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普通菜豆(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)AOX基因家族鉴定与表达分析
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作者 张琦 王磊 +4 位作者 谷延华 周子善 王姝琨 徐俊杰 杜吉到 《黑龙江八一农垦大学学报》 2024年第2期1-8,共8页
交替氧化酶(Alternative oxidase,AOX)是一种末端氧化酶,在维持植物正常生长代谢速率和代谢平衡以及抵御逆境胁迫中发挥了一定作用。AOX家族成员已经在很多植物物种中被鉴定,但是在普通菜豆(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)中却未见报道。研究... 交替氧化酶(Alternative oxidase,AOX)是一种末端氧化酶,在维持植物正常生长代谢速率和代谢平衡以及抵御逆境胁迫中发挥了一定作用。AOX家族成员已经在很多植物物种中被鉴定,但是在普通菜豆(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)中却未见报道。研究对普通菜豆中AOX家族成员进行了鉴定和分析,并进一步解析了AOX基因家族成员的功能及调控机制。结果表明,基于普通菜豆参考基因组中共挖掘得到了4个AOX家族成员,通过进化关系、保守基序(Motifs)、基因结构分析,将各成员划分成4个亚族。此外,顺式作用元件、共线性与盐胁迫下的表达量分析结果表明,AOX成员可能在植物的非生物胁迫响应中发挥了作用。为后续深入研究普通菜豆中AOX成员的功能奠定了理论基础。 展开更多
关键词 普通菜豆(phaseolus vulgaris L.) 交替氧化酶 鉴定 生物信息学分析
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Effect of Biostimulants Based on Natural Products on the Growth and Nutritional Value of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
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作者 Aimé Giresse Tzeuton Flore Eliane Eyenga +10 位作者 Arouna Meshuneke Gaston Mbang Elock Fabrice Damien Wassom Walter Jospin Timma Kom Marie Paule Djam Kengoum Erica Cabrelle Damtse Damtse Landry Silatsa Fotsing William Asah Che Marlyne Josephine Mananga Nicolas Niemenak Cécile Annie Ewané 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 CAS 2024年第7期492-518,共27页
Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are widely grown in Cameroon and play a key role in the fight against food insecurity, malnutrition and poverty. However, its cultivation encounters problems due to abiotic and biotic str... Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are widely grown in Cameroon and play a key role in the fight against food insecurity, malnutrition and poverty. However, its cultivation encounters problems due to abiotic and biotic stresses, which leads to the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, which cause significant damage to the environment and human health due to the presence of synthetics residues in the seeds, pods and in the leaves that are eaten. Promoting the use of natural products is becoming a necessity for organic and eco-responsible agriculture that limits contamination problems and improves people’s purchasing power. This study aims to assess the effect of biostimulants based on natural products on the growth and nutritional value of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Bean seedlings from white variety (MEX-142) and red variety (DOR-701) were treated every seven days in the field from their pre-emergence, emergence and growth to their maturation under a randomized block experimental design. Six treatments and three repetitions with the biostimulants based on natural products and controls were thus performed and the agromorphological parameters were measured. After 120 days, the contents of growth biomarkers and defense-related enzymes were evaluated in leaves, while the contents of macromolecules, minerals and antinutrients were evaluated in seeds. These biostimulants significantly increased (P P < 0.0001) of antinutrients including oxalates, phytates, tannins and saponins in seeds compared to controls (T+ and T−). Treatment with biostimulants, in particular BS4, improves the performance of bean plants in the field as well as the biofortification of seeds regardless of the variety. 展开更多
关键词 phaseolus vulgaris L. Biostimulants BIOFORTIFICATION Growth and Defense Biomarkers Nutritional Value
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Comparative Experiments on Different Varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris L. under Dry Farming Conditions 被引量:1
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作者 郑少文 邢国明 +1 位作者 聂红玫 温变英 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2010年第6期87-89,共3页
[Objective] The aim was to screen varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris L.for cultivation in arid,semi-arid areas.[Method] The cultivation experiments of seven varieties of P.vulgaris under dry farming conditions were carri... [Objective] The aim was to screen varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris L.for cultivation in arid,semi-arid areas.[Method] The cultivation experiments of seven varieties of P.vulgaris under dry farming conditions were carried out in typical dry farming agriculture region Yangqu County in North China.[Result] The plants of Teyoutejiadou,Chaojiwujing and Xinxinyichiqingyuanlong were relatively strong;the growth rate of Aifeng,Jingxuanjiadouwang and Chaochangsijidou was relatively rapid;the transpiration rate of functional leaves of Aifeng was the lowest.The yield of Tianma 95-33 jiadouwang was significant higher than that of other varieties,the unit yield was up to 36.33 t/hm2,which was 1.39 times higher than that of Aifeng and 1.9 times higher than that of Xinxinyichiqingyuanlong;followed by the yield of Aifeng(26.07 t/hm2),which was 1.37 times higher than that of Xinxinyichiqingyuanlong.[Conclusion] The yield of Tianma 95-33 jiadouwang and Aifeng was relatively high,as well as the protein content,indicating that they were suitable to be applied and cultivated in the experimental plot and surrounding areas. 展开更多
关键词 phaseolus vulgaris L. VARIETY Growth indicators YIELD
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紫冠豆角(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)种子中α-淀粉酶抑制剂的提取及其性质研究 被引量:7
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作者 孙庆申 朱国庆 +2 位作者 王璇 冯国军 宋永 《食品工业科技》 CAS 北大核心 2021年第6期137-143,共7页
本研究采用盐溶的方法从紫冠豆角(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)种子中提取α-淀粉酶抑制剂(α-AI),将提取的α-AI用不同温度和pH处理,并评价其稳定性。在此基础上,以提取物对猪胰腺α-淀粉酶的抑制活性(IC_(50))为指标,分析了豆粉的细度(A)... 本研究采用盐溶的方法从紫冠豆角(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)种子中提取α-淀粉酶抑制剂(α-AI),将提取的α-AI用不同温度和pH处理,并评价其稳定性。在此基础上,以提取物对猪胰腺α-淀粉酶的抑制活性(IC_(50))为指标,分析了豆粉的细度(A)、料液比(B)、盐溶时间(C)三个因素对α-AI提取效果的影响,利用响应面分析法优化提取条件,通过对老豆角种子的深加工,实现提高其附加值的目的。结果表明:该α-AI为耐热性蛋白,在pH4~10的范围性质稳定,影响α-AI的IC_(50)因素按主次顺序排列为:豆粉的细度>料液比>盐溶时间,确定提取α-AI最佳工艺条件为:豆粉过60目筛(粒径<0.3 mm),料液质量体积比为1∶12(g/mL)、盐溶时间7.75 h。紫冠豆角种子α-AI的IC_(50)最优值为27.036±0.235μg/mL。 展开更多
关键词 紫冠豆角种子 淀粉酶抑制剂 响应面分析 工艺优化
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Leaf area development, dry weight accumulation and solar energy conversion efficiencies of Phaseolus vulgaris L. under different soil moisture levels near Nairobi, Kenya 被引量:2
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作者 M.M.Muniafu J.N.M.Macharia +1 位作者 C.J.Stigter G.L.Coulson 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 1999年第4期449-456,共8页
Leaf area development, dry weight accumulation and solar energy conversion efficiencies of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv GLP\|2 under two soil moisture levels in two contrasting seasons near Nairobi, Kenya were investigate... Leaf area development, dry weight accumulation and solar energy conversion efficiencies of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv GLP\|2 under two soil moisture levels in two contrasting seasons near Nairobi, Kenya were investigated. The experiment confirms that dry weights and yields of Phaseolus vulgaris are limited by a drought induced decrease in leaf area, leading to less radiation interception as a source for assimilation. However, photosynthetic efficiency in Phaseolus vulgaris also appears to decrease and to contribute to these effects. Finally, an even larger decreases of economic efficiency as obtained in the second season, where stress lasted much later into the season, reveals that such a drought also limits considerably the partitioning and translocation of assimilates to the seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris. The efficiencies obtained are in line with the better literature data for other crops. 展开更多
关键词 economic efficiency phaseolus vulgaris L. photosynthetic efficiency radiation absorption/interception tube solarimeters
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Effects of Different Ridge Culture Ways on Stem Diameter,Plant Height,the Number of Leaves and Yield of Phaseolus vulgaris L. under Dry Farming Conditions 被引量:1
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作者 NIE Hong-mei1,XING Guo-ming1,ZHENG Shao-wen1,WEN Bian-ying21. College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801 2. Vegetables Office in Yangqu County,Shanxi Province,Yangqu 030100 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2010年第5期59-61,共3页
The variety "Aifeng" was used as experimental material,and the stem diameter,plant height,the number of leaves and yield of P. vulgaris under three ways of ridge culture (bedding,high ridge and M ridge) were... The variety "Aifeng" was used as experimental material,and the stem diameter,plant height,the number of leaves and yield of P. vulgaris under three ways of ridge culture (bedding,high ridge and M ridge) were observed and detected to study the effects of different ridge cultures on the growth and yield. The results showed that the stem diameter,plant height,the number of leaves and yield under M ridge culture were higher than that of bedding and high ridge. 展开更多
关键词 phaseolus vulgaris L. Dry farming Ridge culture
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Ultrastructural Analysis of the Ontogenetic Development of Shoot Induced from Embryonic Axes of Costa Rican Bean Varieties (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>L.) under <i>in Vitro</i>Conditions by Scanning Electronic Microscopy
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作者 Marisol Jiménez Andrés Gatica +1 位作者 Ethel Sánchez Marta Valdez 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2012年第4期489-494,共6页
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an economic important crop and one of the major grain legumes for human consumption in Latin America, Africa and Asia. A morphological study of shoot induced from embryonic axes ... Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an economic important crop and one of the major grain legumes for human consumption in Latin America, Africa and Asia. A morphological study of shoot induced from embryonic axes development in four Costa Rican bean varieties (Brunca, Huetar, Guaymi and Bribri) cultivated on MS media with or without 5 mg·L–1 de N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was developed in the present work. Micrographs showed similarities and differences in the ultrastructure of the apical dome, epidermal surface, stomata and different types of trichomes in the varieties cultivated on organogenesis media. Genotypes with advantageous morphological characteristics for genetic transformation, in particular an exposed apical dome, were identified. This work will contribute to the optimization of the in vitro regeneration of four common bean varieties. 展开更多
关键词 phaseolus vulgaris L BEAN In Vitro ORGANOGENESIS SHOOT Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
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Response of Eight Market Classes of Dry Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>L.) to Pendimethalin
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作者 Nader Soltani Robert E. Nurse +1 位作者 Christy Shropshire Peter H. Sikkema 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2011年第6期835-840,共6页
There is little information on the tolerance of dry bean to pendimethalin. Field studies were conducted in 2007 to 2009 at Exeter, Ontario and in 2008 and 2009 at Ridgetown, Ontario to evaluate tolerance of black, cra... There is little information on the tolerance of dry bean to pendimethalin. Field studies were conducted in 2007 to 2009 at Exeter, Ontario and in 2008 and 2009 at Ridgetown, Ontario to evaluate tolerance of black, cranberry, kidney, otebo, pink, pinto, Small Red Mexican and white bean to the pendimethalin applied preplant incorporated at 1080 and 2160 g.a.i.ha-1. Pendimethalin PPI caused minimal injury in most market classes of dry bean at 1 and 2 WAE. There was no injury in various market classes of dry bean with the low dose at 1 and 2 weeks after emergence (WAE). However, at the high dose there was 0 to 4% injury at 1 WAE and 0 to 7% injury at 2 WAE in black, cranberry, kidney, otebo, pink, pinto, SRM and white bean. Pendimethalin PPI was more injurious in white bean than in black, cranberry, kidney, otebo, pink, pinto and SRM bean. Pink and SRM bean exhibited the most tolerance to pendimethalin applied PPI at 1080 g.ai.ha-1 or 2160 g.ai.ha-1. Pendimethalin caused no adverse effect on plant height, shoot dry weight, seed moisture content and seed yield of black, cranberry, kidney, otebo, pink, pinto, SRM and white bean. Based on these results, there is an adequate margin of crop safety for pendimethalin applied PPI at the proposed dose of 1080 g.ai.ha-1 in black, cranberry, kidney, otebo, pink, pinto, SRM and white bean in Ontario. 展开更多
关键词 Black BEAN CRANBERRY BEAN Kidney BEAN Otebo BEAN PENDIMETHALIN Pink BEAN Small Red Mexican BEAN phaseolus vulgaris L. White BEAN
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Nutritional and Mineral Variability in 52 Accessions of Common Bean Varieties(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)from Madeira Island
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作者 Carla S.S.Gouveia Gregório Freitas +2 位作者 José H.de Brito Jan J.Slaski Miguel A.A.Pinheiro de Carvalho 《Agricultural Sciences》 2014年第4期317-329,共13页
The Phaseolus vulgaris L. is one of the traditional and most important leguminous crops in the Island of Madeira. The island’s bioclimatic tiers, agro-ecological environment and traditional farming practices had a gr... The Phaseolus vulgaris L. is one of the traditional and most important leguminous crops in the Island of Madeira. The island’s bioclimatic tiers, agro-ecological environment and traditional farming practices had a great influence on the evolution of regional bean landraces. The variability of the nutritional and mineral seeds composition of 59 accessions of the Madeiran landraces, standard and commercial varieties was evaluated. Wide ranges of variability in biochemical parameters were reported among the Madeiran landraces, being the best sources of protein and mineral nutrition, according to the statistical results and literature comparative evaluation. Specifically, the content (g per 100 g DW) of ash ranged from 3.64-5.67, lipids from 0.57-2.86, protein from 18.55-29.69, starch from 23.40-52.65, soluble sugars from 2.97-6.84, while content of dry matter was from 83.35-93.55. The seeds also contained (per 100 g DW) between 2.55-4.83 g N, 0.30-7.50 g P, 1.30-2.49 g K, 0.10-0.18 g Mg, 4.10-10.00 mg Fe, 50.0-1.40 mg Cu, 2.20-5.00 mg Zn, 0.90-3.80 μg Mn and 0.20-2.40 μg B. This variability implies that the screened germplasm could serve as a source for breeding new varieties with improved biochemical and nutritional traits or could be highly recommended to meet specific dietary requirements. The cultivar Vaginha Grossa (ISOP 713) revealed low carbohydrate content that could be a good food choice for diabetics, while cultivar Vermelho (ISOP 724) bean should be offered as a valuable alternative source of protein and minerals in the local diet. 展开更多
关键词 phaseolus vulgaris L. BEANS Genetic Resources Proximal Analysis Nutritional Value Mineral Composition VARIABILITY Food Quality
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六价铬对红芸豆种子萌发和幼苗生长的毒害作用及外源NO的缓解效应 被引量:1
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作者 杨小环 杨婧怡 +3 位作者 王子然 王成龙 宋亚萍 马金虎 《中国生态农业学报(中英文)》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第8期1366-1376,共11页
为了研究铬(Cr)对红芸豆种子萌发和早期幼苗生长的胁迫作用及硝普钠(SNP,NO供体)的缓解作用,以红芸豆品种‘红芸3号’为试材,采用纸间发芽方法和水培法,研究Cr和外源NO对红芸豆种子萌发、种胚和幼苗抗氧化系统、幼苗光合特性以及营养元... 为了研究铬(Cr)对红芸豆种子萌发和早期幼苗生长的胁迫作用及硝普钠(SNP,NO供体)的缓解作用,以红芸豆品种‘红芸3号’为试材,采用纸间发芽方法和水培法,研究Cr和外源NO对红芸豆种子萌发、种胚和幼苗抗氧化系统、幼苗光合特性以及营养元素吸收转运的影响。结果表明,20μmol·L^(−1)K_(2)Cr_(2)O_(7)胁迫诱发红芸豆种胚和幼苗氧化损伤,抑制幼苗对营养元素的吸收和转运,降低幼苗光合作用,进而抑制红芸豆种子萌发和早期幼苗的生长。添加100μmol·L^(−1)SNP(外源NO)可减轻Cr对种胚和幼苗的氧化胁迫伤害,降低Cr在幼苗中的积累,促进幼苗对营养元素的吸收和转运,增强幼苗光合作用。种子萌发生长72 h时,20μmol·L^(−1)K_(2)Cr_(2)O_(7)胁迫下添加SNP,种胚H_(2)O_(2)、O_(2)^(-)和MDA含量分别比Cr胁迫处理降低36.15%、30.96%和34.97%;Cr胁迫下,添加SNP幼苗生长10 d,根系H_(2)O_(2)、O_(2)^(-)和MDA含量分别比Cr胁迫处理降低55.25%、48.60%和33.54%,叶片H_(2)O_(2)、O_(2)^(-)和MDA含量分别比Cr胁迫处理降低27.71%、36.40%和53.85%,根系活力比Cr胁迫处理升高59.16%;幼苗根和叶中Cr含量比Cr胁迫处理降低69.14%和24.08%,幼苗根中Mg、Fe、Cu和Zn含量比Cr胁迫处理分别增加37.10%、17.96%、5.17%和13.60%,幼苗叶中Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn元素含量比Cr胁迫处理分别增加32.57%、29.49%、22.45%和36.07%;幼苗净光合速率和PSⅡ最大光合效率比Cr胁迫处理提高58.60%和11.27%。外源NO通过诱导种胚抗氧化酶活性提高,降低幼苗对Cr的吸收,促进幼苗对营养元素的吸收和转运,增强幼苗光合作用,缓解Cr对红芸豆种子萌发和早期幼苗生长的胁迫作用。 展开更多
关键词 红芸豆 一氧化氮(NO) 铬(Cr)胁迫 种子萌发 幼苗生长
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外源褪黑素对碱胁迫下菜豆幼苗的缓解效应
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作者 时侦熙 苏艺 +3 位作者 杨晓旭 刘大军 刘畅 冯国军 《北方园艺》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第7期17-26,共10页
以菜豆耐碱品种“粉冠”及相对碱敏感品种“1-4-3-1-1”为试材,采用营养液水培法,设置对照(CK)、外源0.1μmol·L^(-1)褪黑素(MT)、60 mmol·L^(-1)NaHCO_(3)溶液碱胁迫(S)、碱胁迫下添加褪黑素(S+MT)4个处理,研究了外源褪黑素... 以菜豆耐碱品种“粉冠”及相对碱敏感品种“1-4-3-1-1”为试材,采用营养液水培法,设置对照(CK)、外源0.1μmol·L^(-1)褪黑素(MT)、60 mmol·L^(-1)NaHCO_(3)溶液碱胁迫(S)、碱胁迫下添加褪黑素(S+MT)4个处理,研究了外源褪黑素对碱胁迫下菜豆幼苗生长及耐碱性的影响,以期为盐碱地区提高菜豆的耐碱能力提供参考依据。结果表明:褪黑素能够降低碱胁迫对菜豆幼苗生物膜的伤害,增加生物量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性以及可溶性蛋白质含量,提高叶片的脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量及根系的过氧化物酶(POD)活性;2个菜豆品种对碱胁迫的生理响应不同,“粉冠”的耐碱能力更强,褪黑素能够有效缓解碱胁迫对菜豆幼苗的伤害,而且对相对碱敏感品种“1-4-3-1-1”的缓解效果更好。 展开更多
关键词 菜豆 碱胁迫 褪黑素 幼苗
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硝普钠浸种对复合盐碱胁迫下红芸豆种子萌发和内源激素含量的影响
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作者 王成龙 王子然 +3 位作者 杨婧怡 宋亚萍 马金虎 杨小环 《核农学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第7期1398-1407,共10页
为探究硝普钠(SNP,NO供体)浸种对复合盐碱胁迫下红芸豆种子萌发和内源激素含量的影响,以芸选2号红芸豆种子为材料,采用响应面(RSA)和主成分分析法(PCA)优选硝普钠浸种提高复合盐碱胁迫下红芸豆种子萌发的条件;以最佳硝普钠浸种条件对种... 为探究硝普钠(SNP,NO供体)浸种对复合盐碱胁迫下红芸豆种子萌发和内源激素含量的影响,以芸选2号红芸豆种子为材料,采用响应面(RSA)和主成分分析法(PCA)优选硝普钠浸种提高复合盐碱胁迫下红芸豆种子萌发的条件;以最佳硝普钠浸种条件对种子进行浸种处理,研究复合盐碱胁迫下,外源NO对种胚保护酶系统以及种胚内源激素含量变化的影响。结果表明,50 mmol·L^(-1)复合盐碱溶液胁迫下,以发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、根长和种胚干重为目标,经RSA和PCA得到SNP浸种促进盐碱胁迫种子萌发生长的最佳浓度为0.3 mmol·L^(-1),浸种时间为12 h。50 mmol·L^(-1)盐碱胁迫下,用0.3 mmol·L^(-1) SNP对种子浸种处理后,种子的发芽率和发芽势分别较去离子水浸种处理提高38.17和10.83个百分点,发芽指数和活力指数分别较去离子水浸种处理提高19.56%和23.74%。与去离子水浸种处理相比,0.3 mmol·L^(-1) SNP浸种处理种胚萌发72 h的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性分别提高9.26%、59.79%和36.14%;过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))、超氧阴离子(O_(2)^(-))和丙二醛(MDA)含量分别降低45.45%、37.71%和25.51%。盐碱胁迫下,0.3 mmol·L^(-1) SNP浸种处理相较于去离子水浸种处理,种胚脱落酸(ABA)含量降低,赤霉素(GA_(3))含量和GA_(3)/ABA值提高。其中种子萌发48和96 h时,SNP浸种处理种胚ABA含量分别较去离子水浸种处理降低12.89%和29.99%,GA_(3)含量分别较去离子水浸种处理升高12.52%和85.79%,GA_(3)/ABA值分别较去离子水浸种处理高3.45和2.06。综上,外源NO可通过提高盐碱胁迫下红芸豆种胚抗氧化酶活性,降低ABA含量来提高GA_(3)含量,进而减轻盐碱氧化胁迫伤害,促进种子萌发。本研究结果为红芸豆抗盐碱高产栽培提供了理论依据。 展开更多
关键词 红芸豆 一氧化氮 复合盐碱胁迫 种子萌发 内源激素
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2,4-表油菜素内酯对盐碱胁迫下芸豆幼苗生长及生理特性的影响
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作者 马媛媛 王智 +2 位作者 曹金萍 罗新锐 王玉萍 《西北植物学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第8期1181-1189,共9页
【目的】探讨外源2,4-表油菜素内酯(2,4-EBR)缓解芸豆幼苗盐碱胁迫伤害的生理机制,为应用2,4-EBR缓解豆类植物盐碱胁迫提供依据。【方法】以盆栽‘芸选2号’幼苗为材料,研究在100 mmol/L盐碱胁迫下,喷施0.1 mg/L 2,4-EBR和4.0 mg/L油菜... 【目的】探讨外源2,4-表油菜素内酯(2,4-EBR)缓解芸豆幼苗盐碱胁迫伤害的生理机制,为应用2,4-EBR缓解豆类植物盐碱胁迫提供依据。【方法】以盆栽‘芸选2号’幼苗为材料,研究在100 mmol/L盐碱胁迫下,喷施0.1 mg/L 2,4-EBR和4.0 mg/L油菜素内酯抑制剂芸苔素唑(BRZ)对幼苗生长、光合气体交换参数、抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质含量的影响。【结果】盐碱胁迫下芸豆叶片卷缩枯萎,株高、叶面积、主根长、光合色素含量、净光合速率(P_(n))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))、气孔导度(G_(s))均显著下降(P<0.05),脯氨酸(Pro)、可溶性糖(SS)含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性,相对电导率(REC)、丙二醛(MDA)含量和胞间CO_(2)浓度(C_(i))显著升高。喷施2,4-EBR处理能缓解盐碱胁迫造成的叶片枯萎和卷缩,植株生长状况逐渐转好,同时有效降低幼苗叶片REC、MDA和C_(i),显著提高株高、叶面积、主根长、Pro、SS、P_(n)、T_(r)、G_(s)及SOD、POD、CAT和APX活性,但外源2,4-EBR诱导的这些芸豆抗盐碱效应在加入BRZ后受到逆转。【结论】外源2,4-EBR处理能够提高芸豆叶片抗氧化系统酶活性和渗透调节物质含量,减轻盐碱胁迫造成的膜脂过氧化伤害及对光合作用的非气孔限制,促进幼苗生长,增强抗盐碱能力。 展开更多
关键词 芸豆 盐碱胁迫 2 4-表油菜素内酯(2 4-EBR) 芸苔素唑(BRZ) 光合作用 渗透调节 抗氧化酶
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Photosynthetic Gas Exchange and Nitrogen Assimilation in Green Bean Plants Supplied with Two Sources of Silicon
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作者 Julio C.Anchondo-Páez Esteban Sánchez +2 位作者 Carlos A.Ramírez-Estrada Alondra Salcido-Martínez Erick H.Ochoa-Chaparro 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2024年第5期963-980,共18页
Beans contain a wide range of vitamins,proteins,calcium,and zinc which make them an important food source for many countries.To meet the demand for bean production worldwide,large amounts of fertilizers and pesticides... Beans contain a wide range of vitamins,proteins,calcium,and zinc which make them an important food source for many countries.To meet the demand for bean production worldwide,large amounts of fertilizers and pesticides are used.However,the cost of production and environmental impact increases.To produce food sustainably,the use of beneficial nutrients such as silicon as a biostimulant has been proposed.However,information about the effect of different sources of silicon on the metabolism of bean plants is scarce.Bean plants cv.Strike were grown in pots for 60 days and the effect of foliar application of silicon nanoparticles and the silicon-based biostimulant Codasilat 4 concentrations(0,1,2,and 4 mM)on total biomass,yield,photosynthetic pigment concentration,photosynthetic activity,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,chlorophyll fluorescence,and nitrogen assimilation were evaluated.The results obtained showed that the supply of silicon at a dose of 1 mM functioned as a biostimulant,favoring gas exchange and nitrogen assimilation within the plant,which stimulated growth and yield.The results of this research work allowed a better comprehension of the effects of silicon application through silicon nanoparticles and the biostimulant Codasilon the physiology of green bean plants. 展开更多
关键词 NANOPARTICLES SILICON phaseolus vulgaris L.
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四季豆叶挥发性化学物质对西花蓟马趋向行为的影响 被引量:1
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作者 张治科 虎花 尚小霞 《山东农业大学学报(自然科学版)》 北大核心 2023年第2期224-230,共7页
为筛选对西花蓟马具有生物活性的四季豆挥发性化学物质,阐明西花蓟马与四季豆之间的化学通讯机制以及开辟防控西花蓟马新的策略和途径提供理论依据。本研究采用固相萃取结合气相色谱质谱联用仪分析了四季豆叶片释放的挥发性物质,利用“... 为筛选对西花蓟马具有生物活性的四季豆挥发性化学物质,阐明西花蓟马与四季豆之间的化学通讯机制以及开辟防控西花蓟马新的策略和途径提供理论依据。本研究采用固相萃取结合气相色谱质谱联用仪分析了四季豆叶片释放的挥发性物质,利用“Y”型嗅觉仪测定了西花蓟马对不同浓度的5种挥发性化合物的行为反应。结果表明:四季豆叶片中共鉴定出乙酸叶醇酯(36.38%)、2-已烯醛(7.88%)、顺-3-己烯-1-醇(39.81%)和正己醇(4.42%)等52种挥发性化合物,可归为酯类、醛类、烷烃类、环烷烃类等10类。西花蓟马对浓度为10^(-1)~10^(-5)的1-辛烯3-醇、10^(-3)和10^(-5)的乙酸叶醇酯、10^(-2)和10^(-5)的1-戊烯-3-醇及10^(-3)的异戊酸叶醇酯具有一定的趋向反应;对10^(-1)~10^(-2)和10^(-4)~10^(-5)的异戊酸叶醇酯、10^(-2)和10^(-4)的苯乙醛及10^(-1)的1-戊烯-3-醇有一定的忌避反应;对10^(-1)、10^(-2)、10^(-4)的乙酸叶醇酯、10^(-1)和10^(-3)的苯乙醛及10^(-4)的1-戊烯-3-醇没有明显的行为定向反应。本研究结果为阐明西花蓟马与寄主植物四季豆间的化学通讯机制及开发西花蓟马引诱剂或趋避剂奠定理论基础。 展开更多
关键词 四季豆 挥发性化合物 西花蓟马 行为反应
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不同菜豆种质资源中荚壁纤维含量及组成分析 被引量:2
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作者 广宏丽 冯国军 +3 位作者 刘大军 杨晓旭 闫志山 刘畅 《中国蔬菜》 北大核心 2023年第6期67-76,共10页
菜豆荚壁纤维含量直接影响口感品质,是品种选育的重要指标。为了研究不同种质资源中菜豆荚壁纤维的含量及其组成成分,对158份菜豆商品种质荚壁的粗纤维素、纤维素、半纤维素、木质素含量进行测定分析,其次分别对粗纤维素含量高和低的两... 菜豆荚壁纤维含量直接影响口感品质,是品种选育的重要指标。为了研究不同种质资源中菜豆荚壁纤维的含量及其组成成分,对158份菜豆商品种质荚壁的粗纤维素、纤维素、半纤维素、木质素含量进行测定分析,其次分别对粗纤维素含量高和低的两个种质不同发育时期的荚壁纤维含量、木质素合成相关酶活性和MDA含量进行测定。结果显示,可将158份菜豆种质按粗纤维素含量的高低分为3类:第Ⅰ类为高纤维含量,第Ⅱ类为中纤维含量,第Ⅲ类为低纤维含量。木质素是引起菜豆荚壁纤维含量升高的主要因子,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性越高越不利于木质素的积累,丙二醛(MDA)含量和过氧化物酶(POD)活性升高则加速其木质化进程。 展开更多
关键词 菜豆 荚壁纤维组成 纤维素 半纤维素 木质素
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菜豆紫化突变体‘pv-pur’耐碱胁迫能力
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作者 黄誉程 冯国军 +3 位作者 刘大军 杨晓旭 闫志山 刘畅 《北方园艺》 CAS 北大核心 2023年第10期52-56,共5页
以菜豆紫化突变体‘pv-pur’及其野生型‘A18-1’为试材,采用水培法,以0 mmol·L^(-1)NaHCO3为对照(CK),处理添加50 mmol·L^(-1)NaHCO3,测定菜豆幼苗的农艺性状、光合参数、丙二醛(MDA)含量以及抗氧化酶活性等指标,研究了碱胁... 以菜豆紫化突变体‘pv-pur’及其野生型‘A18-1’为试材,采用水培法,以0 mmol·L^(-1)NaHCO3为对照(CK),处理添加50 mmol·L^(-1)NaHCO3,测定菜豆幼苗的农艺性状、光合参数、丙二醛(MDA)含量以及抗氧化酶活性等指标,研究了碱胁迫对菜豆紫化突变体的影响,以期探究人工诱变的菜豆紫化突变体对碱胁迫的响应能力。结果表明:‘pv-pur’的农艺性状指标减少程度显著低于‘A18-1’,光合作用与呼吸作用受抑制程度显著高于‘A18-1’,MDA含量显著高于‘A18-1’,抗氧化酶活性显著低于‘A18-1’。综上,与野生型相比碱处理下‘pv-pur’受到胁迫损害程度更高,这可能是诱变时辐射对植株造成的损伤所致,‘pv-pur’为碱敏感突变体,在栽培时应避免选择碱性土壤。 展开更多
关键词 菜豆 突变体 碱胁迫
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再生水灌溉对玉米和大豆抗氧化酶系统的影响 被引量:26
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作者 苗战霞 黄占斌 +1 位作者 侯利伟 赵晨宇 《农业环境科学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2007年第4期1338-1342,共5页
再生水应用于农田灌溉是缓解农业用水紧张和解决污水环境污染的重要措施。作物抗氧化酶系统变化是其对外界环境因素变化响应的较早预警指标。本研究采用盆栽试验方法,以清水和原污水灌溉为对照,比较了二级再生水和三级再生水灌溉对玉米(... 再生水应用于农田灌溉是缓解农业用水紧张和解决污水环境污染的重要措施。作物抗氧化酶系统变化是其对外界环境因素变化响应的较早预警指标。本研究采用盆栽试验方法,以清水和原污水灌溉为对照,比较了二级再生水和三级再生水灌溉对玉米(Zeamays L.)和大豆(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)不同生长阶段叶片中超氧化歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和丙二醛(MDA)的影响。结果表明,与清水对照相比,二级再生水灌溉对玉米苗期抗氧化酶系统有一定影响,对玉米后期抗氧化酶系统的影响减小;三级再生水灌溉对玉米抗氧化酶系统影响不显著。再生水灌溉对大豆苗期和收获期抗氧化酶系统影响较小,但对其花期生长产生较强的氧化胁迫。这些结果极大丰富了再生水农田安全灌溉应用基础。 展开更多
关键词 再生水 玉米(Zea mays L.) 大豆(phaseolus vulgaris L.) 超氧化歧化酶(SOD) 过氧化物酶(POD) 丙二醛(MDA)
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再生水灌溉时期和方式对作物生长及品质的影响 被引量:21
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作者 黄占斌 苗战霞 +2 位作者 侯利伟 焦志华 马敏 《农业环境科学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2007年第6期2257-2261,共5页
采用北京高碑店污水处理厂再生水(二沉池出水),以清水为对照,于2005—2006年进行了玉米和大豆种植盆栽试验,比较再生水不同灌溉方式(纯灌、与清水混灌和交替灌)和灌溉时期(全生育期、生育前期和后期)对作物生长、产量及品质影响。结果表... 采用北京高碑店污水处理厂再生水(二沉池出水),以清水为对照,于2005—2006年进行了玉米和大豆种植盆栽试验,比较再生水不同灌溉方式(纯灌、与清水混灌和交替灌)和灌溉时期(全生育期、生育前期和后期)对作物生长、产量及品质影响。结果表明,再生水在玉米苗期灌溉对生长有一定抑制作用,但在拔节期后灌溉能明显促进玉米生长,玉米籽粒产量不降低或有所增加;再生水以纯灌和混灌方式在各个时期灌溉都能促进大豆整个生育期生长,明显促进籽粒产量提高。再生水灌溉对玉米和大豆籽粒粗蛋白、粗淀粉无显著影响,但粗灰分效应有别。再生水灌溉降低玉米籽粒铁含量,重金属铅和镉在玉米和大豆不同器官内含量不同,其分布规律是:根>茎、叶>>籽粒,再生水灌溉的玉米和大豆籽粒中铅和镉含量均满足国家粮食安全标准,但再生水灌溉有增加大豆籽粒中镉含量的趋势。这些结果对评价再生水灌溉对作物生产影响及应用有重要参考意义。 展开更多
关键词 再生水 玉米 大豆 生长 品质 重金属
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砷对土壤生物学活性及蔬菜毒性的影响 被引量:29
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作者 李道林 何方 +1 位作者 马成泽 田超 《农业环境保护》 CAS CSCD 2000年第3期148-151,共4页
通过室内培养及室外盆栽实验 ,研究了砷在粘盘黄褐土、红壤 (高肥力、低肥力 )、水稻土上的生物学效应。研究结果表明 ,砷浓度<30mg/kg时对土壤中纤维素的分解有刺激作用 ,砷浓度>60mg/kg 时对土壤中纤维素分解有抑制作用 ;砷对... 通过室内培养及室外盆栽实验 ,研究了砷在粘盘黄褐土、红壤 (高肥力、低肥力 )、水稻土上的生物学效应。研究结果表明 ,砷浓度<30mg/kg时对土壤中纤维素的分解有刺激作用 ,砷浓度>60mg/kg 时对土壤中纤维素分解有抑制作用 ;砷对土壤呼吸强度的影响不显著 ;施入有机物料可以减轻砷对微生物的毒害作用。四季豆是对砷敏感的作物 ,砷浓度>30mg/kg 时产生明显的中毒症状 ;施入磷肥可加重砷对四季豆的毒害作用。 展开更多
关键词 砷污染 生物学活性 蔬菜 毒性 土壤污染
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