Exposure to persistent organic pollutants(POPs)has been reported as a potential risk factor for diabetes in adults.However,effect modifications by sex and age,especially among Asian populations,have seldom been invest...Exposure to persistent organic pollutants(POPs)has been reported as a potential risk factor for diabetes in adults.However,effect modifications by sex and age,especially among Asian populations,have seldom been investigated.In the present study,we assessed associations of major POPs exposure including organochlorine pesticides(OCPs),polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),and polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs),with diabetes in Korean adults(n=1,295),a subset of the Korean National Environmental Health Survey(KoNEHS)Cycle 3(2015−2017).In the adult population,serum levels of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes(DDTs)and PCB167 showed an increased odds ratio(OR)for diabetes.When stratified by gender,associations became stronger and more consistent in women:In women,serum levels of OCPs including p,p′-DDT,p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene(p,p′-DDE),andΣOCPs and mono-ortho PCBs,such as PCB118 and PCB157,were significantly associated with diabetes.In the male participants,however,no significant positive associations were detected.When stratified by a cutoff age of 50 years,most studied POPs except PBDEs,i.e.,p,p′-DDT,p,p′-DDE,PCB118,PCB157,PCB167,PCB138,and PCB153,showed significant associations with diabetes,in the older adults.In the younger group,however,no measured POPs showed a significant positive association.Effects of endogenous sex hormones or interaction of POPs on aryl hydrocarbon receptors may partly explain the observed differences by gender and age,although further experimental confirmations should follow.Our findings show that POPs exposure at the current levels is associated with diabetes among general Korean adults,and such associations could be modified by gender and age.展开更多
The development of Persistent Organic Pollutants(POPs) control policy in China in the context of international concerns on POPs was reviewed. The aspects of the Chinese POPs control strategies were analyzed, and compa...The development of Persistent Organic Pollutants(POPs) control policy in China in the context of international concerns on POPs was reviewed. The aspects of the Chinese POPs control strategies were analyzed, and compared with those of developed counterparts (e.g. US, EU, Japan). Currently, while the legal framework on POPs management, which complies with international guidelines has been established, it should be improved in the areas of special POPs management, risk assessment, the precautionary principle, life-cycle management and technical support capacity. The analysis of Chinese POPs policy and suggestions for strengthening the science-based decision making capacity are not only useful for Chinese decision-makers, but also a case study for developing world and make a great contribution for the global elimination of POPs to make a toxic-free future.展开更多
The fate of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and their interactions with aggregates of forest soils are not completely understood. Our objectives here were to quantify the distribution of different POPs in water-s...The fate of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and their interactions with aggregates of forest soils are not completely understood. Our objectives here were to quantify the distribution of different POPs in water-stable aggregate fractions and to study their influence on soil organic carbon (C<sub>org</sub>) content. Soil samples were taken from a forest-site, Gogerddan (G) and a semi-rural site, Hazelrigg (H) in Great Britain, from 0-2 and 2-5 cm and 0-4 and 8-12 cm soil depth, respectively. POPs analyzed were PAHs, PCBs, total DDT, PBDEs and HCB. The bulk soil analysis showed that the concentration of POPs was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in forest site G than in semi-rural site H, particularly at the surface soil levels compared to the subsurface soil depths in both sites. Total concentrations of PCBs and PAHs of both sites were positively correlated with C<sub>org</sub> contents. POPs concentrations and C<sub>org</sub>, N<sub>t</sub> contents of forest site G were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in water-stable macro aggregates (>0.25, >1, >2 mm) than the micro aggregates (>0.053 mm). The POP concentrations of all aggregate fractions after normalizing to their respective C<sub>org</sub> content were increased due higher contamination and strong sorption by C<sub>org</sub>. These results showed a strong effect of C<sub>org</sub> on the partitioning of organic pollutants to soil aggregate size fractions. The present study affirms the ecological significance of forest soils act as a potential sink of POPs. In summary, our results suggest that aggregate fractions may promote soil C storage and act as a potential POP sink in surface soil without increasing their concentration in the aggregate fraction of subsoil.展开更多
Production and pollution control situations of dioxins persistent organic pollutants in Guangxi were introduced.Pollution status of dioxins persistent organic pollutants in Guangxi was understood,and the existing prob...Production and pollution control situations of dioxins persistent organic pollutants in Guangxi were introduced.Pollution status of dioxins persistent organic pollutants in Guangxi was understood,and the existing problems in pollution control were analyzed,and finally pollution control countermeasures and suggestions were proposed.展开更多
The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (SCPOPs) is an international treaty that operates under the patronage of the United Nations (UN) to control certain chemicals that are considered persistent or...The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (SCPOPs) is an international treaty that operates under the patronage of the United Nations (UN) to control certain chemicals that are considered persistent organic pollutants (POPs). They are of great concern because of their adverse effects on human health and the environment. Exposure to POPs may lead to cancer, infertility, respiratory infections, and other health complications. It is therefore critical to study the degree of human and environmental exposure to these POPs. Passive air sampling was conducted in South Africa to evaluate the presence and trends of persistent organic pollutants at Barberspan (rural agricultural), Vanderbijl Park (urban industrial) and Molopo Nature Reserve (isolated nature reserve). Samples were collected in 2012. Passive air samplers using poly were used for sampling. The Buchi System B-811 automatic extractor was used to analyze for dichloro-diphenyl-trichlorethane (DDT), pentachlorobenzene (PeCB), hexechlorobenzene (HCB) polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH). Sampling was conducted for a period of one year. POPs concentrations were generally low at all sites, but Vanderbijl Park had the highest concentrations. Seasonal changes in concentrations were much the same at the three sites with temperatures and wind patterns being major factors. The presence of these chemicals in Molopo Nature Reserve and Barberspan is evidence of long range transportation over dry semi desert areas. Back-trajectories indicate possible sources, including areas where DDT is used for malaria control. The presence of POPs is areas they have never been in use poses health and environmental risks in these areas.展开更多
Lakes are the main reservoirs of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)from land,atmo sphere and rivers.POPs in lakes undergo complex exchange,transformation,and degradation between water-air-sediment-biota interfaces,wh...Lakes are the main reservoirs of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)from land,atmo sphere and rivers.POPs in lakes undergo complex exchange,transformation,and degradation between water-air-sediment-biota interfaces,which are constrained and regulated by various physical,chemical and biological factors.POPs can affect ecological conditions,chemical properties of water and sedi ments,and biodiversity of the lake system.Therefore,it is important to study the sources,migration,transformation,environmental behavior and ecological impacts of POPs in lake ecosystems.This re view summarizes research progress on detection technologies,diversity and origins,historical records,migration and transformation,distribution patterns,degradation and toxic effects of POPs in lakes.Fi nally,future directions related to POPs in lakes were summarized.展开更多
Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)and organochlorine pesticides(OCPs)are persistent organic pollutants(POPs)that bioaccumulate in adipose tissue.We investigated the relationship between change in central adiposity and ch...Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)and organochlorine pesticides(OCPs)are persistent organic pollutants(POPs)that bioaccumulate in adipose tissue.We investigated the relationship between change in central adiposity and changes in circulating concentrations of POPs over a 12-year period during the midlife.Serum concentrations of 34 PCBs and 19 OCPs were measured at four time points(1999/2000,2002/03,2005/06,2009/11)in a cohort of midlife women,the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation.Linear mixed models were used to test the association between a change in waist circumference and a change in serum POP concentrations.Sixty-five women contributed 181 PCB observations.Fifty-nine women contributed 151 OCP observations.After adjustment for covariates(study site,race and ethnicity,age at baseline,parity),a one-inch(2.54 cm)increase in the change in waist circumference between visits was associated with a 4.9%decrease in the change in serum concentration of PCB 194(95%CI:−8.0%,−1.6%).No associations were observed for other PCB congeners or the presence of OCPs.An increase in the difference in waist circumference over time was not associated with a change in the difference in serum concentrations of PCBs and OCPs except for PCB 194,possibly due to the high lipophilicity.展开更多
The current understanding of the legacy and emerging organic pollutants in the soil of Bangladesh remains limited.Inadequate disposal practices,particularly in e-waste,landfills,and industrial operations,may lead to t...The current understanding of the legacy and emerging organic pollutants in the soil of Bangladesh remains limited.Inadequate disposal practices,particularly in e-waste,landfills,and industrial operations,may lead to the pervasive presence of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in the country.This study aimed to systematically investigate the concentrations,sources,and risk assessment of halogenated flame retardants(HFRs),polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),polychlorinated naphthalenes(PCNs),organochlorine pesticides(OCPs),chlorinated paraffins(CPs),and PAHs in the contaminated soil of Dhaka's dumpsites,e-waste,and industrial areas collected in 2017.The total concentration of investigated pollutants averaged at 4790±4040 ng g^(-1)dw,with the following order:P44CPs(4110±4140 ng g^(-1)dw)>P16PAHs(422±491 ng g^(-1)dw)>P16HFRs(190±538 ng g^(-1)dw)>P209PCBs(43.5±73.5 ng g^(-1)dw)>P50PCNs(17.7±21.0 ng g^(-1)dw)>P27OCPs(9.41±9.61 ng g^(-1)dw).The e-waste site exhibited the highest total concentration of the target pollutants,reaching 12,700 ng g1 dw.CPs were the predominant contributors,accounting for averages of 81.8%,70.5%,and 68.5%to waste landfills,e-waste,and industrial sites,respectively.A comprehensive analysis of 209 PCB congeners revealed their primary origin from Aroclor PCBs,with minor contributions from unintentionally produced PCBs.The highest incremental lifetime carcinogenic risk(ILCR)occurred in e-waste sites,contributed by dioxin-like PCBs,with a maximum value of 5.9×10^(-5)for adults,exceeding the limit 1.0×10^(-6)set by the U.S.EPA.The non-carcinogenic hazard quotients(HQs)were much lower,suggesting no significant risk from the investigated pollutants.Our findings highlight the importance of proper waste management and regulated e-waste recycling to mitigate potential hazardous risks to the Bangladeshi population.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Institute of Environmental Research funded by the Ministry of Environment(MOE)of Korea(NIER-2019-01-02-082)National Research Foundation(NRF)of Korea(NRF-2020R1A2C3011269 and NRF-2022R1C1C2006982).
文摘Exposure to persistent organic pollutants(POPs)has been reported as a potential risk factor for diabetes in adults.However,effect modifications by sex and age,especially among Asian populations,have seldom been investigated.In the present study,we assessed associations of major POPs exposure including organochlorine pesticides(OCPs),polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),and polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs),with diabetes in Korean adults(n=1,295),a subset of the Korean National Environmental Health Survey(KoNEHS)Cycle 3(2015−2017).In the adult population,serum levels of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes(DDTs)and PCB167 showed an increased odds ratio(OR)for diabetes.When stratified by gender,associations became stronger and more consistent in women:In women,serum levels of OCPs including p,p′-DDT,p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene(p,p′-DDE),andΣOCPs and mono-ortho PCBs,such as PCB118 and PCB157,were significantly associated with diabetes.In the male participants,however,no significant positive associations were detected.When stratified by a cutoff age of 50 years,most studied POPs except PBDEs,i.e.,p,p′-DDT,p,p′-DDE,PCB118,PCB157,PCB167,PCB138,and PCB153,showed significant associations with diabetes,in the older adults.In the younger group,however,no measured POPs showed a significant positive association.Effects of endogenous sex hormones or interaction of POPs on aryl hydrocarbon receptors may partly explain the observed differences by gender and age,although further experimental confirmations should follow.Our findings show that POPs exposure at the current levels is associated with diabetes among general Korean adults,and such associations could be modified by gender and age.
文摘The development of Persistent Organic Pollutants(POPs) control policy in China in the context of international concerns on POPs was reviewed. The aspects of the Chinese POPs control strategies were analyzed, and compared with those of developed counterparts (e.g. US, EU, Japan). Currently, while the legal framework on POPs management, which complies with international guidelines has been established, it should be improved in the areas of special POPs management, risk assessment, the precautionary principle, life-cycle management and technical support capacity. The analysis of Chinese POPs policy and suggestions for strengthening the science-based decision making capacity are not only useful for Chinese decision-makers, but also a case study for developing world and make a great contribution for the global elimination of POPs to make a toxic-free future.
基金financed by the Higher Education Commission(HEC) of Pakistan and German Academic Exchange Service(DAAD)
文摘The fate of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and their interactions with aggregates of forest soils are not completely understood. Our objectives here were to quantify the distribution of different POPs in water-stable aggregate fractions and to study their influence on soil organic carbon (C<sub>org</sub>) content. Soil samples were taken from a forest-site, Gogerddan (G) and a semi-rural site, Hazelrigg (H) in Great Britain, from 0-2 and 2-5 cm and 0-4 and 8-12 cm soil depth, respectively. POPs analyzed were PAHs, PCBs, total DDT, PBDEs and HCB. The bulk soil analysis showed that the concentration of POPs was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in forest site G than in semi-rural site H, particularly at the surface soil levels compared to the subsurface soil depths in both sites. Total concentrations of PCBs and PAHs of both sites were positively correlated with C<sub>org</sub> contents. POPs concentrations and C<sub>org</sub>, N<sub>t</sub> contents of forest site G were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in water-stable macro aggregates (>0.25, >1, >2 mm) than the micro aggregates (>0.053 mm). The POP concentrations of all aggregate fractions after normalizing to their respective C<sub>org</sub> content were increased due higher contamination and strong sorption by C<sub>org</sub>. These results showed a strong effect of C<sub>org</sub> on the partitioning of organic pollutants to soil aggregate size fractions. The present study affirms the ecological significance of forest soils act as a potential sink of POPs. In summary, our results suggest that aggregate fractions may promote soil C storage and act as a potential POP sink in surface soil without increasing their concentration in the aggregate fraction of subsoil.
文摘Production and pollution control situations of dioxins persistent organic pollutants in Guangxi were introduced.Pollution status of dioxins persistent organic pollutants in Guangxi was understood,and the existing problems in pollution control were analyzed,and finally pollution control countermeasures and suggestions were proposed.
文摘The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (SCPOPs) is an international treaty that operates under the patronage of the United Nations (UN) to control certain chemicals that are considered persistent organic pollutants (POPs). They are of great concern because of their adverse effects on human health and the environment. Exposure to POPs may lead to cancer, infertility, respiratory infections, and other health complications. It is therefore critical to study the degree of human and environmental exposure to these POPs. Passive air sampling was conducted in South Africa to evaluate the presence and trends of persistent organic pollutants at Barberspan (rural agricultural), Vanderbijl Park (urban industrial) and Molopo Nature Reserve (isolated nature reserve). Samples were collected in 2012. Passive air samplers using poly were used for sampling. The Buchi System B-811 automatic extractor was used to analyze for dichloro-diphenyl-trichlorethane (DDT), pentachlorobenzene (PeCB), hexechlorobenzene (HCB) polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH). Sampling was conducted for a period of one year. POPs concentrations were generally low at all sites, but Vanderbijl Park had the highest concentrations. Seasonal changes in concentrations were much the same at the three sites with temperatures and wind patterns being major factors. The presence of these chemicals in Molopo Nature Reserve and Barberspan is evidence of long range transportation over dry semi desert areas. Back-trajectories indicate possible sources, including areas where DDT is used for malaria control. The presence of POPs is areas they have never been in use poses health and environmental risks in these areas.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42172336).
文摘Lakes are the main reservoirs of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)from land,atmo sphere and rivers.POPs in lakes undergo complex exchange,transformation,and degradation between water-air-sediment-biota interfaces,which are constrained and regulated by various physical,chemical and biological factors.POPs can affect ecological conditions,chemical properties of water and sedi ments,and biodiversity of the lake system.Therefore,it is important to study the sources,migration,transformation,environmental behavior and ecological impacts of POPs in lake ecosystems.This re view summarizes research progress on detection technologies,diversity and origins,historical records,migration and transformation,distribution patterns,degradation and toxic effects of POPs in lakes.Fi nally,future directions related to POPs in lakes were summarized.
基金The Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation(SWAN)has grant support from the National Institutes of Health(NIH),DHHS,through the National Institute on Aging(NIA),the National Institute of Nursing Research(NINR),and the NIH Office of Research on Women’s Health(ORWH)(Grants U01NR004061,U01AG012505,U01AG012535,U01AG012531,U01AG012539,U01AG012546,U01AG012553,U01AG012554,U01AG012495,and U19AG063720)supported by the SWAN Repository(U01AG017719)+3 种基金the National Center for Research Resources and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences,National Institutes of Health,through UCSFCTSI Grant Number UL1 RR024131supported by grants from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences(NIEHS)R01-ES026578,R01-ES026964,and P30-ES017885the Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)/National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)Grant T42-OH008455supported by the Environmental Toxicology and Epidemiology(ETEP)training grant from NIEHS(T32 ES007062).
文摘Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)and organochlorine pesticides(OCPs)are persistent organic pollutants(POPs)that bioaccumulate in adipose tissue.We investigated the relationship between change in central adiposity and changes in circulating concentrations of POPs over a 12-year period during the midlife.Serum concentrations of 34 PCBs and 19 OCPs were measured at four time points(1999/2000,2002/03,2005/06,2009/11)in a cohort of midlife women,the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation.Linear mixed models were used to test the association between a change in waist circumference and a change in serum POP concentrations.Sixty-five women contributed 181 PCB observations.Fifty-nine women contributed 151 OCP observations.After adjustment for covariates(study site,race and ethnicity,age at baseline,parity),a one-inch(2.54 cm)increase in the change in waist circumference between visits was associated with a 4.9%decrease in the change in serum concentration of PCB 194(95%CI:−8.0%,−1.6%).No associations were observed for other PCB congeners or the presence of OCPs.An increase in the difference in waist circumference over time was not associated with a change in the difference in serum concentrations of PCBs and OCPs except for PCB 194,possibly due to the high lipophilicity.
基金supported by the Alliance of International Science Organizations(Grant No.ANSO-CR-KP-2021-05)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42107120)+4 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021A0505020017,2023B1515020067 and 2023B0303000007)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(2022359)the Tuguangchi Award for Excellent Young Scholar GIG(TGC202204)the CAS-TWAS President's Fellowship Programs(2018A8016537001)the Chinese Academy of Sciences President's International Fellowship Initiative(2024VCA0015).
文摘The current understanding of the legacy and emerging organic pollutants in the soil of Bangladesh remains limited.Inadequate disposal practices,particularly in e-waste,landfills,and industrial operations,may lead to the pervasive presence of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in the country.This study aimed to systematically investigate the concentrations,sources,and risk assessment of halogenated flame retardants(HFRs),polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),polychlorinated naphthalenes(PCNs),organochlorine pesticides(OCPs),chlorinated paraffins(CPs),and PAHs in the contaminated soil of Dhaka's dumpsites,e-waste,and industrial areas collected in 2017.The total concentration of investigated pollutants averaged at 4790±4040 ng g^(-1)dw,with the following order:P44CPs(4110±4140 ng g^(-1)dw)>P16PAHs(422±491 ng g^(-1)dw)>P16HFRs(190±538 ng g^(-1)dw)>P209PCBs(43.5±73.5 ng g^(-1)dw)>P50PCNs(17.7±21.0 ng g^(-1)dw)>P27OCPs(9.41±9.61 ng g^(-1)dw).The e-waste site exhibited the highest total concentration of the target pollutants,reaching 12,700 ng g1 dw.CPs were the predominant contributors,accounting for averages of 81.8%,70.5%,and 68.5%to waste landfills,e-waste,and industrial sites,respectively.A comprehensive analysis of 209 PCB congeners revealed their primary origin from Aroclor PCBs,with minor contributions from unintentionally produced PCBs.The highest incremental lifetime carcinogenic risk(ILCR)occurred in e-waste sites,contributed by dioxin-like PCBs,with a maximum value of 5.9×10^(-5)for adults,exceeding the limit 1.0×10^(-6)set by the U.S.EPA.The non-carcinogenic hazard quotients(HQs)were much lower,suggesting no significant risk from the investigated pollutants.Our findings highlight the importance of proper waste management and regulated e-waste recycling to mitigate potential hazardous risks to the Bangladeshi population.
