As one of the important materials in landscaping for flower terrace and border, Petunia hybrida needs high environmental conditions and its growth is seriously influenced by the drought. Silicon is considered to be a ...As one of the important materials in landscaping for flower terrace and border, Petunia hybrida needs high environmental conditions and its growth is seriously influenced by the drought. Silicon is considered to be a necessary element for plant growth, and soluble silicon can improve plant resilience. To improve the drought resilience of Petunia hybrida, the silicon transporter protein OsLsi1 and OsLsi2 genes cloned from rice（Oryza sative） were transferred into Petunia hybrida by Agrobacterium-mediated method, and finally got 26 and 32 positive plants, respectively by PCR and RT-PCR detections. With a control of non-transgenic plants, the obtained transgenic plants were taken by drought treatment stress for 0, 4, 7, 10 and 14 days, then re-watered and measured physiological indexes as malondialdehyde（MDA） content, free proline（Pro） content, superoxide dismutase（SOD） activity and peroxidase（POD） activity to study the effect of Petunia＇s drought resistance. All the results proved that the silicon transporter protein OsLsi1 and OsLsi2 genes were normally transcripted and expressed in transgenic Petunia hybrida; OsLsi1 gene could improve the abilities of plants＇ drought resistance and recover after drought stress, while OsLsi2 gene could reduce the above abilities. The order of the drought resistance ability of the three strains from strong to weak was OsLsi1〉CK〉OsLsi2; and silicon indeed improved the ability of drought resistance as well. All these results provided a new way to improve the drought resistance of Petunia, and laid a foundation to improve the ability of garden plants＇ drought resistance and water saving.展开更多
A novel knottedl-like homeobox （knox） gene, Pttknl （Populus tremulaxtremuloides knottedl）, isolated from the cambial region of hybrid aspen, was introduced into Petunia hybrida Vilm. using the leafdisc method medi...A novel knottedl-like homeobox （knox） gene, Pttknl （Populus tremulaxtremuloides knottedl）, isolated from the cambial region of hybrid aspen, was introduced into Petunia hybrida Vilm. using the leafdisc method mediated by Agrobacterium. A series of novel phenotypes was observed in transgenic petunia plants, including the formation of ectopic spikes on the adaxial surface of corollas and small petals on the abaxial surface of corollas, fusion of floral organs, shortening of corolla midribs, the formation of tumor-like knots along the midrib on the abaxial surface and serrated lobs of corolla margins, and alterations in petal color; except for changes in the leaves and plant architecture, RT-PCR showed that the Pttknl gene was expressed in the leaves of different petunia transgenic plants, whereas no signal was detected in wild-type plants. The possible function of Pttknl in leaf and flower development is discussed.展开更多
Chalcone synthase A is a key enzyme in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. Expression of chsA gene in transgenic Petunia hybrida resulted in flower color alterations and co-suppression of transgenes and endogenous g...Chalcone synthase A is a key enzyme in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. Expression of chsA gene in transgenic Petunia hybrida resulted in flower color alterations and co-suppression of transgenes and endogenous genes. We fused the β-glucuronidase (uidA) gene to the C-terminal of chsA gene, and transferred the fusion gene into Petunia hybrida via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. GUS histochemical staining analysis showed that co-suppression occurred specifically during the development of flowers and co-suppression required the mutual interaction of endogenous genes and transgenes. RNA in situ hybridization analysis suggested that co-suppression occurred in the entire plant, and RNA degradation occurred in the cytoplasm.展开更多
Cytochrome P450 CYP2E1 is mainly present in hepatocytes in the livers of mammals,where it plays an important role in the metabolism of xenobiotic organic substances. Previous studies showed that transgenic petunia(Pet...Cytochrome P450 CYP2E1 is mainly present in hepatocytes in the livers of mammals,where it plays an important role in the metabolism of xenobiotic organic substances. Previous studies showed that transgenic petunia(Petunia hybrid) plants harboring a mammalian cyp2e1 gene(designated cyp2e1-transgenic petunia) exhibited increased resistance to formaldehyde stress. In this study,we used cyp2e1-transgenic petunia plants to analyze physiological indexes related to formaldehyde stress responses. The results indicated that under formaldehyde stress,the malondialdehyde content in cyp2e1-transgenic petunia plants was lower than in β-glucuronidase gene(gus)-transgenic and wild-type petunia plants. The activities of both superoxide dismutase and peroxidase in the cyp2e1-transgenic plants were higher than in gus-transgenic and wild-type plants. The alcohol dehydrogenase activity was slightly increased and more glutathione was consumed. Additionally,under formaldehyde stress,the levels of plant hormones including indole-3-acetic acid,zeatin and abscisic acid in cyp2e1-transgenic petunia plants displayed decreasing trends,whereas the level of gibberellic acid displayed an increasing trend. In contrast,the indole-3-acetic acid,zeatin and abscisic acid levels in gus-transgenic and wild-type petunia plants displayed increasing trends,whereas the gibberellic acid level displayed a decreasing trend. At 72 h after incubation of 0.5 g of cyp2e1-transgenic petunia plants in 40 mL of treatment solution containing formaldehyde at 50 mg·L^(-1),the formaldehyde content remaining in the treatment solution was close to zero while approximately half of original formaldehyde remained in the treatment solutions containing gus-transgenic and wild-type petunia plants.展开更多
Self-Incompatibility （SI） Is a genetic mechanism of self/non-self pollen recognition to prevent self-fertilization In many flowering plants and, In most cases, this is controlled by a multl-allellc S-locus. S-RNase ...Self-Incompatibility （SI） Is a genetic mechanism of self/non-self pollen recognition to prevent self-fertilization In many flowering plants and, In most cases, this is controlled by a multl-allellc S-locus. S-RNase and Slocus F box （SLF） proteins have been shown to be the female and male determinants of gametophytlc selfIncompatibility （GSI）, respectively, In the Solanaceae, Scrophulariaceae and Rosaceae. Nevertheless, It is thought that additional factors are required for the SI response. Herein, we constructed a mature anther cDNA library from a self-Incompatible Petunia hybrida Vllm. line of the S3S3 haplotype. Using AhS2-RNase from Antirrhinum hispanicum as a bait for yeast two-hybrid screening, we found that petunia germinating pollen （PGP） S/D3 was capable of Interacting physically with the bait. However, the Interaction lacked haplotype specificity. The PGPS/D3 gene Is a single copy gene that Is expressed In tissues such as the style, ovary, pollen, and leaf. The PGPS/D3：：GFP （green fluorescence protein） construct was detected In both the membrane and cytoplasm. The Implications of these findings In the operation of S-RNase-based SI are discussed.展开更多
基金Supported by the Fund of Science and Technology Research Project of Education Department in Heilongjiang Province(12531014)
文摘As one of the important materials in landscaping for flower terrace and border, Petunia hybrida needs high environmental conditions and its growth is seriously influenced by the drought. Silicon is considered to be a necessary element for plant growth, and soluble silicon can improve plant resilience. To improve the drought resilience of Petunia hybrida, the silicon transporter protein OsLsi1 and OsLsi2 genes cloned from rice（Oryza sative） were transferred into Petunia hybrida by Agrobacterium-mediated method, and finally got 26 and 32 positive plants, respectively by PCR and RT-PCR detections. With a control of non-transgenic plants, the obtained transgenic plants were taken by drought treatment stress for 0, 4, 7, 10 and 14 days, then re-watered and measured physiological indexes as malondialdehyde（MDA） content, free proline（Pro） content, superoxide dismutase（SOD） activity and peroxidase（POD） activity to study the effect of Petunia＇s drought resistance. All the results proved that the silicon transporter protein OsLsi1 and OsLsi2 genes were normally transcripted and expressed in transgenic Petunia hybrida; OsLsi1 gene could improve the abilities of plants＇ drought resistance and recover after drought stress, while OsLsi2 gene could reduce the above abilities. The order of the drought resistance ability of the three strains from strong to weak was OsLsi1〉CK〉OsLsi2; and silicon indeed improved the ability of drought resistance as well. All these results provided a new way to improve the drought resistance of Petunia, and laid a foundation to improve the ability of garden plants＇ drought resistance and water saving.
基金Supported by the Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China （ZS021-A25-047-N） and Xi＇an Urban Rural Construction Committee.Acknowledgements The authors thank Dr. 0lof 0lsson （Goeteberg University, Goeteberg, Sweden） for providing the plasmid containing 35S：：Pttkn1.
文摘A novel knottedl-like homeobox （knox） gene, Pttknl （Populus tremulaxtremuloides knottedl）, isolated from the cambial region of hybrid aspen, was introduced into Petunia hybrida Vilm. using the leafdisc method mediated by Agrobacterium. A series of novel phenotypes was observed in transgenic petunia plants, including the formation of ectopic spikes on the adaxial surface of corollas and small petals on the abaxial surface of corollas, fusion of floral organs, shortening of corolla midribs, the formation of tumor-like knots along the midrib on the abaxial surface and serrated lobs of corolla margins, and alterations in petal color; except for changes in the leaves and plant architecture, RT-PCR showed that the Pttknl gene was expressed in the leaves of different petunia transgenic plants, whereas no signal was detected in wild-type plants. The possible function of Pttknl in leaf and flower development is discussed.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 39670415), Yunnan Province-Peking University joint project (B9810K) and Shenzhen Science and Technology Bureau.
文摘Chalcone synthase A is a key enzyme in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. Expression of chsA gene in transgenic Petunia hybrida resulted in flower color alterations and co-suppression of transgenes and endogenous genes. We fused the β-glucuronidase (uidA) gene to the C-terminal of chsA gene, and transferred the fusion gene into Petunia hybrida via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. GUS histochemical staining analysis showed that co-suppression occurred specifically during the development of flowers and co-suppression required the mutual interaction of endogenous genes and transgenes. RNA in situ hybridization analysis suggested that co-suppression occurred in the entire plant, and RNA degradation occurred in the cytoplasm.
基金supported by the Hangzhou Science and Technology Development Plan(Grant No.20140432B05)the New-shoot Talents Program of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.2013R421008)
文摘Cytochrome P450 CYP2E1 is mainly present in hepatocytes in the livers of mammals,where it plays an important role in the metabolism of xenobiotic organic substances. Previous studies showed that transgenic petunia(Petunia hybrid) plants harboring a mammalian cyp2e1 gene(designated cyp2e1-transgenic petunia) exhibited increased resistance to formaldehyde stress. In this study,we used cyp2e1-transgenic petunia plants to analyze physiological indexes related to formaldehyde stress responses. The results indicated that under formaldehyde stress,the malondialdehyde content in cyp2e1-transgenic petunia plants was lower than in β-glucuronidase gene(gus)-transgenic and wild-type petunia plants. The activities of both superoxide dismutase and peroxidase in the cyp2e1-transgenic plants were higher than in gus-transgenic and wild-type plants. The alcohol dehydrogenase activity was slightly increased and more glutathione was consumed. Additionally,under formaldehyde stress,the levels of plant hormones including indole-3-acetic acid,zeatin and abscisic acid in cyp2e1-transgenic petunia plants displayed decreasing trends,whereas the level of gibberellic acid displayed an increasing trend. In contrast,the indole-3-acetic acid,zeatin and abscisic acid levels in gus-transgenic and wild-type petunia plants displayed increasing trends,whereas the gibberellic acid level displayed a decreasing trend. At 72 h after incubation of 0.5 g of cyp2e1-transgenic petunia plants in 40 mL of treatment solution containing formaldehyde at 50 mg·L^(-1),the formaldehyde content remaining in the treatment solution was close to zero while approximately half of original formaldehyde remained in the treatment solutions containing gus-transgenic and wild-type petunia plants.
基金Supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30221002）.Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to Qi Xie （Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences） for help with the construction of the cDNA library and the yeast two-hybrid techniques and Tim Robbins for providing P. hybrida. The authors also thank Jiayang Li （Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences） for the pB1221-35S：GFP vector.
文摘Self-Incompatibility （SI） Is a genetic mechanism of self/non-self pollen recognition to prevent self-fertilization In many flowering plants and, In most cases, this is controlled by a multl-allellc S-locus. S-RNase and Slocus F box （SLF） proteins have been shown to be the female and male determinants of gametophytlc selfIncompatibility （GSI）, respectively, In the Solanaceae, Scrophulariaceae and Rosaceae. Nevertheless, It is thought that additional factors are required for the SI response. Herein, we constructed a mature anther cDNA library from a self-Incompatible Petunia hybrida Vllm. line of the S3S3 haplotype. Using AhS2-RNase from Antirrhinum hispanicum as a bait for yeast two-hybrid screening, we found that petunia germinating pollen （PGP） S/D3 was capable of Interacting physically with the bait. However, the Interaction lacked haplotype specificity. The PGPS/D3 gene Is a single copy gene that Is expressed In tissues such as the style, ovary, pollen, and leaf. The PGPS/D3：：GFP （green fluorescence protein） construct was detected In both the membrane and cytoplasm. The Implications of these findings In the operation of S-RNase-based SI are discussed.
