Selected persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) and its principal metabolites 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2...Selected persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) and its principal metabolites 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)e- thane (DDD), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and its isomers (α-,β-, γ-, and δ-HCH), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), endo- sulfan, dieldrin, and endrin were quantified to determine current levels of organochlorine pesticides, to assess the eco- toxicological potential, and to distin…展开更多
This paper established a modified Leslie-Gower and Holling-type IV stochastic predator-prey model with Lévy noise and impulsive toxicant input. We study the stability in distribution of solutions by inequality te...This paper established a modified Leslie-Gower and Holling-type IV stochastic predator-prey model with Lévy noise and impulsive toxicant input. We study the stability in distribution of solutions by inequality techniques and ergodic method. By comparison method and It<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ô</span>’s formula, we obtain the sufficient conditions for the survival of each species. Some numerical simulations are introduced to show the theoretical results.展开更多
Objective To study the correlation between executive compensation gap and R&D investment of pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises in China by taking 53 pharmaceutical manufacturing companies in Shanghai and She...Objective To study the correlation between executive compensation gap and R&D investment of pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises in China by taking 53 pharmaceutical manufacturing companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2015 to 2017 as research samples. Methods Multiple linear regression methods was used to study the relationship and influence between executive compensation gap and R&D investment in pharmaceutical manufacturing industry based on championship theory and principal-agent theory. Results and Conclusion There is a significant positive correlation between executive compensation gap in pharmaceutical manufacturing industry and enterprise R&D investment. Listed pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises should design reasonable salary gap between senior executives and carry out reasonable research and development activities to promote the sustainable development of pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises. This study provides theoretical basis for optimizing executive compensation gap and increasing R&D investment in pharmaceutical manufacturing industry.展开更多
Objective To study the possible relationship between the output of new products in China’s pharmaceutical industry and the investment in research and development(R&D),and to provide a theoretical basis for the de...Objective To study the possible relationship between the output of new products in China’s pharmaceutical industry and the investment in research and development(R&D),and to provide a theoretical basis for the decision-making of relevant enterprises and institutions.Methods The econometric software Stata 14 was used to perform unit root test on the relevant data.Then,a co-integration regression equation was established after stabilization,which was analyzed through co-integration test(E-G two-step method).Results and Conclusion There is a long-term equilibrium and short-term error correction relationship between the output of new products and the investment of R&D funds in China’s pharmaceutical industry.During the lagging periods from 1 to 6,R&D investment is the Granger reason for the output of new products.The investment of R&D funds has a positive effect on the output of new products and the effect is significant.Therefore,more investment should be made in R&D to enhance the output of new products.展开更多
基金1Project supported by the National Key Basic Research Support Foundation (NKBRSF) of China (No. 2002CB410805)and the Outstanding Youth Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40325001).
文摘Selected persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) and its principal metabolites 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)e- thane (DDD), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and its isomers (α-,β-, γ-, and δ-HCH), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), endo- sulfan, dieldrin, and endrin were quantified to determine current levels of organochlorine pesticides, to assess the eco- toxicological potential, and to distin…
文摘This paper established a modified Leslie-Gower and Holling-type IV stochastic predator-prey model with Lévy noise and impulsive toxicant input. We study the stability in distribution of solutions by inequality techniques and ergodic method. By comparison method and It<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ô</span>’s formula, we obtain the sufficient conditions for the survival of each species. Some numerical simulations are introduced to show the theoretical results.
文摘Objective To study the correlation between executive compensation gap and R&D investment of pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises in China by taking 53 pharmaceutical manufacturing companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2015 to 2017 as research samples. Methods Multiple linear regression methods was used to study the relationship and influence between executive compensation gap and R&D investment in pharmaceutical manufacturing industry based on championship theory and principal-agent theory. Results and Conclusion There is a significant positive correlation between executive compensation gap in pharmaceutical manufacturing industry and enterprise R&D investment. Listed pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises should design reasonable salary gap between senior executives and carry out reasonable research and development activities to promote the sustainable development of pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises. This study provides theoretical basis for optimizing executive compensation gap and increasing R&D investment in pharmaceutical manufacturing industry.
基金Research on Innovation and Development Strategy of Pharmaceutical Industry in Liaoning Province(2020lslktyb-095).
文摘Objective To study the possible relationship between the output of new products in China’s pharmaceutical industry and the investment in research and development(R&D),and to provide a theoretical basis for the decision-making of relevant enterprises and institutions.Methods The econometric software Stata 14 was used to perform unit root test on the relevant data.Then,a co-integration regression equation was established after stabilization,which was analyzed through co-integration test(E-G two-step method).Results and Conclusion There is a long-term equilibrium and short-term error correction relationship between the output of new products and the investment of R&D funds in China’s pharmaceutical industry.During the lagging periods from 1 to 6,R&D investment is the Granger reason for the output of new products.The investment of R&D funds has a positive effect on the output of new products and the effect is significant.Therefore,more investment should be made in R&D to enhance the output of new products.
