High quality speed information is one of the key issues in machine sensorless drives,which often requires proper filtering of the estimated speed.This paper comparatively studies typical low-pass filters(LPF)and phase...High quality speed information is one of the key issues in machine sensorless drives,which often requires proper filtering of the estimated speed.This paper comparatively studies typical low-pass filters(LPF)and phase-locked loop(PLL)type filters with respect to ramp speed reference tracking and steady-state performances,as well as the achievement of adaptive cutoff frequency control.An improved LPF-based filter structure with no ramping and steady-state errors caused by filter parameter quantization effects is proposed,which is suitable for applying LPF for sensorless drives of AC machines,especially when fixed-point digital signal processor is selected e.g.in mass production.Furthermore,the potential of adopting PLL for speed filtering is explored.It is demonstrated that PLL type filters can well maintain the advantages offered by the improved LPF.Moreover,it is found that the PLL type filters exhibit almost linear relationship between the cutoff frequency of the PLL filter and its proportional-integral(PI)gains,which can ease the realization of speed filters with adaptive cutoff frequency for improving the speed transient performance.The proposed filters are verified experimentally.The PLL type filter with adaptive cutoff frequency can provide satisfactory performances under various operating conditions and is therefore recommended.展开更多
This paper introduces an electrical drives control architecture combining a fractional-order controller and a setpoint pre-filter. The former is based on a fractional-order proportional-integral(PI) unit, with a non-i...This paper introduces an electrical drives control architecture combining a fractional-order controller and a setpoint pre-filter. The former is based on a fractional-order proportional-integral(PI) unit, with a non-integer order integral action, while the latter can be of integer or non-integer type. To satisfy robustness and dynamic performance specifications, the feedback controller is designed by a loop-shaping technique in the frequency domain. In particular, optimality of the feedback system is pursued to achieve input-output tracking. The setpoint pre-filter is designed by a dynamic inversion technique minimizing the difference between the ideal synthesized command signal(i.e., a smooth monotonic response) and the prefilter step response. Experimental tests validate the methodology and compare the performance of the proposed architecture with well-established control schemes that employ the classical PIbased symmetrical optimum method with a smoothing pre-filter.展开更多
In order to effectively control the working state of the gyroscope in drive mode, the drive characteristics of the micro electromechanical system （MEMS） gyroscope are analyzed in principle. A novel drive circuit for...In order to effectively control the working state of the gyroscope in drive mode, the drive characteristics of the micro electromechanical system （MEMS） gyroscope are analyzed in principle. A novel drive circuit for the MEMS gyroscope in digital closed-loop control is proposed, which utilizes a digital phase-locked loop （PLL） in frequency control and an automatic gain control （AGC） method in amplitude control. A digital processing circuit with a field programmable gate array （FPGA） is designed and the experiments are carried out. The results indicate that when the temperature changes, the drive frequency can automatically track the resonant frequency of gyroscope in drive mode and that of the oscillating amplitude holds at a set value. And at room temperature, the relative deviation of the drive frequency is 0.624 ×10^-6 and the oscillating amplitude is 8.0 ×10^-6, which are 0. 094% and 18. 39% of the analog control program, respectively. Therefore, the control solution of the digital PLL in frequency and the AGC in amplitude is feasible.展开更多
In the proposed paper, the new experimental results are described obtained from the laboratory stand and the model developed by the authors. A method of acquiring characteristics of a pump motor drive using a hardware...In the proposed paper, the new experimental results are described obtained from the laboratory stand and the model developed by the authors. A method of acquiring characteristics of a pump motor drive using a hardware-in-the-loop simulation approach is explained. To explore the centrifugal pumps manufactured by ABB, their own control system is used whereas an industrial pump is replaced with the specially designed simulator. To clarify the model topology and parameters, a double-machine assembly was designed and used as universal pump prototype. A library of reference and disturbance signals used in pumping was applied as a modeling tool. In this way, the advantages of mathematical and physical simulations have been combined with optimal interaction of both approaches.展开更多
为实现电动轮汽车轮胎纵向力的控制与协调分配,提出了基于改进闭环子空间辨识的电动轮汽车纵向力估计方法.分析了电动轮汽车电驱动系统特性,在此基础上提出了用于辨识的纵向力估计模型.进行底盘测功机道路模拟试验并采集数据.模型输入...为实现电动轮汽车轮胎纵向力的控制与协调分配,提出了基于改进闭环子空间辨识的电动轮汽车纵向力估计方法.分析了电动轮汽车电驱动系统特性,在此基础上提出了用于辨识的纵向力估计模型.进行底盘测功机道路模拟试验并采集数据.模型输入与噪声相关时,子空间N4SID(numerical algorithm for subspace identification)辨识算法是有偏的,针对这一问题,研究了一种改进闭环子空间辨识算法.结果表明:对比子空间N4SID辨识算法,改进闭环子空间辨识算法辨识出的模型具有更好的抗干扰性,纵向力估计精度更高,实时跟踪效果更好,满足基于数据驱动的驱动力模型预测控制的需求.展开更多
针对四轮独立驱动电动汽车驱动方式的特点,建立了电动助力转向(electric power steering,EPS)动力学模型,计算了四轮独立驱动电动车附加横摆力矩的驱动力分配和EPS系统的助力特性曲线,并设计了模糊控制器。对所建立的EPS模型和控制器进...针对四轮独立驱动电动汽车驱动方式的特点,建立了电动助力转向(electric power steering,EPS)动力学模型,计算了四轮独立驱动电动车附加横摆力矩的驱动力分配和EPS系统的助力特性曲线,并设计了模糊控制器。对所建立的EPS模型和控制器进行了驾驶模拟器硬件在环双纽线、回正、双移线试验。仿真试验结果表明,所设计的助力特性曲线达到了控制预期目标,具有良好的助力效果,有利于提高电动汽车的操作灵敏性及转向稳定性,改善了其行驶的安全性能。展开更多
基金This work was supported in part by Lodam A/S and in part by the PSO-ELFORSK Program。
文摘High quality speed information is one of the key issues in machine sensorless drives,which often requires proper filtering of the estimated speed.This paper comparatively studies typical low-pass filters(LPF)and phase-locked loop(PLL)type filters with respect to ramp speed reference tracking and steady-state performances,as well as the achievement of adaptive cutoff frequency control.An improved LPF-based filter structure with no ramping and steady-state errors caused by filter parameter quantization effects is proposed,which is suitable for applying LPF for sensorless drives of AC machines,especially when fixed-point digital signal processor is selected e.g.in mass production.Furthermore,the potential of adopting PLL for speed filtering is explored.It is demonstrated that PLL type filters can well maintain the advantages offered by the improved LPF.Moreover,it is found that the PLL type filters exhibit almost linear relationship between the cutoff frequency of the PLL filter and its proportional-integral(PI)gains,which can ease the realization of speed filters with adaptive cutoff frequency for improving the speed transient performance.The proposed filters are verified experimentally.The PLL type filter with adaptive cutoff frequency can provide satisfactory performances under various operating conditions and is therefore recommended.
基金partially supported by the Australian Research Council(DP160104994)
文摘This paper introduces an electrical drives control architecture combining a fractional-order controller and a setpoint pre-filter. The former is based on a fractional-order proportional-integral(PI) unit, with a non-integer order integral action, while the latter can be of integer or non-integer type. To satisfy robustness and dynamic performance specifications, the feedback controller is designed by a loop-shaping technique in the frequency domain. In particular, optimality of the feedback system is pursued to achieve input-output tracking. The setpoint pre-filter is designed by a dynamic inversion technique minimizing the difference between the ideal synthesized command signal(i.e., a smooth monotonic response) and the prefilter step response. Experimental tests validate the methodology and compare the performance of the proposed architecture with well-established control schemes that employ the classical PIbased symmetrical optimum method with a smoothing pre-filter.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 60974116 )the Research Fund of Aeronautics Science (No.20090869007)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (No. 200902861063)
文摘In order to effectively control the working state of the gyroscope in drive mode, the drive characteristics of the micro electromechanical system （MEMS） gyroscope are analyzed in principle. A novel drive circuit for the MEMS gyroscope in digital closed-loop control is proposed, which utilizes a digital phase-locked loop （PLL） in frequency control and an automatic gain control （AGC） method in amplitude control. A digital processing circuit with a field programmable gate array （FPGA） is designed and the experiments are carried out. The results indicate that when the temperature changes, the drive frequency can automatically track the resonant frequency of gyroscope in drive mode and that of the oscillating amplitude holds at a set value. And at room temperature, the relative deviation of the drive frequency is 0.624 ×10^-6 and the oscillating amplitude is 8.0 ×10^-6, which are 0. 094% and 18. 39% of the analog control program, respectively. Therefore, the control solution of the digital PLL in frequency and the AGC in amplitude is feasible.
文摘In the proposed paper, the new experimental results are described obtained from the laboratory stand and the model developed by the authors. A method of acquiring characteristics of a pump motor drive using a hardware-in-the-loop simulation approach is explained. To explore the centrifugal pumps manufactured by ABB, their own control system is used whereas an industrial pump is replaced with the specially designed simulator. To clarify the model topology and parameters, a double-machine assembly was designed and used as universal pump prototype. A library of reference and disturbance signals used in pumping was applied as a modeling tool. In this way, the advantages of mathematical and physical simulations have been combined with optimal interaction of both approaches.
文摘为实现电动轮汽车轮胎纵向力的控制与协调分配,提出了基于改进闭环子空间辨识的电动轮汽车纵向力估计方法.分析了电动轮汽车电驱动系统特性,在此基础上提出了用于辨识的纵向力估计模型.进行底盘测功机道路模拟试验并采集数据.模型输入与噪声相关时,子空间N4SID(numerical algorithm for subspace identification)辨识算法是有偏的,针对这一问题,研究了一种改进闭环子空间辨识算法.结果表明:对比子空间N4SID辨识算法,改进闭环子空间辨识算法辨识出的模型具有更好的抗干扰性,纵向力估计精度更高,实时跟踪效果更好,满足基于数据驱动的驱动力模型预测控制的需求.
文摘针对四轮独立驱动电动汽车驱动方式的特点,建立了电动助力转向(electric power steering,EPS)动力学模型,计算了四轮独立驱动电动车附加横摆力矩的驱动力分配和EPS系统的助力特性曲线,并设计了模糊控制器。对所建立的EPS模型和控制器进行了驾驶模拟器硬件在环双纽线、回正、双移线试验。仿真试验结果表明,所设计的助力特性曲线达到了控制预期目标,具有良好的助力效果,有利于提高电动汽车的操作灵敏性及转向稳定性,改善了其行驶的安全性能。
