Antioxidant, anti-quorum sensing and anti-biofilm potential of ethanolic leaf extract of Phrynium capitatum and Dryptes indica

Objective: To investigate the antioxidant and anti-infective potential of Phrynium capitatum and Dryptes indica extract. Methods: The antioxidant potentials were determined by DPPH radical scavenging, reducing power, hydroxyl radical scavenging and total antioxidant assays. We further examined anti-quorum sensing activity and inhibition of synthesis of pathogenic factor of Chromobacterium violaceum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Bioactive compounds were determined using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. In silico analysis was conducted to determine the binding affinity of bioactive compounds of plant extracts for the quorum sensing regulatory receptor LasR. Results: DPPH assay showed that the ethanolic extract of Phrynium capitatum and Dryptes indica at 500 μg/mL showed (86.96 ± 4.07)% and (74.83 ± 3.47)% inhibition, respectively. Hydroxyl radical scavenging assay showed (73.17 ± 3.03)% and (62.63 ± 4.59)% activity, respectively. The ethanolic extract of Phrynium capitatum and Dryptes indica showed high level of attenuation of quorum sensing regulated pyocyanin production. Confocal laser scanning microscopic analysis revealed that the extracts had the potential to effectively inhibit biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Molecular docking analysis showed a better binding affinity of bioactive compounds from the extracts for the structure of LasR protein of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusions: The ethanolic extracts of Phrynium capitatum and Dryptes indica possess antioxidant activity and the potential to inhibit the quorum sensing system and its regulatory virulence traits in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1.

棕叶花提取物对动物离体子宫的兴奋作用

目的探讨棕叶花不同提取物对家兔、豚鼠、大鼠、小鼠离体子宫的兴奋作用。方法采用BL-410生物机能实验系统,观察棕叶花4种提取物对非孕或注射己烯雌酚后家兔、豚鼠、大鼠、小鼠离体子宫的兴奋作用,并用EC50与益母草流浸膏进行比较。结果棕叶花正丁醇组分、水溶性组分均能使非孕或注射己烯雌酚后大鼠、小鼠、豚鼠、家兔离体子宫平滑肌的收缩频率增快、收缩幅度增强、张力明显提高,其兴奋子宫的强度比益母草流浸膏显著(P<0.05)。而石油醚组分、醋酸乙酯组分对上述动物兴奋子宫作用微弱。结论棕叶花正丁醇、水溶性组分对家兔、豚鼠、大鼠、小鼠离体子宫有明显兴奋作用。对离体子宫兴奋作用比益母草流浸膏显著。

柱前衍生化HPLC法测定柊叶游离氨基酸成分及风味评价

建立柱前衍生化HPLC法测定柊叶游离氨基酸的方法,对其营养价值和风味进行评价。柱前衍生化HPLC法以异硫氰酸苯酯为衍生试剂,色谱条件为:C 18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),醋酸钠缓冲液-乙腈(93∶7)和乙腈-水(4∶1)为流动相,进行梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温40℃,检测波长为254 nm。结果表明,18种氨基酸均呈现良好的线性关系(R^(2)>0.9990),柊叶游离氨基酸的平均回收率分别为98.3%~105.6%(RSD为0.63%~3.11%,n=6)。所建立的方法稳定、灵敏、重现性好,可用于柊叶游离氨基酸的定量分析。柊叶含有18种氨基酸及8种人体必需氨基酸,必需氨基酸总量为38.85%,接近于WHO/FAO模式值(40.0%),各种必需氨基酸组分达到WHO/FAO氨基酸成人模式的需求;鲜味氨基酸和甜味氨基酸的含量分别为10.73和5.20 mg/g,占呈味氨基酸总含量的22.58%和46.59%;鲜味氨基酸Asp和甜味氨基酸Thr的含量较高,分别为3.75 mg/g和3.33 mg/g,鲜味氨基酸Asp和芳香族氨基酸Cys的RCT值分别为125.00和20.50,对风味贡献最高。总之柊叶氨基酸种类齐全,比例合理,呈味氨基酸含量丰富,具有极大开发价值。

柊叶和象草波式潜流人工湿地的对比研究

为探索柊叶和象草在人工湿地中的应用及其净化机理,该研究以柊叶和象草为人工湿地植物分别构建了波式潜流人工湿地系统,分析了柊叶和象草波式潜流人工湿地对生活污水中COD_(cr)、TN和TP的净化效果,观察了柊叶和象草两种植物在不同季节的生长状况。结果表明:经过15个月的连续运行,在表面水力负荷约0.3 m·d^(-1)的条件下,柊叶和象草波式潜流人工湿地平均去除率是COD_(cr)分别为66.1%和70.1%,TN分别为60.4%和63.7%,TP分别为74.1%和75.1%。两种植物生长良好,根系发达,象草的地上生物量是柊叶的2.1倍,地下生物量相当;冬季象草生长缓慢,柊叶部分叶片的四周干枯,但二者都不会枯亡。这说明两个人工湿地对COD_(cr)、TN和TP都具有较好的去除效果,但无显著性差异,柊叶和象草能明显提高潜流人工湿地的净化效果。

柊叶对急性酒精中毒小鼠解酒作用的研究

目的:探讨柊叶对急性酒精中毒小鼠的解酒作用。方法:采用酒精灌胃法建立小鼠急性酒精中毒模型,观察各组小鼠醉酒行为学指标,记录各组小鼠醉酒时间和醒酒时间,采用气相色谱法测定各组小鼠血清中乙醇浓度。结果:与模型组小鼠的醉酒持续时间相比,阳性对照组、柊叶叶组、柊叶花组、柊叶根组小鼠的醉酒持续时间明显缩短。且与模型组、阳性对照组小鼠的血清乙醇含量比较,柊叶提取物组小鼠的血清中乙醇浓度显著降低。由此可见,柊叶能显著缩短小鼠醉酒时长,降低小鼠血清乙醇浓度,解酒效果明显,差异均有统计学意义。结论:柊叶对急性酒精中毒的小鼠能快速发挥解酒作用。