The relative value of education of emergency physicians in patient outcome: A retrospective analysis at a single center in developing India

BACKGROUND: There is a considerable paucity with regards to the research available on the quality and quantity of clinical teaching in the national emergency department(ED) setups. With the onset of the age of modern medicine, the outlook towards to the time worn tradition of triage and detailed medical evaluation must be revoked. Despite the variety of programs being conducted in the country, a comparable entity common to all is patients' clinical outcomes which can be measured using simple parameters which can be easily acquired compiling hospital registry entries.METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted in the emergency department of Max Hospital, Saket, New Delhi. A period of 22 months prior to the start of the program and like-wise 22 months after initiation of the program was collected from the hospital registry. The Emergency Medicine program in consideration was the Masters in emergency Medicine(MEM) Program affiliated with George Washington University, NY, USA. Patients of all age groups and gender registering in the Emergency Department and so were all the doctors working in the ED before and after initiation of the program.RESULTS: An improvement was noted in terms of total admissions through the ED per month, average length of stay of admitted as well as discharged patients; return to ED within 24 hours; leave against medical advice and patient complaints. A reduction was noted in number of discharges from the ED. Despite a numerical worsening on the patient's death in ED a graphical improvement can be noted considering the month wise representation of data.CONCLUSION: We can make a coherent conclusion that there is an improvement in the outcome of the entire patient related aspects in the Emergency Department considering the all two time frames included in the study. The difference can be very well attributed to the integration of the structural Academic Program in the development of the Emergency Physicians. This leads us to make a conclusive analysis regarding a positive impact of the Relative Value of Education of Emergency Physicians not only in patient outcome but also in physicians and administrative outlook towards an overall better emergency care.

Professionalism education of OB/GYN resident physicians: What makes a difference?

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new Professionalism curriculum in an Obstetrics and Gynecology (OB/GYN) residency after introducing Narrative Medicine and Professional Development/Support Group (PDSG) programs. Methods: 32 OB/GYN residents participated in this IRB approved pilot study. Twenty residents were assessed with the Barry Challenges to Professionalism Questionnaire (Barry), the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Physician Version (JSE), and the Jefferson Scale of Attitudes Toward Physician-Nurse Collaboration (JSAT) in August 2010, as controls. Five Narrative Medicine sessions and four PDSG sessions were then used from August 2010-May 2011, for resident physician professionalism education. Seventeen residents then underwent post-testing with the Barry, JSE, and JSAT in May 2011. Results: The pre-test/post-test Barry comparison showed an improvement in scores after introduction of the new Narrative Medicine and PDSG curriculum (7.6 +/- 2.1 versus 8.4 +/- 1.6;p = 0.10) though this was not statistically significant. Pre-test/post-test comparison of JSAT scores showed a statistically significant decline in collaboration (52.3 +/- 4.1 versus 49.7 +/- 3.7;p = 0.028) while JSE scores showed a downward trend in empathy (109.3 +/- 10.0 versus 104.8 +/- 9.2;p = 0.086). Conclusion: Narrative Medicine and PDSG small group sessions could be an effective component of OB/GYN resident physician Professionalism curriculum. This pilot project was underpowered, due to limited resources.

Analysis of Esophageal Cancer Death at Different Educational Levels in Inner Mongolia from 2009 to 2015

Objective: This study aimed to clarify the death characteristics of esophageal cancer in Inner Mongolia and the population distribution with various education levels. Methods: The mortality rate of esophageal cancer was calculated using the monitoring point of Death Registry System in Inner Mongolia from 2009 to 2015. The gender, age, region, ethnicity at two education levels of percentage were calculated and the χ2 test was executed. Result: The mortality rate of esophageal cancer was 10.10/105, China Adjustment Mortality was 10.97/105, World Adjustment Mortality was 9.08/105 in Inner Mongolia. The death of esophageal cancer showed statistical significance at two educational levels (P < 0.05). High school and below accounted for 93.9% at the education level, and above high school accounted for 3.5%. In addition, there were significant differences in the percentage of death by gender, age and region at two educational levels (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Education level has a certain relation with the death of esophageal cancer. To improve the health level, health education plans can be formulated according to esophageal cancer prevention relevant policy with different education levels.

普职融通视域下英国T Level行动计划探究

T Level行动计划较为全面地体现出英国近年来提升职业技术教育地位、普通教育与职业教育并重的理念。此次英国推出T Level行动计划的动因在于英国劳动力市场需要更多中高级职业人才、职业技术教育需要提高社会认可度、义务教育阶段毕业生需要体验职业教育。T Level行动计划主要由T Level项目、T Level过渡项目和T Level专业发展项目组成。T Level项目由各方共同设计,兼顾义务教育阶段毕业生的就业与升学;T Level过渡项目满足了义务教育阶段毕业生体验职业教育的需求;T Level专业发展项目为T Level项目实施提供保障。英国T Level行动计划的实施呈现出多元共治、删芜就简和问题导向等特点。借鉴英国T Level行动计划的经验,我国可通过引导雇主参与育人环节、基于项目式学习培养职业技能人才以及兼顾学生就业与升学等方式促进我国的普通教育与职业教育相互融通。

基于职普融通的英国T-Level资格考试制度及启示

职普融通是当前全球教育改革的潮流,职业教育高等化和高等教育职业化是21世纪国际教育发展的共同趋势。为推动职普融通,英国建立了T-Level资格考试制度,并于2022年开启了第一轮考试。围绕“谁来考、考什么、怎么考”等核心问题,T-Level资格考试制度形成了多元主体协同参与的考评主体、知识与技能并重的考评内容、纸笔考试与操作考试并行的考评方式。党和政府高度重视职业教育,提出要推进职普融通,加快构建现代职业教育体系。构建职教高考制度是我国推进职普融通、加快构建现代职业教育体系的重要举措。英国T-Level资格考试制度的经验,对于我国建立和完善职教高考制度、促进职普融通具有启示意义。当前,健全我国职教高考制度体系,需着力打破“横向融通”的体制性障碍,构建职普融通的有效通道;引导行业企业参与职教高考,提高职业教育社会认可度;完善职教高考内容与方式,构建职普融通考评体系。

Measurement invariance and latent mean differences of the Chinese version physical activity self-efficacy scale across gender and education levels

Background: Self-efficacy has been identified as an important determinant of youth's behavior change including physical activity(PA) participation. However, the dimensionality check of a PA self-efficacy scale has rarely been conducted in China. The current study aims to examine(1) the unidimensionality of a shortened Chinese version of PA self-efficacy scale(S-PASESC);(2) the measurement invariance of S-PASESC across gender and levels of education;(3) the latent factor mean difference between gender and levels of education;(4) the direct effects of self-efficacy on PA by different gender and education levels; and(5) the comparisons of the direct effects of self-efficacy on PA across gender and education levels.Methods: The participants were 5 th through 11 th grade public school students recruited from 7 cities located in different geographic regions of China. The final data include a total of 3003 participants(49.7% boys) who have completed the scales.Results: Confirmatory factor analysis(CFA) test supported the unidimensionality of S-PASESC. The S-PASESC is invariant across gender and 3 levels of education at both configural, full metric, and full scalar levels. Findings from latent mean comparisons showed that boys reported higher PA self-efficacy than girls. Students' perceived PA self-efficacy tend to decrease from elementary to high school. Finally, self-efficacy positively related to PA by groups of different gender and education levels and the relationship between self-efficacy and PA is stronger among middle school boys than girls.Conclusion: Findings suggest S-PASESC is a valid scale for measuring Chinese students' PA self-efficacy.

Additional responsibility for physicians caring for cardiac patients: Insight from a case series

Resuscitation measures performed at the scene of the event have the ultimate impact on the outcome of a cardiac arrest. We analysed six case histories of those sudden cardiac arrest patients who were revived in the field and were subsequently admitted to the intensive care unit during a six-month period. All were known cardiac patients and were under the care of healthcare providers. Four of those were discharged home from the hospital and did not suffer any residual damage where as one died of multi-organ failure and the other was declared brain dead. The outcome was good in patients who received early intervention in the form of basic life support. The family members of non-survivors witnessed the cardiac arrest at home but were not familiar with the concept or procedures of basic life support. We propose that physicians who care for cardiac patients should undertake the task of increasing family member awareness and knowledge in the techniques of basic life support.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Physicians in the Treatment of Hypertension in North-Central Nigeria

Background and Objectives: Hypertension is a global health hazard and most cases are first attended to by the physicians. Achieving a control will depend on the knowledge, attitude and practice of the physicians. We therefore determined the knowledge, attitude and practices of physicians on the detection and treatment of arterial hypertension in north-central Nigeria. Design and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 100 of the 250 physicians attending a continuing medical education lecture series in Bida was conducted using a pre-validated self administered questionnaire. Results: The mean age of the physicians was 41.05 ± 8.71 years and 59 (73.8%) were males. Forty-one (51.2%) of them have practiced for more than 10 years. Arterial hypertension was considered an important health problem by 93.8% of the physicians, 30% of them believed that it should not be referred to a specialist. Majority of the physicians request for urinalysis (96.2%), electrocardiogram (95.0%), fasting blood glucose (88.8%), blood urea nitrogen (98.8%) and fasting lipid profile (97.5%) to either assess target organ damage or associated co-morbid conditions. Fifty-seven (71.2%) of the physicians prescribe diuretics as the initial drug. However, the knowledge of the other drugs on initiation of therapy of mild uncomplicated hypertension was poor. The sources of information on arterial hypertension by physicians were scientific programs (73.8%), drug companies (38.8%) and journals in 11.3%. Conclusion: The knowledge, attitude and practice of physicians in the detection and management of hypertension were modest. Educative programs like continuing medical education, seminars, and conferences on cardiovascular disorders are advised to be organized regularly to strengthen these and update the physicians.

Correlation between Geographical Regional Economy and Construction of County-level Vocational Education Centers

In the period of Eleventh Five-Year Plan,the construction of county-level vocational education centers in Shanxi Province made great contribution to local social and economic development. Due to influence of special geography,population environment and regional economic development situation,it forms the pattern of strong in southeast and weak in northwest. Thus,scientific making plan for construction of vocational education centers in northwestern counties( cities) and establishing long-term mechanism for construction of vocational education centers will be helpful for serving regional economic construction.

Mental Health Education for Students from Junior Colleges Moving into Undergraduate Level in Private Colleges from the Perspective of Three- Dimensional Education

Good psychological quality is the basic requirement for college students in the new era.Students from junior colleges moving into xmdergraduate level in private colleges are a special group as they are already an important part of students in private colleges.Based on the mental health status of these students,private colleges have analyzed the issues of mental health education which include weak teaching staffs,lack attention,and traditional education methods.From the perspective of three-dimensional education,the psychological education work model in private colleges is explored to build an education team to promote the participation of all employees in the work of psychological education,strengthen the attention of college students who are moving into the undergraduate level,and to pay full attention to these students.Private colleges should try to innovate education methods and improve psychological education in all aspects.

Impact of Levels of Education on Perceived Academic Stress and Mental Wellbeing: An Investigation into Online Mode of Learning during Pandemic

A sudden outbreak of the current pandemic COVID-19 has switches the learning to online mode which leads to an increase in perceived academic stress and a serious threat to the mental well-being of the students across the globe.The aim of the current study was therefore,to examine the impact of online learning on perceived academic stress and mental well being of the students with moderating effects of levels of education,during the current pandemic.Measures of the constructs were obtained by the online Google form which consists of the Perceptions of Academic Stress Scale(PASS)by Dalia Bedewy and Adel Gabriel(2015)and War­wick-Edinburg Mental Well-being Scale(2008),from a sample of 150 undergraduate students aged 19-25 years studying in different colleges of Bengaluru,India.Mental well-being constituted the criterion variable whilst academic stress and levels of education were treated as predictor variables.Two-way ANOVA were employed.Results show that academic stress is a significant negative predictor of mental wellbeing(r=-.083;p<0.05),there is a significant difference in the perceived academic stress(df=2;F=2.72;p<0.05)which increase in hierarchy(Third year&first year MD=-3.7;Third year&second year MD=-3.2)and mental well being(df=2,F=5.314 p<0.05)which decreases in hierarchy(Third year&first year MD=-5.8;Third year&second year MD=-5.860)of the students at different educational levels and a combination perceived aca­demic stress and educational levels predicts variance in mental well being of the students(R2=0.052;p>0.05).It was concluded that combined aca­demic stress and educational levels have an impact on mental wellbeing of students in online mode of learning during the current pandemic,but this impact is low(only 5.2%).

A Theoretical Study on Health Quotient Promotion-based Physical Education Reform at the University Level

This study maintains that university-level physical education does not currently include or implement health education.? As a consequence of this, college and university students have a very weak theoretical understanding of health.? This study maintains that university-level physical education should focus on the state of students’ health, using the principles of the health quotient.? Of particular importance are problems related to mental health, social adaptive ability, and lifestyle.? Physical education should incorporate instruction based on health quotient-related theories and techniques;doing so will lay a strong foundation for students’ lifelong physical education.? In addition to opening up new paths and methods in research related to the all-around health education of college students, this can also enrich and perfect the theoretical system of modern sports science, as well as provide a new line of thinking and perspective to university-level physical education reform.

The Effect of a Psycho-Educational Program on Psychiatric Symptoms, Drug Attitude and Treatment Satisfaction of Patients with Schizophrenia

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a Comprehensive Psycho-Educational Approach and Scheme Set (COMPASS) for patients with schizophrenia who were treated with risperidone long-acting injectable (RLAI), on their psychiatric symptoms, drug attitudes, and treatment satisfaction levels. Participants were sixty-five patients at thirteen hospitals in Japan who met ICD-10 F2 criteria for schizophrenia or schizo-affective disorder and were treated with RLAI. A correlational study design was used to measure the effect of the COMPASS on the psychiatric symptoms, drug attitudes, and treatment satisfaction levels of patients treated with RLAI. Using the following evaluation indicators: The Subjective Satisfaction to Treatment Scale (SSTS), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), Drug-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms Scale (DIEPSS), and Drug Attitude Inventory-10 (DAI-10), measurements were taken at the beginning of the program (baseline), at the end of the program, and six months after (endpoint). Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Significant differences were observed in BPRS total (p < 0.001), sub-scales of BPRS positive (p < 0.001), BPRS negative (p < 0.01), BPRS affective (p < 0.01), and GAF (p < 0.001). However, there was no significant change in subscale of BPRS manic, DAI-10, DIEPSS, or SSTS but significant positive correlations were found between SSTS and DAI-10 and GAF at baseline;a negative correlation was found between SSTS and BPRS. The findings of the study suggested the benefit of using the COMPASS in conjunction with RLAI to decrease patients’ psychiatric symptomatology and improve treatment satisfaction. In addition, patient satisfaction was found to be an important factor to be considered by the psychiatrist.

Quantitative Study of Clothing Expenditure of Families with Different Education Level in shanghai

300 families were investigated,which belong to theFamily Investigation Net of Government Policy-makingInvestigating System of Shanghai Statistical Bureau.Thedata were analysed with SPSSWIN6.0 software.The re-gression models showed that families with different edu-cation level have different clothing expenditure models,that is,different affecting factors of clothing consumingin the second quarter.High education families’clothingexpenditure is mainly affected by the family living spaceand husband’s income,while middle education familiesby wife’s occupation and low education farmilies by hus-band’s income.The descriptive statistics showed:fromApril to June,families with different education levelwere quite different on the following aspects:(1)theclothing expenditure of the whole family and its mem-bers;(2)the structure of clothing consuming;(3)thepurchasing price of clothing;(4)the selection of clothingpurchase places.

高等教育强国建设的中国道路

高等教育强国建设是科技强国建设的基础性保障,是人才强国建设的关键性支撑,对中国式现代化建设具有突出的战略意义。推进高等教育强国高质量建设需要厘清中国式现代化引领高等教育强国建设的逻辑谱系,探明符合中国国情与现代化共同特征的强国建设路径;梳理高等教育强国建设的发展机理,增强高等教育强国建设的使命感和紧迫感;深化高等教育改革,回应新时代高等教育强国建设对新质生产力的迫切需要;明晰高水平科技自立自强支撑高等教育强国建设的核心要义,实现科技创新层级与能级的双跃升;以“两个大局”的时代理念作为高等教育高质量发展的时空坐标,厘清高等教育强国建设的行动逻辑。此外,在高等教育强国建设的关键阶段,我国必须以教育评价改革为抓手,破除制约高等教育强国建设的障碍,进而推动高等教育体系实现结构性变革、系统性重塑。

研究生自主学习、交际沟通能力与学业表现的影响研究

硕士研究生阶段十分强调学生的自主学习,要求学习者保持积极的学习心态,做到学习自律,以达到预期的学习目标。然而,硕士研究生的学习意愿、学习自律容易受到各种因素的影响。该文主要研究硕士研究生交际沟通能力、自主学习共同对学业的影响。研究发现,硕士研究生的交际沟通能力对自主学习具有促进作用,强化硕士研究生的努力程度,进而提升学业成就,特别是在学习团队中发挥重要作用。此外,研究还发现,研究生参与社会实践有助于强化自主学习意愿。因此,研究生教育应当培养学生的交际沟通能力、增加学生社会实践和优化研究生学业评价,从而提高研究生教育的质量。

分层递进式教学在国家卒中血管超声示范中心培训中的应用

目的探索分层递进式教学模式在血管超声专业对进修医师的培训效果。方法纳入2021年1月—2023年3月于首都医科大学宣武医院血管超声科进修的医师124人,根据入科时医师对血管超声和TCD技术的掌握水平进行分层,分为单技术组和颈-脑一体化技术组,采用分层递进式教学模式培训满6个月后,进行理论及实践考核。结果单技术组及颈-脑一体化技术组在入科时理论考核成绩和上机操作考核成绩差异无统计学意义。通过分层递进式教学培训后,单技术组的理论考核成绩[(83.8±6.9)分vs.(65.2±9.6)分,P<0.001]和上机操作考核成绩[(93.2±4.5)分vs.(91.4±4.3)分,P<0.001]均有提高。颈-脑一体化技术组理论考核成绩提高[(86.9±7.7)分vs.(67.7±6.4)分,P<0.001]。结论分层递进式教学模式在血管超声专业对进修医师具有较好的教学效果和较高的教学满意度。

市域产教联合体公共价值创造的逻辑与路径

建立市域产教联合体是我国构建现代职业教育体系的重要探索,它具有协同创新性、地方性、契约性、开放性与融通性等多重特征,立足公共价值创造分析视角能帮助理解市域产教联合体超越“教育”或“产业”领域价值的组织本质。公共价值创造分析框架呈现了市域产教联合体增强职业教育经济社会适应性与人才培养组织支持水平、改善企业人力资源和技术技能结构以及提升企业形象等方面的公众价值基础,并充分阐述了其在优化资源配置、促进社会价值共识、强化社会凝聚力和提升公众福祉等方面的公共价值结构。推动市域产教联合体建设,应准确识别公共价值内涵,定位市域产教联合体的组织目标,在制度完善过程中寻求价值公约数以及强化组织能力,不断优化运行机制,塑造协同文化,构建价值共创格局,从而实现市域产教联合体公共价值创造。