Ni-B/TiO_2 Amorphous Catalyst Used in Heavy Arenes of Petrochemicals Hydrogenation

A supported Ni-B/TiO2 amorphous catalyst was prepared by impregnation and reduction. It was characterized by XRD, SAED, DSC, XPS, etc.. The catalytic activity of catalyst was measured through the hydrogenation of heavy arenes in petrochemicals for the first time.

China's Petrochemicals

China’s petrochemical enterprises are one of the key industrial sectors of China’s national economy. Among China’s top 50 state-owned enterprises, there are a dozen petrochemical enterprises.

Synthetic Rubber Plant of Yanhua Petrochemicals

ＴｈｅＢｅｉｊｉｎｇ－ｂａｓｅｄＳｙｎｔｈｅｔｉｃＲｕｂｂｅｒＰｌａｎｔｏｆｔｈｅＹａｎｈｕａＰｅｔｒｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌＣｏ．Ｌｔｄ．ｉｓＣｈｉｎａ’ｓｌａｒｇｅｓｔｅｎｔｅｒｐｒｉｓｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｉｎｇｓｙｎｔｈｅｔｉｃｒｕｂｂｅｒ．Ｂｕ...

Petrochemicals:still in the spotlight

The 2nd Annual Oil Refinery and Petrochemical Summit was held byLnoppen in Beijing from June 28th to 29th,2007.Attendees from Shell,BASF,CNPC and Sinopec Group shared their excellenl opinions andviewpoints at the summit.A researcher of the National Development and Reform Commission ata petrochemical summit held in Shanghai on June 30th predicted

Application of Large Language Models in Data Governance in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industry

This paper delves into the current application, challenges, and demands of data governance in the oil and gas industry, as well as methods and implementation strategies to enhance data governance efficacy through the latest technologies such as large language models and algorithm optimization. Through the analysis of the current application status of large language models in intelligent data classification, data quality improvement, knowledge extraction and management, and intelligent search and information retrieval, the main challenges and demands faced by the petroleum and petrochemical industry in data governance have been revealed. A set of data governance optimization solutions tailored for the oil and gas industry has been proposed. These solutions aim to address the current data management challenges in the industry through advanced data processing technologies and algorithmic optimization, enhance the efficiency and quality of data governance, and thereby support the digital transformation and development of the oil and gas industry.

Effect of Metal Contamination on the Performance of Catalyst for Deep Catalytic Cracking Process

The effect of different metal contamination levels of catalysts for Deep Catalytic Cracking(DCC) on the distribution and selectivity of DCC products was investigated in a FCC pilot unit. The pilot test results showed that the effects of the metal contamination level of catalyst on the propylene yield,the coke yield,the LPG yield,the gasoline yield,the selectivity of low carbon olefins,and coke selectivity was significant,and that the influence of metal contamination level on the conversion and dry gas yield was minor.

Study on the Performance and Commercial Application of New Generation DMMC-1 Type Catalyst for Deep Catalytic Cracking

Over the past decades SINOPEC has been uninterruptedly engaging in the development and upgrading of deep catalytic cracking （DCC） technology for manufacturing propylene from heavy oil. Recently SINOPEC after having made a lot of progress in the area of oil refining at the molecular level has developed a new generation DMMC-1 type catalyst designed for the DCC process. The laboratory evaluation tests have shown that compared to the existing MMC-2 type catalyst that features the best comprehensive performance, the DMMC-1 type catalyst has increased the propylene yield by 2.2% with the propylene selectivity increased by 10%. The said catalyst has improved its ability for heavy oil cracking and coke selectivity along with reduction of olefin content in gasoline to achieve a better product distribution and improve the product quality. The results of application of the said catalyst in a 650-kt/a commercial DCC unit at SINOPEC Anqing Branch Company have revealed that the DMMC- 1 catalyst demonstrated an enhanced capability for heavy oil cracking and could increase the total liquid yield to 84.56 m% from 83.92 m%, the LPG yield to 38.90 m % from 34.60 m %, the propylene yield to 17.80 m% from 15.37 m% and the propylene concentration to 45.91 m% from 44.91 m%, and reduce the coke yield from 7.61 m% to 7.05 m% and the olefin content in gasoline from 42.3 v% to 37.5 v%, resulting in an incremental profit amounting to 52.19 million RMB a year. This technology has further upgraded and developed the DCC technology which has been commanding a leading position among the industry peers.

石油化工企业清洁生产措施分析

中国石化集团公司的炼油化工企业近年来实施了一系列清洁生产措施,取得了一些成绩,但同时也存在一些问题,对目前中国石化炼油化工企业在实施清洁生产方面所采取的措施和今后的努力方向进行了分析。

Steam Reforming of Natural Gas： A Value Addition to Natural Gas Utilization in Nigeria

Petrochemicals play a vital role in the economy of any nation. The products of the industry are the building blocks in many industries as they deepen the forward and backward linkages of the petroleum sector with the rest of the economy. The industry uses a variety of hydrocarbon feedstock such as different cuts of naphtha from refinery and natural gas. One of the problems facing the industry is lack of reliable feedstock supplies. Nigeria has the potential to be a major petrochemicals producer. With proven gas reserves currently estimated at 187 tcf, not much has been accomplished with respect to the effective exploitation and utilization of this resource as most of the nation＇s natural gas production has been flared, liquefied for export or re-injected to enhance greater crude oil recovery. It has become imperative to further find ways to exploit and utilize the nation＇s natural gas reserves and translate it to the improvement of the nation＇s economy. Steam reforming of natural gas is one of the avenues for conversion of natural gas to petrochemicals. This paper, however, reviews various ways of utilizing natural gas, examines the process details of steam reforming of natural gas as a route to optimized natural gas utilization and industrialization in Nigeria. Syngas （synthesis gas） is a versatile feedstock for most petrochemicals and chemical intermediates. Thus utilizing natural gas in this way would strengthen the petrochemical industry making it possible for the country to change from raw materials to value-added products supplier, boost the economy and solve the ＂hydra-headed＂ problem of unemployment in Nigeria with its multiplier employment effect.

One Dimensional Evolution Modeling of Source Rocks in the Chaluhe Basin, Yitong Graben

Chaluhe Basin is in Jilin Province of China with a cumulative sedimentary rock thickness of about 6000 meters and has four subdivisions: Wanchang Structural High, Bo-Tai Sag, Xinanpu Sag, Liangjia Structure High and the Gudian Slope. The basin with its better source rock distribution and more favorable maturation indicators than the adjacent Moliqing and Luxiang Basins is expected to be a potential hydrocarbon-producing basin. Four (4) wells were used in determining the maturation hydrocarbon generating potential of the mudstone beds present in the Eocene Formations (Shuangyang, Sheling and Yongji). Obtained result revealed heat flow average of 71.8 mW/m2, oil generation between 3.15 mg/g TOC and 39.49 mg/g TOC with gas generation of 6.98 mg/g TOC to 92.83 mg/g TOC. In conclusion the Eocene Shuangyang mudstone is the main petroleum source rock.

Two Dimensional Evolution Modeling of Source Rocks in the Chaluhe Basin, Yitong Graben

Yitong Graben in Jilin Province of China, hosts three basins, namely: Chaluhe, Luxiang and Moliqing basins. The Chaluhe basin, as the focal point of this study has five subdivisions, thus, Bo-Tai sag, Wanchang Structural high, Liangjia Structure high Xinanpu sag, and the Gudian slope, with a cumulative sedimentary rock thickness of about 6000 metres. The basin is supposed to be a potential hydrocarbon-producing basin with its better source rock distribution and more favorable maturation indicators than the adjacent Luxiang and Moliqing Basin. Determining whether the mudstone beds present in the Eocene Formations are matured enough to generate hydrocarbons, three (3) wells with Seismic Lines (clh02, clh05 and clh07) were used for the study. It is observed that the entire region from NW to SE in the source rocks is mature to produce oil and gas. At depths of about 2400 m and below show good maturity with vitrinite reflectance values averaging 1.02% Ro. The Eocene Shuangyang mudstone is the main petroleum source rock.

Pretreatment of Wastewater Streams from Petroleum/Petrochemical Industries Using Coagulation

Coagulation-flocculation processes using different types of conventional coagulants, namely, ferric chloride (FeCl3), aluminum sulfate (AL2(SO4)3·18H2O), lime and ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) were investigated using the Jar-test technique. A further aim is to determine the optimum conditions for the treatment of industrial wastewater effluents i.e. coagulant dosage, mixing rate, temperature and pH control. Under optimal condition of process parameters, coagulation/flocculation process was able to lower the turbidity well below the permissible level (1.8 NTU). The results indicate that ferric chloride had superior efficiency compared with other coagulants with efficient dose of 800 mg/l. The optimal initial pH of the effluents that enhanced the turbidity removal was 8.6. The temperature showed no significant effect on the turbidity removal.

Recovery of vanadium and molybdenum from spent petrochemical catalyst by microwave-assisted leaching

The study of the leaching of vanadium(V) and molybdenum(Mo) from spent petrochemical catalysts in sodium hydroxide(NaO H) medium was performed using two approaches, namely, conventional leaching and microwave-assisted leaching methods. The influence of microwave power, leaching time, leaching temperature, and NaOH concentration on the leaching efficiency of spent petrochemical catalyst was investigated. Under microwave-assisted conditions(600 W, 10 min, 90°C, 2.0 mol·L^(-1) NaOH, and 0.20 g·mL^(-1) solid–liquid ratio), the leaching efficiencies of V and Mo reached 94.35% and 96.23%, respectively. It has been confirmed that microwave energy has considerable potential to enhance the efficiency of the leaching process and reduce the leaching time. It is suggested that the enhancement of the leaching efficiencies of V and Mo can be attributed to the existence of a thermal gradient between solid and liquid and the generation of cracks on the mineral surface.

Trends in the incidence of cryptorchidism and hypospadias of registry-based data in Korea： a comparison between industrialized areas of petrochemical estates and a non-industrialized area

This study aimed to represent the recent trends in the nationwide incidence of cryptorchidism and hypospadias in Korea, and to determine whether there is evidence of spatial heterogeneity in the incidence. The incidence was calculated as the number of newly diagnosed patients （males） during the first 4 years after a live birth in a population, nationally and regionally （a non-industrialized area （Chuncheon） and petrochemical estates （Yeocheon and Ulsan））, between 2000 and 2005. The data （numerator） for new patients were acquired from the National Health Insurance Review Agency, and the data （denominator） for the resident registration population were from the National Statistical Office. Between 2000 and 2005, the national incidence of cryptorchidism and hypospadias had an increased tendency from 5.01 to 17.43 per 10 000 persons and from 1.40 to 3.28 per 10 000 persons, respectively. The incidence of cryptorchidism was significantly higher in Yeocheon （throughout the study period） and in Ulsan （2001, 2002, 2004 and 2005） than the national incidence, whereas the incidence in Chuncheon was significantly lower in 2001 and 2002. It was difficult to compare the rates of hypospadias yearly and regionally because of the small number of cases. In conclusion, the incidence of cryptorchidism has recently increased in Korea. The petrochemical estates, Yeocheon and Ulsan, had a significantly higher incidence of cyptorchidism than the national incidence, which suggests that further study is needed to obtain a more precise estimation of the trends in the incidence of the anomalies and to confirm the association between petrochemicals and the anomalies.

Smart Manufacturing for the Oil Refining and Petrochemical Industry

Smart manufacturing will transform the oil refining and petrochemical sector into a connected, information-driven environment. Using real-time and high-value support systems, smart manufacturing enables a coor-dinated and performance-oriented manufacturing enterprise that responds quickly to customer demandsand minimizes energy and material usage, while radically improving sustainability, productivity, innovation,and economic competitiveness. In this paper, several examples of the application of so-called ＂smart manu-facturing＂ for the petrochemical sector are demonstrated, such as the fault detection of a catalytic crackingunit driven by big data, advanced optimization for the planning and scheduling of oil refinery sites, andmore. Key scientific factors and challenges for the further smart manufacturing of chemical and petrochem-ical orocesses are identified.

Characterization and analysis of petrochemical wastewater through particle size distribution, biodegradability, and chemical composition

The centralized treatment method is a widely used form of wastewater treatment that tends to be less effective at removing toxic substances. Therefore, a detailed analysis of the composition of wastewater can provide important information for the design of an effective wastewater treatment process. The objective of this paper was to investigate particle size distribution(PSD), biodegradability, and the chemical composition of the petrochemical wastewater discharges. For this purpose, this project selected the petrochemical wastewater and treated wastewater of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Zhongjie Petrochemical Co, Ltd. as the analysis objects.The step-by-step filtration method, along with a molecular weight classification method, was selected to build the chemical oxygen demand(COD) and biochemical oxygen demand(BOD) fingerprints of petrochemical wastewater and treated wastewater. The results showed that the main pollutants were settleable particles in petrochemical wastewater, which contributed to over 54.85% of the total COD. The colloidal particles with particle sizes in the range of 450–1000 nm had the highest COD value in the treated wastewater, which contributed34.17% of the total COD of treated wastewater. The results of the BOD analysis showed that the soluble fractions were the main reason that treated wastewaters did not meet the treatment standards. Tests on the organic compounds in petrochemical wastewater found that there were mainly linear paraffins, branched paraffins, benzene series compounds, and some plasticizers in the influent of the petrochemical wastewater. The most abundant pollutants in treated petrochemical wastewater were the adjacent diisobutyl phthalate and the linear alkanes.Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) transmission spectroscopy analysis showed that the settleable particles of petrochemical wastewater and membrane bioreactor(MBR)-treated wastewater contained multiple types of organic substances. The results also indicated that removing the oil-settleable substances, the colloidal particles(450–1000 nm), and the soluble organics will be necessary for the treatment of petrochemical wastewater.

Congratulate Academician Wanzhen LU 90th Birthday

This coming September will mark the 90th birthday of Academician Wanzhen LU,one of the best scientists in the field of analytical chemistry and petroleum chemistry both in China and around the world.Academician LU was born in Tianjin,Peoples’Republic of China on September 29,1924.Her father is a famous

Petrochemical wastewater treatment with a pilot-scale bioaugmented biological treatment system

In solving the deterioration of biological treatment system treating petrochemical wastewater under low temperatures, bioaugmentation technology was adopted by delivering engineering bacteria into a pilot-scale two-stage anoxic-oxic (A/O) process based on previous lab-scale study. Experimental results showed that when the concentrations of COD and NH4+-N of the influent were 370~910 mg/L and 10~70 mg/L, the corresponding average concentrations of those of effluent were about 80 mg/L and 8 mg/L respectively, which was better than the Level I criteria of the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8978-1996). According to GC-MS analysis of the effluents from both the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and the pilot system, there were 68 kinds of persistent organic pollutants in the WWTP effluent, while there were only 32 in that of the pilot system. In addition, the amount of the organics in the effluent of the pilot system reduced by almost 50% compared to that of the WWTP. As a whole, after bioaugmentation, the organic removal efficiency of the wastewater treatment system obviously in- creased.