Protein Characteristics and Field Efficacy of YN1-1, a Highly Virulent Strain of Bacillus thuringiensis

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the biological characteristics of a Bacillus thuringiensis strain YNI-1, which has high virulence to Lepidoptera spp. [Method] The crystal protein of YNI-1 was analyzed by SDS-PAGE, and its indoor and field efficacy for Lepidoptera spp. was investigated. [Result] The parasporal crystal of YNI-1 has a diamond-like structure. The molecular weight of the original toxin protein is 136 kDa. After trypsin treatment, the original toxin protein was hy- drolyzed into active toxin protein with molecular weight of 63 kDa. For Plutella xy- Iostella and Pieris rapae, the indoor efficacy of B. thuringiensis was better than that of commercial B. thuringiensis （WP）. In view of field efficacy, rate of YNI-1 strain was higher than that of commercial B [Conelusion] YNI-1 strain has excellent development potential. the insects reduced thuringiensis （WP）.

Toxicity and clinical reasonable application of Taoren(Semen Persicae) based on ancient and modern literature research

OBJECTIVE:To probe the toxicity and relative application theory of the commonly-used traditional Chinese herbal drug Taoren(Semen Persicae),and set up a correct attitude and principle and method to use Taoren(Semen Persicae) for treating the syndrome of stagnation of blood stasis and others in TCM clinic.METHODS:In this study,we analyzed and probed the ancient and modern literature research about Taoren(Semen Persicae),and summarized the realization of its toxicity and application contraindications in ancient herbals and the research assertion of its processing,drug-nature,pharmacologic actions,adverse reaction,and clinical reasonable application in modern literature.RESULTS:We found that some TCM doctors were worried about the effect of Taoren(Semen Persicae) 's disintegrating blood stasis to impair body's healthy Qi and its toxicity,and were not good at using this herb.And some patients were afraid of its toxic and side-effect not to take it.In the ancient and modern literatures some proper hates of Taoren(Semen Persicae) existed,and the toxicity component was also clear-cut,and the applications of Taoren(Semen Persicae) were in many fields especially the gynecological and traumatological diseases.The key root of toxicity generation and unreasonable application of Taoren(Semen Persicae) lies in taking without syndrome differentiation or using with overdosage.CONCLUSION:Under the precondition of correct processing,treatment based on syndrome differentiation,and taking the dosage stipulated by laws to apply Taoren(Semen Persicae) should be quite safe.The ancient and modern literature records and researches about Taoren(Semen Persicae) provide the determinate reference for understanding Taoren(Semen Persicae)'s efficacy and drug-nature(toxicity) more objectively and also for further correctly clinic recognition and research on Taoren(Semen Persicae).