Clinical Efficacy and Adverse Reactions of Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Malignant Skin Tumors and Precancerous Skin Diseases

The purpose of the study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of malignant skin tumors and precancerous skin diseases.First of all,100 patients with malignant skin tumor and pre-cancer skin disease admitted to our hospital from January 20,2018 to September 18,2018 were selected,and all of them adopted photodynamic therapy.The 100 patients included 40 cases of basal cell carcinoma,14 cases of squamous cell carcinoma,7 cases of proliferative erythema,9 cases of Bowen’s disease and 39 cases of solar keratosis.Among the 100 patients,77 cases had excellent curative effect,18 cases had good effect and 5 cases had poor effect,and the overall effective rate was 95%(95/100).After 6 months of follow-up,5 cases of basal cell carcinoma,2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma,0 cases of proliferative erythra,1 case of Bowen’s disease and 3 cases of solar keratosis recurred,with an overall recurrence rate of 14%(14/100).The adverse reactions of pruritus were 90%(90/100),81%(81/100),90%(90/100)and 3%(3/100).Therefore,the application of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of malignant skin tumors and precancerous skin diseases is not only effective,but also safe and not easy to relapse.

Clinical Study of Aminolevulinic Acid-mediated Acid Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Surgical Therapy of Skin Malignant Tumor

The purpose of the study was to analyze the effects of aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy(ALA-PDT)combined with surgery and its prognostic implications.Firstly,70 cases of skin malignant tumors admitted to the dermatology department of our hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table,with 35 patients in each group.Observation group adopted the ALA-PDT combined with surgery therapy,and control group adopted surgery therapy.Two groups of patients were last follow-up to December 2019.The results showed that the total effective rate of clinical treatment in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),indicating that based on the basis of conventional surgical treatment,combined use of ALA-PDT can effectively improve the clinical therapeutic effect and better promote the patient’s health recovery.Therefore,combined with surgical treatment,ALA-PDT can improve the clinical efficacy of skin malignant tumors with fewer adverse reactions,high safety,low recurrence rate and ideal long-term prognosis.

Anti-tumor activities of a novel chlorin derivative for photodynamic therapy in vitro and in vivo

In this study,a novel photosensitizer mesc-tetra(3-prrolidinomethyl-4-methoxyphenyl)chlorin(TPMC)was reported.It displays a characteristic long wavelength absorption peak at 656 nm and it shows a singlet oxygen quantum yield of 0.48.After light iradiation with 650 nm laser,it can kill Eca-109 and SMMC-7721 cells in vitro(25 mW/cm^(2),1.2 to 3.6J/cm^(2))and destroy Eca-109 tumor in nude mice(50 mW/cm^(2),90J/cm^(2)).It has the perspective to be developed as a new anti-tumor drug in photodynamic therapy(PDT)photodiagnosis,and deserves further investigation.

Studies on photodynamic mechanism of a novel chlorine derivative(TDPC)and its antitumor effect forphotodynamic therapy in vitro and in vivo

Photodynamic therapy(PDT)represents a promising method for treatment of cancerous tumors.The chemical and physical properties of used photosensitizer(PS)play key roles in the treat ment efficacy.In this study,a novel PS,5,10,15,20-tetrais((5-dipropylamino)pentyl)-chlorin(TDPC)which displayed a characteristic long wavelength absorption peak at 650 nm were synthesized.It also shows a singlet oxygen generation rate of 4.257 min^(-1).Generally,TDPC is localized in mitochondria and nucleus of cell.After light irradiation with 650 nm laser,it can kill many types of cell,in addition,TDPC-PDT can destroy ECA-109 tunor in nude mice and a necrotic scab was formed eventually.The expression levels of many genes which regulated cell growth and apoptosis were determined by RT-PCR following TDPC-PDT.The results showed that it either increased or decreased,among which,the expression level of TNFSF13,a member of tumor necrosis factor superfamily,increased signifcantly.In general,TDPC is an elective antitumor PS in vitro and in vito and is worthy of further study as a new drug candidate.TNFSF13 will be an important molecular target for the discovery of new PSs.

Photoswitchable semiconducting polymer dots with photosensitizer molecule and photochromic molecule loading for photodynamic cancer therapy

Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a new and rapidly developing treatment modality for dinical cancer therapy.Semiconductor polymer dots(Pdots)doped with photosensitizers have been successfully applied to PDT,and have made progress in the field of tumor therapy.However,the problems of severe photosensitivity and limited tisue penetration depth are needed to be solved during the implementation process of PDT.Here we developed the Pdots doped with photosensitizer molecule Chlorin e6(Ce6)and photochromic molecule 1,2-bis(2,4-dimethy1-5 phenyl-3-thiophene)-3,3,4,5-hexafuoro-1-cyclopentene(BTE)to construct a photoswitchable nanoplatform for PDT.The Ce6-BTE-doped Pdots were in the green region,and the tissue penetration depth was increased compared with most Pdots in the blue region.The reversible conversion of BTE under different light irradiation was utilized to regulate the photodynamic effect and solve the problem of photosensitivity.The prepared Ce6-BTE-doped Pdots had small size,excellent optical property,efficient ROS generation and good photoswitchable ability.The cellular uptake,cytotoxicity,and photodynamic effect of the Pdots were detected in human colon tumor cells.The experiments in vitro indicated that Ce6-BTE-doped Pdots could exert excellent photodynamic effect in ON state and reduce photosensitivity in OFF state.These results demonstrated that this nanoplatform holds the potential to be used in clinical PDT.

Photodynamic Therapy for Extramammary Paget's Disease:5 Cases Report

Objective： To study the therapeutic effect of photodynamic therapy for extramammary Paget＇s disease. Methods： DIOMED 630 nm diode laser was used as light source and photofrin as photosensitizer. The patient＇s lesion was irradiated for 24-72 h after administrating of photofrin. The power density was 100-150 mW/cm^2 and energy density was 150-300J/cm^2. Dosage of photofrin was 2 mg/kg. Results： Lesion darkened 24 h after irradiation and formed a scar 96-120 h after irradiation. One patient＇s lesion disappeared, three patients＇ lesion diminished apparently and one patient＇s lesion was not controlled 3 months later. Conclusion： Photodynamic therapy is an effective modality for extramammary Paget＇s disease.

近红外光响应性纳米颗粒h-PCuNF介导多模态疗法治疗恶性肿瘤

背景:基于多功能纳米材料的精准治疗是恶性肿瘤的新型治疗模式,多功能纳米材料可以将多种成像和治疗模式整合到一个纳米级平台中,实现可视化联合治疗。目的:制备载碱式磷酸铜纳米颗粒和荷叶碱的新型纳米颗粒h-PCuNF,探讨其介导光热/光动力/化学动力/化疗联合治疗肿瘤的能力。方法:采用双乳化法将碱式磷酸铜纳米颗粒和荷叶碱搭载到中空聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物纳米载体的壳层中,制备出新型纳米颗粒h-PCuNF,表征该纳米颗粒的形态、结构、粒径、Zeta电位等。在去离子水中,检测该纳米颗粒的MRI成像、光热转换及介导光催化和类芬顿反应产生活性氧的能力。在肝脏恶性肿瘤细胞系HepG2中,采用荧光成像和MTT法检测纳米颗粒h-PCuNF介导光热/光动力/化学动力/化疗联合治疗肿瘤的能力。结果与结论:①纳米颗粒h-PCuNF呈中空球形结构,壳层中搭载有碱式磷酸铜纳米颗粒(载药率和包封率分别为26.3%和63.2%)和荷叶碱(载药率和包封率分别为11.0%和52.6%),平均粒径为(309.2±10.0)nm,Zeta电位为(-12.5±0.9)mV,在生理环境中具有良好的悬浮稳定性。②在去离子水中,纳米颗粒h-PCuNF可以显著增强T1加权MRI成像;在近红外激光照射下,纳米颗粒h-PCuNF具有良好的光热转换和光催化活性氧生成的能力;此外,纳米颗粒h-PCuNF可以消耗谷胱甘肽并介导类芬顿反应产生•OH。③纳米颗粒h-PCuNF可被肿瘤细胞HepG2摄取,并且主要分布在细胞质中;纳米颗粒h-PCuNF被近红外激光照射激活后,碱式磷酸铜纳米颗粒介导的光热/光动力/化学动力治疗可与荷叶碱介导的化疗协同治疗恶性肿瘤。

光动力疗法治疗口腔白斑的研究进展

口腔白斑(oral leukoplakia, OLK)指发生于口腔黏膜上不能被擦去、也不能以临床或组织病理学方法诊断为其他可定义的疾病的白色损害,是一种口腔黏膜癌前病变。现有治疗OLK的方法中,非手术治疗如药物治疗缺乏其防止OLK恶性转化和复发的确切证据;而手术治疗则存在适应证窄、术后口腔形态及功能受损等不足;光动力疗法(photodynamic therapy, PDT)是一种现代的非侵入性疗法,可用于治疗包括口腔白斑在内的各种肿瘤及非肿瘤病变,由于其良好的组织形态及功能保存潜能,现已成为治疗口腔白斑的一种新型且前景广阔的治疗选择。该文就PDT治疗口腔白斑应用的光敏剂、光源及其辅助治疗手段作一综述。

上消化道肿瘤光动力治疗中光敏剂的应用综述

国家癌症中心统计数据显示,2022年我国上消化道肿瘤死亡病例近50万,严重威胁人民群众的健康安全。光动力治疗上消化道肿瘤是通过内镜及传导光纤将治疗激光束引入体内对病灶进行靶向治疗,已成为近年来临床治疗肿瘤的效果最佳、副作用最少的医学方式。影响光动力治疗效果的关键因素之一是光敏剂的类型和剂量。通过研究光敏剂发展情况、在上消化道肿瘤治疗中的应用现状以及治疗效果等,对比国内外研究进展,分析了光动力治疗中对光敏剂的特性要求以及未来的研究方向。

金纳米颗粒负载光敏剂在改善恶性肿瘤光动力治疗中的研究进展

金纳米颗粒(AuNPs)是纳米医学中常用的纳米材料之一。AuNPs作为载体可以将药物精确地输送至靶细胞或靶组织,提高疾病的诊断和治疗效率。光动力疗法(PDT)在治疗肿瘤上拥有巨大潜力,是被批准用于临床治疗的新方法。有证据表明,光敏剂(PS)通过共价键或者非共价键的相互作用包被在AuNPs上,不仅能提高肿瘤细胞对PS的有效摄取,增强PDT的效率,还可以克服单纯PDT的局限性。该文综述了AuNPs的类型、特点及其应用,着重介绍了AuNPs与PDT相结合的抗癌活性。

光动力治疗右颊黏膜疣状癌1例报道及文献回顾

目的探讨口腔疣状癌的光动力治疗方法及疗效,为临床提供参考。方法本研究遵循医学伦理学要求,对1例发生在右颊黏膜直径约2.5 cm的口腔疣状癌的光动力治疗进行总结,结合文献对口腔疣状癌的特点、治疗及口腔黏膜潜在恶性疾患的光动力治疗进行回顾性分析。结果该口腔疣状癌患者先后进行4次光动力治疗,右颊病损面积显著减小。术后随访6个月,右颊白色疣状增生完全消退,无明显瘢痕形成。术后3年,右颊病损无复发,治疗区域无明显瘢痕形成,张口度3指,双侧颌下、颏下、颈部均未触及淋巴结肿大。文献回顾表明,口腔疣状癌是一种少见的鳞状细胞癌亚型,具有生长缓慢、低度恶性、极少转移的特点,手术是首选治疗手段,但存在一定局限性。光动力治疗具有微创性、可重复操作、不良反应轻微等优势,近年来光动力治疗已逐步应用于口腔黏膜潜在恶性疾患和早期口腔鳞状细胞癌的治疗,并取得了积极结果,但尚未见用于口腔疣状癌治疗的报道。结论光动力治疗为口腔疣状癌提供了一种非手术切除的新选择。

Cationic telluroviologen derivatives as type-I photosensitizers for tumor photodynamic theranostics

The hypoxia of the tumor microenvironment(TME)seriously restricts the photodynamic therapy(PDT)effect of conventional type-II photosensitizers,which are highly dependent on O_(2).In this work,a new type-I photosensitizer(TPE-TeVPPh3)consisting of a tetraphenylethylene group(TPE)as a bioimaging moiety,triphenyl-phosphine(PPh3)as a mitochondria-targeting group,and telluroviologen(TeV2+)as a reactive oxygen species(O_(2)•−,•OH)generating moiety is developed.The luminescence intensity of TPE-TeV-PPh3 increased significantly after specific oxidation by excess H2O2 in the TME without responding to normal tissues via the formation of Te═O bond,which can be used for monitoring abnormal H2O2,positioning,and imaging of tumors.TPE-TeV-PPh3 with highly reactive radicals generation and stronger hypoxia tolerance realizes efficient cancer cell killing under hypoxic conditions,achieving 88%tumor growth inhibition.Therefore,TPE-TeV-PPh3 with low phototoxicity in normal tissue achieves tumor imaging and effective PDT toward solid tumors in response to high concentrations of H_(2)O_(2)in the TME,which provides a new strategy for the development of type-I photosensitizers.

半导体激光在牙周非手术治疗的应用研究进展

慢性牙周炎是由菌斑微生物引起得慢性炎症性疾病,去除菌斑结石是牙周非手术治疗的金标准。然而彻底清创难度较大,尤其在一些复杂的解剖位点,过度刮治又可能造成健康牙骨质的丧失导致术后根面敏感。研究表明半导体激光因其波长(630~1064 nm)接近血红素和黑色素的吸收峰值,在有血液的环境中能发挥最佳性能,在口腔领域具有广泛的应用前景。在牙周非手术治疗时半导体激光有软激光疗法、光动力疗法及低能量激光疗法3种治疗模式,可单一使用也可组合使用。虽然半导体激光无法代替机械治疗去除结石,但是其通过光热效应、光化学效应、生物刺激等作用可以去除感染的牙周袋上皮、改变微循环促进创面愈合及止血止痛等。半导体激光治疗效果取决于合适的治疗剂量,需精准掌控输出强度,控制照射时间,避免引起组织的热损伤。未来还需在分子水平上对其进行广泛的研究,了解组织的反应,同时还需更多高质量、大样本的随机对照试验来规范激光在牙周炎中的使用。

光动力疗法及其临床的主要应用

光动力疗法相较外科手术切除、放射治疗、药物治疗等传统治疗方式具有微创性、低毒副作用、低耐药性等优势。目前,光动力疗法在临床应用上仍存在一些尚待解决的困难。通过对近年来国内外110余篇光动力疗法相关文献整理归类,主要分析了目前光动力疗法在癌症、表皮病变、感染领域的研究和相应的作用机制。通过对光动力疗法主要治疗领域的深入解读,将为光动力疗法的广泛临床应用提供理论依据和技术支持。

光动力荧光诊断在皮肤疾病的应用进展

光动力荧光诊断是利用光敏剂在物理退激过程中所产生的荧光进行疾病诊断的一种无创诊断方法,具有操作简便,灵敏度高,可实时监测等特点。光动力荧光诊断在皮肤疾病中常用于非黑素皮肤肿瘤、光线性角化病和尖锐湿疣的皮损定位指导光动力治疗或其他治疗方案,也逐渐应用于毛囊皮脂腺相关疾病以及某些炎症性、感染性疾病等,在疾病辅助诊断、疗效监测和临床随访中发挥重要作用。本文阐述光动力荧光诊断的作用机制以及在上述皮肤疾病中的应用进展。

中枢神经系统肿瘤微创治疗现状及研究进展

中枢神经系统肿瘤是对人体健康构成严重威胁的疾病。传统的治疗方法包括手术切除、放疗和化疗等,但这些方法存在一定的局限性和副作用。随着微创手术和影像科技的进步,神经系统肿瘤微创治疗成为神经医学领域的研究热点,其中包括肿瘤激光间质热疗、肿瘤电场治疗和肿瘤光动力治疗等方法。这些微创治疗方法具有创伤小、康复快和效果显著等优点,并已在临床实践中广泛应用。本综述旨在介绍近年来神经系统肿瘤微创治疗领域的重要成果及对未来的展望。

二氢卟吩e_6的合成及其光敏化力和肿瘤光生物活性

由蚕沙叶绿素粗品 ,经酸碱降解反应制得二氢卟吩 e6 (1) ;并测定了 1在 D2 O中对 NADPH光氧化作用的敏化效应和对小鼠 S1 80 肉瘤的光动力损伤作用。初步试验结果表明 :1在非细胞体系内的光敏化力和对小鼠 S1 80 肉瘤的光动力疗效均优于参比药物血卟啉衍生物 (HPD)

光动力治疗法的研究进展

本文详细阐述了光动力治疗法的原理、光敏剂和临床实验发展近况。并对光动力治疗所用的光源,对恶性肿瘤治疗研究和临床情况进行了报道。

竹红菌乙素脂质体对鸡冠皮肤光动力效应的初步研究

目的 观察竹红菌乙素脂质体 (HB liposome)光动力学疗法对鸡冠皮肤的光敏损伤特点。方法 成年来亨鸡 4 5只 ,随机分为对照组 9只 ,PDT组 36只。PDT组动物静脉分别注射HB liposome 0 2 5、0 5、0 75mg/kg ,给药后即刻用铜蒸气激光照射 ,功率密度分别为 5 0、1 0 0mW/cm2 ,能量密度分别为 30、6 0、1 2 0J/cm2 ,于照射后第 1、3、7、1 4、2 8天进行肉眼和光镜观察。结果 光敏剂剂量为 0 2 5、0 5mg/kg时 ,以功率密度为 1 0 0mW /cm2 的铜蒸气激光混合光照射 2 0min ,肉眼和光镜观察显示来亨鸡鸡冠的真皮乳头层毛细血管网破坏明显 ,表皮层无明显损伤 ,褪色效果明显。结论 HB liposome光动力学疗法对鲜红斑痣模型—来亨鸡鸡冠有着良好的褪色效果。

铜蒸气激光照射下11种光敏剂杀伤强度的比较

目的 检测目前国内常用的和中国科学院化学研究所合成的共 11种光敏剂 ,比较它们对细胞杀伤效应的强弱 ,筛选出适于临床应用的新型光敏剂。方法 将乳腺癌MDAMB 5 4 3细胞接种于 96孔培养板 ,然后加入用RPMI16 4 0培养基配置的不同浓度的不同光敏剂 ,4h后照光 ,2 4h后用四唑盐比色法测定细胞存活率。以血卟啉衍生物 (HpD)作为标准对照。结果 在 5 10 6nm和 5 78 2nm的混合光照射下 ,竹红菌素A(HA)、竹红菌素B(HB)和 5 ,15 二芳基 2 ,3 二羟基卟吩 (DPCOH)比HpD有更强的杀伤效应。血啉甲醚 (HMME)的杀伤效应是HpD的 1 2左右。其他的一些化合物在此波长条件下杀伤效应较差 ,其中一些是因其溶解性不好而不能完全发挥其杀伤效能。