Expression and Purification of Arabidopsis High Mobility Group B Protein Gene At2G34450 in Pichia pastoris

[Objective] The aim was to study the expression of Arabidopsis gene A/2G34450 in Pichia pastoris and to obtain recombinant Arabidopsis HMGB protein. [Method] The At2G34450 gene was cloned into yeast expression vector pPIC9K containing AOXl promoter and the sequences of secreting α-signal peptides. Recombinant plasmid was linearized by Sal l and transformed into P. pastoris GSl15 competent cells by electroporation. Positive integrated clones were screened out, and the At2G34450 protein was expressed under the induction of methanol. [Result] The At2G34450 protein was expressed in yeast medium through methanol induction. SDS-PAGE results showed that recombination product was At2G34450 protein. [Conclusion] At2G34450 protein was successfully expressed in the P. pastoris system for the first time, which paves a direct path to further research on the functions of HMGB family members.

Process Control and Optimization for Heterologous Protein Production by Methylotrophic Pichia pastoris

The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris is a highly successful system for production of a variety of heterologous proteins due to its unique features/abilities for effective protein expression, and tremendous efforts have been made to increase heterologous protein productivity by P. pastoris in recent years. When new engineered yeast strains are constructed and are ready to use tot industrial protein production, process control and optimization techniques should be applied to improve the fermentation performance in the following aspects： （1） increase recombinant cell concentrations in fermentor to high density during growth phase; （2） effectively induce heterologous proteins by enhancing/stabilizing titers or concentrations of the proteins during induction phase; （3） decrease operation costs by relieving the working loads of heat-exchange and oxygen supply. This article reviews and discusses the key and commonly used techniques in heterologous protein production by P. pastoris, with the focus on optimizations of fermentation media and basic operation conditions, development of optimal glycerol feeding strategies for achieving high density cultivation of P. pastoris and effective heterologous protein induction methods by regulating specific growth rate, methanol concentration, temperatures, mixture ratio of multi-carbon substrates, etc. Metabolic analysis for recombinant protein production by P. pastoris is also introduced to interpret the mechanism of sub-optimal heterologous protein production and to explore further optimal expression methods.

Combined strategies for improving the heterologous expression of a novel xylanase from Fusarium oxysporum Fo47 in Pichia pastoris

Xylanase,an enzyme capable of hydrolyzing non-starch polysaccharides found in grain structures like wheat,has been found to improve the organizational structure of dough and thus increase its volume.In our past work,one promising xylanase FXYL derived from Fusarium oxysporum Fo47 and first expressed 779.64 U/mL activity in P.pastoris.It has shown significant potential in improving the quality of whole wheat bread,making it become a candidate for development as a new flour improver.After optimization of expression elements and gene dose,the xylanase activity of FXYL strain carrying three-copies reached 4240.92 U/mL in P.pastoris.In addition,12 factors associated with the three stages of protein expression pathway were co-expressed individually in order in three-copies strain,and the translation factor Pab1 co-expression increased FXYL activity to 8893.53 U/mL.Nevertheless,combining the most effective or synergistic factors from three stages did not exhibit better results than co-expressing them alone.To further evaluate the industrial potential,the xylanase activity and protein concentration reached 81184.51 U/mL and 11.8 g/L in a 5 L fed-batch fermenter.These engineering strategies improved the expression of xylanase FXYL by more than 104-fold,providing valuable insights for the cost-effective industrial application of FXYL in the baking field.

Expression of ChIFN-α in Pichia pastoris and Optimization of Its Expression Condition

Because yeast codon preferred to synthesize the gene sequence of ChIFN-α mature peptide, Pichia pastoris expression system was connected into vector pPICgK, to construct recombinant plasmid pPIC9K-α. After digestion and linearization, the recombinant vector was cloned into P. pastor/s GS115, high copy transformant and its methanol utilization type were screened, and its expression conditions were optimized. The results showed that ChlFN-α successfully expressed in P. pastor/s, the expression amount of recombinant protein was the largest after induced expression in 0.5 % methanol containing 2% acid hydrolyzed casein at 28 ℃ for 72 h, and its antiviral activity was the highest.

Cloning and Characterization of a Galactomannan-degrading Enzyme Gene in Pichia pastoris

[ Objective ] This study aimed to obtain the recombinant Pichia yeast strain which can efficiently degrade guar gum. The properties of the recombinant enzyme were studied preliminarily. [ Method ] A positive clone that could hydrolyze guar gum was obtained through the construction and functional screening of a soil genome library. Sequence analysis indicated that the 1485-bp clone encodes a 494-amino acid protein with a relative molecular mass of 53 949 kD, containing a cellulose-binding domain. The recombinant plasmid pHBM731 was generated by inserting the optimized target gene into a Pichia pastoris expression vector pHBMg05 that was transformed into three Pichia pastoris strains, GS115, KM71 and SMD1168. The biochemical properties of the enzyme were assessed. [ Result] The cloned galactonumnan （GM）-degrading enzyme was expressed and secreted by Pichia pastoris GSll5. High cell density fermentation was induced in recombi- nant Pichia pastoris at 25 and 28 ~C ; a higher enzyme activity was observed at an induction temperature of 28 ~C. The optimal temperature for the recombinant en- zyme is 60 ~C, and the optimal pH is 6.6. The enzyme activity was 38.61 U under optimal conditions. Over 50% of the enzyme activity was maintained under the optimal conditions after 9 h. Under the optimal conditions, the effect of metal ions on enzyme activity was analyzed. Ca2 ＋ , Fe2 ＋ and Li ~ slightly enhanced enzyme activity, while Mn2＋ and Co2＋ had little effect. Enzyme activity was modestly suppressed by Mg2~ , K~ and Na＋ , but considerably suppressed by Ag2~ and Zn2~ , with Cu2 ＋ showing the strongest inhibitory effects. [ Conclusion] A novel GM-degrading enzyme expressed by soil yeast was cloned, which can potentially be used in industrial applications to obtain eommereially useful guar gum-degradation products.

High-yield expression of recombinant mouse coagulation factor Ⅶ in methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris

Objective: To explore high-yield secretory expression of recombinant mouse coagulation factor Ⅶ (rmF Ⅶ ) protein in Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris). Methods: The fragment of mF Ⅶ cDNA was amplified by PCR from a pcDNA3-mFⅦ plasmid. Then the cDNA fragment was subcloned into α-factor secretion signal open reading frame of pPIC9K secretory expression vector. The mutagenesis of mF Ⅶ was performed by Site-Direct Mutation and then verified by DNA sequencing. The yeast expression vector of rmF Ⅶ, named as pPIC9K-rmFⅦ, was linearized with Sac I and transferred into GS115 strains(his-Mut+)by electroporation. The recombinants were identified by direct PCR and selection on MM and MD plates. rmF Ⅶ was expressed in recombinant strains (his+Mut+) for 4 d. The expression level and activation of rmF Ⅶ in the BMMY medium were detected by SDS-PAGE and Western blot respectively. Results:pPIC9K-rmFⅦ was constructed and transferred to GS115 strains successfully. 48-hour post induction by methanol rmFⅦ protein was secreted into the culture supernatant. The molecular weight of the expressed products was shown to be about 46 kD by SDS-PAGE analysis. Western blot showed that the expressed rmF Ⅶ exhibited specificity and antigenicity. Conclusion: Since mFⅦ is considered as a tumor-targeting molecule , this study may provide a basis for further anti-tumor strategy on rmFⅦ.

Study on Cellulase Gene Expressed in Pichia pastoris and Analyses of Its Biochemical Characters

Objectives: In order to increase cellulose degradation, cellulase was expressed in this study. Literature Review: Cellulose is the most abundant organic carbon source on Earth;its enzymatic hydrolysis will be very useful for bioenergy production and resource recycling. Methods: Cellobiohydrlase I (CBH I) gene was amplified from genomic DNA of Trichoderma koningii and inserted into pGAPZα A plasmid to construct the vector of pGAPZαA-CBH I. It was linearized and transformed into Pichia pastoris by electroporation. The recombinant Pichia pastoris was selected and incubated with YPD medium for cellulase secretion. Results: The result showed that CMCase and avicelase activity in the supernatant was 1.1798 U/mL and 0.1276 U/mL, the molecular weight of the expressed protein was 53 kDa determined with SDS-PAGE analyses, and the optimal temperature and pH of the expressed cellulase were 45?C - 50?C and 4.5 - 5.0, respectively. Conclusion: Cellulase gene from T. koningii has been successfully cloned and expressed in Pichia pastoris.

肠道病毒71型外壳蛋白VP1在Pichia pastoris酵母中的表达

利用逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT PCR)扩增肠道病毒71型(EV71)外壳蛋白VP1基因,经序列测定证实后,构建重组表达质粒pPIC9K/VP1,转化Pichiapastoris酵母宿主菌GS115,甲醇诱导表达。SDS PAGE分析显示:表达产物的分子量约为34kD,与天然VP1大小一致。凝胶薄层扫描分析显示:目的蛋白表达量占培养上清总蛋白的60%以上。ELISA实验表明,重组蛋白VP1具有较好的抗原性。使用饱和硫酸铵分级沉淀法初步纯化的表达产物,能够较特异性地与EV71感染者血清中的抗体产生反应,而且与抗柯萨奇病毒A16特异性抗体不产生反应。通过利用表达产物作为抗原,对156份血清的检测初步证实,重组蛋白VP1可以作为检测EV71感染的的检测用抗原。

猪瘟病毒E2基因在Pichia pastoris中的表达及其免疫活性的初步研究

将猪瘟病毒的E2基因克隆入酵母分泌型表达载体pPIC9K中 ,酶切线性化后电穿孔导入Pichiapastoris进行整合 ,经G418筛选得到高拷贝转化子 ,甲醇诱导表达。SDS PAGE和Westernblot结果证实了酵母培养上清液中含有E2蛋白。免疫活性研究证明P .

前列腺特异膜抗原在Pichia pastoris酵母中的表达及鉴定

前列腺特异膜抗原是一种具有高度前列腺特异性的糖蛋白 ,其表达的增高与肿瘤的术后复发、激素抵抗及较差的预后正相关 ,在前列腺癌的诊断和治疗中有广泛的应用前景 .从前列腺癌组织提取总RNA ,利用RT PCR技术获得PSMA基因的全长序列 ,构建了重组酵母表达载体pPIC3.5K PSMA .电击法转化Pichiapastoris酵母 ,通过表型筛选和PCR鉴定证实该基因已稳定整合入Pichiapastoris酵母基因组中 .SDS PAGE显示 ,获得的PSMA蛋白分子量约 10 0kD ,表达产物经West ern印迹证实可特异地与PSMA单克隆抗体 4G5结合 .结果表明 ,成功地获得PSMA编码的cDNA并在酵母细胞中获得表达 .

在甲醇酵母Pichia pastoris胞内表达有活性的辣根过氧化物酶

为了开辟在甲醇酵母 Pichia pastoris中表达 HRP的新途径 ,将编码成熟 HRP同功酶 C基因克隆到表达载体 p PIK3.5K中 .p PIK3.5KHRP转化 GS1 1 5后 ,用 PCR筛选阳性 P.pastoris重组株 ,并用甲醇进行诱导 . Western印迹杂交分析表明目标蛋白 (约为 38k D)能被天然 HRP的多克隆抗体所识别 ,因此活性辣根过氧化物酶已在 P.pastoris胞内表达 .筛选菌株中显示了明显的过氧化物酶活性 ,同时诱导过程中血红素和 Ca Cl2

伪狂犬病病毒闽A株gE基因去信号肽片段在Pichia pastoris中的表达

伪狂犬病病毒囊膜糖蛋白E是一种在伪狂犬病根除计划中具有重要作用的糖蛋白 .将伪狂犬病病毒闽A株 gE基因去信号肽片段克隆到巴斯德毕赤酵母 (Pichiapastoris)表达载体pPICZαA中 ,获得的重组表达载体pPICZαA FL电击转化野生型酵母菌SMD116 8后 ,得到多株酵母工程菌SMD116 8/ pPICZαA FL .经高浓度ZeocinTM筛选、表型鉴定、工程菌的诱导表达及表达产物的鉴定 ,最后得到高效表达 gE基因去信号肽片段的酵母工程菌SMD116 8/ pPICZαA FL 7.工程菌 72h培养上清的SDS 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳与蛋白质印迹结果显示 ,gE基因去信号肽片段表达产物大小约为 80ku ,比预期的 6 3 8ku大 .凝胶薄层扫描结合Bradford蛋白质总含量测定结果表明 ,表达产物占工程菌培养上清总蛋白的 13 4 9% ,表达量可达 11 7mg/L .间接ELISA结果表明重组表达产物具有良好的抗原性 。

乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原preS2+S基因在Pichia Pastoris酵母系统的分泌表达

拟获得adw2亚型乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒表面抗原preS2+S基因在PichiaPastoris酵母分泌型表达系统(pPIC9K)的高效表达。实验首先将adw2亚型乙肝病毒表面抗原preS2+S基因重组到分泌型酵母表达载体(pPIC9K)形成表达质粒,电转化酵母细胞KM71,G418筛选多拷贝整合克隆,经甲醇诱导表达并用SDS-PAGE电泳及酶免疫法检测表达产物。经100个克隆筛选获得了表达量较高的表达菌株WC4。该菌株甲醇诱导后细胞上清10倍浓缩SDS-PAGE电泳检测显示,细胞上清中有特异蛋白条带,且第6天表达量最高,表达产物单体分子量为31kD左右。用美国雅培公司AUZYMEMONOCLONAL试剂盒估算表达量为2μg/100OD600细胞。上述结果表明,乙肝病毒表面抗原preS2+S基因在本系统中获得了分泌表达。同时检测了酵母细胞裂解液中特异蛋白质的表达,结果发现,自甲醇诱导后第一天即可检测到表达产物,而且除了第6天细胞外表达量高于细胞内外,其余各天的表达水平均表现为细胞内高于细胞外。以上结果提示,利用分泌型酵母表达系统表达乙肝病毒表面抗原在技术上可行,但表达产量偏低,一些蛋白滞留在细胞内未能分泌到培养基中。

HIV-1外膜蛋白gp120在酵母Pichia pastoris中的表达

目的用巴斯德毕赤酵母系统表达HIV外膜糖蛋白gp 120。方法将从HIV-1型国际标准株pHXB2-gp 160的基因序列中扩增出的gp 120分子的长片段基因(1 419 bp)和短片段基因(417bp)分别克隆入真核表达载体pPICZαA与pPICZB中,以电穿孔法转化酵母GS 115。用YPDS-zeo平板筛选重组子、PCR方法检测整合到酵母菌GS 115基因组中的gp 120片段基因,经甲醇诱导表达后,SDS-PAGE和免疫印迹分析表达产物。结果诱导后gp 120短片段多肽在GS 115中少量表达,在诱导表达24 h重组蛋白表达量及抗原性达到最高,表达产物被降解,具有良好的抗原特异性。诱导后gp 120长片段多肽未被GS 115所表达。结论在巴斯德毕赤酵母中成功表达gp 120分子长片段需要优化gp 120基因,为制备HIV-1的诊断抗原和基因工程重组疫苗打下基础。

LZ-8基因的克隆及其在毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)中的表达

用 PCR 从灵芝(Gamoderma lucidum)基因组扩增免疫蛋白 LZ-8基因,将其构建到酵母表达质粒 pPICZaA 中,采用电激转化法转化毕赤酵母,获得转化子。对其 Sourthern 杂交分析,结果表明 LZ-8基因整合到毕赤酵母基因组。对转化酵母作发酵培养,SDS—聚炳烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测到 LZ-8蛋白的表达。

Expression of tachyplesin gene in yeast Pichia pastoris

Tachyplesin gene was designed and chemically synthesized with codon usage bias. The stop codon TAG and some restriction sites convenient for further cloning were added to this gene. The synthesized gene cloned into yeast expression vector pPIC9 (with α_secretion signal) was transformed into host strain GS115 by electroporation. The tachyplesin expressed from recombinants Y PIC27 and Y PIC42 showed an inhibition activity against the germination of the spores of \%Magnaporthe grisea\%. Southern blot performed with chromosome genome of the two recombinants indicated a single copy of the expression cassette was integrated at the chromosomal AOX 1 locus by which the genomic AOX 1 gene was functionally disrupted and Northern blot showed the presence of transcripts of the tachyplesin gene.

Cloning,expression,and characterization of a porcine pancreatic α-amylase in Pichia pastoris

Pancreatic α-amylase(α-1, 4-glucan-4-glucanohydrolase, EC.3.2.1.1) plays a primary role in the intestinal digestion of feed starch and is often deficient in weanling pigs.The objective of this study was to clone,express, and characterize porcine pancreatic α-amylase(PPA).The full-length c DNA encoding the PPA was isolated from pig pancreas by RT-PCR and cloned into the pPICZαA vector.After the resultant pPICZαА-PPA plasmid was transferred into Pichia pastoris, Ni Sepharose affinity column was used to purify the over-expressed extracellular recombinant PPA protein(re PPA) that contains a His-tag to the C terminus and was characterized against the natural enzyme(α-amylase from porcine pancreas).The re PPA exhibited a molecular mass of approximately 58 kDa and showed optimal temperature(50℃),optimal pH(7.5), K_m(47.8 mg/mL), and V_(max)(2,783 U/mg) similar to those of the natural enzyme.The recombinant enzyme was stable at 40℃ but lost 60% to 90%(P < 0.05) after exposure to heating at≥50℃ for 30 min.The enzyme activity was little affected by Cu^(2+)or Fe^(3+), but might be inhibited(40% to 50%) by Zn^(2+)at concentrations in pig digesta.However, Ca^(2+)exhibited a dose-dependent stimulation of the enzyme activity.In conclusion, the present study successfully cloned the porcine pancreatic aamylase gene and over-expressed the gene in P.pastoris as an extracellular, functional enzyme.The biochemical characterization of the over-produced enzyme depicts its potential and future improvement as an animal feed additive.

High level expression of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chitinase(ScCTS1)in Pichia pastoris for degrading chitin

Chitin is the second most abundant renewable biopolymer in the world.Chitinases play important roles in the degradation of chitin.Chitinases are produced by different organisms for different purposes,which are widely expressed in the three domains of life,ranging from archaea,bacteria,to fungi,yeasts,plants,insects,and even vertebrates.But there are few reports about Saccharomyces cerevisiae chitinase(ScCTS1).The aim of this study was to realize the high level expression of ScCTS1.The ScCTS1 was cloned into the expression vector pPIC9K.The recombinant plasmid was linearized and transformed into competent Pichia pastoris GS115.After screening by G418 plate,the fermentation conditions were optimized.Ultimately,under the optimal fermentation conditions,ScCTS1 enzymatic activity reached up to 94.6 U/mL.This paper presents the first report on the heterologous expression of a full-length ScCTS1 with considerably high activity.The work will not only make a great stride towards its potential applications in biotechnology,but also facilitate elucidating the precise mechanism of yeast cell division.

人血管内皮生长因子受体Flt-1胞外区2-3loop在Pichia.pastoris酵母中的表达、纯化及其生物学活性研究

目的 :研究人Flt 1胞外区 2 3loopcDNA在Pichia pastoris酵母中的表达 ,获得高效表达的具有生物学活性的重组Flt 1(2 3)。方法 :采用PCR扩增Flt 1(2 3)基因 ,经DNA序列分析后 ,插入含AOX1启动子和α分泌信号肽序列的Pichia pastoris酵母表达载体中 ,构建重组质粒pPIC9K Flt 1(2 3) ,转化酵母宿主菌GS115 ,筛选His+ Muts 表型转化子 ,摇瓶培养 ,1%甲醇诱导表达。表达产物经CM SepharoseFF阳离子交换层析和SephacrylS 10 0分子筛层析纯化后 ,测定其生物学活性。结果 :SDS PAGE分析显示 ,表达产物以可溶性分子形式存在于上清中 ,诱导 4d的表达量达上清总蛋白的 6 0 %以上。ELISA及Westernblot实验表明 ,表达产物具有良好的抗原性和特异性。经CM SepharoseFF阳离子交换层析和SephacrylS 10 0分子筛层析纯化后 ,Flt 1(2 3)纯度达到 90 %以上。生物学活性检测证实其具有结合hVEGF1 6 5 的能力和抑制hVEGF1 6 5 对HUVEC的促增殖功能。结论 :获得了具有生物学活性的可溶性重组Flt 1受体胞外区 2 3loop小片段 ,为进一步的动物实验和临床应用打下了基础。

Development of synthetic biology tools to engineer Pichia pastoris as a chassis for the production of natural products

The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris(a.k.a.Komagataella phaffii)is one of the most commonly used hosts for industrial production of recombinant proteins.As a non-conventional yeast,P.pastoris has unique biological characteristics and its expression system has been well developed.With the advances in synthetic biology,more efforts have been devoted to developing P.pastoris into a chassis for the production of various high-value compounds,such as natural products.This review begins with the introduction of synthetic biology tools for the engineering of P.pastoris,including vectors,promoters,and terminators for heterologous gene expression as well as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-associated System(CRISPR/Cas)for genome editing.This review is then followed by examples of the production of value-added natural products in metabolically engineered P.pastoris strains.Finally,challenges and outlooks in developing P.pastoris as a synthetic biology chassis are prospected.