An Analysis of Physical Fitness Differences in Soccer,Handball,and Basketball

This study focuses on the evaluation of the differences of physical fitness among soccer players, handball players, and basketball players, and the investigation of the physical fitness structures of those players. The participants consisted of 160 elite players selected from university teams. Fourteen tests related to health and motor fitness were conducted. The results were subjected to a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) to test the mean vector differences among the three groups of different sport. Nine out of the fourteen tests were of significantly discriminating results regarding to different group, which include side step, abdominal strength, shuttle running, 100m running, pull-up, 1,500m running, trunk flexion, grip strength and broad jump, as determined by a stepwise regression approach. MANOVA showed that there was a significant difference (p<0.001) of the mean vectors of the 9 tests among the three events. Discriminant function analysis showed that three discriminant functions were significant, whose correctness was testified by the classification analysis to be over 80.2%. It is demonstrated that elite handball players are good at agility, elite soccer players are speedy, and successful basketball players apparently possess preeminent muscular strength and endurance.

PHYSICAL SIMULATION OF CONTINUOUS ROLL CASTING PROCESS

A series of simulating experimental studies on the rheological behavior and its influential factors of aluminum alloy in continuous roll-casting process have been explored in this paper with a Gleeble-1500 Thermal-Mechanical Simulation Tester and a set of special clamp system. Relevant rheological rules in the process of coupling transient solidification and continuous deformation of roll-casting conditions are obtained. Experimental results indicate that four different characteristic stages exist in the whole rheological process, and relative constitutive models suitable for the given conditions of continuous roll casting process have been established through multivariable linear regression analysis of the experimental data.

Acupuncture plus bloodletting therapy for insomnia in blood stasis constitution:a clinical study

Objective： To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus bloodletting therapy in treating insomnia in people with blood stasis constitution. Methods： Seventy-two patients were randomized into a treatment group and a control group by using the random number table, 36 cases each. The treatment group received acupuncture plus bloodletting therapy, while the control group was intervened by oral administration of estazolam. One-week treatment was taken as a course, for 3 successive courses in total. A follow-up study was conducted 3 months later. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index （PSQI） was evaluated before and after the intervention, as well as in the follow-up. The clinical efficacies were also compared. Results： The total effective rate was 88.9% in the treatment group versus 83.3% in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant （P〈0.O5）. After the intervention, the PSO.I scores dropped significantly in both groups （both P〈0.05）; the between-group difference in PSQI score was statistically significant （P〈O.05）. The follow-up study showed that the between-group difference in the global score of PSO, I was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Acupuncture plus bloodletting therapy can produce a more significant efficacy than oral administration of estazolam in treating insomnia in people with blood stasis constitution.

Correlation between tobacco and alcohol use and Traditional Chinese Medicine constitutions: an analysis based on a sample from general population of China

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship between smoking and drinking and constitution types from Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)theory.METHODS:The Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire(CCMQ)was used.A sample of 8448subjects from nine provinces and municipalities was chosen from the database of the TCM constitution and health status survey.Constituent ratio and correspondence analysis were used to find the relationship between smoking and drinking and TCM constitution.RESULTS:There was an association between smokinganddrinkingandtheGentleness,phlegm-dampness,and dampness-heat type constitutions.People that did not smoke tobacco or drink alcohol tended to have Yang-deficiency,Yin-deficiency,Qi-depression,Qi-deficiency,special diathesis,orblood-stasis type constitutions.CONCLUSION:There was a significant correlation between tobacco and alcohol use and TCM constitutions.To improve patient health,more attention should be paid to tobacco and alcohol control.

Gut microbiota and differential genes-maintained homeostasis is key to maintaining health of individuals with Yang-deficiency constitution

OBJECTIVE:Yang-deficiency constitution(YADC)is a common unbalanced constitution that predisposes individuals to certain diseases.However,not all people with YADC manifest develop diseases.This calls for delineation of the underlying molecular mechanisms.Previous studies suggested that the gut microbiota and gene differential expression should be considered.METHODS:In the present study,we compared profiles of gut microbiota between four healthy YADC individuals and those of five healthy balanced constitution(BC)counterparts,based on 16 S r RNA gene sequence analysis.Furthermore,YADC relevant genes identified by comparing 62 healthy YADC and 58 healthy BC individuals in total to perform intersection analysis,functional clustering and pathway enrichment analyses.RESULTS:The levels of harmful gut microbiota(Prevotellaceae,LDA score>4.0,P=0.0141)and beneficial gut microbiota(Ruminococcaceae,LDA score>4.0,P=0.0025,Faecalibacterium,LDA score>4.0,P=0.0484)were both elevated in healthy YADC individuals.Also,we found that the specific metabolic pathway with 2,6-Dichloro-p-hydroquinone 1,2-Dioxygenase(Pcp A)as the core in gut microbiota and the glutathione transferase activity has been enriched by YADC relevant genes in healthy YADC individuals were both responsible for the detoxification of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon substances.CONCLUSIONS:Both beneficial and harmful factors had been detected in healthy YADC individuals,functionally,they may have triggered homeostasis to maintain the health of individuals with YADC.The homeostasis may be maintained by beneficial and harmful factors from gut flora and genes.Future studies are expected to focus on halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons and their detoxification processes.

Clinical Observation on Acupuncture Intervention for Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Objective： To observe the effect of acupuncture for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD）. Methods： A total of 36 cases were recruited in this study. Before treatment, a Chinese medical constitution survey was conducted on these children. Based on the survey findings, the children were divided in different groups for acupuncture intervention. Additionally, the heart rate variability and attention were detected respectively before treatment, in the 12th and 24th week after treatment. Results： ADHD kids commonly manifest as a body constitution of yang predominance and heat exuberance. The kids＇ Body Mass Indexes （BMI） are moderately correlated with attention deficit disorder （ADD）. After the treatment of 24 weeks, the ADHD scores were reduced from （10.94±1.98） to （8.56±2.48）, showing a statistical significance （P〈0.05）; in addition, the low frequency/high frequency （LF/HF） and normalized low frequency （nLF） between the two groups were also statistically different （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Most ADHD kids present with a body constitution of yang predominance and heat exuberance. A well-controlled BMI is helpful for ADHD treatment. Acupuncture can be a supplementary therapy to improve the ADHD symptoms.

Constitutive Model for the Thermo-viscoplastic Behavior of Hexagonal Close-Packed Metals with Application to Ti-6A1-4V Alloy

In this paper, a new physically based constitutive model is developed for hexagonal close-packed metals, especially the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, subjected to high strain rate and different temperatures based on the microscopic mechanism of plastic deformation and the theory of thermally activated dislocation motion. A global analysis of constitutive parameters based on the Latin Hypercube Sampling method and the Spearman＇s rank correlation method is adopted in order to improve the identification efficiency of parameters. Then, an optimal solution of constitutive parameters as a whole is obtained by using a global genetic algorithm composed of an improved niche genetic algorithm, a global peak determination strategy and the local accurate search techniques. It is concluded that the proposed constitutive modal can accurately describe the Ti-6Al-4V alloy＇s dynamic behavior because the prediction results of the model are in good agreement with the experimental data.