Anzali International wetland is located in the south coast of the Caspian Sea. Physicochemical analysis and zooplankton survey of the wetland were carried out on monthly basis for the period of one year from January 2...Anzali International wetland is located in the south coast of the Caspian Sea. Physicochemical analysis and zooplankton survey of the wetland were carried out on monthly basis for the period of one year from January 2012 to December 2013 at 9 different stations of Anzali wetland and its related channel to the Caspian Sea. Water temperature of the wetland followed more or less similar trend as that of air temperature. pH determined alkaline nature of the wetland ranging between 7.05 to 9.47, dissolved oxygen was recorded in the range of 3.36 mg/l to 10.51 mg/l while other parameters recorded were water temperature (10 to 23 C), Nitrate (0.48 to 4.36 mg/l), Total Phosphates (0.15 to 0.67 mg/l), Salinity (220 to 692 mg/l), Electrical Conductivity (235 to 1369 μs/cm), TDS (246 to 1971 mg/l), BOD (2 to 36 mg/l) and COD (4 to 74 mg/l). During study period, total 60 species of zooplankton were identified in four main groups such as Protozoa (22 sp.), Rotifera (29 sp.), Copepoda (5 sp.) and Cladocera (4 sp.). The highest numbers of zooplankton were recorded in summer months and lowest in winter which is the second rainy season of this area. The water body is receiving domestic discharge, agricultural run-off and industrial wastes leading to large amount of nutrient inputs to the ecosystem which indicates the eutrophic statue of the wetland. The aim of present study was to investigate the interrelationship between physicochemical factors and zooplankton population in context of their seasonal abundance.展开更多
[ Objective] To extract non-specific transfer factors （TFs） from goose spleens and to detect the activity of the extracts. [Methodl The non-specific TFs were extracted crudely from goose spleens using the dialysis m...[ Objective] To extract non-specific transfer factors （TFs） from goose spleens and to detect the activity of the extracts. [Methodl The non-specific TFs were extracted crudely from goose spleens using the dialysis method, and the effects of the extracts on immunity were studied. [ Result] The extracts of goose TFs were transparent, light yellow and non-toxic. The extracts were at pH 6.72 and did not contain higher molecular weight proteins. The concentration of minor polypeptides was 23.78 ug/ml. The results of immunization test showed that the level of antibodies was higher in the geese inoculated with the inactivated vaccine against infections serositis and the extracts of TFs than in the control geese injected with normal saline. In addition, the level of antibodies was significantly higher in the geese only inoculated with inactivated vaccine than in the control geese. The results showed that the extracts of TFs from goose spleens could enhance immunity to a certain extent. [ Conclusion] The study pro- vides a theoretical basis and technical reference for further researches on the biological activity of non-specific TFs from goose spleens as well as for application of the extracts.展开更多
To assess the magnitude of water quality decline in the Turag River of Bangladesh,this study examined the seasonal variation of physi-cochemical parameters of water,identified potential pollution sources,and clustered...To assess the magnitude of water quality decline in the Turag River of Bangladesh,this study examined the seasonal variation of physi-cochemical parameters of water,identified potential pollution sources,and clustered the monitoring months with similar characteristics.Water samples were collected in four distinct seasons to evaluate temperature,pH,dissolved oxygen(DO)concentration,five-day biochemical oxygen demand(BOD 5),chemical oxygen demand(COD),electrical conductivity(EC),chloride ion(Cl^(-))concentration,total alkalinity(TA),turbidity,total dissolved solids(TDS)concentration,total suspended solids(TSS)concentration,and total hardness(TH)using standard methods.The analytical results revealed that 40%of water quality indices were within the permissible limits suggested by different agencies,with the exception of EC,Cl^(-)concentration,TA,turbidity,DO concentration,BOD 5,and COD in all seasons.Statistical analyses indicated that 52%of the contrasts were significantly different at a 95%confidence interval.The factor analysis presented the best fit among the parameters,with four factors explaining 94.29%of the total variance.TDS,BOD 5,COD,EC,turbidity,DO,and Cl?were mainly responsible for pollution loading and were caused by the significant amount of industrial discharge and toxicological compounds.The cluster analysis showed the seasonal change in surface water quality,which is usually an indicator of pollution from rainfall or other sources.However,the values of different physico-chemical properties varied with seasons,and the highest values of pollutants were recorded in the winter.With the change in seasonal tem-perature and increase in rainfall,the seasonal Turag River water followed a self-refining trend as follows:rainy season>pre-winter>summer>winter.展开更多
文摘Anzali International wetland is located in the south coast of the Caspian Sea. Physicochemical analysis and zooplankton survey of the wetland were carried out on monthly basis for the period of one year from January 2012 to December 2013 at 9 different stations of Anzali wetland and its related channel to the Caspian Sea. Water temperature of the wetland followed more or less similar trend as that of air temperature. pH determined alkaline nature of the wetland ranging between 7.05 to 9.47, dissolved oxygen was recorded in the range of 3.36 mg/l to 10.51 mg/l while other parameters recorded were water temperature (10 to 23 C), Nitrate (0.48 to 4.36 mg/l), Total Phosphates (0.15 to 0.67 mg/l), Salinity (220 to 692 mg/l), Electrical Conductivity (235 to 1369 μs/cm), TDS (246 to 1971 mg/l), BOD (2 to 36 mg/l) and COD (4 to 74 mg/l). During study period, total 60 species of zooplankton were identified in four main groups such as Protozoa (22 sp.), Rotifera (29 sp.), Copepoda (5 sp.) and Cladocera (4 sp.). The highest numbers of zooplankton were recorded in summer months and lowest in winter which is the second rainy season of this area. The water body is receiving domestic discharge, agricultural run-off and industrial wastes leading to large amount of nutrient inputs to the ecosystem which indicates the eutrophic statue of the wetland. The aim of present study was to investigate the interrelationship between physicochemical factors and zooplankton population in context of their seasonal abundance.
基金funded by the Innovation Fund Project for College Students of Rongchang Campus of Southwest University,Chongqing Basic Research program ( 2008BB5243)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities( XDJK2010C093)
文摘[ Objective] To extract non-specific transfer factors （TFs） from goose spleens and to detect the activity of the extracts. [Methodl The non-specific TFs were extracted crudely from goose spleens using the dialysis method, and the effects of the extracts on immunity were studied. [ Result] The extracts of goose TFs were transparent, light yellow and non-toxic. The extracts were at pH 6.72 and did not contain higher molecular weight proteins. The concentration of minor polypeptides was 23.78 ug/ml. The results of immunization test showed that the level of antibodies was higher in the geese inoculated with the inactivated vaccine against infections serositis and the extracts of TFs than in the control geese injected with normal saline. In addition, the level of antibodies was significantly higher in the geese only inoculated with inactivated vaccine than in the control geese. The results showed that the extracts of TFs from goose spleens could enhance immunity to a certain extent. [ Conclusion] The study pro- vides a theoretical basis and technical reference for further researches on the biological activity of non-specific TFs from goose spleens as well as for application of the extracts.
文摘To assess the magnitude of water quality decline in the Turag River of Bangladesh,this study examined the seasonal variation of physi-cochemical parameters of water,identified potential pollution sources,and clustered the monitoring months with similar characteristics.Water samples were collected in four distinct seasons to evaluate temperature,pH,dissolved oxygen(DO)concentration,five-day biochemical oxygen demand(BOD 5),chemical oxygen demand(COD),electrical conductivity(EC),chloride ion(Cl^(-))concentration,total alkalinity(TA),turbidity,total dissolved solids(TDS)concentration,total suspended solids(TSS)concentration,and total hardness(TH)using standard methods.The analytical results revealed that 40%of water quality indices were within the permissible limits suggested by different agencies,with the exception of EC,Cl^(-)concentration,TA,turbidity,DO concentration,BOD 5,and COD in all seasons.Statistical analyses indicated that 52%of the contrasts were significantly different at a 95%confidence interval.The factor analysis presented the best fit among the parameters,with four factors explaining 94.29%of the total variance.TDS,BOD 5,COD,EC,turbidity,DO,and Cl?were mainly responsible for pollution loading and were caused by the significant amount of industrial discharge and toxicological compounds.The cluster analysis showed the seasonal change in surface water quality,which is usually an indicator of pollution from rainfall or other sources.However,the values of different physico-chemical properties varied with seasons,and the highest values of pollutants were recorded in the winter.With the change in seasonal tem-perature and increase in rainfall,the seasonal Turag River water followed a self-refining trend as follows:rainy season>pre-winter>summer>winter.
