To investigate the microbial diversity and the change of the flavor substances during the traditional natural persimmon vinegar fermentation,two group samples from alcohol fermentation stage(A)and acetic acid fermenta...To investigate the microbial diversity and the change of the flavor substances during the traditional natural persimmon vinegar fermentation,two group samples from alcohol fermentation stage(A)and acetic acid fermentation stage(B)were analyzed.The results showed that Burkholderia,Lactobacillus,Acetobacter,Komagataeibacter were the main bacteria,and the major fungi were Saccharomyces,Hanseniaspora,Hortaea,and Cladosporium at the genus level.The contents of flavonoids and polyphenols in B increased by 17.91%and 26.59%compared with A,respectively.The superoxide anion scavenging activity significantly increased by 20.15%.The contents of total free amino acids were 5709.99±410.36 mg/L and 5736.16±472.02 mg/L,and the total contents of 9 organic acids were 19.89±1.20 g/L and 33.77±2.49 g/L in samples A and B,respectively.Pearson correlation analysis showed that 11 flavor compounds were related to Lactobacillus and Leuconostoc;8 and 10 compounds were respectively related to Komagataeibacter and Acetobacter;13 and 19 flavor compounds were respectively associated with Saccharomyces and Monascus.Orthogonal Partial Least Square(OPLS)model showed that the contents of Leu,Lys,and lactic acid were mainly associated with fungi,andγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)content was correlated with Lactobacillus,Acetobacter,Leuconostoc,and Saccharomyces.This study revealed the relationship between microbial diversity and flavor compounds in persimmon vinegar produced by spontaneous fermentation.The results can provide a theoretical support for the safety and health assessment of persimmon vinegar.展开更多
以兰溪大红柿为原料,采用液态静置和固态静置两种发酵方式酿制果醋,探讨其对柿果醋感官品质、营养成分、挥发性成分及体外抗氧化功效的影响。结果表明:固态发酵柿果醋醋香浓郁,酸味柔和、醇厚,感官品质更好;总酸含量高达6.551 g/100 m L...以兰溪大红柿为原料,采用液态静置和固态静置两种发酵方式酿制果醋,探讨其对柿果醋感官品质、营养成分、挥发性成分及体外抗氧化功效的影响。结果表明:固态发酵柿果醋醋香浓郁,酸味柔和、醇厚,感官品质更好;总酸含量高达6.551 g/100 m L,黄酮、多酚、蛋白质含量均显著高于液态发酵柿果醋,甚至显著高于原浆(P<0.05);固态发酵柿果醋氨基酸总量为0.778%,必需氨基酸占44.47%,除精氨酸外,其他氨基酸含量均显著高于液态发酵产品;其挥发性成分也较多,酯类化合物含量升高,尤其是乙酸乙酯(升高10%左右),新增一些香气特征较明显的γ-壬内酯、苯甲酸苯乙酯、β-大马酮、丁香酚等,这些成分共同赋予其独特的香气和风味;固态发酵柿果醋体外抗氧化能力显著高于液态发酵产品,与原浆相比略有下降,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。从感官与营养角度出发,固态静置方式更适于传统食醋酿制企业生产水果醋。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 31401672)Science and Technology Project of Henan Province(grant number 162102110056)Student Research Training Program of Henan University of Science and Technology(2021162).
文摘To investigate the microbial diversity and the change of the flavor substances during the traditional natural persimmon vinegar fermentation,two group samples from alcohol fermentation stage(A)and acetic acid fermentation stage(B)were analyzed.The results showed that Burkholderia,Lactobacillus,Acetobacter,Komagataeibacter were the main bacteria,and the major fungi were Saccharomyces,Hanseniaspora,Hortaea,and Cladosporium at the genus level.The contents of flavonoids and polyphenols in B increased by 17.91%and 26.59%compared with A,respectively.The superoxide anion scavenging activity significantly increased by 20.15%.The contents of total free amino acids were 5709.99±410.36 mg/L and 5736.16±472.02 mg/L,and the total contents of 9 organic acids were 19.89±1.20 g/L and 33.77±2.49 g/L in samples A and B,respectively.Pearson correlation analysis showed that 11 flavor compounds were related to Lactobacillus and Leuconostoc;8 and 10 compounds were respectively related to Komagataeibacter and Acetobacter;13 and 19 flavor compounds were respectively associated with Saccharomyces and Monascus.Orthogonal Partial Least Square(OPLS)model showed that the contents of Leu,Lys,and lactic acid were mainly associated with fungi,andγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)content was correlated with Lactobacillus,Acetobacter,Leuconostoc,and Saccharomyces.This study revealed the relationship between microbial diversity and flavor compounds in persimmon vinegar produced by spontaneous fermentation.The results can provide a theoretical support for the safety and health assessment of persimmon vinegar.
文摘以兰溪大红柿为原料,采用液态静置和固态静置两种发酵方式酿制果醋,探讨其对柿果醋感官品质、营养成分、挥发性成分及体外抗氧化功效的影响。结果表明:固态发酵柿果醋醋香浓郁,酸味柔和、醇厚,感官品质更好;总酸含量高达6.551 g/100 m L,黄酮、多酚、蛋白质含量均显著高于液态发酵柿果醋,甚至显著高于原浆(P<0.05);固态发酵柿果醋氨基酸总量为0.778%,必需氨基酸占44.47%,除精氨酸外,其他氨基酸含量均显著高于液态发酵产品;其挥发性成分也较多,酯类化合物含量升高,尤其是乙酸乙酯(升高10%左右),新增一些香气特征较明显的γ-壬内酯、苯甲酸苯乙酯、β-大马酮、丁香酚等,这些成分共同赋予其独特的香气和风味;固态发酵柿果醋体外抗氧化能力显著高于液态发酵产品,与原浆相比略有下降,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。从感官与营养角度出发,固态静置方式更适于传统食醋酿制企业生产水果醋。