An Improved Stator Flux Observation Method of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

The stator flux and electromagnetic torque observation is the basis of direct torque controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor( PMSM) drive system. However,the traditional stator flux observer based on voltage model is affected by integral initial values and integral drift,that based on current model is affected by the parameters of PMSM,so a new stator flux observation method is proposed based on an improved secondorder generalized integrator( SOGI). Compared to the stator flux observation method based on the conventional SOGI,the proposed method can not only overcome the influence of integral initial values and integral drift,but also completely eliminate the DC offset's influence. Therefore,the observation accuracy of stator flux is further improved. The simulation and experimental results both show that the proposed method has a higher stator flux and electromagnetic torque observation precision.

Application of neural networks for permanent magnet synchronous motor direct torque control

Neural networks require a lot of training to understand the model of a plant or a process. Issues such as learning speed, stability, and weight convergence remain as areas of research and comparison of many training algorithms. The application of neural networks to control interior permanent magnet synchronous motor using direct torque control （DTC） is discussed. A neural network is used to emulate the state selector of the DTC. The neural networks used are the back-propagation and radial basis function. To reduce the training patterns and increase the execution speed of the training process, the inputs of switching table are converted to digital signals, i.e., one bit represent the flux error, one bit the torque error, and three bits the region of stator flux. Computer simulations of the motor and neural-network system using the two approaches are presented and compared. Discussions about the back-propagation and radial basis function as the most promising training techniques are presented, giving its advantages and disadvantages. The system using back-propagation and radial basis function networks controller has quick parallel speed and high torque response.

Model Predictive Direct Torque Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) with Online Parameter Estimation Based on Extended Kalman Filter

Aiming at the torque and flux ripples in the direct torque control and the time-varying parameters for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), a model predictive direct torque control with online parameter estimation based on the extended Kalman filter for PMSM is designed. By predicting the errors of torque and flux based on the model and the current states of the system, the optimal voltage vector is selected to minimize the error of torque and flux. The stator resistance and inductance are estimated online via EKF to reduce the effect of model error and the current estimation can reduce the error caused by measurement noise. The stability of the EKF is proved in theory. The simulation experiment results show the method can estimate the motor parameters, reduce the torque, and flux ripples and improve the performance of direct torque control for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM).

A novel fuzzy logic direct torque controller for a permanent magnet synchronous motor with a field programmable gate array

A high-performance digital servo system built on the platform of a field programmable gate array (FPGA),a fully digitized hardware design scheme of a direct torque control (DTC) and a low speed permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is proposed. The DTC strategy of PMSM is described with Verilog hardware description language and is employed on-chip FPGA in accordance with the electronic design automation design methodology. Due to large torque ripples in low speed PMSM,the hysteresis controller in a conventional PMSM DTC was replaced by a fuzzy controller. This FPGA scheme integrates the direct torque controller strategy,the time speed measurement algorithm,the fuzzy regulating technique and the space vector pulse width modulation principle. Experimental results indicate the fuzzy controller can provide a controllable speed at 20 r min-1 and torque at 330 N m with satisfactory dynamic and static performance. Furthermore,the results show that this new control strategy decreases the torque ripple drastically and enhances control performance.

The Characteristics Analysis and Cogging Torque Optimization of a Surface-Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

This paper proposes optimal stator skewed slot analytical method for cogging torque reduction in surface-interior permanent magnet synchronous motor(SIPMSM)and analyzes the characteristics of SIPMSM.The series-parallel equivalent magnetic circuit models(EMCMs)of SIPMSM is built based on the characteristics of magnetic circuits,which is used to design the basic electromagnetic parameters of SIPMSM.Analytical expressions of cogging torque are derived from applying analytical techniques.Stator skewed slot for cogging torque minimum is adopted,and the stator skewed slot pitch is confirmed based on the analytical expressions of the resultant cogging torque.The cogging torque,torque ripple,back electromotive force(back-EMF),power-angle characteristics,efficiency and power factor of SIPMSM are analyzed by establishing 3-dimensional finite element model(3-D-FED)of SIPMSM with stator skewed slot and straight slot.It is shown that the comprehensive performance of optimized SIPMSM is improved as confirmed by finite element analysis and analytical calculation results.

Laboratory Implementation of Direct Torque Controller based Speed Loop Pseudo Derivative Feedforward Controller for PMSM Drive

This paper,evaluate the effectiveness of a proposed speed loop pseudo derivative feedforward(PDFF)controller-based direct torque controller(DTC)for a PMSM drive against the performance of existing PI speed controller-based DTC and hysteresis current controller(HCC).The proposed PDFF-based speed regulator effectively reduces oscillation and overshoot associated with rotor angular speed,electromagnetic torque,and stator current.Two case studies,one using forward-to-reverse motoring operation and the other involving reverse-to-forward braking operation,has been validated to show the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.The proposed controller's superior performance is demonstrated through experimental verification utilizing an FPGA controller for a 1.5 kW PMSM drive laboratory prototype.

基于滑模控制的永磁同步电动机DTC仿真研究

针对传统永磁同步电动机(PMSM)直接转矩控制(DTC)中转矩和磁链脉动大的问题,在转矩和磁链控制中引入超螺旋滑模变结构,并采用基于莱维飞行的改进粒子群(PSO)算法对其可调参数优化整定。为加快系统动态响应速度,采用速度滑模控制器代替传统PI调节器。使用Matlab/Simulink对引入滑模变结构的DTC系统进行了仿真研究,分别对空载和带载条件下的转速、转矩以及磁链进行分析。仿真结果表明,滑模变结构的引入可有效抑制转矩和磁链脉动,降低转速超调,缩短过渡时间。仿真研究有助于学生更好地理解与应用滑模理论,并增强学生理论结合实际与自主创新意识。

基于自然容错开关表的五相永磁同步电机直接转矩控制

五相永磁同步电机(permanent-magnetsynchronous motor,PMSM)传统直接转矩控制(direct torque control,DTC)存在相电流畸变严重、共模电压(common-modevoltage,CMV)高、转矩和磁链脉动大等问题,且无法实现相开路故障情况下的无扰运行。为解决上述问题,提出一种基于自然容错开关表的DTC策略。该策略根据PMSM开路故障前后基电压矢量的特点以及三次平面合成电压矢量为零的原则,构建虚拟矢量(virtual vector,VV),设计故障前后同一套自然容错开关表,进而不但抑制了故障导致的转矩脉动,而且在故障前后均能降低三次谐波电流、减小转矩和磁链脉动、抑制CMV。实验结果验证所提策略的可行性。

永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统实验教学设计与实现

为加深学生对电气传动控制技术和永磁同步电机(PMSM)直接转矩控制(DTC)系统理论知识的理解,培养学生的团队合作能力和综合实践能力,搭建了直接转矩控制系统的实验平台,在课程教学中引入了HiGale半实物仿真系统和MATLAB软件。学生基于MATLAB软件对永磁同步电机的直接转矩控制系统进行仿真建模、参数调试、运行和分析,并进一步在HiGale中进行半实物仿真实验,对主要实验过程及结果加以分析,使得教学形式更加多样化。该平台帮助学生加深对直接转矩控制系统的理解和认识,提高学生理论联系实际的能力,激发学生对电机控制技术的学习兴趣。

A novel MTPA and flux weakening method of stator flux oriented control of PMSM

Permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)has the advantages of high efficiency,high power density and high reliability.It has been widely used in electric vehicles,rail transit,industrial transmission and other fields.Compared with the traditional PMSM control strategy,the Indirect stator-quantities control(ISC)of low torque ripple induction motor has high dynamic response performance in the whole speed range,with high stability and strong security.However,due to the inherent characteristics of PMSM,there are still some difficulties in applying ISC strategy,such as solving the load angle corresponding to the current torque,realizing the maximum torque per ampere(MTPA)control and flux weakening control method in the stator field oriented control algorithm of PMSM.In this paper,theoretical analysis and discussion are carried out for the above difficulties,and an indirect stator vector control(ISC)method for PMSM is proposed.Finally,combined with the electric drive application platform of electric vehicle,the simulation and experimental results verify that the proposed ISC control strategy of PMSM also has good dynamic and steady-state performance in the whole speed range.

定子槽偏移的内置式永磁同步电机的优化与分析

为降低永磁同步电机齿槽转矩和提高电机输出性能,以三相8极36槽内置组合式永磁同步电机为例,提出了一种电机定子槽偏移的方法。首先,通过理论推导定子齿气隙磁导函数,建立电机定子槽偏移数学模型;其次,对不同定子偏移槽数下不同偏移角度的齿槽转矩峰值、输出转矩以及转矩脉动的影响做出分析,利用自适应遗传算法确定电机定子偏移槽数偏移角度下的目标值;最后,通过试制样机进行实验。结果表明,优化后的电机齿槽转矩峰值降低了49.56%,转矩脉动降低了39.2%,平均输出转矩得到适当提升,气隙磁密谐波得到适当降低,同时,平均输出转矩增大,电机输出性能得到提升。所提定子槽偏移结构及多目标联合仿真方法具有一定的合理性和有效性,可为同类型电机的齿槽转矩优化和输出性能提高提供参考。

E型分块定子永磁同步电机热分析及优化

分块定子永磁同步电机作为一种新型电机拓扑结构,具有高容错性、高转矩密度等特点,同时存在电机损耗大的问题,威胁到电机性能的稳固性。以E型分块定子永磁同步电机为研究对象,分析电机损耗机制,研究不同运行工况下电机损耗变化规律;采用磁热双向耦合法对电机进行热分析,并基于热分析结果采用响应面优化方法对电机进行多目标优化设计。优化后,电机平均输出转矩提升了14.15%,涡流损耗降低了55.99%,平均温升降低了12.62%。最后通过实验验证了双向磁热耦合法的准确性及优化设计的有效性。

基于比例谐振的永磁同步电机直接转矩控制

针对常规直接转矩控制(DTC)中转矩和磁链控制存在较大偏差的现象,从永磁同步电机(PMSM)数学模型的分析出发,在有效估算定子磁链和转矩的基础上,提出了基于空间矢量脉宽调制(SVM)的DTC策略;同时,利用比例谐振(PR)控制器能在静止坐标系下实现对交流信号无静差跟踪这一特性,将其引入控制系统可克服比例积分(PI)控制的不足。最终设计了一套基于双PR控制器的PMSM-SVM-DTC系统。通过与常规DTC仿真对比分析,证明该方案能有效减小磁链和转矩脉动,鲁棒性强,具有良好的动态响应特性。并进一步利用实验验证了方案的可行性和有效性,具备工程应用价值。

永磁同步电机矢量控制和直接转矩控制的对比研究

随着永磁材料的发现和现代电机控制技术的不断发展,三相永磁同步电机的控制方式逐渐演变为矢量控制和直接转矩控制两大流派,并各有千秋。矢量控制和直接转矩控制虽然在控制系统组成、控制过程、形式以及效果等方面存在差异,但是2种控制方式拥有相同的理论基础,控制本质是一致的。通过Matlab/Simulink软件仿真和转矩公式分析进行了验证。

基于调制系数最优法的TLDMC-PMSM新型直接转矩控制

针对矩阵变换器永磁同步电机系统(MC-PMSM)直接转矩控制方法出现的转矩磁链脉动大、幅值失调、系统鲁棒性弱等问题,提出了一种基于调制系数最优法的三电平直接矩阵变换器永磁同步电机(TLDMCPMSM)新型直接转矩控制方法。首先描述了MC-PMSM直接转矩控制系统的原理;其次用三电平直接矩阵变换器替换两电平矩阵变换器,转速环通过复叠式螺旋滑模控制、转矩磁链环通过超螺旋滑模直接转矩控制替换传统的比例积分控制,并且引入调制系数最优法来抑制电机转矩波动逐渐增大,进而实现对永磁同步电机的精确控制;最后通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真软件和硬件实验验证所提方法的可行性与优越性。

基于永磁同步电机的矢量控制和直接转矩控制策略研究

关于传统的直接转矩控制与矢量控制对比的研究相对较为欠缺,从基本原理、逻辑框图和结果分析3个角度对矢量控制和直接转矩控制进行对比。着重对矢量控制的解耦思想和直接转矩控制的定子磁通定向进行分析,通过控制变量法统一电机参数对二者电磁转矩和电流波形进行分析。结果表明:传统直接转矩控制的脉动大于矢量控制,但就超调量而言,传统直接转矩控制更具优势。

永磁同步电动机控制技术综述

永磁同步电动机拥有能耗低、稳定性高等优点,在现代电梯驱动系统中已经得到广泛应用。随着电力电子技术的发展,永磁同步电动机控制技术也得到了飞速发展。现如今,永磁同步电动机变频控制方法也已经从最为简单的恒压比控制(V/f)发展为系统更加稳定的矢量控制(FOC)和直接转矩控制(DTC)。同时为优化永磁同步电动机设计、节约制造成本、提高永磁同步电动机运行稳定性,更具经济效益和实用价值的永磁同步电动机的无位置传感器控制方法已经成为研究的重点。

五相永磁同步电机改进型无差拍直接转矩和磁链控制

传统无差拍直接转矩磁链控制(DB-DTFC)策略应用于五相永磁同步电机(PMSM)时存在稳态性能差、转矩和磁链耦合、谐波电流大等问题,该文提出一种改进型DB-DTFC策略。首先,为实现转矩和磁链的解耦控制,在两相静止坐标系中对定子电压与转矩和磁链之间的关系进行分析,求解满足控制要求的电压矢量。其次,设计电流和磁链观测器补偿数字控制系统的延时。再次,采用基于4个非零电压矢量的空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)技术,抑制相电流的3次谐波分量。实验结果表明,该策略计算简便,抑制了转矩和磁链脉动,降低了3次谐波电流,提升了控制系统动稳态性能。

基于PWM占空比优化的PMSM预测直接转矩控制

针对永磁同步电机PMSM(permanent magnet synchronous motors)传统直接转矩控制DTC(direct torque control)存在开关频率不规则、开关噪声的频率范围太宽和死区补偿算法复杂等问题,提出了一种基于优化脉宽调制PWM(pulse width modulation)和死区补偿的PMSM预测DTC方法。该方法首先在已知零电压矢量的基础上,根据预测转矩和磁通误差来选择2个其他有效电压矢量,与此同时,也考虑反电动势和磁通-转矩耦合器;接着,利用1个零电压矢量和2个其他有效电压矢量预测每个采样周期的转矩和磁通变化量,其中,3个电压矢量的开关周期由转矩和磁通误差以及上一步计算出的预测转矩和磁通变化量共同决定;然后,采用死区补偿算法和改进的PWM来减小死区效应,以提高预测效果;最后,通过仿真和实验验证了所提方法的有效性和优越性。研究结果表明,所提方法在转矩控制和磁通控制效果要明显优于其他方法,且极大地降低了开关损耗。

双三相永磁同步电机缺相容错运行虚拟矢量间接修正方法及其在直接转矩控制中应用

正常双三相电机直接转矩控制运行需要对基本电压矢量进行修正,采用修正后的虚拟矢量进行直接转矩控制可以抑制谐波电流。双三相电机缺一相故障直接转矩控制时,需要对电压矢量重新进行修正。该文给出了双三相电机缺一相故障情况下的电压矢量分布,提出一种双三相电机缺一相运行时虚拟矢量的间接修正方法,并且使虚拟矢量的幅值达到最大。构建双三相电机缺一相容错直接转矩控制策略,其定子磁链分区和开关表的选取规则与双三相电机正常运行时一致,其差别只是缺一相运行时十二个虚拟矢量的幅值有所减少,因此比较易于实现。实验结果验证了所提方法的正确性和可行性。