PSO-BP-Based Optimal Allocation Model for Complementary Generation Capacity of the Photovoltaic Power Station

To improve the operation efficiency of the photovoltaic power station complementary power generation system,an optimal allocation model of the photovoltaic power station complementary power generation capacity based on PSO-BP is proposed.Particle Swarm Optimization and BP neural network are used to establish the forecasting model,the Markov chain model is used to correct the forecasting error of the model,and the weighted fitting method is used to forecast the annual load curve,to complete the optimal allocation of complementary generating capacity of photovoltaic power stations.The experimental results show that thismethod reduces the average loss of photovoltaic output prediction,improves the prediction accuracy and recall rate of photovoltaic output prediction,and ensures the effective operation of the power system.

Energy conversion materials for the space solar power station

Since it was first proposed,the space solar power station(SSPS)has attracted great attention all over the world;it is a huge space system and provides energy for Earth.Although several schemes and abundant studies on the SSPS have been proposed and conducted,it is still not realized.The reason why SSPS is still an idea is not only because it is a giant and complex project,but also due to the requirement for various excellent space materials.Among the diverse required materials,we believe energy materials are the most important.Herein,we review the space energy conversion materials for the SSPS.

Assessment of Effects of Qinshan Nuclear Power Station on the Ecological Environment and Water Quality of its Adjacent Waters after its Running

On the basis of the data of biological and nonbiological factors collected respectively from 1989 to 1990 and from 1995 to 1996 in the waters nearby the Qinshan Nuclear Power Station, the ecological environment and water quality of the waters are analyzed and assessed in the paper. The results show: (a) the surveyed area has the typical ecological characteristics of high tidal range estuary, rich nutrients and low biological productivity, (b) tide, runoff and offshore seawater intrusion are the key factors which result in seasonal and annual changes of various biological and non-biological factors, (c) the risking of seawater eutrophication index is resulted from enormous amount of the discharges of industrial and domestic sewage, (d) because the survey area is located in a high tidal-range estuary, thermal effluent from cooling system does not induce significant temperature changes, ( e) the first stage project of Qinshan nuclear power station has no notable impacts on the ecological environment in

Phytoplankton ecology in the adjacent waters of the Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station in Guangdong in spring

The purpose of this study is to detail the ecological characteristics of phytoplankton in waters around the Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station in Guangdong (GNPS) (Fig. 1) in spring, the bloom period of algae. The collections with a small temporal scale of every three days were made during 30 cruises from March to May in 1987. Such an investigation has never been carried out before in China except that the seasonal distribution and composition of phytoplankton in these regions were reported in

Performance on Power,Hot and Cold Water Generation of a Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal Module

This paper proposed a new function of photovoltaic thermal(PVT)module to produce nocturnal cool water not just only generating electrical power and hot water during daytime.Experimental tests were carried out under Chiang Mai tropical climate with a 200 Wp monocrystalline PVT module having dimensions of 1.601 m×0.828 m connected with two water tanks each of 60 L taken for hot and cool water storages.The module was facing south with 18o inclination.The electrical load was a 200 W halogen lamp.From experiments,by taking the module as a nocturnal radiative cooling surface,the cool water temperature in the cool storage tank could be reduced 2℃–3℃each night and the temperature could be reduced from 31.5℃to 22.1℃within 4 consecutive days.The cool water at approximately 23℃was also used to cool down the PVT module from noon when the PVT module temperature was rather high,and then the module temperature immediately dropped around 5℃and approximately 10%increase of electrical power could be achieved.A set of mathematical models was also developed to predict the PVT module temperature and the hot water temperature including the cool water temperature in the storage tanks during daytime and nighttime.The simulated results agreed well with the experimental data.

Slag-washing water of blast furnace power station with supercritical organic Rankine cycle

Organic Rankine cycle(ORC) power plant operating with supercritical parameters supplied by low temperature slag-washing water(SWW) of blast furnace was investigated.A schematic of such installation was presented with a description of its operation and the algorithm of calculations of a supercritical power plant.Two typical organic fluids with sufficiently low critical parameters were selected as candidate working fluids in the plant to study the efficiency of the system with different organic fluids.An analysis of the influence on the effectiveness of operation of a plant was carried out.With the same temperature of slag-washing water,the specific work in turbine of fluid R143a is 45% higher than that obtained for the fluid R125,however,the specific work in pump of fluid R143a is approximate equal into that one of the fluid R125.

Environmental Ecological Response to Increasing Water Temperature in the Daya Bay, Southern China in 1982-2012

The increase of water temperature, due to thermal discharges from two nuclear power stations, was one of the most significant environmental changes since 1982 in the Daya Bay, located in the north of the South China Sea. This study investigates the long-term (1982-2012) environmental changes in Daya Bay in response to the increase of water temperature, via comprehensively interpreting and analyzing both satellite and in situ observations along with previous data. The results show that: 1) salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nutrients had been enhanced after the thermal discharges started in 1994;2) the concentration of Chl-a increased while the net-phytoplankton abundance decreased;3) diversity of the phytoplankton community had decreased;4) fishery production had declined;and 5) frequency of Harmful Algal Bloom occurrence had increased. Satellite images show clearly that a thermal plume from the power stations extended toward the interior of Daya Bay, and that surface temperature of the seawater increased as one approached the power stations. The analysis suggests that the thermal water discharged from the two power stations was a driver of the ecosystem’s change in Daya Bay. Several factors, including nutrients, salinity, DO, and COD, varied according to the increase of water temperature. These factors affected the water quality, Chl-a, and phytoplankton in the short term and impaired aquatic organisms and the whole ecosystem in the long term.

风光热储互补发电系统容量配置技术研究

针对无常规电源支撑的风光热储互补发电系统,协调规划装机容量对提高发电系统运行经济性和利用率具有重要意义。提出了一种双层优化配置方法,上层以最小度电成本及弃电率为目标,确定系统装机容量;下层以新能源发电消纳最大为目标,解决功率分配问题。通过反复迭代寻优,得到系统容量配置;然后;通过纳什谈判对优化结果进行选择;最后,对甘肃河西地区数据进行仿真分析。结果表明:风光热储互补发电系统最优容量配置下的度电成本为0.3064元/(k W·h);风电场加光伏电站装机容量与光热电站装机容量的最优比为6:1,对比相同装机容量的风光互补发电系统,风光热储互补发电系统具有更高的稳定性。

泰国LAMTAKONG抽水蓄能电站(U3 U4)供水系统设计与探讨

文中对泰国LAMTAKONG抽水蓄能电站(U3 U4)供水系统的设计、供水系统方案的选择、系统组成及主要设备选择进行了阐述,并对目前系统存在的问题及系统优化等进行了简单的分析与探讨,提出改进的建议,可为类似抽水蓄能电站供水系统设计提供参考和借鉴。

计算机视觉的电站锅炉水冷壁缺陷检测方法

发电厂锅炉巡检可有效避免安全事故发生,针对现场巡检过程中,锅炉水冷壁巡检区域较大,部分区域检测困难问题,开发一种基于YOLOv3模型的水冷壁缺陷检测系统。无人机携带视觉采集装置,对豫能集团某电厂锅炉水冷壁进行图像采集,画面经压缩后实时无线传输到检测末端装置,采用YOLOv3算法对水冷壁数据进行分析,对模型重要参数进行调整并做出样本增广与平衡化改进处理,提高检测效果,共测出磨损、裂缝、氧化等106处失效部位,与人工检测对比,成功率达77.9%。该方法解决了在巡检区域大、部分区域检测困难问题,使大型电站锅炉在开展水冷壁检测方面实际付出的成本得到有效缩减。

城市轨道交通车站出入口分布式光伏发电应用研究

[目的]基于我国“碳达峰、碳中和”目标,以及城市轨道交通绿色、低碳、可持续发展的需求,研究分布式光伏发电系统在车站出入口应用的可行性。[方法]以深圳地铁为例,结合车站出入口的造型,研究了车站出入口光伏建筑一体化方案和光伏系统并网方案,分析了车站出入口光伏发电系统的经济效益和社会效益。[结果及结论]车站出入口是应用分布式光伏发电系统的理想场地,各类车站出入口结构形式均具备应用光伏发电技术的条件。城市轨道交通线路众多,每条线路车站出入口数量超过百余个,随着光伏发电成本进一步降低及国家“双碳”目标的推动,“光伏+轨道交通”将会产生更大的经济效益和显著的社会效益。

考虑发电与弃水风险的梯级水电站水库风险调度模型

为量化梯级水电站水库调度过程中的风险形势,提出了预报信息驱动的梯级水电站水库风险调度模型。基于长短期记忆(LSTM)神经网络建立风险形势预测模型,通过构造预报入库径流、水库运行工况、调度决策与出力破坏程度和弃水量之间的映射关系,动态推演复杂工况下梯级水电站水库调度风险;建立基于风险形势的梯级水电站水库调度模型,提出发电不足风险预控模式和弃水风险预控模式。选取雅砻江流域下游锦屏一级和二滩水库组成的梯级水电站水库作为实例研究,结果表明:与常规发电量最大模型相比,风险调度模型通过提前降低出力来补偿未来出力破坏时段的发电量,锦屏一级和二滩水电站分别减小出力破坏程度46%、63%,通过提前增加发电流量预留库容来缓解蓄水期后续时段的弃水量,锦屏一级和二滩水电站分别降低弃水流量4.8%、5.4%;风险形势预测模型能够将径流不确定性嵌入风险调度模型中,通过风险预控决策动态响应水电站水库调度运行状态和径流形势变化,在保证梯级发电量的同时有效降低调度风险。

基于遗传算法小波神经网络的光伏电站发电量预测方法

针对光伏电站发电量预测不准确及多种气象因素下预测结果出现波动的问题,提出一种基于遗传算法小波神经网络(GA-WNN)的光伏电站发电量预测方法。首先,以反向传播(BP)神经网络的结构为框架,选择小波基函数作为隐含层的传递函数,将网络连接权值、小波函数伸缩因子、小波函数平移因子视为遗传个体,并通过遗传算法(GA)进行个体寻优以得到网络最优初始参数;然后,利用优化后的网络进行仿真预测,并对仿真数据进行分析;最后,将预测结果与实际发电量进行对比,以评估预测模型的误差和可靠性。实例分析表明,GA-WNN预测模型具有更小的误差和更高的预测精度,适用于精确预测光伏电站的发电量。

光伏阵列对松嫩草地土壤细菌群落组成与多样性的影响

为阐明光伏电站对松嫩草地土壤细菌组成与多样性的影响,调查并测定了吉林西部一座光伏电站的光伏板行间、光伏板下和光伏阵列周边(对照)的植物群落特征和土壤特征,采用Illumina HiSeq 2500基因测序仪进行了土壤细菌16S rDNA测序.结果表明:光伏阵列呈现提高土壤细菌Ace,Chao1和Simpson多样性指数的趋势,并显著增加拟杆菌纲、梭菌纲、酸杆菌纲、放线菌纲和γ-变形菌纲的相对丰度.影响土壤细菌群落的主要因素是土壤pH和全碳、全氮和总有机碳含量,以及植物群落地上生物量和盖度.光伏阵列对松嫩草地土壤细菌群落组成和优势纲丰度均有一定的影响,并对土壤细菌多样性的恢复发挥了积极作用.

基于广义S变换的光伏电站谐波和间谐波分析方法

针对S变换高斯窗函数形式固定不变的问题,引入高斯窗调节因子改进S变换,提出一种基于广义S变换的光伏电站谐波和间谐波分析方法。首先通过MATLAB/Simulink搭建光伏电站的仿真模型,在自然采样双极性SPWM调制方式下采集逆变器的三相输出电压;然后以A相电压为例,采用广义S变换对电压信号处理得到一个模时频矩阵;最后对该矩阵分析实现光伏电站谐波和间谐波参数的准确计算。仿真结果表明,本文方法的幅值计算误差最大仅为3.30×10^(-4)%,频率的平均计算误差为0%,远小于S变换幅值误差35.19%和频率误差2.39%;能满足光伏电站谐波和间谐波检测精度的需要。

计及静态电压稳定性的风光电站选址定容协同规划方法

为了降低风光电站并网给电力系统电压稳定性带来的负面影响,提出了计及静态电压稳定性的风光电站选址定容协同规划方法。分析了风光电站的发电特性,并对其建立数学模型;考虑并网等值阻抗和静态电压稳定性的内在制约关系,进一步综合风光电站及其汇集站选址定容、并网点位置等优化目标,建立了风光电站选址定容协同规划模型;基于地图栅格化和分段线性化方法,将所提规划模型转换为混合整数线性规划模型;在此基础上,利用K-means算法提取典型场景,并给出了所提模型的求解流程。基于西南某地区的实际数据进行算例验证,结果表明所提规划方法能够充分发挥规划区域内自然资源的禀赋特性和风光发电互补性,有效提高了风光电站并网后的静态电压稳定性。

抽水蓄能电站输水管道区域环境振动分析及减振措施

为了探讨抽水蓄能电站输水管道区域环境振动的问题,结合实际工程的环境振动监测资料,采用Midas-GTS软件分析抽水蓄能电站输水管道区域环境在不同工况下的振动影响,并提出合理的减振措施。研究结果表明:库区上游靠近机组的区域环境振动分贝值均大于库区下游,库区下游靠近居民区的环境振动分贝值均大于居民区环境振动标准值,且严重影响居民的正常生活。由于抽水蓄能电站区域环境振源复杂,填充沟措施效果显著,且易施工,对类似的抽水蓄能电站工程具有一定的借鉴意义。

分布式光伏电站接入配电网继电保护整定优化

为了缓解配电网的供电压力,越来越多的分布式光伏电站接入其中,导致配电网结构发生了改变,因此需要重新整定继电保护的定值,否则,当配电网发生故障时,继电器很难有效发挥其保护作用。提出一种分布式光伏电站接入配电网的继电保护整定优化方法。以继电器协同动作时间总和最小值为优化目标,设置4个约束条件,利用微分进化算法求取目标函数的最优解,得出继电器启动电流和时间整定系数的最优整定值。实验结果表明:在接入分布式光伏电站的两相短路故障时,所提整定优化方法的继电器保护总体动作时间更短,验证了该算法的保护整定效果更好,更有利于继电器迅速排除配电网故障,保护配电网安全。

光伏电站建设项目内部基准收益率测算

内部基准收益率(简称基准收益率)是衡量资产价值与建设项目经济价值的重要参数,其取值受宏观经济情况,市场景气程度以及行业发展水平等因素影响,随时间呈动态变化,也因项目的不同而存在差别。光伏发电属于可再生能源发电中十分重要的部分,但由于该行业发展的年限较短,光伏电站建设项目的基准收益率尚缺乏针对行业特点的测算方法。融合资本资产定价模型(CAPM)和加权平均资本成本(WACC)方法,得到适用于项目的权益资本成本和适用于具体项目的基准收益率。并以某屋顶分布式光伏电站项目为例,计算得到该项目的基准收益率为4.50%,符合当前光伏项目4%~8%的基准收益率水平,说明采用该方法计算光伏发电项目的基准收益率是可行的。