.The clinical characteristics and VF parameters of two regions of interest(ROIs)were collected.Univariate and stratified analyses based on VF volume were performed to screen for predictive characteristics for occult PM.Prediction models with and without VF parameters were established by multivariable logistic regression analysis.RESULTS The mean attenuations of VF_(ROI 1)and VF_(ROI 2)varied significantly between the PM-positive and PMnegative groups(P=0.044 and 0.001,respectively).The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves(AUCs)of VF_(ROI 1)and VF_(ROI 2)were 0.599 and 0.657,respectively.The mean attenuation of VF_(ROI 2)was included in the final prediction combined model,but not an independent risk factor of PM(P=0.068).No significant difference was observed between the models with and without mean attenuation of VF(AUC:0.749 vs 0.730,P=0.339).CONCLUSION The mean attenuation of VF is a potential auxiliary parameter for predicting occult PM in patients with GC.

Pulmonary lymphoma: computed tomography features with pathologic correlation

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the CT and pathology features of pulmonary lymphoma and to improve the understanding of this disease. Methods: The CT findings of 23 cases with pulmonary lymphoma were retrospectively analyzed and correlated with histopathology. Results: Of the 23 cases with pulmonary lymphoma, there were Hodgkin lymphoma (5 cases) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (18 cases). Multiple lesions were assessed in 16 cases and single lesion in 7 cases. The imaging findings were classified into 3 types: lobar and segmental involvement type (9/23 cases, 39.13%), nodular or mass-like involvement type (8/23 cases, 34.78%) and mixed type (6/23 cases, 26.09%). Air bronchogram sign (14/23 cases, 60.8%), CT angiogram sign (12/23 cases, 52.17%), ground glass opacity nodules (3/23 cases, 13.04%) and lesion across pulmonary lobes (4/23,17.39%) were the characteristic features of pulmonary lymphoma. Conclusion: Relative characteristic CT features of pulmonary lymphoma could be revealed, which shows clinical significance in the diagnosis of the disease.

Imaging of bone metastasis: An update

Early detection of skeletal metastasis is critical for accurate staging and optimal treatment. This paper briefly reviews our current understanding of the biological mechanisms through which tumours metastasise to bone and describes the available imaging methods to diagnose bone metastasis and monitor response to treatment. Among the various imaging modalities currently available for imaging skeletal metastasis, hybrid techniques whichfuse morphological and functional data are the most sensitive and specific, and positron emission tomography(PET)/computed tomography and PET/magnetic resonance imaging will almost certainly continue to evolve and become increasingly important in this regard.

Brain metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma:A case report and review of the literature

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequent malignancies in the world. It is more common in far eastern countries and relatively rare in the United States and western European countries where at autopsy it accounts for only 1-2% of malignant rumors, The disease is usually manifested in the the 6^th and 7^th decade of life. HCC is one of the highly malignant neoplasms, Extrahepatic metastases are seen in 64% of patients with HCC. The lungs, regional lymph nodes, kidney, bone marrow and adrenals are common sites of HCC metastasis^[1-3], But, metastasis to brain and skull is extremely rare. Table I shows some of the reported cases of HCC with brain metastasis. These case reports reaffirms the complex and multidisciplinary care of these patients^[4-5].

Postoperative multiple metastasis of clear cell sarcoma-like tumor of the gastrointestinal tract in adolescent:A case report

BACKGROUND Clear cell sarcoma-like tumor of the gastrointestinal tract(CCSLGT)is a rare malignant gastrointestinal mesenchymal soft tissue tumor.Its genetic feature is EWSR1 gene rearrangement.Histologically,it is often accompanied by a varying number of CD68-positive osteoclast-like giant cells.CCSLGT mostly occurs in the small intestinal wall of young people and children.In terms of clinical manifestations,there is no significant difference between it and other gastrointestinal tumors,and the diagnosis depends on immunohistochemistry and gene detection.CASE SUMMARY A 16-year-old man developed dizziness and fatigue 2 mo ago,and 10 d ago showed progressive exacerbation of paroxysmal epigastric pain and stopped flatulence and defecation.Computed tomography showed a soft tissue mass in the distal ileum.After complete resection of the lesion,it was diagnosed by combined immunohistochemical and genetic examination as CCSLGT.After surgery,the patient gradually developed lymph node,liver,lung,bone,left thigh,pleura and adrenal metastasis.The survival time was 4 years and 8 mo.CONCLUSION Whole abdominal computed tomography enhancement is recommended for patients with gastrointestinal symptoms.There is no effective treatment for CCSLGT with multiple metastases via the lymphatic system and bloodstream after surgical resection.

Preliminary Application of Perfusion Imaging in Neoplasm in the Brain and Body with Multi-slice Helical CT

Objective： To evaluate the clinical value of perfusion imaging in neoplasm in the brain and body with Multi-slice helical CT. Methods： Twenty-eight patients with neoplasm were subjected to perfusion imaging with multi-slice helical CT, including 22 patients with brain neoplasm and 6 patients with body neoplasm. At first, CT routine scan was preformed to localize central slices of neoplasm. Then perfusion imaging of 4 and identical slices in central slices of neoplasm was performed by using CT cine scan. Scanning images were transferred into ADW3.1 work-station to create and analyze perfusion images and parameters. Results： Perfusion parameters of cerebral neoplasm had a remarkable increase. But, CBF value of different cerebral neoplasms had partial overlap; CBV value was increased slightly; MTT value had no apparently clinical value; PS value was increased significantly, pituitary neoplasm〉meningoma〉cerebral glioma≈cerebral metastasis. PS value could reveal the characters of cerebral neoplasm and had apparently clinical value. Perfusion parameters of body neoplasms have a remarkable increase too. Body tumors were liable to be interfered by breath movement. Perfusion parameters were helpful to differentiation diagnosis of neoplasm in the brain and body. PS images of neoplasm in the brain and body were helpful to defining tumor outline and finding small tumor. Conclusion： MSCT perfusion imaging provided a precise and relative simple method to quantitatively estimate blood perfusion status in tumors in the brain and body. The technique can be easily implemented on clinical scanners.

Clinical study of stomach neoplasm CT perfusion imaging

Objection:The purpose of this study is preliminarily to discuss stomach perfusion imaging technique with Multi-slice CT and its clinical application value in stomach neoplasm.Methods:Fifteen patients with known stomach neoplasm performed perfusion imaging with 4 or 16 slice CT.Performing perfusion imaging in central slice of neoplasm,using CT cine scan,slice thick 10 mm/2i;with high pressure syringe,injecting quickly from right elbow-front vein,dosage 45-50 mL,injec-tion rate 3.5-4.0 mL/s,scanning delay time 5 s,scanning total time 45 s.We performed perfusion CT post-processing using pancreatic mode of perfusion CT software.Blood flow(BF),blood volume(BV),mean transit time(MTT),and permeability surface(PS) of gastric wall and tumor were computed for every case.Results:BF,BV,MTT and PS of gastric tumor were 116.68 ± 90.09 mL/(min·100 g),9.57 ± 8.12 mL/100 g,10.07 ± 7.74 s,20.78 ± 19.68 mL/(min·100g),respectively.The P values for each CT perfusion parameters between gastric tumor and normal gastric wall were 0.001,0.021,0.155 and 0.031,respectively.Conclusion:Perfusion CT can provide hemodynamics of gastric tumors and play a key role in the diagnosis of gastric tumors.It's clinical application prospect will be fully broad.

Utility of CT in differentiating liver metastases of well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms from poorly-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms

Objective： To determine the capability of dynamic enhanced computed tomography（CT） to differentiate liver metastases（LMs） of well-differentiated from poorly-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms（GEP-NENs）.Methods： Patients with LMs of GEP-NENs who underwent dynamic enhanced CT examination in Peking University Cancer Hospital from January 2009 to October 2015 were included and data were retrospectively analyzed. We assessed the qualitative and quantitative CT features to identify the significant differentiating CT features of LMs of poorly-differentiated GEP-NENs from those of well-differentiated GEP-NENs using univariate analysis and a multivariate logistic regression model.Results： The study included 22 patients with LMs of well-differentiated GEP-NENs and 32 patients with LMs of poorly-differentiated GEP-NENs. Univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences between the LMs of well-and poorly-differentiated GEP-NENs in terms of feeding arteries（36.4% vs. 75.0%, χ2=8.061,P=0.005）, intratumoral neovascularity（18.2% vs. 59.4%, χ2=9.047, P=0.003）, lymphadenopathy（27.3% vs. 81.2%,χ2=15.733, P〈0.001）, tumor-to-aortic ratio in the hepatic arterial and portal venous phase（T-A/AP： 0.297±0.080 vs.0.251±0.059, t=2.437, P=0.018; T-A/PVP： 0.639±0.138 vs. 0.529±0.117, t=3.163, P=0.003） and tumor-to-liver ratio in the hepatic arterial phase（T-L/AP： 1.108±0.267 vs. 0.907±0.240, t=2.882, P=0.006）. The LMs of poorlydifferentiated GEP-NENs showed more feeding arteries, more intratumoral neovascularity, more lymphadenopathy and a lower tumor-to-aortic ratio. Multivariate analysis suggested that intratumoral neovascularity [P=0.015, OR=0.108, 95% confidence interval（95% CI）, 0.018–0.646], lymphadenopathy（P=0.001,OR=0.055, 95% CI, 0.009–0.323） and T-A/PVP（P=0.004, OR=5.3 E–5, 95% CI, 0.000–0.044） were independent factors for differentiating LMs of poorly-differentiated from well-differentiated GEP-NENs.Conclusions： Dynamic enhanced CT features（intratumoral neovascularity, lymphadenopathy and T-A/PVP）are useful in the pathological classification of LMs of GEP-NENs.

Progression of hepatic hyperperfusion disorders revealed during follow-up CT scan of digestive system neoplasm

Objective： The aim of this study was to investigate progression of hepatic hyperperfusion disorders revealed during follow-up contrast material-enhanced multi-slice spiral computed tomography （MSCT） scan of digestive system neoplasm. Methods： Three-phase contrast material-enhanced MSCT were performed during the follow-up in patients with digestive system malignant tumor confirmed histologically. The progression of hepatic hyperperfusion disorders revealed on contrast material-enhanced CT image were investigated at the 2 years follow-up with approximately 6 months interval. Results： The hepatic hyperperfusion disorders were showed in 39 patients on follow-up contrast material-enhanced MSCT scans. Among the 39 patients, initial hyperperfusion disorders were revealed in 6 （15.38%）, 26 （66.67%）, and 7 （17.95%） patients in 6, 12, and 18 months during follow-up respectively. The initial hyperperfusion disorders revealed in 12 months were more frequent than those revealed in 6 months （X2 = 14.82, P 〈 0.05） and 18 months （X2 = 15.02, P 〈 0.05）. Among the 39 patients, the hyperperfusion disorders progressed into liver metastasis based on typical CT findings in 37 （94.87%） patients, and were not obvious changes in 2 （5.13%） patients. Among the 37 patients, the hyperperfusion disorders progressed into metastasis in 10 （25.64%） patients in 6 months after the hyperperfusion disorders were revealed, and in 27（69.23%） patients in 12 months. The hyperperfusion disorders developing into metastasis were more in 12 months than those in 6 months （X2= 14.98, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： Most hepatic hyperperfusion disorders revealed at the follow-up of digestive system neoplasm may be early manifestations of liver metastasis. The careful follow-up of hepatic hyperperfusion disorders is necessary.

光谱CT预测结直肠癌区域淋巴结转移

目的观察光谱CT预测结直肠癌(CRC)区域淋巴结转移的价值。方法回顾性分析73例经术后病理证实CRC患者,根据区域淋巴结转移与否分为阳性组(n=29)和阴性组(n=44);基于静脉期光谱CT图像获取淋巴结短径、120 kV常规图像CT值(CT值_(120 kV))、40 keV和70 keV虚拟单能量图像CT值(CT值_(40 keV)和CT值_(70 keV))、碘密度(ID)、有效原子序数(Zeff)及能谱曲线斜率(λHU),比较组间上述参数及临床指标差异;排除方差膨胀因子>10者后,分别基于糖类抗原19-9(CA19-9)和癌胚抗原(CEA)构建模型1,基于普通CT参数(淋巴结短径、CT值_(120 kV))构建模型2,基于光谱CT参数(CT值_(70 keV)、ID、Zeff、λ_(HU))构建模型3,基于普通CT参数及光谱CT参数构建模型4;分析四者预测CRC区域淋巴结转移的效能。结果组间患者性别、CA19-9、CEA、淋巴结短径、CT值_(120 kV)、CT值_(40 keV)、CT值_(70 keV)、ID、Zeff及λ_(HU)差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。模型1~4预测CRC区域淋巴结转移的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.734、0.752、0.996及0.995;其中,模型1与模型3、4,模型2与模型3、4间AUC差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。结论基于增强静脉期光谱CT可有效预测CRC区域淋巴结转移。

增强动脉期CT影像组学特征联合临床术前预测胃癌脉管浸润

目的观察增强动脉期CT影像组学特征联合临床术前预测胃癌脉管浸润(LVI)的价值。方法回顾性纳入298例胃癌患者,根据是否伴LVI将其分为阳性组(n=155)及阴性组(n=143),并按7∶3比例分为训练集(n=208)及测试集(n=90)。基于增强动脉期CT图提取病灶影像组学特征,采用logistic回归分析筛选胃癌LVI的临床影响因素;分别采用支持向量机(SVM)、逻辑回归(LR)、随机森林(RF)及极端梯度提升树(XGBoost)建立影像组学模型、临床模型及临床-影像组学模型,评估各模型预测胃癌LVI的效能。结果以SVM、LR、RF及XGBoost建立的影像组学模型预测训练集胃癌LVI的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.896、0.821、1.000及1.000,其在测试集的AUC分别为0.744、0.801、0.740及0.747。基于4种机器学习建立的临床模型在训练集的AUC均为0.810,在测试集均为0.840。基于SVM、LR、RF及XGBoost建立的临床-影像组学模型预测训练集胃癌LVI的AUC分别为0.920、0.900、1.000及1.000,其在测试集的AUC分别为0.900、0.890、0.840及0.790。测试集中,基于SVM、LR及RF的临床-影像组学模型的AUC均大于影像组学模型和临床模型(P均<0.05)。结论增强动脉期CT影像组学联合临床有助于术前预测胃癌LVI。

^(18)F-FDG PET/CT半定量参数预测临床Ⅰa~Ⅲa期肺腺癌经气腔播散

目的观察^(18)F-FDG PET/CT半定量参数预测临床Ⅰa~Ⅲa期肺腺癌经气腔播散(STAS)的价值。方法回顾性收集85例于术前接受^(18)F-FDG PET/CT检查的Ⅰa~Ⅲa期肺腺癌患者,根据病理显示有无STAS分为阳性组(n=23)及阴性组(n=62);比较组间临床及PET/CT所见,并以logistic分析观察其预测STAS的效能。结果组间患者性别、癌胚抗原、临床分期、病理分级、微乳头状生长及其占比差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。阳性组最大、平均及峰值标准摄取值(SUV max、SUV mean、SUV peak),最大、平均及峰值瘦体标准摄取值(SUL_(max)、SUL_(mean)、SUL_(peak))和病灶糖酵解总量(TLG)均显著高于阴性组(P均<0.05)。性别、微乳头状生长方式占比、SUV max及SUL_(max)均为Ⅰa~Ⅲa期肺腺癌STAS的独立危险因素,以之预测STAS的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.666、0.912、0.839及0.842;其联合预测的AUC为0.957。结论^(18)F-FDG PET/CT参数SUV max及SUL_(max)有助于预测临床Ⅰa~Ⅲa期肺腺癌STAS;进一步联合性别及微乳头状生长方式占比可提高诊断效能。

肾肉瘤样癌伴广泛转移1例

患者男,61岁,体检发现右肾占位伴可疑肝转移1月余、全程血尿伴血凝块2周;既往无特殊病史。查体:右肾区叩痛(+)。实验室检查无明显异常。肾脏CT:右肾中部实质内4.4 cm×4.8 cm肿块,密度不均,平扫CT值18~35 HU,增强后不均匀强化,程度均低于同期肾皮质;邻近肾门、肾盏受累,右肾周脂肪间隙模糊;肝右叶多发病灶平扫呈低密度,最大者5.8 cm×5.9 cm,动脉期环形强化,门静脉期及延迟期强化减低;考虑右肾癌伴多发肝转移。

CT影像组学鉴别脊柱骨岛与成骨型转移癌

目的观察CT影像组学鉴别脊柱骨岛(BI)与成骨型转移癌(OBM)的价值。方法回顾性分析来自3个医疗机构的98例BI患者109个病灶及158例OBM患者282个病灶(包括48例肺癌103个转移灶、52例乳腺癌86个转移灶及58例前列腺癌93个转移灶);以机构1数据为内部数据集并按7∶3比例分为内部训练集与内部验证集,以机构2、3数据作为外部数据集;并以性别分为女性数据子集(包括肺癌与乳腺癌OBM)及男性数据子集(包括肺癌与前列腺癌OBM)。基于CT图像提取、筛选影像组学特征并构建支持向量机(SVM)模型,包括模型1(鉴别BI与OBM)、模型2(鉴别女性肺癌与乳腺癌OBM)及模型3(鉴别男性肺癌与前列腺癌OBM)。绘制受试者工作特征曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC),评估并比较模型1、单一CT值及3名医师(甲、乙、丙)鉴别BI与OBM的效能,以及模型2、3鉴别不同OBM的效能。结果模型1鉴别内部训练集、内部验证集及外部数据集脊柱OBM与BI的AUC分别为0.99、0.98及0.86。针对内部训练集,模型1鉴别BI与OBM的AUC高于医师甲(AUC=0.78)、乙(AUC=0.87)、丙(AUC=0.93)及单一平均CT值(AUC=0.78,P均<0.05)。模型2鉴别内部训练集、内部验证集及外部数据集女性肺癌与乳腺癌OBM的AUC分别为0.79、0.75及0.73;模型3鉴别各集男性肺癌与前列腺癌OBM的AUC分别为0.77、0.74和0.77。结论根据CT影像组学SVM模型能可靠鉴别BI与OBM。

临床-CT模型评估食管鳞状细胞癌侵犯脉管和/或神经

目的观察临床-CT模型评估食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)侵犯脉管(LVI)和/或神经(PNI)的价值。方法回顾性分析156例ESCC患者资料,根据术后病理结果将LVI和/或PNI阳性者归为阳性组(n=58)、LVI及PNI均阴性者归为阴性组(n=98);比较组间临床及CT资料,行logistic回归分析并建立模型,观察其评估LVI和/或PNI的效能。结果组间癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原199(CA199)、肿瘤厚度、肿瘤体积、静脉期CT值(CTV)、CTV与平扫CT值(CTP)差值(ΔCT_(V-P))及静脉期增强率(V%)差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05),其评估ESCC LVI和/或PNI的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.702、0.690、0.731、0.744、0.621、0.631及0.599。CEA、CA199、肿瘤厚度、肿瘤体积及CTV为ESCC LVI和/或PNI的独立预测因素,以之建立的联合模型评估ESCC LVI和/或PNI的准确率、敏感度及特异度分别为82.05%、65.52%及91.84%,且其AUC为0.838,高于各单一参数(P均<0.05)。结论所获临床-CT模型可有效评估ESCC LVI和/或PNI。

能谱CT多参数成像术前预测胃癌淋巴结转移

目的观察能谱CT多参数成像术前预测胃癌淋巴结转移(LNM)的价值。方法回顾性分析136例胃腺癌患者,根据术后病理显示淋巴结状态将其分为LNM组(n=74)与非LNM组(n=62);比较组间临床资料、常规CT表现及能谱CT参数,将组间差异有统计学意义的因素纳入多因素logistic回归分析筛选胃癌LNM的独立预测因素,据以分别构建临床+常规CT模型(模型1)、能谱CT模型(模型2)及联合模型(模型3)。绘制受试者工作特征曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC),评估各模型术前预测胃癌LNM的效能。结果CT-N分期、CT-T分期,动脉期(AP)70、100及140 keV CT值_(肿瘤),动脉增强分数(AEF)及静脉期标准碘浓度(NICVP)均为胃癌LNM的独立预测因素(P均<0.05)。模型3术前预测胃癌LNM的AUC为0.846,高于模型1及模型2(AUC=0.767、0.774,Z=-0.368、-2.373,P均<0.05),而模型1、2间差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.152,P=0.879)。结论能谱CT多参数成像可于术前有效预测胃癌LNM。

^(18)F-FDG PET/CT代谢参数预测乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移的价值

目的基于乳腺癌相关代谢参数建立无创性预测腋窝淋巴结转移(ALNM)的模型。资料与方法回顾性选取梅州市人民医院2016年1月1日—2023年3月30日诊断为乳腺癌且术前在我科行^(18)F-FDG PET/CT检查的患者158例,获取乳腺癌原发灶代谢参数[最大标准化摄取值(SUVmax)、代谢体积、糖酵解总量(TLG)]、腋窝摄取最高淋巴结SUVmax(SUVmax ALN)、腋窝淋巴结短径及临床相关指标[年龄、肿瘤最大径、病理类型、肿瘤位置]。根据手术病理结果将患者分为ALNM阳性组[ALNM(+)]和ALNM阴性组[ALNM(-)],分析两组间各参数的关系,筛选出最佳影响因素,并利用二元Logistic回归建立预测模型。结果两组间乳腺癌原发灶的TLG、代谢体积、腋窝淋巴结短径及SUVmax ALN差异有统计学意义(Z=-3.924~-1.812,P均<0.05),而年龄、肿瘤最大径、病理类型、肿瘤位置、原发灶SUVmax及SUV平均值差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。多因素二元Logistic回归分析显示,乳腺癌原发灶的TLG及SUVmax ALN可作为乳腺癌ALNM的独立危险因素,使用这两个因素建立回归模型为Logit(P)=0.142+0.443×SUVmax ALN-0.013×TLG。以TLG及SUVmax ALN构建的ALNM预测模型曲线下面积为0.769(95%CI 0.691~0.841,P<0.001)。结论乳腺癌原发灶的TLG及SUVmax ALN可作为独立预测乳腺癌ALNM的因素,基于这两个因素建立的预测模型可以较好地预测ALNM,该非侵入性的方法在临床可能有一定应用前景。

磁共振成像与多层螺旋CT诊断对胃癌术前N分期及淋巴结转移的诊断效能及影像学特点分析

目的 分析磁共振成像(MRI)与多层螺旋CT(MSCT)诊断对胃癌术前N分期及淋巴结转移的诊断效能及影像学特点。方法 本研究选取我院2020年1月至2022月12月接收的132例胃癌患者,所选患者均接受MRI扫描与MSCT扫描检查,统计分析MRI扫描与MSCT扫描对胃癌的术前N分期、淋巴结转移情况的诊断准确率。结果 MRI及MSCT对患者术前N分期的诊断结果比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。MRI诊断中,发生淋巴结转移患者的相对表观扩散系数(rADC)低于未发生淋巴结转移的患者组(P<0.05),MSCT诊断中,发生淋巴结转移患者的rADC与未发生淋巴结转移的患者组比较更高(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果表明,MRI对淋巴结转移诊断的r ADC阈值为0.78时曲线下面积为0.809,灵敏度为78.5%,特异度为54.8%。MSCT淋巴结转移诊断的强化程度阈值为36.22 Hu时曲线下面积为0.882,灵敏度为77.3%,特异度为91.8%。结论 MRI与MSCT诊断对胃癌术前N分期及淋巴结转移均具有较高的诊断效能。

基于CT的影像组学对胃癌不同站点正常大小淋巴结转移的预测价值

目的:探讨基于CT的影像组学对胃癌不同站点正常大小淋巴结转移的预测价值。方法:回顾性分析233例胃癌患者共303个符合纳入标准的胃周正常大小淋巴结,将其分为两区,一区为胃周第一站淋巴结(175个),二区为胃周第二、三站淋巴结(128个)。两区淋巴结分别按照7∶3的比例分为训练集和验证集。筛选临床独立危险因素及影像组学特征,并分别放入决策树、LinearSVC、支持向量机(SVM)、logistic回归4个分类器中,对两区淋巴结分别构建临床-影像组合模型。通过AUC评估组合模型的性能,通过决策曲线分析模型的临床价值。结果:在两区淋巴结分别建立4个临床-影像组合模型,一区淋巴结的SVM模型显示出最佳的鉴别效能,其在训练集和验证集中的AUC分别为0.960(95%CI 0.925~0.995)和0.731(95%CI 0.556~0.905)。二区淋巴结的SVM模型亦显示出最佳的鉴别效能,其在训练集和验证集中的AUC分别为0.998(95%CI 0.993~1.000)和0.959(95%CI 0.924~0.994)。决策曲线分析提示,两区淋巴结SVM模型在临床决策中的应用均有较大效益。结论:基于CT的影像组学特征建立的临床-影像组合模型可对胃癌不同站点正常大小的转移淋巴结进行术前预测。

不同分子分型乳腺癌肝转移癌灶多层螺旋CT特征比较

目的 对比分析不同分子分型乳腺癌肝转移癌灶在多层螺旋CT(MSCT)下的特征,了解MSCT在区分不同分子分型乳腺癌肝转移中的效果。方法 回顾分析本院医院2018年12月至2023年8月乳腺癌肝转移患者资料,均行MSCT扫描,根据分子分型不同分为血管上皮A型组(A组)、血管上皮B型组(B组)、HER-2过表达组(C组)、Basal型组(D组)。对比4组转移灶平均数目、单发与多发占比、肝叶分布情况以及转移灶长径、形态、边界和强化程度、密度。结果 病灶数目比较:A组最低,其次为B组、C组,D组最多(P<0.05);单发与多发:4组患者均以多发为主,多发占比高于单发(P<0.05),4组多发占比比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);肝叶分布:4组患者均以全肝发病为主,与其他3组比较,D组右叶发病占比更高(P<0.05)。大小:4组均以长径≤2 cm的小转移灶为主,占比高于长径≥2 cm病灶(P<0.05),4组病灶大小比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。形态:4组均以圆形或类圆形病灶为主,占比高于不规则病灶(P<0.05),4组病灶形态比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。边界:A组、C组边界清晰和模糊的病灶占比相当,2组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);B组边界模糊病灶占比高于清晰病灶(P<0.05);D组边界清晰病灶占比高于模糊病灶(P<0.05);B组与D组比较,B组、D组与A组和C组比较,均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。强化特征:4组均以结节样强化为主,其占比高于环状强化和不典型强化(P<0.05)。密度分布:A组、D组均以低密度为主,低密度占比高于等密度、高密度和囊变占比(P<0.05);B组和C组以低密度、等密度为主,低密度与等密度占比比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组和D组低密度占比高于B组和C组,等密度占比低于B组和C组(P<0.05)。结论 通过MSCT观察不同分子分型乳腺癌肝转移病灶,能明确4种分型共同特点和区别,尤其在不同分型的肝叶分布、边界、密度上进行区分,为临床鉴别和精准治疗提供一定指导。