Nerve growth factor pretreatment against glutamate-induced hippocampal neuronal injury Action mechanism of phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10

BACKGROUND: Nerve growth factor (NGF) attenuates glutamate-induced injury to hippocampal neurons, and the human tumor suppressor gene phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) promotes neuronal apoptosis. However, effects of PTEN in NGF-mediated neuroprotection against glutamate excitotoxicity remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between NGF inhibition of glutamate-induced injury and PTEN. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized, controlled, in vitro study was performed at the Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Nantong University, China from October 2007 to March 2008. MATERIALS: Glutamate, NGF, 4, 6-diamidino-2-phenyl-indolediacetate, 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]- 2, 5-diphenyl tetrazoliumbromide (MTT), and lactate dehydrogenase kit (Sigma, USA), fluorescence microscope and inverted phase contrast microscope (Olympus, Japan) were used in this study. METHODS: Hippocampal neurons were obtained from newborn (< 24 hours) Sprague Dawley rats and cultured for 7 days. The control group was not treated with any intervention factor, the glutamate group was treated with glutamate (0.2 mmol/L), and NGF groups were treated with NGF (10, 50, 100, and 200 μg/L, respectively) prior to glutamate treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The MTT and lactate dehydrogenase assays were applied to evaluate viability of hippocampal neurons. Morphological changes in hippocampal neurons were observed using an inverted phase-contrast microscope, and neuronal apoptosis was detected by 4, 6-diamidino-2-phenyl-indolediacetate staining. PTEN mRNA and protein expression were measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis, respectively. RESULTS: Glutamate (0.2 mmol/L) induced significantly decreased neuronal viability and greater lactate dehydrogenase efflux compared with the control group (P < 0.01). However, compared with the glutamate group, cell viability significantly increased and lactate dehydrogenase efflux decreased in the NGF group with increasing NGF concentrations (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The apoptotic ratio and PTEN mRNA and protein expression decreased in the NGF group compared with the glutamate group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Pretreatment with NGF exerted neuroprotective effects against glutamate-induced injury, partially through inhibition of PTEN expression and neuronal apoptosis.

Phosphatase and tensin homology deleted in chromosome 10,hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha gene expression in colorectal adenoma and adenocarcinoma and their relation to vascular endothelial growth factor protein expression

To examine phosphatase and tensin homology deleted in chromosome 10 (PTEN),hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) gene expressions and their relation to vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) protein expression in the patients with human colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas.Methods The expression of PTEN,HIF-1 alpha gene was detected by using in situ hybridization,and the VEGF expression levels by immunohistochemistry in colorectal adenomas and primary colorectal adenocarcinoma.Results Strong expression of HIF-1 alpha was detectable in the majority of colorectal dadenocarcinoma,particularly surrounding areas of necrosis in adenocarcinoma.PTEN,HIF-1 alpha mRNA and VEGF protein were positive in 51.6%,67.7% and 59.7% respectively in 62 cases of adenocarcinomas,and 77.8%,44.4% and 33.3% respectively in 18 cases of adenomas.The positive rate of VEGF was higher in the patients with colorectal adenocarcinomas than that in those with adenomas,whereas that of PTEN mRNA was contrary.HIF-1 mRNA expression was correlated significantly with lymph node metastasis,liver metastasis,Duke’s stage and recurrence.During colorectal tumor progression,the expression of HIF-1 alpha mRNA was positively correlated with the VEGF protein expression (χ2= 4.751 ,P<0.05),but negatively with the PTEN mRNA expression(χ2=21.84,P<0.01).Conclusion The absence or low expression of PTEN and the increased levels of HIF-1α and VEGF may paly an important role in carcinogenesis and progression of colorectal carcinoma.These results suggest that VEGF upregulated by HIF-1 alpha gene may be involved in angiogenesis of colorectal adenocarcinoma.4 refs,1 tab.

Expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten in liver of athymic mice with hepatocellular carcinoma and the effect of Fuzheng Jiedu Decoction

AIM: To explore the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) in liver of athymic mice with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the effect of Fuzheng Jiedu Decoction (FJD). METHODS: Forty eight male BALB/c athymic mice models were built by Bel-7402 with an indirect method. After 24 h of postoperation, the 48 athymic mice were distributed randomly into 4 groups: A, B, C, D, each group had 12 athymic mice. Group A were were treated by intragastric administration with FT207 (Tegafur) for 4 wk. Group B, C and D were treated by intragastric administration with FJD (complex prescription of Chinese crude drug) that had been delegated into 3 kinds of density as the low, middle, and high for 4 wk. At last, athymic mice were put to death, live time, volume of tumors, exponent of tumors and the tumor metastasis in livers were observed; and PTEN was detected in hepatic tissue, latero-cancer tissue and cancer tissue by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Four weeks later, the total survival rate in treatment group (A + B + C) was 50% and higher than the control group (0%) treated by FT207, (P < 0.01). The survival rate in group A, B, C was higher than in group D, and except group A with D, there was significant differentces (Fisher's Exact Test P = 0.05 or 0.01). And no differences were observed between the treatment groups and the control group in volume of tumors and exponent of tumors (P > 0.05). Tumor metastasis in livers of the treatment group was less than the controls (Fisher's Exact Test, P = 0.021). The result of immunohistochemistry showed that the intensity of PTEN in latero-cancer tissue was the highest, and then the hepatic tissue, the lowest was cancer tissue (Kruskal-Wallis test, χ2 = 60.67, P = 0.000). It also showed that the intensity of PTEN in treatment groups (A, B, C) was higher than the control group (D) (F = 5.90, P = 0.002 in hepatic tissue and F = 15.99, P = 0.000 in latero-cancer tissue and χ2 = 26.08, P = 0.000 in cancer tissue), and group B is the highest in the treatment groups (P < 0.05, r = 0.01. respectively). However, there was no significant statistic difference between group A and group C (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: FJD can prolong the survival time and decrease tumor metastasis in livers of these experimental mice. Mechanisms of FJD healing HCC may partially be explained by enhancing the expression of PTEN in liver.

Rapid construction of phosphatase and tensin homolog-deleted on chromosome ten gene recombinant adenovirus using the AdEasy system

Recent studies have shown that phosphatase and tensin homolog-deleted on chromosome ten(PTEN) gene plays an important role in ischemic brain damage and synaptic plasticity.The AdEasy system,which has been widely used,greatly simplifies preparation of recombinant adenovirus.Therefore,recombinant defective adenovirus vector carrying human PTEN tumor suppressor gene(Ad-PTEN) was constructed using the AdEasy-1 system and was transfected into HEK293 cells for packaging and amplification.Infection efficiency and expression intensity were observed in primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons infected with Ad-PTEN in vitro.Results revealed a cytopathic effect in green fluorescent protein expression,which increased with prolonged time.After three cycles of amplification,the adenovirus titer was increased to an adequate titer for infecting hippocampal neurons.The entire process typically requires 4-5 weeks for completion.Results suggested that recombinant defective adenovirus vector carrying the PTEN gene was successfully and rapidly constructed using the AdEasy system.

PTEN and Ki67 expression is associated with clinicopathologic features of non-small cell lung cancer

Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10(PTEN) and the proliferating antigen Ki67 have been widely studied in several tumors.However,their role as indicator in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)remains unknown.Here,we investigated the expression of PTEN and Ki67 in NSCLC tissues and paired normal lung tissues to identify whether these proteins are associated with lung cancer development and survival.Immunohistochemistry for PTEN and Ki67 was performed on 67 lung cancer tissues and 41 paired adjacent normal lung tissues to detect the expression of these two proteins.The expression of PTEN in NSCLC tissues(32.8%) was significantly lower than that in normal tissues(82.9%,P < 0.05).In contrast,the expression of Ki67 in NSCLC tissues(76.1%) was significantly higher than that in normal tissues(27.3%,P < 0.05).Expression of both PTEN and Ki67 were strongly associated with tumor histology,clinical stage,lymph node metastasis,differentiation and4-year postoperative survival rate(P < 0.05).However,PTEN expression was negatively correlated with Ki67 expression(r =-0.279,P < 0.05).In conclusion,low PTEN expression and Ki67 overexpression are associated with malignant invasion and lymph node metastasis of NSCLC.These proteins may serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of NSCLC.

Increased susceptibility of aging gastric mucosa to injury:The mechanisms and clinical implications

This review updates the current views on aging gastric mucosa and the mechanisms of its increased susceptibility to injury.Experimental and clinical studies indicate that gastric mucosa of aging individuals-"aging gastropathy"-has prominent structural and functional abnormalities vs young gastric mucosa.Some of these abnormalities include a partial atrophy of gastric glands,impaired mucosal defense(reduced bicarbonate and prostaglandin generation,decreased sensory innervation),increased susceptibility to injury by a variety of damaging agents such as ethanol,aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs),impaired healing of injury and reduced therapeutic efficacy of ulcer-healing drugs.Detailed analysis of the above changes indicates that the following events occur in aging gastric mucosa:reduced mucosal blood flow and impaired oxygen delivery cause hypoxia,which leads to activation of the early growth response-1(egr-1)transcription factor.Activation of egr-1,in turn,upregulates the dual specificity phosphatase,phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten(PTEN)resulting in activation of pro-apoptotic caspase-3 and caspase-9 and reduced expression of the anti-apoptosis protein,survivin.The imbalance between pro-and anti-apoptosis mediators results in increased apoptosis and increased susceptibility to injury.This paradigm has human relevance since increased expression of PTEN and reduced expression of survivin were demonstrated in gastric mucosa of aging individuals.Other potential mechanisms operating in aging gastric mucosa include reduced telomerase activity,increase in replicative cellular senescence,and reduced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and importin-α-a nuclear transport protein essential for transport of transcription factors to nucleus.Aging gastropathy is an important and clinically relevant issue because of:(1)an aging world population due to prolonged life span;(2)older patients have much greater risk of gastroduodenal ulcers and gastrointestinal complications(e.g.,NSAIDs-induced gastric injury)than younger patients;and(3)increased susceptibility of aging gastric mucosa to injury can be potentially reduced or reversed pharmacologically.

Upregulated DJ-1 Promotes Renal Tubular EMT by Suppressing Cytoplasmic PTEN Expression and Akt Activation

Recently,phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10(PTEN) is suggested as a new agent in the fighting against fibrogenesis.In tumor,DJ-1 is identified as a negative regulator of PTEN.But the expression of DJ-1 and the regulation of PTEN in fibrosis are unclear.Renal fibrosis was induced in 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy rat model.Human proximal tubular epithelial cells(HKC) were treated with transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1),or transfected with DJ-1 or PTEN.Confocal microscope was used to investigate the localization of DJ-1 and PTEN.The selective phosphoinositide-3 kinase(PI3K) inhibitor,LY294002,was administered to inhibit PI3K pathway.The DJ-1 and PTEN expression,markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) and Akt phosphorylation were measured by RT-PCR,Western blotting or immunocytochemistry.In vitro,after HKC cells were stimulated with 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 for 72 h,the expression of DJ-1 was increased,and that of PTEN was decreased.In vivo,the same results were identified in 5/6-nephrectomized rats.In normal HKC cells,most of DJ-1 protein localized in cytoplasm,and little in nucleus.TGF-β1 upregulated DJ-1 expression in both cytoplasma and nuclei.In contrary,TGF-β1 emptied cytoplasmic PTEN protein into nucleus.Overexpression of DJ-1 decreased the expression of PTEN,promoted the activation of Akt and the expression of vimentin,and also led to the loss of cytoplasmic PTEN.Contrarily,overexpression of PTEN protected HKC cells from TGF-β1-induced EMT.In conclusion,DJ-1 is upregulated in renal fibrosis and DJ-1 mediates EMT by suppressing cytoplasmic PTEN expression and Akt activation.

Relationsip between PTEN and VEGF Expression and Clinicopathological Characteristics in HCC

To investigate the expressions and significance of the tumor suppressor gene phosphatase and tensin homlog deleted on chromosome ten protein (PTEN) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to analyze the relationship between their expres-sions and the tumor’s invasion and their pericarcinomatous tissues, the correlation of their expressions with the tumor’s clinicopathological characteristics and invasion potential were studied. Our study showed that the expression level of PTEN in HCC was remarkably lower than that in pericarcinoma-tous liver tissues, while the expressions of both VEGF and MVD were higher than that in pericarci-nomatous liver tissues. Correlation analysis revealed that the expression of PTEN was negatively re-lated to the progression of the pathological differentiation and invasion of tumor, whereas the expres-sions of VEGF and MVD were positively related. Moreover, there was a negative relationship be-tween the expression of PTEN and the expressions of VEGF and MVD, and a positive one between VEGF and MVD. The expressions of PTEN and VEGF may reveal the degree of differentiation and the invasive potential of HCC tissues. The mechanism by which the lack of PTEN expression proba-bly induces abnormal hyperexpression of VEGF may play an important role in the invasion and me-tastasis of HCC.

Colonic manifestations of PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome: Case series and systematic review

AIM:To investigate our clinical experience with the colonic manifestations of phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome ten(PTEN)hamartoma tumor syndrome(PHTS)and to perform a systematic literature review regarding the same.METHODS:This study was approved by the appropriate institutional review board prior to initiation.A clinical genetics database was searched for patients with PHTS or a component syndrome that received gastrointestinal endoscopy or pathology interpretation at our center.These patient’s records were retrospectively reviewed for clinical characteristics(including family history and genetic testing),endoscopy results and pathology findings.We also performed a systematic review of the literature for case series of PHTS or component syndromes that reported gastrointestinal manifestations and investigations published after consensus diagnostic criteria were established in 1996.These results were compiled and reported.RESULTS:Eight patients from our institution met initial inclusion criteria.Of these,5 patients underwent4.2 colonoscopies at mean age 45.8±10.8 years.All were found to have colon polyps during their clinical course and polyp histology included adenoma,hyperplastic,ganglioneuroma and juvenile.No malignant lesions were identified.Two had multiple histologic types.One patient underwent colectomy due to innumerable polyps and concern for future malignant potential.Systematic literature review of PHTS patients undergoing endoscopy revealed 107 patients receiving colonoscopy at mean age 37.4 years.Colon polyps were noted in92.5%and multiple colon polyp histologies were reported in 53.6%.Common polyp histologies included hyperplastic(43.6%),adenoma(40.4%),hamartoma(38.3%),ganglioneuroma(33%)and inflammatory(24.5%)polyps.Twelve(11.2%)patients had colorectal cancer at mean age 46.7 years(range 35-62).Clinical outcomes secondary to colon polyposis and malignancy were not commonly reported.CONCLUSION:PHTS has a high prevalence of colon polyposis with multiple histologic types.It should be considered a mixed polyposis syndrome.Systematic review found an increased prevalence of colorectal cancer and we recommend initiating colonoscopy for colorectal cancer surveillance at age 35 years.

IL-37调控miR-106b-5p/PTEN抑制肾细胞癌细胞生物学行为

目的:探讨IL-37对肾细胞癌细胞生物学行为的影响和潜在机制。方法:RT-qPCR检测肾细胞癌组织中IL-37mRNA和miR-106b-5p表达。Western blot检测肾细胞癌组织中10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源物(PTEN)蛋白表达。将肾细胞癌细胞786-0分为对照组、IL-37(10、50、100 ng/ml)组、anti-miR-NC组、anti-miR-106b-5p组、IL-37+miR-NC组、IL-37+miR-106b-5p组。采用MTT法、平板克隆实验、划痕愈合实验、流式细胞术检测786-0细胞增殖、迁移和凋亡能力。荧光素酶实验检测miR-106b-5p与PTEN的靶向关系。结果:肾细胞癌组织中miR-106b-5p表达量显著升高(P<0.05),IL-37 mRNA和PTEN蛋白表达量显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,IL-37(10、50、100 ng/ml)组细胞活力、集落形成数、迁移距离、miR-106b-5p表达显著降低(P<0.05),凋亡率、PTEN蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.05)。与anti-miR-NC组比较,anti-miR-106b-5p组细胞活力、集落形成数、迁移距离显著降低(P<0.05),凋亡率、PTEN蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.05)。与IL-37+miR-NC组比较,IL-37+miR-106b-5p组细胞活力、集落形成数、迁移距离显著升高(P<0.05),凋亡率、PTEN蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.05)。PTEN是miR-106b-5p的靶基因。结论:外源性IL-37可抑制肾细胞癌细胞的增殖和迁移,诱导细胞凋亡,其抗肿瘤机制可能是通过抑制miR-106b-5p/PTEN途径发挥作用。

微RNA-132-3p靶向第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物调控葡萄膜黑色素瘤细胞增殖与凋亡

目的 研究微RNA(miR)-132-3p在葡萄膜黑色素瘤细胞增殖、凋亡中的作用及其作用机制。方法 该研究起止时间为2018年2月至2019年7月。定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)检测正常葡萄膜上皮细胞ARPE-19和葡萄膜黑色素瘤细胞SP6.5、M23中miR-132-3p表达。SP6.5细胞中转染miR-132-3p干扰质粒(anti-miR-132-3p)、第10号染色体上缺失的磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物(PTEN)过表达质粒(pcDNA3.1-PTEN)或共转染anti-miR-132-3p和PTEN干扰质粒(si-PTEN),MTT法和流式细胞术分别检测细胞增殖与凋亡,蛋白质印迹法检测PTEN、细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclin D1)、周期素依赖激酶抑制剂p21(P21)、B细胞淋巴瘤-2(Bcl-2)和Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)蛋白表达,生物信息学预测结合双萤光素酶报告实验分析miR-132-3p与PTEN的靶向关系。结果 与ARPE-19细胞相比,SP6.5、M23细胞中miR-132-3p表达量(0.26±0.02比0.94±0.09、0.81±0.08)明显升高(P<0.05)。与anti-miR-132-3p阴性对照(anti-miR-NC)组相比,anti-miR-132-3p组24 h、48 h、72 h的细胞活性(0.51±0.05比0.30±0.03、0.97±0.09比0.45±0.05、1.40±0.14比0.76±0.07)、cyclin D1、Bcl-2蛋白表达量显著降低(P<0.05),细胞凋亡率[(8.03±0.68)%比(21.51±2.06)%]、P21、Bax水平明显提高(P<0.05),与过表达PTEN相同。miR-132-3p与PTEN之间有靶向调控关系。抑制PTEN能逆转抑制miR-132-3p对SP6.5细胞增殖的抑制作用及对细胞凋亡的促进作用。结论 miR-132-3p通过直接靶向PTEN调控葡萄膜黑色素瘤细胞增殖与凋亡。

miR-21低表达对垂体瘤细胞系RC-4BC增殖、凋亡的影响及与PTEN靶向关系

目的观察微小RNA-21(miR-21)低表达对垂体瘤细胞系RC-4BC增殖、凋亡的影响,并分析其与第10号染色体丢失的张力蛋白同源磷酸酶基因(PTEN)的靶向关系。方法取对数生长期的RC-4BC细胞分为两组,沉默组转染miR-21抑制物miR-21 inhibitor,阴性对照组转染抑制物阴性对照NC-inhibitor,采用RT-PCR法检测miR-21、第10号染色体丢失的张力蛋白同源磷酸酶基因(PTEN)mRNA,采用CCK8实验观察两组细胞增殖能力(以OD值表示),采用平板克隆实验观察两组细胞集落形成能力(以集落形成数表示),采用流式细胞术观察两组细胞凋亡率并观察细胞周期分布情况。收集RC-4BC细胞制备单细胞悬液,分别将miR-21 mimics或NC-mimics与PTEN-WT或PTEN-MUT共转染至RC-4BC细胞,转染后细胞标记为miR-21 mimics+PTEN-WT组、NC-mimics+PTEN-WT组、miR-21 mimics+PTEN-MUT组、NC-mimics+PTEN-MUT组,采用双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证miR-21与PTEN的靶向关系。结果沉默组RC-4BC细胞中miR-21、PTEN mRNA相对表达量分别为0.30±0.08、2.89±0.14,阴性对照组RC-4BC细胞中miR-21、PTEN mRNA相对表达量分别为1.01±0.02、0.99±0.03,两组相比,P均<0.05。沉默组RC-4BC细胞24 h、48 h、72 h时OD值均低于阴性对照组(P均<0.05)。沉默组RC-4BC细胞集落形成数低于阴性对照组(P<0.05)。沉默组RC-4BC细胞凋亡率高于阴性对照组(P<0.05)。沉默组RC-4BC细胞G0/G1期占比65.65%±7.82%、S期占比19.25%±3.70%,阴性对照组RC-4BC细胞G0/G1期占比45.62%±5.03%、S期占比35.72%±4.67%,两组相比,P均<0.05。miR-21 mimics+PTEN-WT组、NC-mimics+PTEN-WT组、miR-21 mimics+PTEN-MUT组、NC-mimics+PTEN-MUT组细胞的相对荧光素酶活性分别为0.39±0.07、1.02±0.03、1.01±0.04、1.00±0.03,其中miR-21 mimics+PTEN-WT组相对荧光素酶活性与其他各组相比,P均<0.05。结论沉默miR-21能够移至垂体瘤细胞系RC-4BC的增殖、促进其凋亡,其机制可能与靶向调控PTEN基因有关。

伴微量白蛋白尿2型糖尿病患者血清脂肪细胞型脂肪酸结合蛋白和4和第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶张力蛋白同源物蛋白的研究

目的探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)伴微量白蛋白尿患者血清脂肪细胞型脂肪酸结合蛋白(FABP4)和第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物(PTEN)蛋白表达水平变化及两者在糖尿病肾病(DN)发生过程中的相互关系。方法收集T2DM患者120例,据尿白蛋白肌酐比值(UACR)进行分组,其中正常白蛋白尿组(D0)39例,微量白蛋白尿组(D1)81例。同时收集39例正常对照组(NC)。采用ELI-SA法检测受试者外周血清FABP4和PTEN蛋白表达的水平。结果 T2DM组血清FABP4和PTEN蛋白水平均显著高于正常对照组(P <0.001)。D1组血清FABP4和PTEN蛋白水平显著高于NC组及D0组(均P <0.05)。T2DM患者中,Log(FABP4)与PTEN蛋白(r=0.524,P <0.001)、Log(UACR)(r=0.202,P <0.05)均呈正相关。二分类Logistic回归分析显示,血清FABP4水平与T2DM患者尿微量白蛋白的出现独立相关(OR=1.147,95%CI∶1.042～1.263,P=0.005)。结论血清FABP4水平也许可作为DN患者的早期预测指标。FABP4和PTEN蛋白可能在DN的发生中存在着相互联系。

食管黏膜上皮癌变过程中与细胞骨架蛋白tensin同源的磷酸酯酶基因的表达及意义

目的探讨与细胞骨架蛋白tensin同源的磷酸酯酶基因(PTEN)在食管黏膜上皮癌变过程中的表达及意义。方法采用免疫组织化学法检测20例正常食管黏膜、20例食管上皮非典型增生、24例原位癌、44例食管鳞癌组织中PTEN表达情况,并探讨PTEN与食管鳞癌病理分级的关系。结果正常食管黏膜、非典型增生、原位癌及食管鳞癌组织中PTEN蛋白阳性表达率分别为100%、85.00%、70.83%和45.45%,原位癌、食管鳞癌组织中PTEN蛋白阳性率低于正常食管黏膜(P<0.05),食管鳞癌组织中PTEN蛋白阳性率低于原位癌和食管上皮非典型增生组织(P<0.05)。高分化、中分化及低分化食管鳞癌组织中在患者中PTEN蛋白阳性表达率分别为75.00%(15/20)、21.43%(3/14)、20.00%(2/10),高分化食管鳞癌组织中PTEN蛋白阳性表达率显著高于中分化和低分化食管鳞癌组织中(P<0.05),中分化和低分化食管鳞癌组织中PTEN蛋白阳性表达率无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论PTEN表达降低可能与食管鳞状上皮癌变有关,并可能在食管癌早期形成与发展中起有重要的作用。

血清TLR4和PTEN与特发性膜性肾病患者临床病理特征及预后的相关性

目的 探究血清Toll样受体4(TLR4)、第10号染色体缺失性磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物基因(PTEN)与特发性膜性肾病(IMN)患者临床病理特征及预后的相关性。方法 选取2019年1月至2022年1月在河北以岭医院就诊治疗的IMN患者224例为IMN组,同时根据其预后结果将其分为预后良好组174例、预后不良组50例;另选取同期在本院体检健康者100名作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测研究对象血清TLR4、PTEN水平;采用pearson分析IMN患者血清TLR4水平和PTEN水平相关性;多因素Logistic回归分析IMN患者预后不良的影响因素;受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析血清TLR4和PTEN在评估IMN患者预后中的价值。结果 IMN组血清TLR4、PTEN水平较对照组均显著升高,差异有统计学意义(t=12.918,13.249,P<0.05);预后不良组血清TLR4、PTEN水平较预后良好组均显著升高,差异有统计学意义(t=11.608,12.965,P<0.05);IMN患者血清TLR4与PTEN水平呈正相关;TLR4、PTEN、IgG、合并高血压均为IMN患者预后不良的独立危险因素(P<0.05);血清TLR4、PTEN水平预测IMN患者预后是否不良的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.878、0.868,两者联合预测的AUC为0.941,高于两者单独预测(z=1.874、2.065,P<0.05),且特异度为0.89,灵敏度为0.88。结论 血清TLR4、PTEN水平与IMN患者分期,肾小球硬化,二者对IMN预后具有一定的预测价值。

与细胞骨架同源10号染色体有缺陷的磷酸酯酶和磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶在大鼠心肌肥厚中的表达

目的：研究异丙肾上腺素致大鼠心肌肥厚与细胞骨架同源10号染色体有缺陷的磷酸酯酶（PTEN）和磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶（P13K）在心肌组织中的表达，为探讨心肌肥厚的信号转导机制和逆转心肌肥厚提供形态学资料。方法：健康成年SD大鼠皮下注射异丙肾上腺素，造成心肌肥厚模型；取心肌组织，常规石蜡切片，H—E染色，观察心肌组织的病理变化；免疫组织化学显色和免疫荧光显色，检测PTEN和p-P13K的表达及分布。利用图像分析软件对PTEN和p-P13K的表达结果进行定量分析。结果：与对照组相比，实验组PTEN和p-P13K的阳性表达增高。结论：PTEN和p-P13K蛋白表达增高可能在心肌肥厚的发生和发展过程中发挥重要作用。

阿托伐他汀对人CD4+T淋巴细胞张力蛋白同源第10染色体丢失的磷酸酶基因表达的影响

目的研究阿托伐他汀在体外对人CD4+T淋巴细胞张力蛋白同源第10染色体丢失的磷酸酶基因(PTEN)表达的影响。方法取25例健康志愿者的新鲜外周血,免疫磁珠分选出CD4+T淋巴细胞,随机分为空白组、植物血凝素(PHA)刺激组、PHA+1μmol/L阿托伐他汀组、PHA+5μmol/L阿托伐他汀组,PHA+10μmol/L阿托伐他汀组,体外培养48 h后收集各组细胞及培养基上清液,荧光定量PCR检测PTEN mRNA表达水平,Western blot检测PTEN蛋白表达,ELISA检测培养基上清液肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)及白细胞介素10(IL-10)浓度。结果与空白组比较,PHA刺激后,CD4+T淋巴细胞PTEN mRNA、蛋白的表达及上清液TNF-α、IL-6浓度均升高(P<0.05),而IL-10浓度升高无统计学差异(P>0.05)。与PHA刺激组比较,PHA+5μmol/L阿托伐他汀组、PHA+10μmol/L阿托伐他汀组CD4+T淋巴细胞PTEN mRNA、蛋白的表达和上清液IL-10浓度增加(P<0.05),而PHA+1μmol/L阿托伐他汀组具有增高趋势(P>0.05),并随着阿托伐他汀药物浓度的增加而增加;各组上清液TNF-α、IL-6浓度降低,PHA+5μmol/L阿托伐他汀组、PHA+10μmol/L阿托伐他汀组具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。直线相关性分析显示,TNF-α、IL-6的分泌水平与PTEN的表达量呈明显的负相关关系(r=-0.837和r=-0.816,P<0.01),IL-10的分泌水平与PTEN的表达量呈明显的正相关关系(r=0.753,P<0.05)。结论阿托伐他汀能够通过调控人CD4+T淋巴细胞PTEN表达发挥抗炎作用。

急性脑梗死患者血清CXCL1、PTEN mRNA水平与病情严重程度及预后的关系

目的探讨急性脑梗死患者血清CXC趋化因子配体1(CXCL1)、第10染色体同源丢失性磷酸酶张力蛋白基因(PTEN)mRNA水平与病情严重程度及预后的关系。方法将2022年3月至2023年3月该院收治的102例急性脑梗死患者纳入研究作为试验组,另选取同期于该院进行体检的85例健康者作为对照组。收集纳入研究者的空腹静脉血血清标本。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清CXCL1水平。采用实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)检测血清PTEN mRNA相对表达水平(下称水平)。根据美国国立卫生研究院脑卒中量表(NIHSS)评分将试验组患者分神经功能缺损程度不同的3组(重症组、中度组、轻度组),比较3组血清CXCL1、PTEN mRNA水平。根据计算机断层扫描(CT)或磁共振成像(MRI)评估脑梗死体积,将试验组患者分为小型梗死组、中型梗死组和大型梗死组,比较3组血清CXCL1、PTEN mRNA水平。根据改良Rankin量表(mRS)将试验组患者分为预后良好组和预后不良组,比较2组患者血清CXCL1、PTEN mRNA水平。采用Pearson相关分析急性脑梗死患者血清CXCL1、PTEN mRNA水平的相关性。采用多因素Logistics回归分析影响急性脑梗死患者预后的因素。结果试验组有糖尿病史、高血压史者占比及血清CXCL1、PTEN mRNA水平均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随着神经功能缺损程度的增加,血清CXCL1水平、PTEN mRNA水平均增加,重症组、中度组、轻度组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随着梗死面积增加,血清中CXCL1、PTEN mRNA水平均增加,小型梗死组、中型梗死组和大型梗死组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。预后不良组有糖尿病史者占比、有高血压史者占比及血清CXCL1、PTEN mRNA水平均高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。急性脑梗死患者血清CXCL1水平和PTEN mRNA水平呈正相关(r=0.479,P<0.001)。血清CXCL1、PTEN mRNA水平及糖尿病史、高血压史均为急性脑梗死患者预后的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论急性脑梗死患者血清CXCL1、PTEN mRNA水平升高,可用于评估患者病情程度和预后。

急性心肌梗死患者两种血清因子水平及临床意义

目的探讨Y染色体性别决定区相关高迁移率组盒蛋白6(SOX6)、第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源基因(PTEN)在急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者血清中的表达及临床意义。方法选取2021年1月至2022年3月淄博市第一医院和淄博市中心医院收治的AMI患者100例为研究组,根据主要不良心血管事件(MACE)发生情况将患者分为MACE组52例和非MACE组48例,选取同期于淄博市第一医院和淄博市中心医院进行健康体检的志愿者110例为对照组。检测血清PTEN和SOX6水平,用Pearson相关性分析AMI患者血清PTEN和SOX6与临床指标的相关性,用ROC曲线分析PTEN和SOX6水平对AMI及预后的诊断价值。结果与对照组比较,研究组血清SOX6 mRNA水平显著降低(0.69±0.14 vs 1.03±0.16,P<0.01),血清PTEN mRNA水平显著升高(1.56±0.15 vs 1.05±0.08,P<0.01)。与非MACE组比较,MACE组血清SOX6 mRNA水平显著降低(0.61±0.15 vs 0.78±0.13,P<0.01),血清PTEN mRNA水平显著升高(1.74±0.18 vs 1.37±0.12,P<0.01)。Pearson相关性分析显示,AMI患者血清PTEN水平与cTnI、CK-MB、Gensini评分呈正相关,血清SOX6水平与cTnI、CK-MB、Gensini评分呈负相关(P<0.01)。ROC曲线分析显示,血清SOX6和PTEN联合诊断AMI的曲线下面积为0.932(95%CI:0.889~0.962),二者联合预测AMI患者发生MACE的曲线下面积为0.933(95%CI:0.866~0.974)。结论AMI患者血清中SOX6水平下调,PTEN水平上调,二者联合检测有助于诊断AMI及预测MACE。