Physical Activity Calculation by Transport Modes Detection Using Fuzzy Logic

This research presents a methodology,to calculate the amount of physical activity during the transportation.It contains the following steps:(1)trip and activity detection(2)speed calculation(3)splitting trips into trip-leg(4)transportation mode detection and(5)physical activity calculation.The Global Positioning System is used to record the transport activities,either single mode or multimode.During the trip execution,the travel behaviour and the travel mode are also observed to obtain the physical activity levels.The physical activity levels are calculated by taking the ratio of the Total Energy Expenditure and the Basal Metabolic Rate.To obtain the results,an automated system is presented which calculates the speed and also detects the mode of each trip-leg.It also calculates the amount of physical activity.The obtained physical activity levels for the recorded 1750 trips are unit less and range from 1.10 to 2.00.By using the motorized transportation mode,the physical activity levels stay low and the subject failed to achieve the recommended health guideline.The minimum value for the moderate level of physical activity is 1.6.The requirement can be fully achieved when the transportation mode is active i.e.walking,cycling,and performed at moderate intensity level for at least 30 min a day.

A FUZZY-LOGIC CONTROL ALGORITHM FOR ACTIVE QUEUE MANAGEMENT IN IP NETWORKS

Active Queue Management (AQM) is an active research area in the Internet community. Random Early Detection (RED) is a typical AQM algorithm, but it is known that it is difficult to configure its parameters and its average queue length is closely related to the load level. This paper proposes an effective fuzzy congestion control algorithm based on fuzzy logic which uses the pre- dominance of fuzzy logic to deal with uncertain events. The main advantage of this new congestion control algorithm is that it discards the packet dropping mechanism of RED, and calculates packet loss according to a preconfigured fuzzy logic by using the queue length and the buffer usage ratio. Theo- retical analysis and Network Simulator (NS) simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves more throughput and more stable queue length than traditional schemes. It really improves a router's ability in network congestion control in IP network.

Learning Performance of Linear and Exponential Activity Function with Multi-layered Neural Networks

This paper presents a study on the improvement of MLNNs(multi-layer neural networks)performance by an activity function for multi logic training patterns.Our model network has L hidden layers of two inputs and three,four to six output training using BP(backpropagation)neural network.We used logic functions of XOR(exclusive OR),OR,AND,NAND(not AND),NXOR(not exclusive OR)and NOR(not OR)as the multi logic teacher signals to evaluate the training performance of MLNNs by an activity function for information and data enlargement in signal processing(synaptic divergence state).We specifically used four activity functions from which we modified one and called it L&exp.function as it could give the highest training abilities compared to the original activity functions of Sigmoid,ReLU and Step during simulation and training in the network.And finally,we propose L&exp.function as being good for MLNNs and it may be applicable for signal processing of data and information enlargement because of its performance training characteristics with multiple training logic patterns hence can be adopted in machine deep learning.

Fuzzy Logic Control for Semi-Active Suspension System of Tracked Vehicle

The model of half a tracked vehicle semi-active suspension is established. The fuzzy logic controller of the semi-active suspension system is constructed. The acceleration of driver's seat and its time derivative are used as the inputs of the fuzzy logic controller, and the fuzzy logic controller output determines the semi-active suspension controllable damping force. The fuzzy logic controller is to minimize the mean square root of acceleration of the driver's seat. The control forces of controllable dampers behind the first road wheel are obtained by time delay, and the delay times are determined by the vehicle speed and axles distances. The simulation results show that this control method can decrease the acceleration of driver's seat and the suspension travel of the first road wheel, the ride quality is improved obviously.

花椒挥发油化学成分及药理作用研究进展

花椒挥发油主要包含萜烯类、醇类、醛类、酮类、酯类、环氧化合物类及脂肪烃类成分,具有抗炎、镇痛、抑菌、杀虫、止痒、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、促进透皮吸收、改善中枢神经系统障碍等多种药理作用。通过查阅国内外相关文献,对花椒挥发油的提取方法、化学成分及其影响因素、药理作用进行系统综述,同时指出目前花椒挥发油研究存在的问题,并展望未来研究方向,为花椒挥发油的深入研究和临床应用提供有益参考。参考文献76篇。

制度组态视角下数字生态激发创业活跃度的多元路径——基于NCA与fsQCA的研究

如何优化数字生态环境激发区域创业活跃度是亟待解决的重要管理问题。本文基于制度逻辑理论,采用必要条件分析(NCA)与模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法,以中国31个省区市为案例,检验了数字政府、数字基础、数字经济、数字能力与数字社会5个条件对区域创业活跃度的组态效应。研究结果表明:数字政府、数字基础、数字经济是区域创业活跃度的必要条件,其重要性程度依次为数字政府、数字基础与数字经济。存在“政府统筹—市场决定型”“政府赋能—市场调节型”“市场调节—社会助力型”“政府统筹—社会助力型”4类产生高创业活跃度的制度组态。存在3类产生非高创业活跃度的制度组态,呈现出以下2个特征:数字生态中各要素均表现不佳;在缺少政府统筹或赋能的情况下,即使市场发挥调节作用,也不能产生高区域创业活跃度。研究揭示了数字生态影响创业活跃度的多元路径,对优化地区数字生态环境,更好激发市场主体创业活力具有重要的实践启示。

基于可编程控制器的槟榔包装控制系统设计

为解决槟榔自动包装机封口装置存在封口不牢固、包材烧穿等问题,设计了一种基于可编程控制器(programmable logic controller, PLC)技术的槟榔自动包装机封口装置控制系统,以实现槟榔包装的稳定性。介绍封口装置工艺以及控制系统结构,包括PLC、温度传感器、位置传感器、温度控制模块、伺服电机等。封口装置中温度为主要研究对象,同时为弥补传统PID(proportional-integral-differential)控制的不足,改善传统LADRC(linear active disturbance rejection control)控制参数整定困难等问题,提出一种粒子群(particle swarm optimization, PSO)优化改进型线性自抗扰温度控制器,以提高封口装置温度控制的鲁棒性和抗扰性。最后进行仿真和实验研究。结果表明:与传统PID以及自抗扰(active disturbance rejection control, ADRC)控制器相比,加入粒子群(particle swarm optimization, PSO)算法优化后的改进型LADRC方法,可以使系统输出响应、快速性增强,调节时间变短,封口装置实际包装温度误差<0.4℃。可见所述封口装置系统有效提高温度控制精度,一定程度上提升了槟榔自动包装机的生产效率。

局域芯片分布特征辨识及自适应变步长扫描与匹配

为解决LED芯片检测与分选中的漏扫、匹配错误等关键问题,提出自适应变步长扫描方法。该方法对当前局域分布特性进行分析,利用晶圆片局部形变的连续性与保持性对邻近区域芯片分布进行预测,实施步长调整。在检测端,提出基于8邻域位置模型的区域芯片分布特征表征与描述方法,确立自适应步长调整策略,建立物理地址映射视图以及归一化逻辑视图。在分选端,利用已知物理地址映射图和归一化逻辑视图,对扫描区域、步长与路径进行规划,在遍历芯片的同时,实现芯片匹配。实测表明,相比冗余方法,该方法能够以低于4%的冗余率,实现漏扫率低于0.5%,提升扫描效率近23%。由于只针对有意义的芯片进行查找,可实现接近100%的匹配率,显著改善了算法效率和抗干扰能力。

面向时变复数的模糊归零神经网络算法

【目的】为了求解时变复数西尔维斯特方程(Sylvester equation),提出两种全新的复值模糊归零神经网络(fuzzy logic system for zeroing neural network, FLSVZNN)模型。【方法】首先,在两种复数归零神经网络(complex-valued zeroing neural network, CVZNN)模型的基础上,引入模糊逻辑系统(fuzzy logic system, FLS)来控制信号的处理,从而提出两种FLSVZNN模型;然后,利用李亚普诺夫定理(Lyapunov's theorem)来分析模型的稳定性和收敛速度;最后,通过仿真试验来进一步验证FLSVZNN的优越性能。【结果】在求解时变复数西尔维斯特方程时,相比传统的神经网络模型,使用改进的符号双幂(sign-bi-power, SBP)函数来激活的FLSVZNN模型具有更好的收敛性和稳定性,可使误差函数在0.3 s左右收敛至0。【结论】本研究提出的两种FLSVZNN模型能快速求解时变复数西尔维斯特方程,这可为神经网络模型的建立及工程应用提供参考。

老年教育助力老年人力资源开发的内在逻辑和实践路径

在我国劳动年龄人口规模持续缩小和老龄人口数量不断攀升的叠加效应下,老年人力资源开发迎来蓝海时代。老年教育是老年人力资源开发的重要途径,通过老年教育助力老年人力资源开发具有重大的价值意义。老年教育助力老年人力资源开发的内在逻辑体现在:在生理层面增进身体健康,在认知层面弥合认知堕距,在知识层面更新知识结构,在技能层面提升技能水平。为进一步提升老年教育助力老年人力资源开发的效能,需要革新教育观念、扩大资源供给、完善课程设置,并加强协同合作。

自主经营型农村集体经济发展困境、盘活逻辑与实践策略

积极探索新型农村集体经济既是乡村振兴的重要方式,也已成为实现乡村共同富裕的必然路径。由村集体自主经营、风险与收益共担的集体经济发展模式较为常见且成效良多,但其面临的现实挑战也十分凸显。论文借助整体治理理论构建一个完整的分析框架,系统梳理自主经营型农村集体经济发展的碎片化困境、盘活逻辑和实践策略。一方面,系统支持不足、竞争力缺乏、主体认同不强、利益分配混乱、产业经营乏力等构成了困境内容;另一方面,政府加强战略部署、挖掘乡村特色资源价值、夯实多元主体信任认同、增强利益联结、深化组织建设等都是重要的盘活逻辑。为此,整体改善自主经营型农村集体经济发展时,需采取持续完善系列政策体系、激发新时代集体经济精神、加速集体经济组织改革和培育专业经营型人才等策略。

基于模糊逻辑控制的锂电池主动均衡策略研究

针对电池组存在单体不一致的现象,提出一种改进式Buck-Boost均衡拓扑结构,实现了相邻单体间能量快速转移。根据电池开路电压(open circuit voltage,OCV)与荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)曲线特性,采用基于荷电状态和电池电压的模糊逻辑控制策略(FLC)实现均衡控制。使用MATLAB/Simulink软件进行模型搭建和仿真,仿真结果表明,相比传统Buck-Boost电路在相邻单体间传递能量的拓扑,所提出的能量传递拓扑的均衡时间减少了68.27%。相较于最大值均衡策略,基于多变量融合FLC算法在充电和放电状态下的均衡时间分别减少了10.6%和16.2%,均衡后,电池单体SOC标准差分别为0.041%和0.026%,提高了电池组的单体一致性,验证了该方案的可行性。

Fuzzy Sliding Mode Active Disturbance Rejection Control of an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle-Manipulator System

In this paper, a fuzzy sliding mode active disturbance rejection control(FSMADRC) scheme is proposed for an autonomous underwater vehicle-manipulator system(AUVMS) with a two-link and three-joint manipulator. First, the AUVMS is separated into nine subsystems, and the combined effects of dynamic uncertainties, hydrodynamic force, unknown disturbances, and nonlinear coupling terms on each subsystem are lumped into a single total disturbance. Next, a linear extended state observer(LESO) is presented to estimate the total disturbance. Then, a sliding mode active disturbance rejection control(SMADRC) scheme is proposed to enhance the robustness of the control system. The stability of the SMADRC and the estimation errors of the LESO are analyzed. Because it is difficult to simultaneously adjust several parameters for a LESO-based SMADRC scheme, a fuzzy logic control(FLC) scheme is used to formulate the FSMADRC to determine the appropriate parameters adaptively for practical applications. Finally, two AUVMS tasks are illustrated to test the trajectory tracking performance of the closed-loop system and its ability to reject and attenuate the total disturbance. The simulation results show that the proposed FSMADRC scheme achieves better performance and consume less energy than conventional PID and FLC techniques.

HYDRAULIC ACTIVE GUIDE ROLLER SYSTEM FOR HIGH-SPEED ELEVATOR BASED ON FUZZY CONTROLLER

Increase of elevator speed brings about amplified vibrations of high-speed elevator. In order to reduce the horizontal vibrations of high-speed elevator, a new type of hydraulic active guide roller system based on fuzzy logic controller is developed. First the working principle of the hydraulic guide system is introduced, then the dynamic model of the horizontal vibrations for elevator cage with active guide roller system and the mathematical model of the hydraulic system are given. A fuzzy logic controller for the hydraulic system is designed to control the hydraulic actuator. To improve the control performance, preview compensation for the controller is provided. Finally, simulation and experiments are executed to verify the hydraulic active guide roller system and the control strategy. Both the simulation and experimental results indicate that the hydraulic active guide roller system can reduce the horizontal vibrations of the elevator effectively and has better effects than the passive one, and the fuzzy logic controller with preview compensation can give superior control performance.

A Novel Fuzzy—Adaptive Hysteresis Controller Based Three Phase Four Wire-Four Leg Shunt Active Filter for Harmonic and Reactive Power Compensation

This paper presents a fuzzy logic based three phase four wire four-leg shunt active power filter to suppress harmonic currents. Modified instantaneous p-q theory is adopted for calculating the compensating current. Fuzzy-adaptive hysteresis band technique is applied for the current control to derive the switching signals for the voltage source inverter. A fuzzy logic controller is developed to control the voltage of the DC capacitor. Computer simulations are carried out on a sample power system to demonstrate the suitability of the proposed control strategy, for harmonic reduction under three different conditions namely, ideal, unbalance, unbalance and distorted source voltage conditions. The proposed control strategy is found to be effective to reduce the harmonics and compensate reactive power and neutral current and balance load currents under ideal and non-ideal source voltage conditions.

Design and Assembly of an Improvised Logic Gates Simulator

This study aimed at designing and assembling an improvised Logic Gates Simulator that can be utilized as an instructional device in basic digital electronics instruction at Caraga State University Cabadbaran Campus, Philippines. This instructional device is believed to enhance the teaching-learning process and would also help address the scarcity of instructional equipment in the school and in the country. Descriptive method of research was employed to come up with the design of the simulator based on the course content of basic digital electronics subject. Acceptability of the improvised simulator based on standards set in this study was?gathered from the experts as respondents using a self-made questionnaire. The data were treated using average weighted mean utilizing parametric scales with verbal descriptions. Findings revealed that the improvised logic gates simulator is highly acceptable in terms of its cost and availability of components,?design and construction,operations, and troubleshooting features. It is concluded that the improvised logic gates simulator is at par in terms of standards on instructional devices based on the evaluation results of experts and is therefore recommended to be used in basic digital electronics instruction. The simulator is an innovative answer and an alternate solution to the scarcity of instructional materials and devices at Caraga State University Cabadbaran Campus.

Skyhook Surface Sliding Mode Control on Semi-Active Vehicle Suspension System for Ride Comfort Enhancement

A skyhook surface sliding mode control method was proposed and applied to the control on the semi-active vehicle suspension system for its ride comfort enhancement. A two degree of freedom dynamic model of a vehicle semi-active suspension system was given, which focused on the passenger’s ride comfort perform-ance. A simulation with the given initial conditions has been devised in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The simula-tion results were showing that there was an enhanced level of ride comfort for the vehicle semi-active sus-pension system with the skyhook surface sliding mode controller.

“服务激活社会”——五社联动驱动社会建设的运行模式

长期以来,我国关于社会建设的研究形成了国家中心主义和社会中心主义两派学术分野,这些理论能揭示传统的社会建设权力生产逻辑,但却不能为新时代以党建引领为核心、以人民为中心、以协商民主为独特优势的社会建设提供新方向。多地五社联动的实践发展路径表明,兼具活力与秩序的社区具有共性特征,即在党组织引领下,经由政府公共服务项目采购导入社会组织,联动专业社工、社会资源等多元要素入驻,激发社区内生活力的同时保障秩序,最终实现运行模式上的“殊途同归”。区别于国家中心主义视角下以限制和配合为特征的社会建设逻辑,服务激活社会强调党和政府尊重社会运作的客观规律,综合运用服务项目购买、社会组织培育、法治约束、价值激励等多种方式,实现在有序基础上激发社会活力的建设目标,形成共建共治共享的时代新格局。服务激活社会,这一五社联动驱动社会建设的运行模式,为当前党、政府、社会等主体复杂交织的社会建设格局提供了一种新思路。

教学活动的基本逻辑探论

新世纪教学活动的范式转型、新观念“扶放有度”的有效实施、新面向学生大脑的科学塑造等一再表明,教学活动需要“M形”逻辑。“M形”逻辑是形如英文字母M的教学逻辑,具有知识掌握与思想生发同步进行、学科思想对基础知识引领拉动、思想内核与知识外层整合组团、知识组团与结构成型多阶嬗变、显性学习与隐性学习和谐相生等多维特质。实践上,教师要合理设置疑难冲突,巧妙融入学科思想,激励学生尝试探究,多元帮扶引领进阶;学生要归纳演绎循环迭代,跨界融合思想汇通,相互启发相互借鉴,知识结构合作建构。

乡村中老年女性“挣钱农活”及其生成逻辑研究--基于四川成都、德阳与阿坝的个案观察

农业女性化是乡村多年来持续存在的普遍现象,乡村中老年女性则是农业女性化的主要群体,也是乡村振兴的重要建设者和贡献者。乡村中老年女性在承担自家农业活动的同时,也活跃在各种农业园区、合作社、绿化工地以及公益性岗位,从事“挣钱农活”。尽管“挣钱农活”的工资普遍低于非全日制用工的最低时薪标准,却有助于中老年女性平衡家庭照料与社会劳动。在人口老龄化程度较高的四川,乡村人口老龄化和农业女性化现象尤为凸显,乡村中老年女性“挣钱农活”参与率高,“挣钱农活”类型多样、形式灵活、空间多元。在成都经济圈和阿坝藏族羌族自治州的调研中发现,乡村中老年女性日常生计形态紧贴乡村社会变迁,“挣钱农活”是她们适应乡村社会现代性的表现,也是多种因素交叉形成的理性选择。