Phenazine-based non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs)have demonstrated great potential in improving the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of organic solar cells(OSCs).Halogenation is known to be an effective strategy for increa...Phenazine-based non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs)have demonstrated great potential in improving the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of organic solar cells(OSCs).Halogenation is known to be an effective strategy for increasing optical absorption,refining energy levels,and improving molecular packing in organic semiconductors.Herein,a series of NFAs(Pz IC-4H,Pz IC-4F,Pz IC-4Cl,Pz IC-2Br)with phenazine as the central core and with/without halogen-substituted(dicyanomethylidene)-indan-1-one(IC)as the electron-accepting end group were synthesized,and the effect of end group matched phenazine central unit on the photovoltaic performance was systematically studied.Synergetic photophysical and morphological analyses revealed that the PM6:Pz IC-4F blend involves efficient exciton dissociation,higher charge collection and transfer rates,better crystallinity,and optimal phase separation.Therefore,OSCs based on PM6:Pz IC-4F as the active layer exhibited a PCE of 16.48%with an open circuit voltage(Voc)and energy loss of 0.880 V and 0.53 e V,respectively.Accordingly,this work demonstrated a promising approach by designing phenazine-based NFAs for achieving high-performance OSCs.展开更多
Phenazines are secondary metabolites with broad spectrum antibiotic activity and thus show high potential in biological control of pathogens. In this study, we identified phenazine biosynthesis (phz) genes in two ge...Phenazines are secondary metabolites with broad spectrum antibiotic activity and thus show high potential in biological control of pathogens. In this study, we identified phenazine biosynthesis (phz) genes in two genome-completed plant pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) PXO99A. Unlike the phz genes in typical phenazine-producing pseudomonads, phz homologs in Pst DC3000 and Xoo PXO99A consisted of phzC/D/E/F/G and phzC/E1/E2/F/G, respectively, and the both were not organized into an operon. Detection experiments demonstrated that phenazine-l-carboxylic acid (PCA) of Pst DC3000 accumulated to 13.4 IJg L-1, while that of Xoo PXO99A was almost undetectable. Moreover, Pst DC3000 was resistant to 1 mg mL-1 PCA, while Xoo PXO99A was sensitive to 50 IJg mL ~ PCA. Furthermore, mutation of phzF blocked the PCA production and significantly reduced the pathogenicity of Pst DC3000 in tomato, while the complementary strains restored these phenotypes. These results revealed that Pst DC3000 produces low level of and is resistant to phenazines and thus is unable to be biologically controlled by phenazines. Additionally, phz-mediated PCA production is required for full pathogenicity of Pst DC3000. To our knowledge, this is the first report of PCA production and its function in pathogenicity of a plant pathogenic P. syringae strain.展开更多
The title complex, [Mn(DPPZ)(PZDC)(H2O)] 1 (DPPZ = dipyrido[3,2 -a:2',3'- c]phenazine and H2PZDC = pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid), has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by X-ra...The title complex, [Mn(DPPZ)(PZDC)(H2O)] 1 (DPPZ = dipyrido[3,2 -a:2',3'- c]phenazine and H2PZDC = pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid), has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction, elemental analyses, IR, TG- DTA and magnetic susceptibility measurement. It crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1^- with a = 6.6842(5), b = 7.5741(6), c = 20.5755(15)A, α = 90.1160(10), β = 97.0560(10), γ = 97.3350(10)°, V= 1025.16(13)A^3, Z = 2, MnC24H14N6O5, Mr= 521.35, Dc= 1.689 g/cm^3, F(000) = 530, μ(MoKa) = 0.699 mm^-1, R = 0.0366 and wR = 0.0810. Compound 1 contains one- dimensional chains which are further stacked through π-π interactions to form a 3D supramolecular architecture. The water molecule O(1W) is involved in hydrogen bonding interactions with symmetric carboxylate oxygen atom 0(4) at (x+ 1, y+1, z) and symmetric PZDC nitrogen atom N(6) at (1-x, 1-y, 1-z), which completes the structure of 1. Magnetic susceptibility measurement indicates that the compound behaves a weak antiferromagnetic exchange interaction.展开更多
The binding of Co (phen)2dppz3+ to calf thymus DNA,as investigated using absorption spectroscopy. viscosity and electrophoresis measurements,here dppz is dipyrido[3, 2-a: 2'3'-c]phenazine. The compound shows a...The binding of Co (phen)2dppz3+ to calf thymus DNA,as investigated using absorption spectroscopy. viscosity and electrophoresis measurements,here dppz is dipyrido[3, 2-a: 2'3'-c]phenazine. The compound shows absorption hypochromicity and the specific viscosity increased upon binding to calf thymus DNA The complex is also shown to be more efficient photosensitisers for single strand breaks in plasmid DNA展开更多
Two new metal-organic complexes,{[Co2(bptc)(DPPZ)2(H2O)2]·H2O}n 1 and {[Co2(ccm)2(DPPZ)2]·2H2O}n 2,were obtained by the hydrothermal reactions of Co(NO3)2·6H2O with chelating ligand dipyrido...Two new metal-organic complexes,{[Co2(bptc)(DPPZ)2(H2O)2]·H2O}n 1 and {[Co2(ccm)2(DPPZ)2]·2H2O}n 2,were obtained by the hydrothermal reactions of Co(NO3)2·6H2O with chelating ligand dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine(DPPZ) and the corresponding carboxylic acid,namely,3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid(H4bptc) or 2-carboxycinnamic acid(H2ccm),respectively.The complexes were structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,elemental analyses,IR spectra,and thermal gravimetry.1 presents unique chiral chain structures,which are further consolidated into three-dimensional supramolecular frameworks via noncovalent bonds,such as hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions.2 features infinite double-chain structures,which are connected by strong π-π interactions to result in three-dimensional supramolecular architectures.展开更多
A binuclear zinc(Ⅱ) complex with 2-carboxycinnamic acid (2-ccm) and dipyrido- [3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (DPPZ), {[Zn2(2-ccm)2(DPPZ)2]·2H2O}n, was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, ...A binuclear zinc(Ⅱ) complex with 2-carboxycinnamic acid (2-ccm) and dipyrido- [3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (DPPZ), {[Zn2(2-ccm)2(DPPZ)2]·2H2O}n, was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetry and fluo- rescent emission. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 13.409(4), b = 25.530(7), c = 13.952(4) A, β = 99.554(3)°, V= 4710(2) A3, Z= 4, C56H36N8O10Zn2, Mr= 1111.67, Dc = 1.568 g/cm3, μ(MoKα) = 1.093 mm^-1, F(000) = 2272, R = 0.0422 and wR = 0.0895. In the crystal, the basic unit of 1 is a binuclear Zn2 entity which is linked by 2-ccm ligand to form a 1D double chain along the a axis. The O-H...O hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions lead to a 3D supramolecular motif. In addition, thermal and luminescent properties of complex 1 have also been investigated.展开更多
A new monometallic complex [Co(phen)_2tpphz]^(3+) (where tpphz is tetrapyrido [3,2-a:2′,3′-c:3″,2″-h:2′″,3′″-j] phenazine) was synthesized by the reaction of 5, 6-diamino-1,10-phenanthroline with [Co(phen)_2(p...A new monometallic complex [Co(phen)_2tpphz]^(3+) (where tpphz is tetrapyrido [3,2-a:2′,3′-c:3″,2″-h:2′″,3′″-j] phenazine) was synthesized by the reaction of 5, 6-diamino-1,10-phenanthroline with [Co(phen)_2(phendione)]^(3+). It was characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, IR, ~1H NMR, ultraviolet and fluorescence spectroscopy. The interaction of the complex with DNA was also investigated. The complex shows the absorption hypochromicity, fluorescence enhancement, the specific viscosity increased when bound to calf thymus DNA. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurement showed a change in peak current with the addition of DNA. All the results provide the support for the intercalative binding mode of the mononuclear complex.展开更多
Two novel coordination compounds, [Cd2(HBTC)2(DPPZ)2(H2O)3].2H2O (1) and [Cu2(HBTC)2(DPPZ)2(HEO)]n (2) based on 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (H3BTC) and dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (DPPZ...Two novel coordination compounds, [Cd2(HBTC)2(DPPZ)2(H2O)3].2H2O (1) and [Cu2(HBTC)2(DPPZ)2(HEO)]n (2) based on 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (H3BTC) and dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (DPPZ) ligands, have been constructed under hydrothermal conditions. Two complexes are characterized by elemental analysis, IR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Structural analyses show that both complexes 1 and 2 present the three-dimensional supramolecular structures. In addition, two complexes exhibit luminescence property.展开更多
Candida albicans has ability to switch from yeast to hyphal form which is an important virulence factor. The objective of the research is to study the effect of Phenazine Methosulphate (PMS) on virulence factors and t...Candida albicans has ability to switch from yeast to hyphal form which is an important virulence factor. The objective of the research is to study the effect of Phenazine Methosulphate (PMS) on virulence factors and to study expression profile in yeast to hyphal form transition in C. albicans. Phenazine Methosulphate (PMS) acted as an inhibitor of yeast to hyphal form transition, adhesion and biofilm formation in C. albicans. RTPCR study demonstrated that PMS Modulate the expression of genes involved in Ras1-cAMP-Efg1 and Cek1-MAPK signal transduction pathways. Cell cycle of C. albicans was arrested at S phase on treatment of PMS. Hyphal suppressor genes like Tup1, Mig1 and Nrg1 were upregulated by PMS. Based on our data on expression of genes during yeast to hyphal form transition in presence and absence of PMS, we hypothesize that inhibition of hyphal formation may be due to the overexpression of negative regulators of hyphal growth. Targeting of hyphal specific genes involved in these pathways may be a promising strategy for anti-candida drug development.展开更多
ABSTRAC Two new complexes [Cd(2,4'-bpdc)(DPPZ)]2n·n H2O(1) and [Zn(2,4'-Hbpdc)2(DPPZ)]· H2O(DPPZ = dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine, 2,4'-H2bpdc = 2,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid) have been...ABSTRAC Two new complexes [Cd(2,4'-bpdc)(DPPZ)]2n·n H2O(1) and [Zn(2,4'-Hbpdc)2(DPPZ)]· H2O(DPPZ = dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine, 2,4'-H2bpdc = 2,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid) have been hydrothermally synthesized. The structure of complex 1 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction diffraction and further characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectrum, powder X-ray diffraction(XRD) and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 has 1D chains, which are further connected by π-π stacking interactions of neighbouring chains, generating a steady 3D supramolecular structure. Complex 2 shows the isolated mononuclear units, which are further extended to a 2D supramolecular layered structure through π-π stacking interactions and hydrogen bonds. Furthermore, complexes 1 and 2 exhibit green photoluminescent properties at room temperature.展开更多
The unprecedented problem of antibiotic resistance has become a major challenge for public health,which has contributed to an increase in infections caused by such bacteria.These microbial infections,typically biofilm...The unprecedented problem of antibiotic resistance has become a major challenge for public health,which has contributed to an increase in infections caused by such bacteria.These microbial infections,typically biofilm-related,are alsocoupled to an increase in human mortality and morbidity.However,the demand for new antimicrobial agents hasincreased along with the evolution of microbial resistance mechanisms.Natural products produced by bacteria,such as phenazines,have been recognized as an important source for the development of new antimicrobial agents,through the exploitation of their capacity to increase oxidative stress in other organisms.Phenazines are a large groupof nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds and are essential for several cellular processes including iron acquisition,signaling events,enzymatic processes,and biofilm formation.Phenazine-inspired antibiotics(i.e.,2-bromo-1-hydroxyphenazine,2,4-dibromo-1-hydroxyphenazine,bromophenazine-21,phenazine-13,and phenazine-14)are veryactive against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria,including those associated with severe infections.In this study,mechanisms of phenazine-inspired antibiotics in the cellular processes of planktonic and sessilebacteria are reviewed.Moreover,the application of phenazine-inspired antibiotics for the eradication of multidrugresistant planktonic and biofilm bacterial infections is also reviewed.展开更多
Photosensitizing supramolecular assemblies based on a phenazine derivative(PPA)have been developed,which show a strong affinity toward Pd2+ions to generate supramolecular ensemble PPA@Pd nanoparticles(NPs).The PPA@Pd ...Photosensitizing supramolecular assemblies based on a phenazine derivative(PPA)have been developed,which show a strong affinity toward Pd2+ions to generate supramolecular ensemble PPA@Pd nanoparticles(NPs).The PPA@Pd NPs catalyse the Suzuki cross-coupled reaction under mild conditions(aerial conditions,mixed aqueous media,and visible light radiations).Although PPA@Pd NPs exhibit a strong affinity for arylboronic acid and could catalyse homocoupling of arylboronic acid,the preference of PPA assemblies for aryl halide directed the course of reactions toward the formation of cross-coupled products.The electron-rich PPA assemblies not only facilitate the oxidative addition step through photoinduced electron transfer to Pd^(2+)ions but also bring the reactants closer to the catalytic sites by selective interactions with aryl halides in the presence of arylboronic acid under visible light irradiation.The efficiency of PPA@Pd NPs to catalyse the Suzuki crosscoupled reaction has been demonstrated for the synthesis of unsymmetrically substituted terphenyl derivatives.展开更多
Disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water have caused worldwide concern due to their potential carcinogenic effects. The formation of phenazine from diphenylamine (DPhA) chloramination was studied and its ...Disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water have caused worldwide concern due to their potential carcinogenic effects. The formation of phenazine from diphenylamine (DPhA) chloramination was studied and its cytotoxicities for two human cancer cells were also investigated. Phenazine was detected synchronously with the consumption of DPhA by chloramination, which further confirmed that the new DBP phenazine can be produced along with N-nitrosodiphenylamine (NDPhA) from DPhA chloramination. The formation of phenazine had a maximum molar yield with solution pH increasing from 5.0 to 9.0, with phenazine as the main product for DPhA chloramination at lower pH, but higher pH favored the formation of NDPhA. Thus, solution pH is the key factor in controlling the formation of phenazine and NDPhA. Both the initial DPhA and chloramine concentrations did not show a significant effect on the molar yields of phenazine, although increasing the chloramine concentration could speed up the reaction rate of DPhA with chloramines. The cytotoxicity assays showed that phenazine had significant cell-specific toxicity towards T24 (bladder cancer cell lines) and HepG2 (hepatic tumor cell lines) cells with IC50 values of 0.50 and 2.04 mmol/L, respectively, and T24 cells being more sensitive to phenazine than HepG2 cells. The ICs0 values of phenazine, DPhA, and NDPhA for T24 cells were of the same order of magnitude and the cytotoxicity of phenazine for T24 cells was slightly lower than that of NDPhA (IC50, 0.16 mmol/L), suggesting that phenazine in drinking water may have an adverse effect on human health.展开更多
Aqueous rechargeable batteries are a possible strategy for large-scale energy storage systems.However,limited choices of anode materials restrict their further application.Here we report phenazine(PNZ)as stable anode ...Aqueous rechargeable batteries are a possible strategy for large-scale energy storage systems.However,limited choices of anode materials restrict their further application.Here we report phenazine(PNZ)as stable anode materials in different alkali-ion(Li+,Na+,K+)electrolyte.A novel full cell is assembled by phenazine anode,Na0.44MnO2 cathode and 10 M NaOH electrolyte to further explore the electrochemical performance of phenazine anode.This battery is able to achieve high capacity(176.7 mAh·g^−1 at 4 C(1.2·Ag^−1)),ultralong cycling life(capacity retention of 80%after 13,000 cycles at 4 C),and excellent rate capacity(92 mAh·g^−1 at 100 C(30 A·g^−1)).The reaction mechanism of PNZ during charge—discharge process is demonstrated by in situ Raman spectroscopy,in situ Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and density functional theory(DFT)calculations.Furthermore,the system is able to successfully operate at wide temperature range from−20 to 70°C and achieves remarkable electrochemical performance.展开更多
A 2,6-dibutoxylnaphthalene-based tetralactam macrocycle was designed and synthesized.This macrocycle shows highly selective recognition to phenazine-a well-known secondary metabolite in bacteria and an emerging disinf...A 2,6-dibutoxylnaphthalene-based tetralactam macrocycle was designed and synthesized.This macrocycle shows highly selective recognition to phenazine-a well-known secondary metabolite in bacteria and an emerging disinfection byproduct in drinking water.In contrast,the macrocycle shows no binding to the structurally similar dibenzo-1,4-dioxin.It was revealed that hydrogen bonding,π-π and σ-π interactions are the major driving forces between phenazine and the new tetralactam macrocycle.A perfect complementarity in electrostatic potential surfaces may explain the high selectivity.In addition,the macrocycle shows fluorescent response to phenazine,demonstrating its potential in fluorescent detection of phenazine.展开更多
A new charge transfer cocrystal of 1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene(TCNB)-phenazine(PTC)was prepared by solvent evaporation method.The donor and acceptor molecules of cocrystal are stacked face to face with a mixed-stacking,...A new charge transfer cocrystal of 1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene(TCNB)-phenazine(PTC)was prepared by solvent evaporation method.The donor and acceptor molecules of cocrystal are stacked face to face with a mixed-stacking,implying a strong charge transfer(CT)interactions in the cocrystal system.The spectroscopic studies,single-crystal X-ray diffraction structure,density functional theory(DFT)and Hirschfield surfaces calculations are carried out to explore the relationship between structure and properties of cocrystal system,which show that the intermolecular interactions in PTC are stronger than those of single components,leading to the stability and photophysical behaviors of cocrystal different from their constitute units.This study will be helpful for the design and preparation of multifunctional cocrystal materials.展开更多
Three new phenazine-type compounds, named phenazines SA–SC(1–3), together with four new natural products(4–7), were isolated from the fermentation broth of an earwig-associated Streptomyces sp. NA04227. The structu...Three new phenazine-type compounds, named phenazines SA–SC(1–3), together with four new natural products(4–7), were isolated from the fermentation broth of an earwig-associated Streptomyces sp. NA04227. The structures of these compounds were determined by extensive analyses of NMR, high resolution mass spectroscopic data, as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurement. Sequencing and analysis of the genome data allowed us to identify the gene cluster(spz) and propose a biosynthetic pathway for these phenazine-type compounds. Additionally, compounds 1–5 exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase(AChE), and compound 3 showed antimicrobial activities against Micrococcus luteus.展开更多
A green,convenient,high yielding and one-pot procedure for the synthesis of novel spiro[benzo[α]pyrano[2,3-c]phenazine]derivatives by domino multi-component condensation reaction between 2-hydroxynaphthalene-l,4-dion...A green,convenient,high yielding and one-pot procedure for the synthesis of novel spiro[benzo[α]pyrano[2,3-c]phenazine]derivatives by domino multi-component condensation reaction between 2-hydroxynaphthalene-l,4-dione,benzene-l,2-diamines,ninhydrine,and malononitrile in the presence of a catalytic amount of 1,3-dimethyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione(theophylline) as an expedient,eco-friendly and reusable solid base catalyst under thermal,microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions.This procedure has also been applied successfully for the synthesis of benzo[α]pyrano[2,3-c]phenazines.展开更多
Selection of the strategically substituted alkyl chains has a significant effect to modulate the physical properties of conjugated polymers,electro-optical characteristics,and active layer morphology of the correspond...Selection of the strategically substituted alkyl chains has a significant effect to modulate the physical properties of conjugated polymers,electro-optical characteristics,and active layer morphology of the corresponding polymer solar cells(PSCs).Herein,we systematically synthesized three dibenzo[a,c]phenazine based D-π-A donor polymers named PBP-C0,PBP-C8,and PBP-C6 with different alkyl substitutions on thiopheneπ-bridges,without alkyl,2-ethylhexyl and n-hexyl groups,respectively.The absence of the alkyl chain(PBP-C0)on theπ-bridge caused poor solubility and unfavorable miscibility with the Y5 acceptor,leading to the lower photovoltaic performance.The bulky alkyl chain of 2-ethylhexyl on theπ-bridge group caused the twisting of PBP-C8 conjugated backbone,which limits the charge transport and also compromises the photovoltaic performance.In contrast,the PBP-C6-with flexible linear alkyl chains has almost planar curvature geometry resulting in the small uniform domain size and appropriate phase separation in the blend film morphology.These favorable properties enhanced the exciton generation to dissociation,charge carrier mobility,and also lowered the charge recombination.Among three polymers,PBP-C6-based devices exhibit the best PCE of 11.60%.From these results,thiopheneπ-bridge alkyl substitution demonstrated an important strategy to adjust energy level,absorption,and phase separation morphology to enhance the photovoltaic performance of the PSCs.展开更多
A long wavelength emission fluorescent(612 nm)chemosensor with high selectivity for H_(2)PO_(4)^(−)ions was designed and synthesized according to the excited state intramolecular proton transfer(ESIPT).The sensor can ...A long wavelength emission fluorescent(612 nm)chemosensor with high selectivity for H_(2)PO_(4)^(−)ions was designed and synthesized according to the excited state intramolecular proton transfer(ESIPT).The sensor can exist in two tautomeric forms(‘keto’and‘enol’)in the presence of Fe^(3+)ion,Fe^(3+)may bind with the‘keto’form of the sensor.Furthermore,the in situ generated GY-Fe^(3+)ensemble could recover the quenched fluorescence upon the addition of H_(2)PO_(4)^(−)anion resulting in an off-on-type sensing with a detection limit of micromolar range in the same medium,and other anions,including F^(−),Cl^(−),Br^(−),I^(−),AcO^(−),HSO^(−)_(4),ClO^(−)_(4)and CN−had nearly no influence on the probing behavior.The test strips based on 2-[2-hydroxy-4-(diethylamino)phenyl]-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]phenazine and Fe^(3+)metal complex(GY-Fe^(3+))were fabricated,which could act as convenient and efficient H_(2)PO_(4)^(−)test kits.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22279152,U21A20331)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (21925506)+1 种基金the Ningbo key scientific and technological project (2022Z117)the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation (2021J192)。
文摘Phenazine-based non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs)have demonstrated great potential in improving the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of organic solar cells(OSCs).Halogenation is known to be an effective strategy for increasing optical absorption,refining energy levels,and improving molecular packing in organic semiconductors.Herein,a series of NFAs(Pz IC-4H,Pz IC-4F,Pz IC-4Cl,Pz IC-2Br)with phenazine as the central core and with/without halogen-substituted(dicyanomethylidene)-indan-1-one(IC)as the electron-accepting end group were synthesized,and the effect of end group matched phenazine central unit on the photovoltaic performance was systematically studied.Synergetic photophysical and morphological analyses revealed that the PM6:Pz IC-4F blend involves efficient exciton dissociation,higher charge collection and transfer rates,better crystallinity,and optimal phase separation.Therefore,OSCs based on PM6:Pz IC-4F as the active layer exhibited a PCE of 16.48%with an open circuit voltage(Voc)and energy loss of 0.880 V and 0.53 e V,respectively.Accordingly,this work demonstrated a promising approach by designing phenazine-based NFAs for achieving high-performance OSCs.
基金supported by the grants from the Genetically Modified Organisms Breeding Major Projects, China (2014ZX0800905B)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Chinathe Program for New Century 151 Talents of Zhejiang Province, China
文摘Phenazines are secondary metabolites with broad spectrum antibiotic activity and thus show high potential in biological control of pathogens. In this study, we identified phenazine biosynthesis (phz) genes in two genome-completed plant pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) PXO99A. Unlike the phz genes in typical phenazine-producing pseudomonads, phz homologs in Pst DC3000 and Xoo PXO99A consisted of phzC/D/E/F/G and phzC/E1/E2/F/G, respectively, and the both were not organized into an operon. Detection experiments demonstrated that phenazine-l-carboxylic acid (PCA) of Pst DC3000 accumulated to 13.4 IJg L-1, while that of Xoo PXO99A was almost undetectable. Moreover, Pst DC3000 was resistant to 1 mg mL-1 PCA, while Xoo PXO99A was sensitive to 50 IJg mL ~ PCA. Furthermore, mutation of phzF blocked the PCA production and significantly reduced the pathogenicity of Pst DC3000 in tomato, while the complementary strains restored these phenotypes. These results revealed that Pst DC3000 produces low level of and is resistant to phenazines and thus is unable to be biologically controlled by phenazines. Additionally, phz-mediated PCA production is required for full pathogenicity of Pst DC3000. To our knowledge, this is the first report of PCA production and its function in pathogenicity of a plant pathogenic P. syringae strain.
基金The project was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province (No. 20060516)the Doctoral Foundation of Jilin Normal University (No. 2006006)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Institute Foundation of Siping City (No. 2005016)the Subject and Base Construction Foundation of Jilin Normal University (No. 2006041)
文摘The title complex, [Mn(DPPZ)(PZDC)(H2O)] 1 (DPPZ = dipyrido[3,2 -a:2',3'- c]phenazine and H2PZDC = pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid), has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction, elemental analyses, IR, TG- DTA and magnetic susceptibility measurement. It crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1^- with a = 6.6842(5), b = 7.5741(6), c = 20.5755(15)A, α = 90.1160(10), β = 97.0560(10), γ = 97.3350(10)°, V= 1025.16(13)A^3, Z = 2, MnC24H14N6O5, Mr= 521.35, Dc= 1.689 g/cm^3, F(000) = 530, μ(MoKa) = 0.699 mm^-1, R = 0.0366 and wR = 0.0810. Compound 1 contains one- dimensional chains which are further stacked through π-π interactions to form a 3D supramolecular architecture. The water molecule O(1W) is involved in hydrogen bonding interactions with symmetric carboxylate oxygen atom 0(4) at (x+ 1, y+1, z) and symmetric PZDC nitrogen atom N(6) at (1-x, 1-y, 1-z), which completes the structure of 1. Magnetic susceptibility measurement indicates that the compound behaves a weak antiferromagnetic exchange interaction.
文摘The binding of Co (phen)2dppz3+ to calf thymus DNA,as investigated using absorption spectroscopy. viscosity and electrophoresis measurements,here dppz is dipyrido[3, 2-a: 2'3'-c]phenazine. The compound shows absorption hypochromicity and the specific viscosity increased upon binding to calf thymus DNA The complex is also shown to be more efficient photosensitisers for single strand breaks in plasmid DNA
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60978059)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-10-0176)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province (No. 20090527)
文摘Two new metal-organic complexes,{[Co2(bptc)(DPPZ)2(H2O)2]·H2O}n 1 and {[Co2(ccm)2(DPPZ)2]·2H2O}n 2,were obtained by the hydrothermal reactions of Co(NO3)2·6H2O with chelating ligand dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine(DPPZ) and the corresponding carboxylic acid,namely,3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid(H4bptc) or 2-carboxycinnamic acid(H2ccm),respectively.The complexes were structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,elemental analyses,IR spectra,and thermal gravimetry.1 presents unique chiral chain structures,which are further consolidated into three-dimensional supramolecular frameworks via noncovalent bonds,such as hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions.2 features infinite double-chain structures,which are connected by strong π-π interactions to result in three-dimensional supramolecular architectures.
基金Supported by the Doctoral Foundation of Jilin Normal University (Nos.2006006 and 2007009)Graduate Students' Innovation Foundation of Jilin Normal University (No.2006066)
文摘A binuclear zinc(Ⅱ) complex with 2-carboxycinnamic acid (2-ccm) and dipyrido- [3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (DPPZ), {[Zn2(2-ccm)2(DPPZ)2]·2H2O}n, was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetry and fluo- rescent emission. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 13.409(4), b = 25.530(7), c = 13.952(4) A, β = 99.554(3)°, V= 4710(2) A3, Z= 4, C56H36N8O10Zn2, Mr= 1111.67, Dc = 1.568 g/cm3, μ(MoKα) = 1.093 mm^-1, F(000) = 2272, R = 0.0422 and wR = 0.0895. In the crystal, the basic unit of 1 is a binuclear Zn2 entity which is linked by 2-ccm ligand to form a 1D double chain along the a axis. The O-H...O hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions lead to a 3D supramolecular motif. In addition, thermal and luminescent properties of complex 1 have also been investigated.
基金Supported by the National Natural Foundation of China and Shanxi Province.
文摘A new monometallic complex [Co(phen)_2tpphz]^(3+) (where tpphz is tetrapyrido [3,2-a:2′,3′-c:3″,2″-h:2′″,3′″-j] phenazine) was synthesized by the reaction of 5, 6-diamino-1,10-phenanthroline with [Co(phen)_2(phendione)]^(3+). It was characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, IR, ~1H NMR, ultraviolet and fluorescence spectroscopy. The interaction of the complex with DNA was also investigated. The complex shows the absorption hypochromicity, fluorescence enhancement, the specific viscosity increased when bound to calf thymus DNA. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurement showed a change in peak current with the addition of DNA. All the results provide the support for the intercalative binding mode of the mononuclear complex.
基金Supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-10-0176)NNSFC(21407064)+2 种基金NSF of Jilin Province(20130521019JH,201215219)the Education Bureau of Jilin Province([2014]152)the Science and Technology Development Plan of Siping City(2014052)
文摘Two novel coordination compounds, [Cd2(HBTC)2(DPPZ)2(H2O)3].2H2O (1) and [Cu2(HBTC)2(DPPZ)2(HEO)]n (2) based on 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (H3BTC) and dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (DPPZ) ligands, have been constructed under hydrothermal conditions. Two complexes are characterized by elemental analysis, IR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Structural analyses show that both complexes 1 and 2 present the three-dimensional supramolecular structures. In addition, two complexes exhibit luminescence property.
文摘Candida albicans has ability to switch from yeast to hyphal form which is an important virulence factor. The objective of the research is to study the effect of Phenazine Methosulphate (PMS) on virulence factors and to study expression profile in yeast to hyphal form transition in C. albicans. Phenazine Methosulphate (PMS) acted as an inhibitor of yeast to hyphal form transition, adhesion and biofilm formation in C. albicans. RTPCR study demonstrated that PMS Modulate the expression of genes involved in Ras1-cAMP-Efg1 and Cek1-MAPK signal transduction pathways. Cell cycle of C. albicans was arrested at S phase on treatment of PMS. Hyphal suppressor genes like Tup1, Mig1 and Nrg1 were upregulated by PMS. Based on our data on expression of genes during yeast to hyphal form transition in presence and absence of PMS, we hypothesize that inhibition of hyphal formation may be due to the overexpression of negative regulators of hyphal growth. Targeting of hyphal specific genes involved in these pathways may be a promising strategy for anti-candida drug development.
基金Supported by the Program for NNSFC(21407064,21576112)NSF of Jilin Province(20130521019JH)the Science and Technology Development Plan of Siping City(2014052,2015049)
文摘ABSTRAC Two new complexes [Cd(2,4'-bpdc)(DPPZ)]2n·n H2O(1) and [Zn(2,4'-Hbpdc)2(DPPZ)]· H2O(DPPZ = dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine, 2,4'-H2bpdc = 2,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid) have been hydrothermally synthesized. The structure of complex 1 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction diffraction and further characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectrum, powder X-ray diffraction(XRD) and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 has 1D chains, which are further connected by π-π stacking interactions of neighbouring chains, generating a steady 3D supramolecular structure. Complex 2 shows the isolated mononuclear units, which are further extended to a 2D supramolecular layered structure through π-π stacking interactions and hydrogen bonds. Furthermore, complexes 1 and 2 exhibit green photoluminescent properties at room temperature.
基金supported by Base Funding-LA/P/0045/2020(ALiCE),UIDB/00511/2020,and UIDP/00511/2020(LEPABE)funded by national funds through FCT/MCTES(PIDDAC)Project Germirrad-POCI-01-0247-FEDER-072237 funded by FEDER funds through COMPETE2020-ProgramaOperacional Competitividade e Internacionalização(POCI)andby national funds(PIDDAC)through FCT/MCTES.
文摘The unprecedented problem of antibiotic resistance has become a major challenge for public health,which has contributed to an increase in infections caused by such bacteria.These microbial infections,typically biofilm-related,are alsocoupled to an increase in human mortality and morbidity.However,the demand for new antimicrobial agents hasincreased along with the evolution of microbial resistance mechanisms.Natural products produced by bacteria,such as phenazines,have been recognized as an important source for the development of new antimicrobial agents,through the exploitation of their capacity to increase oxidative stress in other organisms.Phenazines are a large groupof nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds and are essential for several cellular processes including iron acquisition,signaling events,enzymatic processes,and biofilm formation.Phenazine-inspired antibiotics(i.e.,2-bromo-1-hydroxyphenazine,2,4-dibromo-1-hydroxyphenazine,bromophenazine-21,phenazine-13,and phenazine-14)are veryactive against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria,including those associated with severe infections.In this study,mechanisms of phenazine-inspired antibiotics in the cellular processes of planktonic and sessilebacteria are reviewed.Moreover,the application of phenazine-inspired antibiotics for the eradication of multidrugresistant planktonic and biofilm bacterial infections is also reviewed.
基金SERB,New Delhi,Grant/Award Number:CRG/2018/001274SERB Power fellowship,Grant/Award Number:SPF/2021/000019+2 种基金CSIR,New Delhi,Grant/Award Number:02(0358/19/EMR-II)RUSA2.0(Component-4)DST for support under FIST and PURSE programme。
文摘Photosensitizing supramolecular assemblies based on a phenazine derivative(PPA)have been developed,which show a strong affinity toward Pd2+ions to generate supramolecular ensemble PPA@Pd nanoparticles(NPs).The PPA@Pd NPs catalyse the Suzuki cross-coupled reaction under mild conditions(aerial conditions,mixed aqueous media,and visible light radiations).Although PPA@Pd NPs exhibit a strong affinity for arylboronic acid and could catalyse homocoupling of arylboronic acid,the preference of PPA assemblies for aryl halide directed the course of reactions toward the formation of cross-coupled products.The electron-rich PPA assemblies not only facilitate the oxidative addition step through photoinduced electron transfer to Pd^(2+)ions but also bring the reactants closer to the catalytic sites by selective interactions with aryl halides in the presence of arylboronic acid under visible light irradiation.The efficiency of PPA@Pd NPs to catalyse the Suzuki crosscoupled reaction has been demonstrated for the synthesis of unsymmetrically substituted terphenyl derivatives.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20977079)the Key Innovation Team for Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province(No. 2009R50047)+1 种基金the Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment (No.2008ZX07421-001)the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry
文摘Disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water have caused worldwide concern due to their potential carcinogenic effects. The formation of phenazine from diphenylamine (DPhA) chloramination was studied and its cytotoxicities for two human cancer cells were also investigated. Phenazine was detected synchronously with the consumption of DPhA by chloramination, which further confirmed that the new DBP phenazine can be produced along with N-nitrosodiphenylamine (NDPhA) from DPhA chloramination. The formation of phenazine had a maximum molar yield with solution pH increasing from 5.0 to 9.0, with phenazine as the main product for DPhA chloramination at lower pH, but higher pH favored the formation of NDPhA. Thus, solution pH is the key factor in controlling the formation of phenazine and NDPhA. Both the initial DPhA and chloramine concentrations did not show a significant effect on the molar yields of phenazine, although increasing the chloramine concentration could speed up the reaction rate of DPhA with chloramines. The cytotoxicity assays showed that phenazine had significant cell-specific toxicity towards T24 (bladder cancer cell lines) and HepG2 (hepatic tumor cell lines) cells with IC50 values of 0.50 and 2.04 mmol/L, respectively, and T24 cells being more sensitive to phenazine than HepG2 cells. The ICs0 values of phenazine, DPhA, and NDPhA for T24 cells were of the same order of magnitude and the cytotoxicity of phenazine for T24 cells was slightly lower than that of NDPhA (IC50, 0.16 mmol/L), suggesting that phenazine in drinking water may have an adverse effect on human health.
基金This study was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2016YFB0901500 and 2016YFB0101201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51771094)+1 种基金Ministry of Education of China(Nos.B12015 and IRT13R30)Tianjin High-Tech(No.18JCZDJC31500).
文摘Aqueous rechargeable batteries are a possible strategy for large-scale energy storage systems.However,limited choices of anode materials restrict their further application.Here we report phenazine(PNZ)as stable anode materials in different alkali-ion(Li+,Na+,K+)electrolyte.A novel full cell is assembled by phenazine anode,Na0.44MnO2 cathode and 10 M NaOH electrolyte to further explore the electrochemical performance of phenazine anode.This battery is able to achieve high capacity(176.7 mAh·g^−1 at 4 C(1.2·Ag^−1)),ultralong cycling life(capacity retention of 80%after 13,000 cycles at 4 C),and excellent rate capacity(92 mAh·g^−1 at 100 C(30 A·g^−1)).The reaction mechanism of PNZ during charge—discharge process is demonstrated by in situ Raman spectroscopy,in situ Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and density functional theory(DFT)calculations.Furthermore,the system is able to successfully operate at wide temperature range from−20 to 70°C and achieves remarkable electrochemical performance.
基金This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21705075 and 21822104)the SZSTI (Nos. JCYJ20180504165810828 and KQJSCX 20170728162528382)+2 种基金the Shenzhen Nobel Prize Scientists Laboratory Project (No. C17213101)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics of Hunan University (No. 2017019)the Academy of Finiand (A.V. grant no. 314343) and the University of Jyvaskyla. We thank SUSTech-MCPC for instrumental assistanee.
文摘A 2,6-dibutoxylnaphthalene-based tetralactam macrocycle was designed and synthesized.This macrocycle shows highly selective recognition to phenazine-a well-known secondary metabolite in bacteria and an emerging disinfection byproduct in drinking water.In contrast,the macrocycle shows no binding to the structurally similar dibenzo-1,4-dioxin.It was revealed that hydrogen bonding,π-π and σ-π interactions are the major driving forces between phenazine and the new tetralactam macrocycle.A perfect complementarity in electrostatic potential surfaces may explain the high selectivity.In addition,the macrocycle shows fluorescent response to phenazine,demonstrating its potential in fluorescent detection of phenazine.
基金financial support from the National Key R&D Program(No.2017YFA0204503)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51733004,21875158,91833306,51633006)。
文摘A new charge transfer cocrystal of 1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene(TCNB)-phenazine(PTC)was prepared by solvent evaporation method.The donor and acceptor molecules of cocrystal are stacked face to face with a mixed-stacking,implying a strong charge transfer(CT)interactions in the cocrystal system.The spectroscopic studies,single-crystal X-ray diffraction structure,density functional theory(DFT)and Hirschfield surfaces calculations are carried out to explore the relationship between structure and properties of cocrystal system,which show that the intermolecular interactions in PTC are stronger than those of single components,leading to the stability and photophysical behaviors of cocrystal different from their constitute units.This study will be helpful for the design and preparation of multifunctional cocrystal materials.
基金supported by Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2018YFC1706205)the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81522042,21572100,81773591,81530089,21672101,81673333,21861142005,21761142001,21661140001,J1210026,and J1103512)+2 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.020814380092 and 020814380103)Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund for Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences(No.1630052019011 and 19CXTD-32)the Financial Fund of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China(No.NFZX-2018)
文摘Three new phenazine-type compounds, named phenazines SA–SC(1–3), together with four new natural products(4–7), were isolated from the fermentation broth of an earwig-associated Streptomyces sp. NA04227. The structures of these compounds were determined by extensive analyses of NMR, high resolution mass spectroscopic data, as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurement. Sequencing and analysis of the genome data allowed us to identify the gene cluster(spz) and propose a biosynthetic pathway for these phenazine-type compounds. Additionally, compounds 1–5 exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase(AChE), and compound 3 showed antimicrobial activities against Micrococcus luteus.
基金financial support from the Research Council of the University of Sistan and Baluchestan and Islamic Azad University of Yazd
文摘A green,convenient,high yielding and one-pot procedure for the synthesis of novel spiro[benzo[α]pyrano[2,3-c]phenazine]derivatives by domino multi-component condensation reaction between 2-hydroxynaphthalene-l,4-dione,benzene-l,2-diamines,ninhydrine,and malononitrile in the presence of a catalytic amount of 1,3-dimethyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione(theophylline) as an expedient,eco-friendly and reusable solid base catalyst under thermal,microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions.This procedure has also been applied successfully for the synthesis of benzo[α]pyrano[2,3-c]phenazines.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21733005 and 21975115)the Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program(Nos.JCYJ20190809163011543,JCYJ20200109140801751 and JCYJ20210324120010028)+2 种基金the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis(No.2020B121201002)the Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program(No.2016ZT06G587)the Shenzhen Sci-Tech Fund(No.KYTDPT 20181011104007).We also thank the SUSTech Core Research Facilities for AFM and TEM measurements.
文摘Selection of the strategically substituted alkyl chains has a significant effect to modulate the physical properties of conjugated polymers,electro-optical characteristics,and active layer morphology of the corresponding polymer solar cells(PSCs).Herein,we systematically synthesized three dibenzo[a,c]phenazine based D-π-A donor polymers named PBP-C0,PBP-C8,and PBP-C6 with different alkyl substitutions on thiopheneπ-bridges,without alkyl,2-ethylhexyl and n-hexyl groups,respectively.The absence of the alkyl chain(PBP-C0)on theπ-bridge caused poor solubility and unfavorable miscibility with the Y5 acceptor,leading to the lower photovoltaic performance.The bulky alkyl chain of 2-ethylhexyl on theπ-bridge group caused the twisting of PBP-C8 conjugated backbone,which limits the charge transport and also compromises the photovoltaic performance.In contrast,the PBP-C6-with flexible linear alkyl chains has almost planar curvature geometry resulting in the small uniform domain size and appropriate phase separation in the blend film morphology.These favorable properties enhanced the exciton generation to dissociation,charge carrier mobility,and also lowered the charge recombination.Among three polymers,PBP-C6-based devices exhibit the best PCE of 11.60%.From these results,thiopheneπ-bridge alkyl substitution demonstrated an important strategy to adjust energy level,absorption,and phase separation morphology to enhance the photovoltaic performance of the PSCs.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21064006,21262032 and 21161018)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of Ministry of Education of China(No.IRT1177)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(No.1010RJZA018)the Youth Foundation of Gansu Province(No.2011GS04735)NWNU-LKQN-11-32.
文摘A long wavelength emission fluorescent(612 nm)chemosensor with high selectivity for H_(2)PO_(4)^(−)ions was designed and synthesized according to the excited state intramolecular proton transfer(ESIPT).The sensor can exist in two tautomeric forms(‘keto’and‘enol’)in the presence of Fe^(3+)ion,Fe^(3+)may bind with the‘keto’form of the sensor.Furthermore,the in situ generated GY-Fe^(3+)ensemble could recover the quenched fluorescence upon the addition of H_(2)PO_(4)^(−)anion resulting in an off-on-type sensing with a detection limit of micromolar range in the same medium,and other anions,including F^(−),Cl^(−),Br^(−),I^(−),AcO^(−),HSO^(−)_(4),ClO^(−)_(4)and CN−had nearly no influence on the probing behavior.The test strips based on 2-[2-hydroxy-4-(diethylamino)phenyl]-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]phenazine and Fe^(3+)metal complex(GY-Fe^(3+))were fabricated,which could act as convenient and efficient H_(2)PO_(4)^(−)test kits.